肺炎链球菌检测与分型技术
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实时荧光定量PCR法快速诊断肺炎链球菌及其血清分型方法的建立摘要】目的:探讨建立荧光定量PCR法直接检测临床标本的肺炎链球菌并对其进行血清学分型的可行性。
方法:针对肺炎链球菌种属特异性基因lytA及该菌常见的21种血清型设计荧光探针及引物,构建Taqman荧光定量PCR法。
使用荚膜肿胀试验作为金标准检测PCR方法的灵敏度及特异度,选择1209份临床样本同时做培养及PCR方法,比较两种方法的肺炎链球菌检出率及血清分型情况。
结果:构建Taqman荧光定量PCR法灵敏度及特异度分别为94.2%及70%。
Taqman荧光探针PCR法鉴定的主要血清型别为19F(43.7%)、6A/B(17.2%)、23F(13.8%)、19A(6.8%),未能分型的肺炎链球菌为17.2%。
荚膜肿胀试验鉴定的主要血清型别为19F(39.1%)、6A/B(17.2%)、23F(9.2%)、19A(5.7%),未能分型的肺炎链球菌为28.7%。
1209份临床样本仅培养出16份肺炎链球菌,Taqman荧光定量PCR法检出44例肺炎链球菌,其对临床样本肺炎链球菌阳性检出率更高,其差异有显著统计学意义(χ2=13.39,P<0.001)。
结论:Taqman荧光探针PCR法灵敏度高、特异度好,能直接对临床样本进行血清学分型,可大幅度缩短肺炎链球菌检测的报告时间。
【关键词】 Taqman荧光探针PCR法;肺炎链球菌;血清分型;荚膜肿胀试验【中图分类号】R378.1+2 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-1752(2017)25-0036-03Establishment of real - time fluorescence quantitative PCR for rapid diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its serum typingLiang Zhuoxin, Fu Jinjian, Long Yiqin, Wei Haichun.Guangxi Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, 1Department of Intensive Medicine, 2Department of Laboratory, 3Department of Pediatrics, 4 Department of Transfusion, Liuzhou 545001, China【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the feasibility of establishing a quantitative method for the direct detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in clinical specimensand its serological typing. Methods The fluorescent probes and primers for series of serotypes of Streptococcus pneumonia was designed for the development of Taqman fluorescence quantitative PCR. Capsular swelling test was used as the gold standard to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the PCR method. 1209 clinical samples were selected and cultured at the same time. Results The sensitivity and specificity of Taqman fluorescence quantitative PCR was 94.2% and 70%, respectively. The main serotypes identified by Taqman PCR were 19F (43.7%), 6A / B (17.2%), 23F (13.8%),19A (6.8%) and 17.2% of Streptococcus pneumonia cannot be typed. The main serotypes identified by capsular swelling were 19F (39.1%), 6A / B (17.2%), 23F (9.2%), 19A (5.7%) and 28.7% of Streptococcus pneumonia cannot be typed. Sixteen cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae were cultured positive in 1209 clinical samples, and 44 cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae were detected by Taqman fluorescence quantitative PCR. The positive rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae detected by PCR was significantly hi gher than that of capsular swelling method (χ2 = 13.39, P<0.001). Conclusion Taqman Fluorescence Probe PCR method has high sensitivity and good specificity, and it can detected the streptococcus pneumoniae directly from clinicalsamples and can shorten the reporting time.【Key words】 Taqman fluorescence probe PCR method; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Serotype; Capsular swelling test我国每年因肺炎链球菌相关疾病导致儿童死亡人数列全球前10名[1]。