输尿管-输尿管吻合在肾移植尿路重建中的应用

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中国组织工程研究与临床康复笤73眷碧78助20090430出版JournalofClinicalRehabilitativeTissueEngineeringResearchApril302009V01.13No.78

炙死天临床医学

输尿管一输尿管吻合在肾移植尿路重建中的

应用

聂志林,李黔生,靳风烁,张克勤,朱方强,霍文谦

Applicationofureteroureterostomyinurinaryreconstructiona

f

t

erkidneytranspIantation

NieZhi—lin,LiQian—sheng,JinFeng—shuo,ZhangKe—qin,ZhuFang—qiang,HuoWen—qian

Ab

stract

BACKGROUND:UrologicalcomplicationsafterkidneytransDlantatiOnarerelatedtothewaysofurinaryreconstruction.Itstillremainstobedeterminedwhetherureteroureterostomycanbecomefhefirstchoiceforurinaryreconstructioninsteado

f

ureteroneocystos

t

omy

OBJECTlVE:Torelrospec“veIVanalyzetheoccurrenceandmanagementofurologicaIcomplicationsafterureteroureterostomy

inkidneytransDlantatiOn。andtoinvestigatethefeasibilitythatureteroureterostomybecomethefirstchoiceforurinary

reCOnstructiOnafterkidneytrans

p

lantation

DESIGN,TIMEANDSEl_rING:AretrospectivecaseanalysiswasperformedatDepartmentofUrology.ResearchJnstitut

eo

f

FieldSurgery,DapingHospital.theThirdMilitaryMedicalUniversityfromDecember1993toApril2007.

PARTlClPANTS:Atotalof275renalallograftrecipientsinwhomureteroureterostomywasadoptedforurinaryrecOnstruction

wereselectedintheexperimentMETHODS:TheproximaIendofureterinrecipientwasIigated.anddistaIendexplorationwasusedbyducts.Theanastomosed

endsofthepatencyofuretersinrecipientanddonorweretrimedintoacufshape.A6FrdoubleJtubewasfocatedintheureter

indonorfrOmrenalpelvistobladder.UrinarycatheterwasroutinelyusedinthetransDIantatiOn.Theurinarycatheterwas

removedat7”dayaftertransDlantation.anddoubleJtubewasremovedat8”。dayThesecondgenerationcephalosporinwas

usedasantibiotic,and5dayswereassignedasonecourse.

MAlNOUTCOMEMEASURE:Theoccurrenceandmanagementofurologicalcomplicationssuchasurineleakage.uretera

I

obstructionandvesicoureteraIreflux(VUR)weresummarized.

RESULTS:Overall,urologicalcomplicationswereencounteredin17(62%)casesUrineleakageswereoccurredin4(1.5%)

patients.Oflhem.conservativetreatmentwassuccessfuIin3patients.and1patientneededasecondureteroureterostomydue

todistaIureteralnecrosis.UreteraIobstructionswereoccureedin13(47%)patients.Ofthem,4patientswereearlyobstruc

ti

on

includinghematomainiliacfossain2patients.ureteralbloodclotin1patientandcalcul_'n1patient.Theyweresuccessfull

y

managementwithsurgicaldrainage.replacingtheureteralstento

rESWL.9patientswerelateobstruction.includingastenosiso

f

nastomoticstomain6patientsandcalculiin3patients.Theyweresuccessfullytreatedwithendourology.Allrecipientsrega

ined

nOrmalurinevolumeandgraftfunction.UrologicaIcomplicationswerenorecurrenceoversixmonthsfollowedup

CONCLUSIONS:Ureteroureterostomyisasafewayofuri

naryrecOnstruction.1tcanbereg

ardedasthefirstoptioninanuric

uremiarecipientswithagreaterpossibilityofresolvingaureteralobstructionwithendourologyandnoriskofreflux.

NieZL,LiQS,JinFS,ZhangKQ,ZhuFQ,HuoWQ.Applicationofureteroureterostomyinurinaryreconstructionaft

er

kid

ney

transplantationZhongguoZuzhiGongchengYanjiuyu

LinchuangKangfu.2009;13(181:34333436

【http://www.crtercnhttp://en.zglckf.com

摘要背景:肾移植后尿路并发症的发生与尿路重建方式的选择有关,移植肾输尿管自体输尿管吻合能否取代输尿管膀胱吻合成

为尿路重建方式的首选目前仍有争论。

目的:回顾性分析肾移植中移植肾输尿管自体输尿管吻合后尿路并发症发生及处理情况,探索移植肾输尿管自体输尿管

吻合成为首选肾移植尿路重建方式的可行

设计、时间及地点:回顾性病例分析,于199312/200704在解放军第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所泌尿外科完成

参试者:选取同期进行同种异体肾移植受者,且尿路重建方式

采用移植肾输尿管一自体输尿管吻合方式275例

方法:受者输尿管近端结扎,远端输尿管导管探查通畅后,修剪供肾输尿管及受者输尿

管吻合端成袖口状,供肾输尿管放

置一根

6F

r双J

管,上至供肾肾盂,下至膀胱。移植过程中均常规放置尿管

,移植后第7天拨除尿管,第8天拨除双J管

抗生素均使用第二代头孢菌素,疗程

5d

主要观察指标:总结受者移植后常见尿路并

发症尿瘘、输尿管梗阻、膀胱输尿管返流的发生及处理情况

结果:共发生17例次尿路并发症,其中尿瘘4例,3例经保守治疗治愈,1例再次手术治愈,输尿管梗阻13

例次

,其中

早期梗阻4例,包括2例移植肾周血肿压迫,手

术清除血肿后治愈,1例为支架管血凝块堵塞,更换支架管后治愈,1例为

小结石,体外冲击波碎石治愈。9例为后期梗阻,其中6例为吻合口狭窄,采用输尿管镜下冷刀切开、球囊扩张治愈

。3例

为输尿管结石,经内镜下激光碎石治愈。无膀胱输尿管返流发生。所有患者处理后,尿量及。肾功均得到恢复,各种并发症随访6个月以上无复发。

结论:移植肾输尿管自体输尿管吻合是一种安全的尿路重建方式,发生的输尿管梗阻

大都能通过内镜得到有效处理

,无

胱输尿管返流发生风险,有可能作为无尿型尿毒症患者肾移植尿路重建方式的首选。

关键词:肾移植;尿路重建;输尿管输尿管吻合;并发症

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673—8225.2009.18.007

Departmentof

Urology,Researc

h

InstituteofField

Surgery,Daping

Hospital.theTh

lrd

MilitaryMedicalUniversityofChi

nese

PLAChongqing

400042,Chi

na

NjeZh川n☆.Dootor

Attendingphysician

Departmentof

Urology,ResearchInstituteo

fField

SurgeryDap

i

ng

Hospital.theThirdMilitaryMedical

UniversityofChi

nese

PLAChong

qing

400042,China

niezhilin@163com

ReceIved:20081119AcceDted:2008󰀀1220

解放军第三军医

大学大

坪医院野

战外科研究所泌

尿外科,重庆市400042

聂志林☆

,男

1971年生,河北

省昌

,汉

族,2006

年解放

军第三军医大学毕业,博士

,主

医生,主

要从

事移

植免疫及肿瘤治

疗方面的研究。

niezhilin@163com

Ir图分类号:R318

文献标识码:A

文学编号:1673—8225

(200e)~80343304

聂志林,李黔生,靳风烁,张克勤,朱方强,霍文谦.输尿管输尿管吻合在肾移植尿路重建中的应用【J】.中国组织工

程研

巷誓:

2

2

D00088_1211.21

与临床康复,2009,13(18):34333436.[http:/1www.otter.orghttp://cn.zglckf.com](20081119021/D