【优质】上海市黄浦区2019届高三二模英语听力文字稿

Ⅱ.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Is Hothouse Earth AvoidableNearly 50 years ago, the Club of Rome's report “Limits to Growth”warned that if economic growth continued fast without regard for the environment, the world could face ecological and economic collapse in the twenty-first century. Yet that is essentially (21) ________ has happened.As new research for the Club of Rome shows --- and the latest report from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states --- the world (22) ________ well be headed towards disaster.Many wrongly (23) ________ (interpret) the “Limits to Growth”as an stack on uncontrolled economic expansion. In fact, the report argued that (24) ________ the unlimited-growth pathwaywas chosen, it would require complementary policies (including funding) (25) ________ (preserve) the planet's limited life-support systems.This argument (26) ________ (ignore). Instead, the world has continued to pursue fast growth, without regard for the environmental consequences. This has enabled us to make enormous progress in reducing poverty, increasing longevity, and increasing wealth. (27) ________ it has come at ahigh cost to the formation of the society and the restoration of the planet.As scientists have conclusively shown, in the last decade, we have entered a new geological ear, the Anthropocene, in which human activity –in particular, economic activity --- has been the dominant factor (28) ________ (influence) Earth's climate and environment. In the Anthropocene,our planet's life-support system is changing faster than ever.Climate change now represents a clear and present danger. If our planet becomes just 2℃Warner than pre-industrial temperatures, we may be placed irreversibly on the path toward “Hothouse Earth”--- a situation (29)_______ temperatures are many degrees warmer than today, sea levels are considerably higher, and extreme weather events are (30) _______ (common) --- and more destructive --- than ever.Section BComplete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beDirections:used once. Note that there in one word more than you need.A. processedB. increasingC. applicationsD. typingE. interpretingF. reflectedG. injectedH. transformingI. connectionsJ. remarkable K. superhumanThe Next frontier: Using Thought to Control MachinesTechnologies are often billed as transformative. For William Kochevar, the term is justified. Mr. Kochevar is paralysed below the shoulders after a cycling accident, yet has managed to feed himself by his own hand. This 31 progress is partly thanks to electrodes, implanted in his right arm, which stimulate muscles. But the real magic lies higher up. Mr. Kochevar can control his arm usingthe power of thought. His intention to move is 32 in neural （神经的）activity in his motor region; these signals are detected by implants in his brain and 33 into commands to activatethe electrodes in his arms.An ability to decode thought in this way may sound like science fiction. But brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) like the BrainGate system used by Mr. Kochevar provide evidence thatmind-control can work. Researchers are able to tell what words and images people have heard and seen from neural activity alone. Information can also be encoded and used to stimulate the brain.Over 300,000 people have cochlear（耳蜗的）implants, which help them to hear by 34 soundinto electrical signals and sending them into the brain. Scientists have “35 “data into monkeysheads, instructing them to perform actions via electrical pulses.As our Technology Quarterly in this issue explains, the pace of research into BCIs and the scale of its ambition are 36 . Both America's armed forces and Silicon Valley are starting to focus on the brain. Facebook dreams of thought-to-text 37 . Kernel, a startup, has $100m to spend on neuroethology. Elon Musk has formed a firm called Neuralink; he thinks that, if humanity is to survive the arrival of artificial intelligence, it needs an upgrade. Entrepreneurs imagine a world in which people can communicate using thoughts, with each other and with machines, or acquire 38 abilities, such as hearing at very high frequencies.These powers if they ever materialize, are decades away. But well before then, BCIs couldopen the door to wonderful new 39 . Imagine stimulating the visual region to help the blind, making new neural 40 in stroke victims or monitoring the brain for sighs of depression. By turning the firing of neurons into a resource to be used, BCIs may change the idea of what it meansto be human.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, Cand D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How comfortable are you around water Are you a strong swimmer or do you struggle to keep your head above water Are you comfortable venturing into the deeper water or do you prefer tomove into shallow water where the bottom is 41Most people expose themselves to water and swimming situations according to their 42levels of skill and comfort. The same might be true as you assess your comfort level with different academic environments 43 a good college “fit”. Just as you might study a body of water tofigure out its temperature, depth and current before venturing in, you need to 44 the difficulties,pace and depth of an academic environment --- and your ability to keep your “head above water”if admitted --- before deciding to apply.When looking at academic difficulties as a(n) 45 of “fit”, you are likely to find that you have the capacity to “get the job done”academically in a range of college environments. 46 ,you are not likely to have difficulty with the “water”itself. You will fit best, however, at colleges and universities where your ability and preparation enable you to rise to new levels of 47 .Your goal should be to find academic environments where your levels of ability and preparation will enable you to achieve well as you stretch yourself 48 . These places represent appropriate“bodies of water”for you academically.The best 49 of comprehension regarding your preparedness to meet the academicrequirements of various colleges and universities are your high school teachers. Because they are very familiar with your capabilities, your teachers can offer 50 help in identifying the collegeswhere you will find the best academic programs for you.Assuming you are able to find appropriate environments academically, you then need to assess the 51 of your school reports for admission to those colleges. How does your academic record(grades and test scores) pile up against those of other students who will be 52 , most (about90%) of whom are just like you in that they can do the work tooYou need to be honest in 53 this part of the picture, especially if you are consideringcolleges that can be highly selective and tend to admit very small percentages of the students who apply. A lot of students get in over their heads competitively when they fail to consider the real odds of gaining admission. While you might feel you are a 54 candidate at schools that can be verychoosy, the reality is that you need to be in the top 25 percent of applicant pools at such schools to have a fighting chance of being admitted. By the way, you don't 55 your chances of getting intoat least one such school by applying to a dozen of them!D. differentC. visible B. mysterious 41. A. tough42. A. explosive B. respective C. potential D. reasonable43. A. on behalf of B. in the place of C. in case of D. in search of44. A. observe B. overcome C. investigate D. complete45. A. indication B. implication C. innovation D. intention46. A. In addition B. In other words C. By comparison D. By contrast47. A. continent B. contribution C. influentially D. intellectually48. A. considerately B. traditionally C. influentially D. intellectually49. A. sources B. origins C. concerns D. demands50. A. continuous B. invaluable C. powerless D. unforgettable51. A. reliability B. alternative C. competitiveness D. recommendation52. A. applying B. considering C. comparing D. persisting53. A. appreciating B. assessing C. presenting D. comprehending54. A. flexible B. positive C. feasible D. progressive55. A. grasp B. change C. create D. increaseSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)In 1888 an Egyptian farmer digging in the sand near the village of Istabl Antar uncovered a mass grave. The bodies weren't human. They were feline --- ancient cats that had been mummified （木乃伊化的）and buried in holes in astonishing numbers. “Not one or two here and there”, reported English Illustrated Magazine, “but dozens, hundreds, hundreds of thousands, a layer of them, a layer thicker than most coal joints, then to twenty cats deep.”Some of the linen-wrapped cats still looked presentable, and a few even had golden faces. Village children peddled the best ones to tourist for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer. One ship transported about 180,000, weighing some 38,000 pounds, to Liverpool to be spread on the fields of England.Those were the days of generously funded explorations—that dragged through acres of desertin their quest for royal tombs, and for splendid gold and painted masks to decorate the estates and museums of Europe and America. The many thousands of mummified animals that turned up at religious sites throughout Egypt were just things to be cleared away to get at the good stuff. Few people studied them, and their importance was generally unrecognized.In the century since then, archaeology has become less of a treasure hunt and more of a science. Archaeologists now realize that much of their sites' wealth lies in the majority of details about ordinary folks—what they did, what they thought, how they prayed. And animal mummies are a big part of that.“They're really displays of daily life,”says Egyptologist Salima Ikram. After peering beneath bandages with x-rays and cataloguing her findings, she created a gallery for the collection --- a bridge between people today and those of long ago. “You look at these mummified animals, and suddenly you say, Oh, King So-and-So had a pet. I have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us.”56. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “peddled”(paragraph 1)A. modernizedB. displayedC. illustratedD. demonstrated57. Why was archaeology once referred to as a “treasure hunt”(paragraph 3)A. In the royal tombs, there were many treasures made of silver and gold.B. Animal mummies could be made into fertilizer which is very valuable.C. It was hard to find animal mummies since they were buried under dirt.D. People sought the remains of ancient Egypt merely for their material value.58. Which of the following is TRUE about Salima IkramA. She wishes to establish the continuity of pets over history.B. She believes that studying the remains can help modern society relate to the past.C. She wants to identify the King's personal belongings and classify them.D. She doubts if current society will understand the significance of Egyptian remains.59. This article probably encourages the readers to _______.A. value the past by studying the remains left behind by our ancestorsB. make full use of the remains our ancestors have left behindC. understand that animal mummies are more important than gold and masksD. become more sensitive to the ancient lifestyle of our ancestors(B)Stocky, slow-moving whale, rarely grows beyond 15 metres in lengthFlippers are a third of body length; variable dorsal fin size and shape; saw-toothed trailing edgeon flukes, often raised when divingBumpy tubercles on top of headBody colour is dark brown to black; often extensive white on flippers and underside of bodyand flukes; such patterns enable individual recognitionBushy blow, occasionally V-shaped270-400 olive baleen platesHumpback whales belong to the rorqual (groove-throated ) family,which includes fin, sei, Bryde's, minke and blue whales. The big family migrate between winter tropical breeding areas (North West Shelf, Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiii, Tonga) and summer Antarctic feeding areas. Once common in New Zealand waters, humpbacks are now rarely seen and may migrate further offshore. Males compete for mates either by physical fight or by song. Females give birth to their young every two to three years; some non-breeding females probably remain in the southern waters during winter. Young humpback whales return to their area of birth but in later life some wander between breeding areas. Humpbacks eat small shrimps and other schooling prey, suchas fish, forming small, cooperative groups of two to three individuals to feed.Similar species: Easily identifiable due to a ‘hump' back when submerging, but at a distancemay be confused with other species that raise their flukes when diving , such as sperm, right andblue whales.Protection status: Recovering well from past whaling and now numerous in some former migration and aggregation areas, rarely seen in others.60. Which of the following is TRUE about humpback whalesA. Their long flippers vary in length, size and shape like dorsal fin.B. They are large and likely to grow longer than 15 metres.C. The different colors and patterns of the body help to be recognized.D. Their bumpy tubercles and blowholes are on both sides of head.61. Which of the following can be inferred from this article's description of humpback whales' migrationA. They need warmer waters to breed.B. They can't survive in extreme cold.C. They find plentiful food in tropical waters.D. They are mostly hunted in New Zealand water.62. This article is mainly intended to _______.A. explain why humpbacks are still hunted in some parts of the worldB. introduce how humpbacks migrate through some dangerous watersC. popularize the basic knowledge of humpbacks and call for protectionD. help distinguish humpbacks from other similar species(C)Right now, I am looking at a shelf full of relics, a collection of has-beens, old-times, antiques, fossils. Right now, I am looking at a shelf full of books. Yes, that's tight. If you have some spare cash (the going rate is about $89) and you are looking to enhance your reading experience, then I highly suggest you consider purchasing an e-reader. E-readers are replacing the books of old and I welcome them with open arms (as you should).An e-reader is a device that allows you to read e-book is a book-length publication in digital form, consisting of text, images or both, and produced on ,published through and readable on computers or other electronic devices. Sometimes the equivalent of a conventional printed book,e-books can also be born digital. The oxford Dictionary of English defines the b-book as “an electronic version of a printed book”, but e-book can and to exist without any printed equivalent.E-readers put printed books to shame. E-readers are superior to printed books because they save space, are environmentally friendly and provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not.The average e-reader can store thousands of digital books, providing a genuine library at your fingertips. What is more, the e-reader itself is very small. It is easy to hold and can fit in a pocketbook or briefcase easily. This makes handling wooden giant such as War and Peace and Anna Karenina a breeze. Perhaps the only drawback to the space-saving aspect of an e-reader is that it requires you to find new things to put on your shelves.In addition, e-readers are environmentally friendly. The average novel is about 300 pages long. So, if a novel is printed 1000 times, is will use 300,000 pieces of paper. That's a lot of paper! And for the super bestsellers, these figures increase dramatically. For example, the Harry Potter book series has sold over 450 million copies. That's about 2 million trees! Upon viewing these figures, it is not hard to grasp the severe impact of printed books on the environment. Since e-readers use no trees, they represent a significant amount of preservation in terms of the environment and its resources.Finally, e-readers provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not. The typical e-reader allows its user to adjust letter size, letterform and line spacing. It also allows highlighting and electronic bookmarking.Furthermore, it grants users the ability to get an overview of a book and then jump to specific location based on that overview. While these are all nice features, perhaps the most helpful of all is the ability to get dictionary definitions at the touch of a finger. On even the most basic e-reader, users can find instant definitions without having to hunt through a physical dictionary.It can be seen that e-readers are superior to printed books. They save space, are environmentally friendly and provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not. So what good are printed books Well, they certainly make nice decorations.63. As used in paragraph 1, it can be inferred that “has-beens, old-times, antiques, fossils”are allwords that describe something_______.A. outdatedB. typicalC. meaningfulD. useless64. Based on information in the passage, it can be inferred that printed books of War and Peace and Anna Karenina are all_______.A. superior and dramaticB. dense and environmentalC. awkward and heavyD. significant and resistant65. According to the author, which of the following reading tips and tools are offered by the e-reader1. line spacing customization2. the ability to quickly jump to the end of a book3. access to a printed dictionary at the touch of a fingerA. 1 and 2 onlyB. 1 and 3 onlyC. 2 and 3 onlyD. 1, 2 and 366. Which of the following sentences from the passage best summarizes the author's main pointA. “If you have some spare cash (the going rate is about $89) and are looking to enhance your reading experience, then I highly suggest you consider purchasing an e-reader.”B. “E-reader are replacing the books of old, and I welcome them with open arms (as you should).”C. “An e-reader is a device that allows you to read e-books. An e-book is a book-length publication in digital form, consisting of text, images, or both, and produced on, published through, and readable on computers or other electronic devices.”D. “E- readers are superior to printed books because they save space, are environmentally friendly, and provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not.”Section CDirections: Read the following passage, Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. This phenomenon is often missing from development projects promoted as green or sustainable.B. This phenomenon has variously been called environmental, eco-or green gentrification.C. Greening and environmental cleanup do not automatically or necessarily lead to gentrification.D. This creates pressure to rezone industrial land for residential towers or profitable commercial space, in exchange for developer-funder cleanup.E. But it can drive up real estate prices and displace low- and middle –income residents.F. Environmental gentrification naturalizes the disappearance of manufacturing and the working class.Sustainable Cities Need More Than Parks, Cafes and a Riverwalk There are many standards that aim to rank how green cities are. But what does it actually mean for a city to be green or sustainableWe've written about what we call the “Parks, cages and a Riverwalk”model of sustainability,which focuses on providing new green spaces, mainly for high-income people. This vision of shiny residential towers and waterfront parks has become a widely-shared conception of what green cities should look like. 67Gentrification （住宅高档化）has become a catch-all term used to describe neighborhood change, and is often misunderstood as the only path to neighborhood improvement. In fact, itsdefining feature is displacement. Typically, people who move into these changing neighborhoodsare wealthier and more educated than residents who are displaced.A recent flood of new research has focused on the displacement effects of environmental cleanup and green space initiatives. 68Land for new development and resources to fund extensive cleanup of poisonous sites are scarce in many cities, 69 And in neighborhoods where gentrification has already begun, a new park or farmers market can worsen the problem by making the area even more attractive to potential high-income people and pricing out long-term residents. In some cases, developers even create temporary community gardens or farmers markets or promise more green space than they eventually deliver, in order to market a neighborhood to buyers looking for green pleasantness.70 It makes deindustrialization seem both inevitable and desirable, often by quite literally replacing industry with more natural-looking landscapes. When these neighborhoods are finally cleaned up, after years of activism by longtime residents, those advocates often are unable to stay and enjoy the benefits of their efforts.Ⅳ. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of thepassage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.DesertificationDesertification is one of the world's most alarming processes of environmental degradation （退化）. The issue is often unclear, however, by a common misperception: that it's a “natural”problem of advancing deserts in faraway developing countries. In fact, desertification is about land degradation: the loss of the land's biological productivity, caused by man-made factors and climate change.Each year, desertification and drought cause an estimated $42 billion in lost agricultural production. The risks of desertification are sufficient and clear. It contributes to food insecurity, hunger and poverty, and can give rise to social, economic and political tensions that can cause conflicts, further poverty and land degradation. The great urgency of this challenge led the UnitedNations General Assembly to state 2006 to be the International Year of Deserts and Desertification (IYDD). It is a strong reminder of the urgent need to address the far-reaching implications of this problem. United Nations General Secretary recently summarizes in this way: “I look forward to working with Governments, civil sociery, the private section, international organizations and others to focus attention on this crucial issue, and to reverse the trend of desertification and set the world on a safer, more sustainable path of development.and across strongly to golden opportunity get the message The IYDD also presents a effectively that desertification is a global problem which we ignore at our risk. It is important to recognize that dry-lands are home to some of the most magnificent ecosystems of this world. These ique natural habitats have been home to some of the world's oldest civilizations. They stand like unthe celebrate Year will therefore also bygone open-air museums, bearing witness to eras. Thedelicate beauty and unique inheritance of the world's deserts.. TranslationⅤDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets (foundation)72. 公众捐助为灾民们重建家园奠定了基础。

2019-2020学年上海市黄浦学校高三英语二模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AExperts say that if food were a country, it would rank second behind theUSas one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters. The reason is the rising demand for meat. Animal farming is responsible for 14.5 percent of global methane emissions. While cowsare the worst contributors, pigs, sheep, donkeys and other animals play a part as well.Animal agriculture also causes land to become damaged, water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed. With the world population forecast to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050, things are only looking worse for our already decreasing natural resources. While going vegetarian would help, meat consumption is too deep-rooted in most Western diets to allow for such a sharp, permanent change. That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef, chicken, or pork with ordinary insects!Insects, which grow into adults within a matter of months, if not weeks, are ready for consumption much faster than domestic animals. They also require much less room, use less water and food, and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals.Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide, scientists have identified 1,700 as eatable. Among them are ants, grasshoppers, grubs, and earthworms. Just like animals, each insect has a different taste. Tree worms taste just like pork, and grubs are similar to smoked meat.While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people, over 2 billion people worldwide consume insects as a regular part of their diet. Besides being delicious, insects are high in protein, have very few calories, and are free of the saturated fat found in animal meat. Insects can be prepared in many ways. Creative cooks can use them to cook protein-rich soup, make baked treats, and even fry a few with vegetables. So eat insects--- both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it!1. Which of the following animals contribute the most to global methane emissions?A. Sheep.B. Donkeys.C. Cows.D. Pigs.2. How is the third paragraph developed?A. By making comparisons.B. By providing examples.C. By listing data.D. By asking questions.3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Few people eat insects regularly.B. Ordinary insects are high in fat.C. Insects contain various vitamins.D. Saturated fat is harmful to health.BPeggy Whitson's job demands a daily two­hour workout in a gym where weight has no meaning and the view changes at 17,000 miles an hour.Whitson makes it look easy. At 57, she is the oldest woman to fly in space, breaking the record last November, 2016, when she began her third long­term stay at the International Space Station. After returning home in September, 2017, the NASA astronaut feltmatter­-of­-factabout the age milestone.“It wasn't a record I was seeking for,” Whitson said. “I was 42 and 48 for my first two space flights. I feel lucky that I was able to get to do another one in my 50s. I don't think people should let age discourage them, even on those jobs that require some amount of physical fitness. The oldest man is John Glenn (at 77), and we've had male astronauts in their 60s before, so it's just a matter of time before women start flying in space at this age”.On the earth, she stays fit by weightlifting, biking, playing basketball and water skiing. She shared what it's like to live in microgravity: “It's like you're in a swimming pool, but you don't have to worry about breathing. If I push off from one side, I'm going to float to the other side. Every direction feels exactly the same, which is really hard for your brain to grasp, but it's amazing how fast you adapt.It's a big shock for the body to come back to Earth—everything is so heavy. We spend a lot of time getting used to being back in gravity again. Back pain was really the most dramatic for me this time. For me, coming home is harder than going up into space.”4. How long did Peggy Whitson spend for her third stay in the International Space Station?A. About 300 days.B. About 708 days.C. About 107 days.D. About57 days.5. What does the underlined word probably mean in the passage?A. Amazing.B. Not surprising.C. Enthusiastic.D. Unbelievable.6. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Peggy Whitson likes swimming most.B. Peggy Whitson is the oldest person to fly in space.C. Peggy Whitson had been in space in 2002 and 2008.D. There had been female astronauts over 60s flying in space before.7. Which of the following will Peggy Whitson probably say?A. You can still be successful and do physical things when old.B. I spent quite a lot of time getting used to the life in space.C. The moment we reached the earth, we felt so relaxed.D. I feel lucky that I am physically well after the whole journey.CLast summer, Maria and her mother moved from their house in the countryside to a flat building in Chicago. Maria really liked some things about the city, but she missed her house and yard in the countryside.One day, Maria was in her flat building when she noticed her neighbor, Mrs. Garcia, carrying a gardening tool and a bag of soil. Maria wondered how Mrs. Garcia was able to garden in the city.“My mom used to grow the most delicious vegetables, and I know she misses her garden now that we don’t have a yard,” said Maria.Mrs. Garcia laughed. “I’ll show you,” she said.Maria thought that Mrs. Garcia would take her to the park, but she took her to the roof. When the door opened, Maria was surprised to see rows of flowers and vegetables on the roof.“What a wonderful garden!” said Maria.Mrs. Garcia told Maria that for a long time the roof was just an empty space. Then some of the people in the building asked the owners to turn it into a community garden. The building owners liked the idea because the plants not only helped to keep the air clean, but they also helped to keep the building cooler during warmer weather.“I plant flowers in my own place,” Mrs. Garcia said, “but you would be surprised by how different the plants are up here. Some people grow vegetables just like your mom. You can do some of the same things in the city as in the countryside. You just have to be creative!”8. Where did Mrs. Garcia take Maria to one day?A. The park.B. The roof.C. The garden in front of her house.D. The countryside.9. Which of the following is NOT the good side of the community garden?A. It made the building stronger.B. It helped keep the air clean.C. It helped keep the building cooler.D. It used the empty space well.10. After Maria visited the garden, she would most probably ask her mom to ________.A. go back to the countrysideB. pick flowers from the gardenC show her around the park D. grow vegetables on the roof11. What is the best title for this passage?A. A Creative LadyB. An Empty RoofC. A Rooftop GardenD. A Special BuildingDWhen Alex Linwas 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies and people.Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN-the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose(处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a Survey and found only one in eight know what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to retrofit (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Lawswould have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.”12. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?A. The littering of e-waste.B. The recycling of plastic.C. The change of environment.D. At 11 p.m. on Monday.13. What did Alex do to start the project?A. Set up WIN.B. Collect information.C. Ask friends for help.D. The overuse of old computer.14. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?A. Traditional.B. Competitive.C. Scientific.D. Convenient.15. What message does the story convey?A. There is no end to perfection.B. success comes through failure.C. Every positive attitude has a reward.D. young people can make a big difference.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019年上海市黄浦区格致中学高考英语二模试卷1. A Venturing PilotCharles Lindberg born in December Michigan was raised on a farm in Minnesota，where his father（1）______（elect）to the U．S．Congress in 1907．From then on，he spent his boyhood alternatively in Washington D．C．，and Little Falls，Minnesota．（2）______ Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent，in 1921，he was admitted to the University of Wisconsin to study engineering．（3）______（seek）more challenges，he left university before graduation and became a pilot，who performed exciting flight show at country fairs and public assemblies．This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off so greatly in the sense that it allowed him to gain all-round experience inflying．He was particularly delighted in（4）______ he called "wing-walking" andparachute jumping．（5）______（train）in air service for a year，Lindberg completed his program at the Brooks and Kelly airfields at the top of his class．He was offered a job in RobertsonAircraft Corporation of St．Louis in Missouri where he retained his job （6）______ 1927，running the routes between St．Louis and Chicago．During this period，he set out to win the Raymond B，Orteig prize of $25，000 to be awarded to the first pilot （7）______（fly）nonstop from New York to Paris．He knew this ambitious flight（8）______（change）his life．On board the greatest adventure of his time，Lindberg left Roosevelt Airport at 5：52 a．m．on May 20，1927 and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5：24 p．m．the next day．Fearing that he would be unknown when he arrived，Lindberg carried letters of introduction to the officials in Paris，but when his plane came to a stop，he found himself （9）______（crowd）with welcoming people．He was decorated in France，Great Britain，and Belgium．President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser，the Memphis to bring him back．His accomplishments in flying brought（10）______ more medals and awards that had ever been received than any other person in private life．Is Boasting Good or Bad Business？Sweden is one of the most creative countries in the world，yet has a culture that warns against boasting about its success in public．And is this (1) manner a help or an obstacle when it comes to start-up？From household names such as Spotify and Skype，to gaming leaders King and Mojang，Sweden is a land of (2) for industrial changes and new products．Despite just 10 million(3) occupying a land mass largely defined by forest wildness，the nation has in recentyears created billion-dollar companies per head than everywhere else outside SiliconValley．The more familiar narrative for Sweden's start-up success story typically includes thefollowing factors．It has strong digital facilities，a highly educated，tech-experienced workforce，and an ideal population size for testing innovations．And for those whose ideas are not in line，there is a strong social welfare (4) to set them back on their feet．While Ingvar Kamprad，founder of Ikea，has emphasized his being modest andeconomical in his attitude，research is always at the heart of Ikea's (5) ．These firm-held cultural features have (6) the attention worldwide．Local and global observers areadmiring their constant role in promoting Sweden's lively economy．"Trying to keep boasting to a (7) and finding a common ground so that everybody is on the same page" remain to be two of the most spreading practice in the Swedish workforce，says Lola Akinmade Akerstrom，a cultural commentator，who (8) this in her recent book Lagorm：The Swedish Secret of Living Well．Rather than focus on a rock star's or a CEO's "killing it" ，in Swedish business ："It's about everybody getting together，making sure their voices are heard (9) ，so that they can all reach a most desirable solution together，" she says．This culture has its roots in what Swedes call "Jantelagen"，which describes a century-old tradition that discourages unnecessary (10) of wealth or success．In other words，nobody should consider themselves better than anyone else．The novelist's medium is the written word．One might almost say the(3)world．Typically the novel is consumed by a silent，individual reader，who may be anywhere at the time．Thepaperback novel is still the cheapest，most portable and adaptable form of (4) entertainment．It is limited to a single channel of information-(5)．The narrative can go，effortlessly，anywhere，into space，people's head，palaces，prisons and pyramids without any consideration of cost or practical possibility．In determining the shape and content of his narrative，the writer is restricted by nothing except purely artistic criteria （标准）．The novelist keeps absolute control over his text until it is published and received by the audience．He may be advised by his editor to revise his (6)，but if the writer refused to meet this condition，no one would be surprised．It is not unknown for a well-established novelist to deliver his or her manuscript and expect the publisher to print it(7)as written．However，not even the most well-established playwright or screenplay writer would submit （提交）a script and expect it to be(8) without any rewriting．This is because plays and motion pictures are cooperative forms of narrative，using more than one channel of (9)．The production of a stage play involves，as well as the(10)of the author，the physical presence of the actors，their voices and gestures，the "set" and possibly music．Although the script play is the essential part of both play and film，it is a(11) for subsequent revision negotiated between the writer and other creative people involved．They're given "approval" of the choice of a director and actors and have the right to attend(12)，during which period they may undertake more(13) work．In the case of screenplay，the writer may have little or no control over the final form of his work．Contracts for the production of plays protect the rights of(14) in this respect．In film or television work，on the other hand，the screenplay has no(15) rights to this degree of consultation．While the script is going through its various(16)，the writer is in the driver's seat，although sometimes receiving criticism from the producer and the director．But once the production is under way，artistic control over the project tends to pass to the director．This is a fact overlooked by most journalistic critics of television drama，who tend to give all the(17) or blame for success or failure of a production to the writer and actors，ignoring the contribution，for good and ill of the director．2. A. old-fashioned B. fixed C. presented D. printed3. A. social B. narrative C. favorite D. easy4. A. sourcing B. surfing C. writing D. receiving5. A. text B. publication C. ambition D. attitude6. A. simply B. eventually C. freely D. exactly7. A. performed B. approved C. covered D. continued8. A. information B. approach C. setting D. communication9. A. fame B. words C. presence D. rights10. A. basis B. reference C. plan D. rule11. A. assemblies B. performances C. rehearsals D. negotiations12. A. recording B. evolving C. bargaining D. training13. A. actors B. directors C. audiences D. authors14. A. procedural B. personal C. contractual D. equal15. A. drafts B. arrangements C. additions D. definitions16. A. hope B. work C. credit D. profitDCalled "the man who shaped America" and "the father of modern industrial design" ，Raymond Loewy must be one of the most influential designers of all time．He revolutionized the industry，working as a consultant for more than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators，from cars to the interiors of spacecraft．Loewy's design all had one thing in common．They were shaped by the MAYA principle - Most Advanced Yet Acceptable．His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the solutions are too different from current designs．After a short period as a fashion illustrator，Loewy started his career in industrial design in 1929 by re-designing a copying machine for the British manufacturer，Sigmund Gestetner．The 28-year-old designer completed the task in three days and the design of the machine lasted for the next 40 years．The Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining （流线型）．He described this as "beauty through function and simplification"．He spent the next 50 years streamlining everything from postage stamps and company logos to the interiors of stores．The famous Greyhound bus and Studebaker car show his use of streamlining in action．He is perhaps most famous for his re-design of the Lucky Strike packaging．In 1940 ，the President of the Lucky Strike Manufacturing Company，George Washington Hill，bet Loewy 美元50，000 that he could not improve the appearance of the green and red Lucky Strike．Loewy accepted the challenge．He changed the background of the packet from green to white．Then he put the red lucky strike target on both sides of the packet．This made itmore eye-catching and greatly increased sales．It is now recognized as a design classic．Loewy's logo design aimed at "Visual retention"．He wanted to make sure that anyone who saw the logo，even for a short while，would never forget it．He designed many highly visible logos for famous companies such as Shell Oil ，Exxon，Greyhound and Nabisco．By the mid-20th century，his industrial design firm was so famous that he could say "the average person，leading a normal life…is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things，service or structure" designed by his firm．17.Loewy's biggest influence was in ______ ．A. completely changing the design industryB. successfully shaping Americans' tasteC. changing people's idea about designD. building a professional design team18.Loewy's designs were based on the idea of ______ ．A. providing most immediately recognizable designsB. providing completely different designsC. speeding up the design processD. offering original but not revolutionary answers to problems19.Loewy's logo designs aimed at ______ ．A. making the companies well knownB. bringing freshness for a short whileC. attracting people to the companies' historyD. making company symbols very memorable20.What can we infer from the last paragraph？______A. Loewy provided service to ordinary people．B. Loewy's designs were famous and influential．C. Loewy's design firms existed all over the world．D. Loewy was welcomed and respected by the public．EA familiar voice is just few digits away from you．Whether you prefer high-tech options or more traditional landlines，there are affordable way to call home when you travel abroad，even if you don't carry an internationally-capable cellphone．Repaid Calling CardsRepaid calling cards provide the ultimate in flexibility：they can be used from most locations，including pay phones，cell phones and landlines．But not all calling cards are equal，especially overseas．Compare the rate options associated with different cards，whether you buy them before you travel or on the road．Some charge a pre-connection fee as well as a per minute fee，for example．Callback ServiceAs the name suggests，these services call you and then place your call at cheaper rates．You initiate the call by dialing a "trigger number -a connection to the call-back service's computers．Let the call ring once and then hang up．The computer calls you back from the United States using lower international rates and makes the connection after verifying your account number．Often cheaper than direct-dial calls，but the services may not work at hotels，where staff may not accept the return calls．The service is welcome to those who make lots of international calls．Voice Over Internet Protocol （VoIP）VoIP works by digitalizing your voice and sending it via the Internet to the person you're calling，who hears it on his PC speakers，or by routing it through regular telephone lines to anyone's standard phone line．VoIP services generally work best with a broadband or wireless Internet connection and can be used from hotel rooms，Internet cafes or wireless hot spots if you have a notebook computer．Since most calls use the Internet，and connections into and out of the Internet are typically local calls，the rates are astonishing low．21.According to the passage，if computer technology is not available，travelers are advisedto call by ______ ．A. landlineB. repaid calling cardC. callback serviceD. pay phone22.What is focused on in the callback service？______A. Making a phone call as brief as possible．B. Taking advantage of the hotel phone call service．C. Saving on calls by calling from home．D. Using the bank account for call pay in any country．23.The passage is mainly intended to ______ ．A. offer tips to travelers on how to call home for lessB. help travelers find the easiest way to call back homeC. introduce the optional approaches to family connectionD. advise travelers to call home through broadband or wireless InternetFTourism is a leisure activity，whose prework means just the opposite．Acting as a tourist is one of the clear characteristics of being "modern" and the popular concept of tourism is that，it is organized within particular place and occurs for a period of time，which is arranged beforehand．Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people to，and their stay in，various destinations．This necessarily involves some movement，that is the journey，and a period of stay in a new place or places．The journey and the stay are by definition outside the normal places，of residence and work，and are of a short-term and temporary nature，and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively short period of time．Modern societies engage in such tourist practices．New socialized forms of transportation and hotel facilities have developed in order to cope with the mass character of the gazes of tourists，as opposed to the individual character of travel．Places are chosen to be visited and be gazed upon because there is an anticipation （期望）especially through daydreaming and fantasy of intense pleasures，either on a different scale or involving different senses from those who have been there．Such anticipation is also constructed and stays through a variety of non-tourist practices，such as films，TV，literature，magazines，records and videos which construct and reinforce this daydreaming．Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townscape which separate them off from everyday experience．Such aspects are viewed because they are thought to be in some sense out of the ordinary．The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life．People hang around these sights in a way that they would not normally do in their home environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs，postcards films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced and recaptured．One of the earliest research paper on the subject of tourism is Boorstin's analysis of the "pseudo-event" （1964）where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot experience "reality" directly but are happy with "pseudo-events"．Isolated from the host environment and the local people，the mass tourist travels in guided groups and finds pleasure in fake orman-made attractions，and is cheated into enjoying the pseudo-events and disregarding the real world outside．Over time the images generated of different tourist sights lead to a closed self- perpetuating（自我延续的）system of a false belief that provides the tourist with the basis for selecting or deciding potential places to visit．Such visits are made，says Boorstin，within the "environmental bubble" of the familiar American style hotel which keeps the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment．24.In the 1st paragraph，the author wants to say that before you travel to a new place ______ ．A. making a careful travel plan is necessaryB. planning travel involves time and thoughtC. getting travel tips from your friends may save timeD. choosing unusual tourist attractions makes a trip memorable25.The sentence "the viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of socialpatterning" in the 3rd paragraph means ______ ．A. traveling to an unfamiliar place is a pleasant change from everyday routineB. new environmental scenes in a different place will become more attractiveC. tourists should find the native people and share with them ideas and experienceD. travelling is to see landmarks and discover unknown ways of life and values26.We can infer from the last paragraph that ______ ．A. when travelling，many tourists will miss their homes and friendsB. visiting popular tourist attractions is only a waste of timeC. the virtue of travel is to interact with a culture different from your ownD. American tourists like to visit familiar places when they travel outside27.Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage？______A. Tourism，an Outlook on Different LifeB. Tourism，a Direct Hug of NatureC. Tourism，a New Relation to Familiar SightsD. Tourism，a False Belief about the WorldA scheme was first put forward recently by an expert that certain criminals should be sent to prison in their own home．(1) One very experienced social worker expressed his serious reservation about the scheme in a television interview．When asked to explain why，he thought for a moment and finally confessed "Well，I guess because it's new．That's my only reason．Advocates of the scheme pointed out that courts frequently sentenced first offenders to community service of some kind rather than send them to prison．(2) Nothing positive was achieved by sending some types of convicted people to prison．(3) "If a murderer is allowed free in the community like this，what is to prevent him from killing somebody else？" This argument ignored the fact that nobody proposed to allow convicted murderers to use the bracelet system．One criticism put forward was that an offender could take off his bracelet and leave it at home or give it to a friend to wear while he himself went off to commit another crime．The reply to this was that the bracelet would be made so that the computer would immediately detect any attempts to take it off or tamper with it．A more serious objection to the scheme was that the harsh life of prison was intended to be part of the deterrent to crime．A prisoner who was allowed to live at home would suffer no particular discomfort and thus not be deterred from repeating his crime．No immediate action was taken on the proposal．It was far too revolutionary and needed to be examined very carefully．(4) Several governments appointed experts to investigate the scheme and make recommendations for or against it．A．The idea，however，was not rejected．B．They should spend their lives in prison．C．It met with strong objections．D．Most of the criminal cases are unpredictable．Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．E．Some critics rushed to take extreme cases．F．The shame of having a criminal record was adequate for them．28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F. F32.Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize in no more than 60 words the mainidea of the passage and how it is illustrated．Use your won words as far as possible．Blowing a Few TopsEver stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions？It's not all death，destruction and hot liquid rock-scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one sucheruption．Solar geoengineering involves simulating a volcano by spraying aerosols（气溶胶）into the atmosphere．When they combine with oxygen，droplets of sulfuric acid （硫酸）form．These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth，cooling the planet．All good in theory，but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous．Ina study recently published in Nature Communications，researchers led by Anthony Jones，a climate scientist from the University of Exeter，found that using this technology in theNorthern Hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical winds hitting the U．S．and Caribbean．But there's an annoying exchange：more winds in the Southern Hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa．That's because the entire climate system is linked-disrupting one region will invariably affect another．How would a nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse？Would that be an act of war？There is，however，a case for using solar geoengineering on a global scale．Jones says it could be used to "take the edge off" the temperature increases scientists arepredicting．It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies．The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geoengineering：its complete lack of regulation．"There's nothing that could stop one country just doing it，" Jones says．"You only need about 100 aircraft with three flights per day．It would cost 1 billion to 10 billion per year．" He adds，"It's deeply disturbing that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence on the climate，yet there's just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it．"Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand，as well as far more work that will need to be done before solar geoengineering is consideredsafe-or too dangerous to even discuss．33.技术员给他推荐的这款新软件应能帮助他快速适应新的书写方式．（adapt）______34.虽然她有一份收入不错的工作，但是因为她不善管钱而经常入不敷出．（lack）______35.你电脑用得越熟练，你找到秘书工作的可能性就越大．（the more…．the more）______36.早餐要营养丰富，易于消化，使人有饱腹感，这样才能让人们工作时间更长而不感觉疲惫．（need）______37.Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructionsgiven below in Chinese．校学生会开展了教科书再利用（the recycling of textbooks）的活动，号召高三学生把自己的教科书留给新生使用．你愿意参加这样的活动吗？假如你是李华，请向学生会发一份email进行回复，表明你的态度，并说明你的理由．答案和解析1.【答案】was elected【解析】1．was elected，考查时态语态，指1907年，所以用一般过去时态，主语和elect之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填was elected．2．Because，考查连词，根据句意"因为林德伯格表现出非凡的机械天赋，1921年，他被威斯康星州大学录取学习工程学"，可知用because引导原因状语从句．3．To seek，考查不定式，做目的状语，所以用不定式，故填to seek．4．what，考查宾语从句，在宾语从句中做宾语，表示"…的东西"，所以用what引导．5．Having been trained，考查分词，train发生在句子谓语动词complete之前，所以用现在分词的完成时态，表示"被培训"，所以用having been trained．6．in，考查介词，表示在某一年用介词in．7．to fly，考查不定式，序数词后面常用不定式作后置定语，故填to fly．8．would change，考查时态，根据句意"他知道这一雄心勃勃的飞行将改变他的一生"，表示过去将会，所以用过去将来时态，故填would change．9．crowded，考查形容词，作宾补，所以用形容词，故填crowded．10．in，考查固定搭配，bring in带来，故填in．本文讲述了查尔斯林德伯格的生平和他的各种挑战以及获得的成就．本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．2.【答案】【小题1】I【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】E【小题5】J【小题6】B【小题7】C【小题8】G【小题9】H【小题10】K【解析】1．I 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：而这种谦逊的态度在创业时是一种帮助还是一种障碍．humble谦逊的；故选I．2．D 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：瑞典是工业变革和新产品的创新之地． innovation创新；故选D．3．A 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：尽管只有1000万居民占据了一块很大程度上被森林荒芜所界定的土地，但近年来，美国人均创造了10亿美元的公司，超过了硅谷以外的任何地方．inhabitants居民；故选A．4．E 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：对于那些想法不一致的人，有一个强大的社会福利网络来设置他们重新站起来．network网络；故选E．5．J 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：虽然宜家创始人英格瓦•坎普拉德（Ingvar Kamprad）一直强调自己的态度谦虚和节俭，但研究始终是宜家扩张的核心．expansion扩张；故选J．6．B 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：这些公司所拥有的文化特征已经引起了全球的关注．captured获得；故选B．7．C 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：文化评论员Lola Akinmade Akerstrom 在她最近出版的新书《Lagorm：瑞典人安居乐业的秘密》中强调了这一点，她说："努力把自夸降到最低限度，找到共同点，让每个人都站在同一个页面上"仍然是瑞典劳动力中传播最广的两种做法．minimum最低；故选C．8．G 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：文化评论员Lola Akinmade Akerstrom 在她最近出版的新书《Lagorm：瑞典人安居乐业的秘密》中强调了这一点，她说："努力把自夸降到最低限度，找到共同点，让每个人都站在同一个页面上"仍然是瑞典劳动力中传播最广的两种做法．highlighted强调了；故选G．9．H考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：她说，在瑞典商界，这不是专注于摇滚明星或首席执行官的"杀戮"，而是"每个人聚在一起，确保他们的声音都能被平等地听到，这样他们就能一起达成一个最理想的解决方案．"equally平等地；故选H．10．K 考查上下文理解以及推理判断能力．句意：这种文化源于瑞典人称之为"Jantelagen"的文化，它描述了一个百年传统，阻止不必要的财富或成功的展示，换句话说，没有人应该认为自己比任何人都好．displays展示；故选K．本文是一篇以论文，主要就"吹牛是好事还是坏事"展开了讨论，瑞典是世界上最具创造力的国家之一，但它的文化却告诫人们不要在公众面前吹嘘自己的成功，而这种谦逊的态度在创业时是一种帮助还是一种障碍？文章给了我们解释．选词完成句子是高中英语的一个重要题型，它集词的用法与搭配、词语辨析、语法、单句理解、语篇理解等考查于一体，既考查了考生的语言知识水平，又检测了考生的分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力；主要是考查学生对某一段落或者某几个句子之间的逻辑关系的判断和把握，尤其是对句与句之间的逻辑关系的理解．这要求考生熟记表示列举、原因、结果、让步、递进、转折、对照、补充、时间、目的、条件等不同逻辑关系的连接词．3.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】A 【小题5】D【小题6】A 【小题7】D 【小题8】B 【小题9】A 【小题10】C【小题11】A 【小题12】A 【小题13】C 【小题14】A 【小题15】C【解析】DBCAD ADBAC AACAC1．D．考查形容词辨析．A．old-fashioned过时的；B．fixed 固定的；C．presented 提出；D．printed印刷；根据前文The novelist's medium is the written word．可知几乎可以说是印刷界．故选D2．B．考查形容词辨析．A．social社交的；B．narrative 叙述；C．favorite最喜爱的；D．easy 容易；平装小说仍然是最便宜的，最便携和最适合的叙事娱乐形式．故选B3．C．考查动词辨析．A．sourcing采购；B．surfing 冲浪；C．writing写作；D．receiving 接收；根据后文 The narrative can go， effortlessly， anywhere， into space， people's head， palaces， prisons and pyramids可知它仅限于单一的信息写作渠道．故选C4．A．考查名词辨析．A．text 文本；B．publication出版；C．ambition 野心；D．attitude 态度；他可能会被他的编辑建议修改他的文本，但如果作者拒绝满足这个条件，没有人会感到惊讶．故选A5．D．考查副词辨析．A．simply简单地；B．eventually 最终；C．freely 自由地；D．exactly 完全正确；对于一位著名的小说家来说，他或她的手稿（手稿）的出版商希望出版商能像他或她所写的那样出版，这并不是一个未知数．故选D6．A．考查动词辨析．A．performed执行；B．approved 批准；C．covered 覆盖；D．continued继续；根据前文However， not even the most well-established playwright or screenplay writer would submit （提交） a script可知然而，即使是最有名气的剧作家或编剧也不会提交剧本（提交），并期望它在没有任何改写的情况下被表演．故选A7．D．考查名词辨析．A．information信息；B．approach接近；C．setting设置；D．communication 沟通；这是因为戏剧和电影是叙事的合作形式，使用多个沟通渠道．故选D8．B．考查名词辨析．A．fame 名声；B．words 文字；C．presence 存在；D．rights 权利；根据后文 the physical presence of the actors， their voices and gestures， the "set" and possibly mu sic．可知舞台剧的制作涉及到，以及作者的话语，演员的实际存在，他们的声音和手势，"布景"和可能的音乐．故选B9．A．考查名词辨析．A．basis基础；B．reference参考；C．plan 计划；D．rule 规则；虽然剧本是舞台剧和电影的基本基础，但它是作家和其他创作人员之间协商修改的基础．故选A10．C．考查名词辨析．A．assemblies组件；B．performances 表演；C．rehearsals 排练；D．negotiations 谈判；根据前文 They're given "approval" of the choice of a director and actors and have the right to 可知他们得到"同意"选择导演和演员，并有权参加排练排演，在此期间他们可能承担更多的重写工作．故选C11．A．考查动词辨析．A．recording录音；B．evolving 进化的；C．bargaining讨价还价；D．training 培训；根据前文 In the case of screenplay， the writer may have little or no control over the final form of h is work．可知他们得到"同意"选择导演和演员，并有权参加排练排演，在此期间他们可能承担更多的重写工作．故选A12．A．考查名词辨析．A．actors演员；B．directors 导演；C．audiences观众；D．authors 作者；剧本制作合同保护作者在这方面的权利．故选A13．C．考查形容词辨析．A．procedural 程序性；B．personal个人；C．contractual 契约的；D．equal相等的；根据前文In film or television work， on the other hand，可知在电影或电视作品，另一方面，剧本作者没有这种协商程度的契约权利．故选C 14．A．考查名词辨析．A．drafts 草稿；B．arrangements 安排；C．additions增加；D．definitions定义；根据后文 the writer is in the driver's seat， although sometimes receiving criticism from the producer and the director．可知当剧本正在经历它的各种草稿时，作者在驾驶座上，尽管有时受到制片人和导演的批评．故选A15．C．考查动词辨析．A．hope 希望；B．work工作；C． credit归功于；D．profit 利润；根据后文 ignoring the contribution， for good and ill of the director．可知这是一个事实，被大多数电视剧的新闻评论家忽视了，他们往往把一部作品的成败归咎于作家和演员，忽略了对导演好坏的贡献．故选C文章讲述了小说家的文字是最适合便携和叙事的娱乐形式，而有时候也会因为需要而做出改变，又或是被表演出来，其过程又有许多人参与，而这些人也是表现形式的组成部分之一．做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．18.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】D 【小题4】B【解析】ADDB1．A．细节理解题．根据第一段He revolutionized the industry，working as a consultant for more than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators，from cars to the interiors of spacecraft．可知，他彻底改变了行业，作为顾问工作了超过200家公司和创造设计从包装到冰箱，从汽车到飞船的内部．由此可见，他Loewy最大的影响是彻底改变了这个行业．故选A．2．D．细节理解题．根据第二段His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the solutions are too different from current designs．可知，他的想法是，如果设计问题的解决方案与目前的设计有太大的不同，人们就不会接受．由此可见，Loewy的设计是基于对问题提供原创性而非革命性的答案的想法．故选D．3．D．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段内容Loewy的标志设计旨在"视觉保留"．他想确保任何人看到这个标志，即使是很短一段时间，也不会忘记它．他为壳牌石油、埃克森美孚（Exxon）、灰狗（Greyhound）和纳比斯科（Nabisco）等著名公司设计了许多高度可见的标志．可知他的标志设计旨在使公司的标志非常令人难忘．故选D．。

黄浦区2019年高考模拟考英语试卷参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1-5 DBDBA 6-10 CADCB11-13 BCA 14-16 CDB 17-20 CACCII. Grammar and VocabularySection A21. what 22. may/might 23. interpreted 24. if 25. to preserve26. has been ignored 27. But 28. influencing 29. where 30. more common/commoner Section B31. J 32. F 33. A 34. H 35. G 36. B 37. D 38. K 39. C 40. IIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A41. C 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B51. C 52. A 53. B 54. B 55. DSection B56-59 BDBA 60-62 CAC 63-66 ACADSection C67-70 EBDFIV. Summary Writing71. Desertification means land degradation due to man-made causes and climate change. It may cause problems like conflicts, poverty and land degradation. So 2006 was stated to be IYDD as a reminder of the serious problem and call for joint efforts to develop the world sustainably. The IYDD also reminds us of the risk, the beauty and civilization/inheritance of the deserts.V. Translation72. The public’s donation laid/has laid a (solid) foundation for the victims to rebuild their home.73. Your roommate won’t/will not tolerate you anymore/ any longer unless you get rid of your bad habits as soon as possible.74. The youth are expected to create/build a kind of inner character with courage and responsibility in the modern society.75. The project should be tailored to the needs of each team so that it can motivate team members to unite together and spare no efforts to achieve their goal.VI. Guided WritingOmitted.高三年级英语第1页共1页。

2019上海市浦东新区高中英语二模（含答案）2019上海市浦东新区高中英语二模(含答案)浦东新区2019学年度第二学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷第 I 卷 (共100分)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and vocabularySection APumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into the London Zoo that a wild puma (21)_______ (spot) forty miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts decided to investigate.The hunt (22)_______ the puma began in a small village where a woman (23)_______ (pick) blackberries saw “a large cat” only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being (24)________ it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at (25)_______ place twenty miles away in the evening. (26)_______ it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbi ts. Sev eral people complained of “cat-like noises” at night and a businessman on a (27)_______ (fish) trip saw the puma up a tree.The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, (28)_______ where had it come from?As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one (29)_______ have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for severalweeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing (30)_______(think) a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.A multicultural person is someone who is deeply convinced that all cultures are equally good, enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world, and most likely has been exposed to more than one culture in his or her lifetime.You cannot motivate anyone, especially someone of another culture, until that person has accepted you. A multilingual salesperson can explain the advantages of a product in other languages, but a multicultural salesperson can motivate foreigners to buy it. That’s a(an) (31)________ difference.No one likes foreigners who are arrogant(自大的) about their own culture. The trouble is, most people are arrogantly monocultural without being aware of it and even those who are c an’t hide it. Foreigners sense monocultural arrogance at once and set up their own cultural barriers, which may effectively (32)_______ any attempt by the monocultural person to motivate them.Multiculturalism is a(an) (33)_______ that has been neglected too often in hiring managers for international positions. Even if your company is not a multinational one, chances are you’re in touch with foreign customers or manufacturers. Do you have the right employee to build up the (34)_______?For 20-odd years, I’ve run an executive-search firm from Brussels. When clients ask us to find the right person for a new pan-European sales or management position, I start by asking themto (35)_______ the qualifications their ideal candidate would have. Most often they list the same qualities they would want for a domestic position, but with the (36)_______ requirement that the new manager be fluent enough in English, German and French to cope with faxes and email. It sometimes takes me hours to persuade clients that the linguistic(语言的) abilities they see as crucial are not enough.Of course, it’s far more difficult to (37)_______ candidates’ multiculturalism than it is to check their language skills --- but it’s also a far more important (38)_______ to su ccess. I remember a company that asked me to out a salesman they were planning to send to Mexic o. He’d studied Spanish, and had grown up in New York City --- the most (39)_______ diverse place in America. But when I interviewed him, he turned out to have no concept of the great pride Mexicans took in their culture, and moreover he was (40)_______ about Mexican restaurants and markets being dirty and unsafe. I rejected him --- just as Mexican buyers would have if he’d been selected for the job.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AHailing from Sweden, “plogging” is a fitness craze that sees particip ants pick up plastic litter while jogging - adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport.Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and (41)_______ over plastic levels in the ocean.The appeal of plogging is its (42)_______-- all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying (43)_______ to jogging, we can assume thehealth benefits are increased.Running and good causes have always gone (44)_______ - just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a mor e on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.Anything that’s getting people out in nature and c onnecting (45)_______ with their environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to (46)_______ our inland waterways of plastic pollution. “There’s been a real (47)_______ in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting how disastrous the crisis is,” she says.We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through (48)_______ like plogging and Plastic Patrol.The Plastic Patrol app allows users to (49)_______ plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and (50)_______ to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. “I’d urge all plog gers to get involved,” adds Carr.Plogging isn’t the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause. Here are some of our favourites:Good GymIts idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.(51)_______ among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far,(52)_______, Good Gym is finding a solution.Guide RunningGuide runners volunteer their time to helping blind peopleget (53)_______. By linkingthemselves together, the (54)_______ - impaired individual can feel safe while both work up a sweat.(55) _______ for the HomelessStart-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expense43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly46. A. accuse B. rid C. assure D. rob47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight48. A. motives B. performances C. exercises D. initiatives49. A. eliminate B. map C. seek D. degrade50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead53. A. excited B. ready C. active D. smart54. A. visually B. audibly C. visibly D. sensibly55. A. Running B. Plogging C. Driving D. CyclingSection B(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Ha wking’s th ird academic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was inproduction, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties(定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History ofTime in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concernedabout?A. Financial returns.B. Othercompetitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’slife insurance.58. The underlined word “thumbed” is closest in meaning to _______.A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in_______.A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD. creating the rocketing sales of a technical book(B)Conventional wisdom may tell you that a master’s degree fromHarvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, whilethe same degree from the Wharton School of the University ofPennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street.It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA（Master of Business Administration）graduates at certain US schools and career prospects.To work at AmazonRoss School of Business（University of Michigan）Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms. And a large chunk of American’s employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, s ays the reason behind this is that Ross’s curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.To work at McKinsey&CompanyKellogg School of Management（Northwestern）For an MBA, landing a job at Mckinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school’s MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard（23 percent）and Stanford（16 percent）.To work at AppleFuqua School of Business（Duke）Silicon Valley hasn’t always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple’s top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the pass five years, and provided 42internships for Duke students.To start your own companyHarvard Business SchoolThe extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.60. Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work?A. Kellogg School of Management.B. Ross School of Business.C. Harvard Business School.D. Fuqua School of Business.61. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg.B. Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders.C. To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage.D. Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.62. If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in _____.A. Wharton SchoolB. Kellogg School of ManagementC. Ross School of BusinessD. Fuqua School of Business(C)“Two centuries ago, Le wis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,”George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. “They made that journey in the spirit ofdiscovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.”Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission. First, they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today’s standards. A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.Present system for getting from Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs --- or by raising taxes. Absent some remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck （敬畏的）staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush’s proposal, whichcalls for“reprogramming”some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science --- the one aspect of space exploration that’s working really well.Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion（推进力）? If new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.63. What do Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission have in common?A. Instant value.B. Human inhabitance.C. Venture cost.D. Exploring spirit.64. Bush’s proposal is challenged for the following reasons except that ______.A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford.B. American people’s well-being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in AmericaD. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment65. Which cannot be concluded from the passage?A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic.B. A Mars mission in turn promote the development ofunmanned program.C. Bush’s proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space exploration.D. The achievements in place exploration show how well unmanned science has developed.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Risky as i t is, a Mars mission helps to retain America’s position as a technological leader.B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won’t make great discoveries.Section CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Retro GamingThere’s no doubt that in today’s digital world, c omputer games are extremely sophisticated andcapable of creating virtual reality experiences that were unimaginable only a few years ago. So I am interested to see that the simplistic games that I grew up with, are making a revival. But Why?In the 1970s, the original place to play a computer game wasat an arcade. Here, you and your mates could try out the new big names in games such as Space Invaders and Pacman. ___67___ And because of the technology involved, the gaming machines were too big to fit into your house.But in the 1980s and 90s, gaming arrived in our homes and people like me were addicted. The sound of beeping became a familiar sound emanating from bedrooms across the land! Names such as Tetris, Sonic and Street Fighter became popular language in the playground –and now they are being talked about – and played – again. One of the reasons is the low cost. The BBC spoke to gamer, Gemma Wood, who says that: ___68___ I understand that a lot of hard work has gone into the design etc., but how can anyone justify ￡50 to ￡60 for a game that you might not even enjoy?___69___ The graphics on old games may not compare with the detail and definition of modern games but they are fun and easy to use by children and adults alike. And of course, nostalgia plays its part. Some people want to relive their childhood while for others, it is a chance to show their children the computer games they grew up with.Technology journalist, KG Orphanides, says "it's important to recognize how well-designed many of those classic games are... the developers had so little space to work with – your average Sega Mega Drive or SNES cartridge had a maximum capacity of just 4mb–and limited graphics and sound capabilities. This compares to an average capacity of 40G in today's games. ___70___ This craze for using retro hardware and grabbing an old joystick is certainly catching on. And to persuade those of us who are not sure about downgrading the gaming experience, manufacturers such as Nintendo, are bringing back some of theirolder consoles in new style casing.Ⅳ. 71. Summary WritingDirections：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Every time there is a mass shooting, the debate surrounding guns tends to flare up in America. The abuse of guns has been a serious problem in the US all along, but why doesn’t the US government just dismiss owning guns privately?The right to own a gun and defend oneself is central to American society. As early as the 1600s, when the first Europeans set foot on the continent of North America, they had to face a lot of dangers. They could only rely on themselves. Therefore, guns played a significant role in self-defense. Guns were also impor tant in America’s Independent War and the Civil War.Secondly, the American founding fathers believed that gun ownership was necessary for a truly free country. If the government distrusts the people and disarms them, then that government no longer represents the people. The Second Amendment to the US Constitution specifies that the American people cannot be deprived of the“right to keep and bear arms.”So the sale and purchase of firearms are legal in the United States according to law.The importance of guns is also derived from the role of hunting in American culture. In the nation’s early years, hunting was essential for food and shelter. T oday, guns are a vital part of hunting, which remains very popular as both a sport and a way of life in many parts of the country. People spend time with friends, sharing the pleasure that the sport brings.For those reasons, when critics say guns mean violence, theymiss a large part of the picture, and they misrepresent the complex nature of America’s diverse gun cultu re. Most people who own guns privately, are actually part of the gun culture. They have rational and thoughtful reasons toown and use guns.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我们常常忍不住秒回刚收到信息。

2019-2020学年黄浦区高三二模英语试卷（精校Word版含答案）（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）2020年5月第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In an art gallery. B. In a classroom. C. In a railway station. D. In a ward.2. A. 5 weeks. B. 15 weeks. C. 20 weeks. D. 25 weeks.3. A. A Chinese restaurant. B. Bill’s company.C. Gold Road.D. The Ground Theatre.4. A. Egg. B. Fish. C. Pork. D. Steak.5. A. What the department library offers. B. Where the man can find what he wants.C. What professional articles the man needs.D. Where general books are available.6. A. Have a job interview. B. Make an advertisement.C. Open the letter box.D. Buy a copy of Daily Mail.7. A. He will hand it in tomorrow. B. It’s a difficult job for him.C. It’s about a strike.D. He’ll consult his friend about it.8. A. Work with her colleagues. B. Make coffee for others.C. Stay alone in the office.D. Socialize with her co-workers.9. A. Students prefer living out of town. B. I t’s impossible to find an ideally located town.C. They have the flat that will satisfy the woman.D. He will make sure where the vacancies are.10. A. He often goes back home late for dinner. B. He shares some of the household duties.C. He dines out with friends from time to time.D. He cooks dinner for the family occasionally.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After each conversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following conversation.11. A. To follow the popular trend. B. To enjoy relaxing atmosphere.C. To experience a different lifestyle.D. To consume a tour package.12. A. Convenience. B. Price. C. Privacy. D. Time.13. A. B & B places. B. Flats. C. Hotels. D. Youth hostels.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Cooperation skills. B. Reasoning skills. C. Searching skills. D. Surgery skills.15. A. Casual. B. Doubtful. C. Neutral. D. Supportive.16. A. Playing games in the real world. B. Concentrating on study.C. Applying game skills to work.D. Thinking about career prospects.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17. A. 12%. B. 40%. C. 72%. D. 80%.18. A. They are easy to take care of. B. They grow vigorously in gardens.C. They require specific commitment.D. They are helpful for economy.19. A. It multiplies shopping trips. B. It is a waste of energy.C. It encourages fertilizer use.D. It increases the demand for plastic.20. A. Impacts and approaches of pollution. B. Founders and missions of a community.C. Benefits and problems of houseplants.D. Studies and worries of an initiative.【答案】1-5: DCDBB 6-10: ABDCA11-13: CBA 14-16: DBC 17-20: DABC【听力原文】I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. W: Excuse me, sir. Visiting hours are over. Your wife must get some rest.M: O h, I’m sorry, doctor. I didn’t hear the bell, or I wou ld have left earlier.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?2. M: How are you getting along with the Advanced English course?W: Thank Goodness, it’s almost over. I’ve finished 3/4 of the classes and now only 5 weeks left.Q: How long does the Advanced English course last?3. W: Bill, I’ll go to the Ground Theatre tonight, but I’ve never been there before. It’s said Gold Road is closeto it. And I remember your company is on that road, isn’t it?M: Ground Theatre? Actually, it is just next to a Chinese restaurant, five minutes’ walk from Gold Road. Q: Where is the woman going tonight?4. M: Are you ready to order? What sort of food do you like? Are you a vegetarian or do you have any specialfood requirements?W: I am not a vegetarian. But I do not eat any meat. I really like seafood.Q: Which food is the woman most probably going to order?5. W: Since you want to find professional articles in a certain field, you’d better use the department library.Here you can borrow some general books, like novels, and text books, etc.M: I guess I might as well go to the department library.Q: What are the two speakers mainly talking about?6. M: H ello, I’m calling to ask about the position advertised in Friday’s Daily Mail.W: Yes. The position is still open. You could come over and have a talk with us.Q: What will the man most probably do next?7. W: Now you want to consult me about your class presentation. You’re due to give it in next week, aren’tyou?M: T hat’s right, madam. And I’m reall y struggling.Q: What does the man imply about his class presentation?8. M: What do you usually do in the lunch hour?W: I used to have lunch alone, but now, I like to make it more social, to have a coffee, and things like that, so I often go with colleagues from work.Q: What does the woman usually do in the lunch hour?9. W: I’m looking for a flat. Do you have any recommendation for students like me? It will be better if it islocated out of town.M: We have more vacancies out of town.Q: What does the man mean?10. M: P lease come in. I’m just getting ready to go home. Susan is expecting me for dinner. I want it to be ontime for a change.W: Look, I’m terribly sorry to drop in at this time on Friday, Paul. But it is rather important.Q: What can be learned about Paul from the conversation?Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages. After eachconversation or passage, you will be asked several questions. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following conversation.M: Good morning.W: Good morning. How can I help you?M: My name is Jack. I am planning to spend my holiday in Brighton. I live in the countryside, and I’d like to feel some sort of urban atmosphere.W: Oh, we organize a tour to Brighton, which might suit you. At this time it is very popular, and a lot of people are asking for this package.M: Hopefully it is not very expensive. I am afraid I can’t afford if it costs too much.W: We have some expensive packages and some inexpensive packages, which will suit all the different needs depending on a number of different factors.M: What does it mainly depend on?W: The hotel’s standards, 3-star hotels, 4-star hotels and so on. We also have some cheaper choices, like flats, bed and breakfast places and youth hostels. It really depends on what you like.M: B & B, I mean bed and breakfast places might be a good choice for me.W: Yes, a lot of people for pleasure choose it as it is not that expensive and with much convenience and privacy. At the moment, the price is 280 pounds for a seven-day holiday.M: That sounds great!W: And we have three choices depending on your need.M: Could you tell me the information in detail?W: Certainly, the first place is …11. Why does Jack choose Brighton as his holiday destination?12. What does Jack consider the most important while choosing a package tour?13. What will the woman introduce next?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.Do you enjoy playing video games? Imagine if your gaming talents could actually be put to use in the real world? Ned Johnson, a trainee surgeon, played video games in his spare time when he was at medical school. But this relaxing pastime wasn’t distracting him from his studies. In fact, he thinks his time in front of a screen helped his surgery skills. Operating gaming controls helped him with his concentration and good hand-eye cooperation. Also, there are other abilities he has learned which can be applied to real-life work situations. For example, some games involve strategy and resource management, which are good skills for management.Now businesses are waking up to the skills video gamers can bring to the workplace. But employers might still need convincing that gamers are not just teenagers wasting their time in their bedrooms without thinking about their career prospects.Playing video games certainly doesn’t guarantee you a good job, and you need to be an accomplished gamer for your skills to shine. But if so much time is being spent on video games, why not put those talents to good use?14. What did playing video games help Ned Johnson improve?15. According to the passage, what’s employers’ attitude towards video gamers?16. In the passage, what suggestion is given to video gamers?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.Houseplants add a natural touch. They are able to improve the air quality, brighten up a room and thus improve people’s health and happiness. Nearly 72% of adults in the UK had a houseplant in their home, with this figure rising to 80% of 16-24 year olds. It seems young people are driving the growth in the sales of houseplants. According to research by The Economist, more young people are living in flats without a garden. Being able to care for something but not having too much commitment is ideal for their lifestyle.But whatever their benefits, there are now concerns that they might not be so good for the environment. Some are bought online and shipped from overseas. Fay Kenworthy, co-founder of a community initiative that encourages people to trade plants locally, said, “this costs energy like fuel and it is not eco-friendly”. But botanists argue that home delivery has less of an environmental impact than multiple trips to the garden centre in a car. Although some are not too concerned about the environmental impact, others are worried about the plastic pots they are in and the type of fertilizer that some of them are grown in. However, a sustainableapproach to buying them may be the best way forward if we want to introduce some natural greenery into our homes.17. In the UK, what’s the percentage of 16-24 year olds that keep houseplants?18. Why are young people in UK fond of houseplants?19. Why is Fay Kenworthy against purchasing houseplants from overseas?20. What does the passage talk about?II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Lego wants your old Legos backIf you have a box of old Lego bricks sitting unused in a garage, Lego now wants them back. In a new program, consumers in the U.S. can dump old bricks in a box, print a free shipping label, and send them off to Give Back Box, a social enterprise (21) __________ will clean the toys and repackage them for Teach for America and the Boys and Girls Club of Boston.“The classic Lego brick is made from a tough material (22) __________ (call) ABS, and the toys can be played with for decades without breaking. It’s already fairly common, of course, that Legos (23) __________ (hand) down from one child to another.” says Tim Brooks, vice president of corporate responsibility at Lego Group.The company looked for a partner that could process the used toys while (24) __________ (maintain) Lego’s standard of quality. “We want to make sure that all kids are getting a great experience,” he says. “You sh ouldn’t get a really inferior experience (25) __________ the bricks are donated.” If the program goes well, Brooks says, it (26) __________ expand.He sees it (27) __________ one version of the circular economy, a system of keeping materials in use –and argues that the toys themselves illustrate the idea of the circular economy. “You can build a rocket and then you can take (28) __________ apart and build a ship, or a car, or a house, or (29) __________ you like,” Brooks says. As toys are reused, that’s another circular system. “We intend (30) __________ (show) that great quality toys like Lego can be used in lots of repeating circles –used, reused, donated, used, reused, donated.”答案】21.that/which 22.called 23. are handed 24. maintaining 25. because26.may 27. as 28. it 29.whatever 30. to showSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How to work from home?There are many things that contribute to becoming a successful work-from-home employee. As more companies across nearly every industry accommodate an increasing number of employees wishing to avoid traffic jam and office cold lunch, remote work has become an increasingly easy and ___31___ practical option for many who seek it. Here is a modest guide to becoming a successful remote employee.Before ___32___ completely from the office, check with your corporate IT department and your manager to see if you are equipped with the programs and applications necessary to work remotely. Security first: If you connect to your company’s internal systems or email through a Virtual Private Network or other secure tunnel, make sure you’ve tested it and that it ___33___ from where you plan to work. Also, have a(n) ___34___ plan in the event your connection experiences disturbance.The same advice applies to internet ___35___. Make sure that if the wireless internet in your home office fails, you can still connect continuously through your smartphone, set up as a Wi-Fi hot spot. To do this, make sure you have the right wireless plan, especially if you handle large files.The ability to communicate quickly and reliably is the most priceless quality a remote employee needs tosucceed. Do ___36___ your manager or boss frequently. Make sure group chat service and tools are installed and you know how to use them, and make your ___37___ known to your colleagues when you are available and working.Set ___38___ if you’re working at home by explaining to family members or children that your work area is off limits, and they should avoid ___39___ unless it’s important.Find time to go for short walks to help inspire productivity and creativity. One of the blessings of working remotely is the opportunity to live a more active lifestyle instead of being ___40___, but it’s impo rtant to make activity a habit.【答案】31 ——35 CFGAD 36 ——40 KIBHEIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Retailers(零售商)closed more than 9,000 stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail ___41___.” It is easy to owe it to the rise of e-commerce, which has boomed while physical stores struggle. But this can be ___42___. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total. Collectively, three major ___43___ forces have had an even bigger impact on physical retail than the internet has.To begin with, we have changed ___44___ we shop — away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores, which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, rising inc ome ___45___ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that ___46___ them have suffered. It is estimated that since 1970, the share of the nation’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the ___47___ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports ___48___ for different income levels in the officialConsumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income ___49___ almost a third of their income after tax, while people in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. ___50___, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, we have spent ___51___ less of income on things and more on services with every passing decade. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t ___52___ in traditional retail stores. Economists debate theories of why people have ___53___ to services and away from goods, but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling ___54___ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than i n the power of ___55___. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to learn some day.41. A. business B. disaster C. investment D. strategy42. A. advanced B. confirmed C. overstated D. undervalued43. A. economic B. legal C. physical D. political44. A. how B. what C. where D. why45. A. distribution B. inequality C. level D. tax46. A. aim at B. approve of C. compete with D. stem from47. A. concentration B. influence C. security D. source48. A. education B. employment C. housing D. spending49. A. concealed B. donated C. earned D. saved50. A. Instead B. However C. Moreover D. Therefore51. A. cautiously B. intelligently C. proportionately D. prospectively52. A. available B. insufficient C. popular D. uncommon53. A. applied B. committed C. shifted D. tied54. A. ideas B. patents C. services D. things55. A. consumption B. habit C. income D. technology【答案】41-45: BCACB 46-50: AADDD 51-55: CACDDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( A )Katherine Johnson, winner of the presidential medal of freedom, refused to be limited by society’s expectations of her gender and race while expanding the borders of humanity’s reach. –President Barack Obama, 2015Using little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101, calculated the precise path that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after N eil Armstrong’s history-making moonwalk, let it return to Earth. Yet throughout Mrs. Johnson’s 33 years in NASA’s Flight Research Division and for decades afterward, almost no one knew her name. She was just one of those unheralded women who, well before the modern feminist (女权) movement, worked as NASA mathematicians. But it was not only her gender that kept her long marginalized and long unsung: Katherine Johnson, a West Virginia native, was also African-American.But over time, the work of Mrs. Johnson and her colleagues — countless calculations done mainly by hand, using slide rules, chart paper and inefficient desktop calculating machines —won them a level of acceptance that for the most competitive race.“NASA was a very professional organization,” Mr s. Johnson told The Observer of Fayetteville, N.C., in 2010. “They didn’t have time to be concerned about what color I was.” Nor, she said, did she. “I don’t have a feeling of inferiority,” Mrs. Johnson said on at least one occasion. “Never had. I’m as goo d as anybody, but no better.”To the end of her life, Mrs. Johnson refused praise for her role in sending astronauts into space, keeping them on course and bringing them safely home. “I was just doing my job,” Mrs. Johnson repeatedly said so. But what a job it was — done, no less, by a woman born at a time when the odds were more likely that she would die before age 35 than even finish high school.56. The underlined word “unheralded” most probably means __________.A. not adequately paidB. not previously mentionedC. not officially rewardedD. not fast promoted57. It was __________ put together that made Mrs. Johnson a miracle.A. her skin color, her gender and the facilitiesB. her gender, her intelligence and the facilitiesC. her skin color, her gender and her intelligenceD. her intelligence, her skin color and the facilities58. From Mrs. Johnson’s comments on NASA and her own job, we can conclude that __________.A. she was confident and modestB. NASA shows no interest in staf f’s racesC. She was superior to most women in her ageD. NASA is professionally organized and supportive59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Woman Made CalculationsB. NASA Marginalized MathematiciansC. Gender Divided OrganizationsD. Mathematician Broke Barriers【答案】56-59:BCAD( B )our mission our suppo rters about usFrequently Asked QuestionsWhat is “UNICEF”?UNICEF is the United Nations Children’s Fund.When created in 1946 to help children in war-torn Europe, China and the Middle East, UNICEF stood for “United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund.”In 1947, UNICEF USA was founded, one year after UNICEF, to support UNICEF’s lifesaving work for children.By 1953, UNICEF’s task was extended to address the needs of children in the developing world. At that time, the words “international” and “emergency” were dropped from the organization’s name, making it simply the United Nations Children’s Fund. UNICEF has helped save more children’s lives than any other humanitarian organization.●What is UNICEF USA’s mission?We work for the survival, protection and development of children worldwide through fundraising, advocacy and education.●How can I volunteer for UNICEF in the field?UNICEF secures volunteers, who must have at least a Bachelor’s Degree and two-to-five years’ experience in their field of expert knowledge and skills, through the United Nations Volunteers program.If you are a citizen of the United States and meet the above standards, send your résumé to the United Nations Volunteers program at the following address for more information: United Nations Volunteers, c/o Peace Corps, 1111 20th St. N.W., Washington, DC 20526.If you are interested in volunteering within the United States, click here to learn how.●May I donate non-cash goods for emergency relief?Some have asked us about donating goods here in the U.S. for emergency relief efforts abroad. While we are grateful for the desire to help, UNICEF does not accept non-cash goods. Why?Financial donations are the fastest and most efficient way to provide assistance. Donated goods must be screened, sorted, stored and transported. UNICEF pre-positions supplies to speed up delivery and sources them locally whenever possible.A blanket donated today can take weeks, or even months, to arrive abroad. A dollar donated today, however, will be arranged tomorrow to buy lifesaving supplies.We also purchase supplies in large quantities to save money. That means your financial donation will get more supplies to more kids in need than your donation of non-cash goods.60. Which of the following statements is true of UNICEF USA?A. It no longer provides emergency fund.B. It is localized to focus on national affairs.C. It was originally created for kids’ education.D. It supports children growth at home and abroad.61. If you want to be a UNICEF USA volunteer, _________ is NOT a must.A. required education backgroundB. related working experienceC. American nationalityD. educational program participation62. Financial donation is a better choice than non-cash goods because of __________.A. the good willB. operational efficiencyC. local assistanceD. the reliable supply【答案】60-62：DDB( C )Scientists in Antarctica have recorded, for the first time, unusually warm water beneath a glacier (冰川) the size of Florida that is already melting and contributing to a rise in sea levels.The researchers, working on the Thwaites Glacier, recorded water temperatures at the base of the ice of more than 2℃, above the normal freezing point. Critically, the measure ments were taken at the glacier’s grounding line, the area where it transforms from resting wholly on bedrock to spreading out on the sea as ice shelves. It is unclear how fast the glacier is getting worse: Studies have forecast its total collapse in a century or in a few decades. The presence of warm water in the grounding line may support estimates at the faster range.That is worthy of attention because the Thwaites, along with the Pine Island Glacier and several smaller glaciers, acts as a brake on part of the much larger West Antarctic Ice Sheet, which if melted, would raise the world’s oceans by more than a meter over centuries, an amount that would put many coastal cities underwater.“Warm waters in this part of the world, as remote as they may seem, should serve as a warning to all of us about the potential terrible changes to the planet brought about by climate change,” said David Holland, director of New York University’s Environmental Fluid Dynamics Laboratory.Glaciologists have previously raised alarm over the presence of warm water melting the Thwaites from below. This is the first time, though, that warm waters have been measured at the glacier’s grounding line.To observe activity beneath the glacier, Dr. Holland’s team drilled a hole — about 30 centimeters wide and 600 meters deep —from the surface to the bottom and then placed equipment that measures water temperature and ocean turbulence, or the mixing of freshwater from the glacier and salty ocean water. Collecting the data took about 96 hours in subzero weather. Warm waters beneath the Thwaites are actively melting it, the team found.While scientists may not yet be able to definitively predict how soon glaciers like the Thwaites will melt, human-caused climate change is a key factor. The b iggest predictor of “how much ice we will lose and how quickly we will lose it,” Dr. Holland said, “is human action.”63. What does warm water found in the glacier’s grounding line indicate?A. Sea levels should be remeasured.B. It may take a century for the glacier to melt.C. The grounding line is getting shorter.D. The glacier might disappear sooner.64. The Thwaites and other glaciers are important because __________.A. they hold back iceB. they are extremely largeC. they are located at bedrocksD. they are collapsing65. What can be inferred from the passage about the researchers’ viewpoints?A. We can predict how much ice can be kept.B. Human beings are to blame for the loss of ice.C. Glaciers serve a more important purpose than expected.D. More data needs to be collected to support the estimates.66. What is the passage mainly about?A. The efforts made to avoid the presence of warm water.B. The alarm voiced on the worsening situation of glaciers.C. The tools employed to measure the temperature of Antarctica.D. The prediction based on a scientific study of the grounding line.【答案】63-66: DABBSection C。

【题文】Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.DesertificationDesertification is one of the world’s most alarming processes of en vironmental degradation(退化). The issue is often unclear, however, by a common misperception: that it’s a “natural” problem of advancing deserts in faraway developing countries. In fact, desertification is about land degradation: the loss of the land’s biol ogical productivity, caused by man-made factors and climate change.Each year, desertification and drought cause an estimated $42 billion in lost agricultural production. The risks of desertification are sufficient and clear. It contributes to food insecurity, hunger and poverty, and can give rise to social, economic and political tensions that can cause conflicts, further poverty and land degradation. The great urgency of this challenge led the United Nations General Assembly to state 2006 to be the International Year of Deserts and Desertification (IYDD). It is a strong reminder of the urgent need to address the far-reaching implications of this problem. United Nations General Secretary recently summarizes in this way: “I look forward to working with Gover nments, civil society, the private section, international organizations and others to focus attention on this crucial issue, and to reverse the trend of desertification and set the world on a safer, more sustainable path of development.”The IYDD also presents a golden opportunity to get the message across strongly and effectively that desertification is a global problem which we ignore at our risk. It is important to recognize that dry-lands are home to some of the most magnificent ecosystems of this world. These unique natural habitats have been home to some of the world’s oldest civilizations. They stand like open-air museums, bearing witness to bygone eras. The Year will therefore also celebrate the delicate beauty and unique inheritance of the world’s d eserts._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Desertification means land degradation due to man-made causes and climate change. It may cause problems like conflicts, poverty and land degradation. So 2006 was stated to be IYDD as a reminder of the serious problem and call for joint efforts to develop the world sustainably. The IYDD also reminds us of the risk, the beauty and civilization/inheritance of the deserts.【解析】【分析】本文为概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。

黄浦区2019年高考模拟考英语试卷听力原文I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: Lucky for me, the shopping mall is within walking distance.W: But I want to go nowhere without a car.Q: How did the man plan to go to the shopping mall at first?2. W: David, you play the violin so well.M: Thank you. In fact, I’m an ordinary amateur and I just play it for pleasure.Q: What are they mainly talking about?3. W: I thought the newly-released movie which received many positive reviews must be interesting.M: However, it turned out to be the opposite. Am I right?Q: What does the man think of the movie?4. W: Sir, I’m afraid this is the only room in the hotel available at the moment.M: I see, I’ll take what I can get. Next time I’ll be sure to call in advance and make a reservation.Q: What can be most probably inferred about the man?5. M: You know Jessica wants to apply for the position, but I’m afraid she’s not really qualified.W: What a pity! She seems so bright. Why not train her?Q: What does the woman suggest?6. W: What are we going to do if it rains tomorrow?M: We’ll have to count on good weather. But if it does rain, the whole thing will have to be cancelled.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?7. M: How about your assignment?W: My computer is infected with a virus and all my efforts are gone.Q: What does the woman imply?8. W: Come on, what are we waiting for?M: Safety is the top concern, madam. I can’t start the car until you put on your seat belt.Q: What does the man probably mean?9. M: Ms. Green! Congratulations on your promotion to a higher position!W: Thank you. But I hate having to leave the sales department.Q: What can we learn from the conversation about the woman?10. W: You are taking a course with Professor Brown. What’s your impression so far?M: To tell you the truth, many students could hardly stay awake in his class without first drinking a cup of coffee.Q: What does the man imply?Directions: In Section B, you will hear one short passage and two longer conversations. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.American businessmen frequently use social situations to make business deals. One of the best examples of this practice is the business lunch. Therefore, knowing how to conduct yourself at a business lunch is often just as important as the business discussion. For formal business lunches, it is wise to phone at least 24 hours ahead to reserve a table at a restaurant. After you have been seated and given a menu, your waiter will come and ask if you would like to order anything to drink. Nowadays, it is quite acceptable to order mineral water, a soda, or fruit juice, apart from wine or a mixed drink.After that, your waiter will leave you to make your food selection from the menu you have been given. It is the host’s responsibility to discover whether or not his guests have any special dietary restrictions. If, however, a host does not do that, a guest should not announce his dietary restrictions to everyone at the table. Instead, he should ask the waiter about the ingredients of any dish in question. He should also have in mind a second dish that he might order, just in case. Usually, the host will allow his guests to order first. Occasionally, a host may collect orders in advance in order to save time.Questions:11. Which of the following is recommended for a formal business lunch according to the passage?12. After being seated and given the menu, what are you supposed to order first?13. What should you do if you’ve got any dietary restrictions?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following conversation.M: Excuse me, I received a letter that I should return the book I checked out back in September. I t’s called Modern Social Problems. But I am writing my paper, so I thought I was allowed to keep the book for the whole academic year.W: So you signed up for extended borrowing duration?M: Yeah.W: And we are still asking you to bring the book back?M: Uh-huh. Do I really have to?W: Well, let me check the computer. The title was …Modern Social Problems?M: Yeah.W: E h…it’s been recalled. You can keep it all year round as long as no one else requests it, but someone else has, it looks like one of the professors in the sociology department. So you have to bring it back. You can check it out again when it is returned in a couple of weeks.M: What if the professor renews it? And I really need it right now.W: All of it? Or is there a certain section or chapter you are working with?M: Eh…, there’s one chapter in particular I am working with.W: Well, we normally don’t do this, but because of the circumstances we can photocopy up to one chapter for you. So, why not do that for the chapter you are working with right now? And by the time you need the rest of the book, maybe it’ll have been returned.M: Oh, that would be great. Thank you!14.How long did the man think he could keep the book?15.Which of the following statements is True according to the conversation?16.What does the woman suggest that the man should do?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: This is it. I know that it is smaller than you wanted, but it is one of the nicest apartments in the buildings. W: Does it have three bedrooms?M: No. There are two. But the master bedroom is quite large. Maybe you could let the children share the larger room, and you and your husband could use the smaller one.W: I suppose I could do that.M: A three-bedroom apartment will be difficult to find.W: Yes, I know. Actually, the few three-bedroom apartments that I have found are either extremely expensive or the owner won’t like a family with children.M: Well. The owner allows two children in this apartment.W: Aren’t you the owner?M: No, I am the manager. My office is on the first floor of this building.W: Oh. That’s nice. Then if anything gets broken…M: Just leave a note on my door.W: You said that the rent would be 350 dollars a month. Does that include something?M: Yes, it includes gas. Your stove is gas, so, as you can imagine, your other expenses, such as electric and water, are quite inexpensive.W: This sounds great. But before I sign a contract, I would like my husband to see it.M: Why not stop by with him this evening?W: How late are you in your office? He usually doesn’t get off work until 5 p.m..M: Come by at six. I will still be there. I am sure that you are eager to move from the hotel, and if we have paper work out of the way tonight, you can move in tomorrow.W: That sounds perfect!Questions:17. Who is the man in this conversation?18. Where is the woman living now?19. Which of the following is Not True about the apartment?20. Why didn’t the woman sign a contract right away?。

黄浦区2019年高考模拟考英语试卷2019年4月（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. By bike. B. By car. C. By bus. D. On foot.2. A. The man’s violin. B. The man’s hobby.interview. D. The man’s job.C. The man’s3. A. Positive. B. Interesting. C. Successful. D. Boring.t the hotel at this time.4. A. He can’t get a room aB. He didn’t get the type of room he wanted.C. He expected the room to be more expensive.D. He thought he had already made a reservation.5. A. They should give Jessica some on-the-job training.B. They should offer Jessica some train tickets.C. They shouldn’t have taken Jessica into account.D. They should ask Jessica to get more qualification.6. A. The weather forecast says it will be fine. B. The weather will not affect their plan.C. They will not do as planned in case of rain.D. They will postpone their programme if it rains.7. A. She’s unable to finish her homework. B. She has to give up efforts.C. She has to remove the virus.D. She’s infected with some disease.8. A. He has to wait for someone else. B. He is concerned about the woman’s safety.C. There is something wrong with the car.D. The woman must fasten the seat belt.9. A. She has been promoted to be the sales manager.ent.B. She isn’t popular with the colleagues in the sales departmC. She enjoyed working in the sales department.D. She doesn’t like her new position very much.10. A. Few students meet Professor Brown’s requirements.B. Many students find Professor Brown’s lecture uninteresting.C. Few students understand Professor Brown’s lecture.D. Many students have dropped Professor Brown’s class.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear one short passage and two longer conversations. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversations will be read twice, butthe questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Sending invitation cards to guests.B. Reserving a table at least one day in advance.C. Giving your order before you are seated.D. Keeping calm and talking to your clients.12. A. Some fruits. B. Cold dishes. C. A drink. D. A salad.13. A. Consult the waiter about the dish in detail.B. Tell everyone that you have certain dietary restrictions.C. Write beforehand to say that you don’t care for some dishes.D. Keep quiet and pretend that you enjoy the food.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following conversation.14. A. For a couple of weeks. B. For a whole month.C. For an academic year.D. For as long as he needs it.15. A. The man is writing his graduation paper.B. The man hasn’t signed up for extended borrowing duration.C. The woman allows the man to keep the book.D. One professor has recalled the book the man is keeping.16. A. Renew the book right now. B. Have part of the book photocopied.C. Sign up for another borrowing duration.D. Buy a new copy at a campus bookstore.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The woman’s husband. B. The owner of the apartment.C. The apartment manager.D. The person who lives in the apartment now.18. A. In a hotel. B. In a two-bedroom apartment.C. In a house.D. In a three-bedroom apartment.19. A. It is one of the nicest apartments in the buildings.B. The master bedroom of the apartment is quite spacious.C. It is a three-bedroom apartment that is difficult to find.D. The woman’s family can move in the next day if they sign the contract.20. A. She thought the apartment was not spacious enough.B. It was the first apartment that she had the chance to see.C. Her husband was busy and had not seen the apartment yet.D. The rent was too high for the woman’s family to afford.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Is Hothouse Earth Avoidable?warned that if economic growth Nearly 50 years ago, the Club of Rome’ｓreport “Limits t o Growth”　continued fast without regard for the environment, the world could face ecological and economic collapse inthe twenty-first century. Yet that is essentially (21)______ has happened. As new research for the Club of Rome shows —and the latest report from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) states — the world (22)______ well be headed towards disaster.。