【中考英语 高频考点精选】08 名词(解析版)

专题08 名词派生词与名词的数（名校模拟15练+冲刺高考强化50练）（解析版）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

一名校模拟题15练一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．【湖南省长沙市第一中学2023年高三试题】Researchers at Stanford University have said that listening to music can change our brain activities and that music can be reached easily, making it a helpful stress_______(reduce) tool.【答案】reduction/reducing【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。

句意：斯坦福大学的研究人员说，听音乐可以改变我们的大脑活动，而且音乐很容易接触，这使它成为一种有用的减压工具。

中考英语名词常见考点解析名词是中考的常考点也是必考点，主要考查词义的辨析，名词数的变化（主要考查学生是否掌握名词复数的规则变化和名词复数的不规则变化，以及对可数名词和不可数名词的区分及不可数名词的运用），名词的所有格的运用和名词的语法作用。

考点一词义的辨析这类题重点考查考生对名词词义和整个句子意思的理解，考生只要掌握词义并了解句意，一般都不难给出正确答案。

下面就以几道中考题来分析一下名词词义辨析题的答题方法：例1：（2015年重庆市） Dave really likes driving.I think being a is just right for him.A. doctorB. teacherC. farmerD. driver解析：考查名词词义辨析。

这里主要考查考生能否根据句意来判断该题的答案。

当然，考生首先要弄清这四个词的意思，doctor 意为“医生”； teacher 意为“老师”；farmer意为“农民”； driver意为“驾驶员”。

由“Dave likes driving”可知，大卫很喜欢开车，因此”我”认为他很适合当一名驾驶员。

例2：（2015年安徽省）―How can I get some about the 2016 Olympic Games？―Why not search the Internet？A. informationB. experienceC. practiceD. success解析：考查名词词义辨析。

information意为“信息”；experience意为“经验、经历”； practice意为“练习”；success意为“成功”。

由“Why not search the Internet？”可知，可以上网查询2016年奥运会的相关信息，故选A。

考生只要知道这几个词的词义，了解句意，就能很容易给出正确答案。

答案：A。

例3：（2015年山东省潍坊市） On September 3 there will be some in China to celebrate the 70-year victory of the Anti-Japanese War.A. actionsB. projectsC. traditionsD. activities解析：考查名词词义辨析。

中考英语考点复习·名词（附详解）1. Sorry, we already have four people in the car, so there ________ for this box.A. is a little roomB. are no roomsC. is little roomD. are few rooms2.Katie, I’ve bought many ________. Now let’s make the birthday cake for Harriet.A. frozen foodB. fresh eggsC. chocolate milkD. rice dumplings3.—Where is our head teacher?—He’s left a ________ saying that he has something important to do.A. newsB. messageC. excuseD. sentence4.________fathers couldn’t come to the school, because they have gone to Changsha.A. Li Ping and Wang HuaB.Li Ping’s and Wang HuaC.Li Ping and Wang Hua’sD.Li Ping’s and Wang Hua’s5. English is spoken as a first language in ________.A. IraqB. IndiaC. JapanD. Australia6. Dean and Carolyn always put small presents in ________ stockings on Christmas Day.A.each other’sB. each otherC. each othersD.each others’7.—Do you know that beautiful lady with a small bag on her arm?—Yes. She is ________ mother.A. Hank and HannahB. Hank an d Hannah’sC.Hank’s and HannahD.Hank’s and Hannah’s8.—Are you sure Mr Bush is at home? He might still be in his office.—Let’s ring the ________.A. voiceB. watchC. answerD. doorbell9.—Which city is the capital of France?—________.A. MoscowB. TokyoC. LondonD. Paris10.—Which________ do you like best?—I like English best.A. musicB. sportC. subjectD. game11.Today is September 10th. It’s ________Day. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.A.Teachers’B.Teacher’sC. teache rs’D.the Teachers’12. In England, people put their________ first.A. given namesB. full namesC. family namesD. English names13.—What would you like to drink, Jed and Jeff?—________, please.A. Two cup of coffeeB. Two cups of coffeeC. Two cups of coffeesD. Two cup of coffees14.“Nightingales Prize” is for ________.A. playersB. actorsC. doctorsD. nurses15.—What’s the ________ today?—It’s October 1.A. dayB. timeC. dateD. hour【答案与解析】1. C。

【英语】中考英语名词解析版汇编及解析一、初中英语名词1．（•重庆） It's cold today. Take your with you when you go out.A. knifeB. coatC. brushD. key【答案】 B【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：今天天气冷，当你出去的时候，请带上你的外衣。

A. knife 小刀； B. coat外衣； C. brush 刷子； D. key钥匙。

根据It’s cold today.可知，这里指的是出去带着外衣，故选B。

2．——I'm hungry. May I have something to eat? ——OK. Here's some ________.A. orangeB. breadC. waterD. milk【答案】 B【解析】【点评】句意：——我饿了。

我可以吃一些东西吗?——好的。

这里有一些面包。

A.橙汁;B.面包;C.水;D.牛奶。

根据上句想要吃的东西，而橙汁，水及牛奶都是喝的东西，故排除ACD，故选B。

3．There's little left at home. Go and buy some, dear.A. carrotsB. potatoesC. rice【答案】 C【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。

句意：家里剩的马铃薯不多了，去买一些吧。

A. carrots 胡萝卜；B. potatoes马铃薯；C. rice大米。

因为空格前有little，它修饰不可数名词，rice 是不可数名词，故选C。

4．—The last bus has left. What should we do?—Let's take a taxi. We have no other ______ now.A. choiceB. reasonC. habit【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：－末班车离开了。

中考中考英语总复习名词考点解析（Word版附答案）一、初中英语名词1．— Have you heard of a cool washing machine called Bicycle Washing Machine?— Yes, it's a new by a group of Chinese university students.A. inventionB. informationC. instructionD. introduction【答案】 A【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：-你听说过一种很酷的洗衣机叫自行车洗衣机吗？-是的，这是一群中国的大学生们的新发明。

invention发明，发明物；information信息；instruction指导；introduction介绍。

根据句意可知，Bicycle Washing Machine是一项发明，故应选A。

2．（•青岛）Nancy took her temperature and found she had a .A. coughB. toothacheC. coldD. fever【答案】 D【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。

句意：南希量了她的体温，发现她发烧了。

cough咳嗽；toothache牙痛；cold感冒；fever发烧。

结合语境，所以选D。

3．The problems are difficult to solve. Please give me ________.A. many adviceB. some adviceC. an adviceD. some advices【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：这些问题很难解决。

请给我一些建议。

advice建议，不可数名词，不能用不定冠词和many修饰，故选B。

【点评】考查不可数名词advice的用法。

注意不可数名词的用法。

4．After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for ____________.A. priceB. noiseC. peaceD. course【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：在战后几年里，叙利亚人们渴望和平。

一、选择题1．The two runners finished the race______.They both got the first place.A．at the same time B．on the same timeC．in the same time D．for the same time A解析：A【详解】句意：两位赛跑选手同时完成了比赛，他们都拿到了第一名。

考查介词短语，in the same time是指在“一样的时间”，侧重在同样时间段里。

on the same time是指“在同一时间”，at the same time表示“同时”，for the same time形式错误，排除。

故选A。

2．The bag must be ____________.A．Li Lei's and Li Ping' s B．Li Lei and Li Ping’s C．Li Lei's and Li Ping D．Li Lei and Li Ping B 解析：B【详解】句意“这个包一定是李磊和李平的”。

Li Lei’s and Li Ping’s表示“李磊和李平两个人分别拥有”，Li lei and Li Ping’s表示“李磊和李平两个人共同拥有”。

根据主语the bag“单数”可知，表示两人共同拥有，故选B。

3．What's the best gift you have ever ____________ ?A．taken B．received C．accepted D．borrowed B解析：B【详解】句意：你收到过的最好的礼物是什么考查动词辨析。

A. 取/拿；B. 收到；C. 接受；D. 借入。

accept指经过考虑，由主观意志来决定接受，动作者本身是主动的；receive指收到某物这一动作，本身有一定的被动性，不包含本身是否愿意接受的意思。

根据What's the best gift可知receive符合语境，故选B。

人教版中考英语复习专题名词考点解析（Word版附答案）一、初中英语名词1．— I have a bad cold.— Sorry to hear that. You'd better go to see a ________ at once.A. doctorB. cookC. writerD. farmer【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——我得了重感冒。

——很遗憾听到这些，你最好马上去看医生。

从上文可看出，说话人“得了感冒“，需要去看”医生“，固定搭配see a doctor，故答案选 A。

【点评】考查名词辨析，根据语境选择合适意义的词。

2．—Whose jackets are these?—They said they are______. They lost them yesterday.A. OursB. Li Lei and Li Tao'sC. Li Lei′s and Li Tao's【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：——这些是谁的夹克衫？——他们说是李雷和林涛的。

他们昨天丢了。

句中jackets是复数，说明夹克衫是李雷和林涛各自所有的，所以分别都要用所有格，故答案选C。

【点评】考查名词所有格，注意物品是各自拥有还是共同拥有。

3．—Mr. Li, I feel a little nervous before the coming exam.—You'd better take a break from studies and relax yourself.A. restB. breathC. walk【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：---李老师，考试前我感觉有点紧张。

---你最好从学习中休息一下，放松自己。

break中断；休息；rest休息；breath呼吸；walk步行。

故答案为A。

【点评】考查词义辨析，理解句意，弄清划线的单词和备选项的意思，即可得出答案。

专题二句法知识语法知语法知识识第⑧讲主谓一致要点归纳思维导图考向及母题典例考向1 语法一致考向2 意义一致考向3 就近/远原则主谓一致各考向高频考点实用解题口诀高频考点1：Number的用法：口诀使用典例：_________the foreign friends here is over 400. And_______them come from the USA.A.The number of; the number ofB. A number of; a number ofC. The number of; a number ofD. A number of; the number of题目中需要对the number of(……的数量)与a number of(一些)进行区分时，用此口诀解题。

答案解析：根据题干中的is和come from并结合大招"鹅孵着蛋(a复the单)"可知，前单后复，前the后a.所以选C。

解题坑点学生在判断出“a复the单”后，还需要根据题干信息识别出所用的时态。

（2022·贵州黔东南·统考中考真题）In our school library, there _________ a number of books on art. The number of the books _________ still growing larger and larger.A．is; is B．are; is C．is; are D．are; are【答案】B【详解】句意：在我们学校的图书馆里，有许多关于艺术的书。

书的数量还在越来越多。

考查主谓一致。

根据“a number of books”可知，表复数概念，故第一空填are。

the number of表示“……的数量”，修饰主语，be动词用is，故选B。

高频考点2：成双对口诀使用典例：Look! The white shoes _ __30 dollars. That pair of yellow shoes _____20dollars.A.are; isB.are; areC.is;isD.is; are主语是成双成对的名词，如trousers, shoes,glasses等，需要确定谓语动词的单复数形式时，用此口诀解题。

专题01 名词1．（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Why do you practice Tai Chi every day?—Because this Chinese form of exercise helps me relax and find my inner (内心的) ________. A．voice B．quality C．beauty D．peace【答案】D【详解】句意：——你为什么每天都练太极？——因为这种中式的锻炼方式能帮助我放松，找到内心的平静。

考查名词辨析。

voice嗓音；quality质量；beauty美丽；peace平静。

根据“this Chinese form of exercise helps me relax and find my inner...”可知，此处是指练太极能帮助放松，找到内心的平静。

故选D。

2．（2021·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）The idiom(成语) “Mengzi’s mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best________ for her child.A．experience B．instruction C．environment D．information【答案】C【详解】句意：“孟母三迁”这个成语讲述的是一位母亲竭尽全力为孩子提供最好的环境的故事。

考查名词辨析。

experience经历；instruction指令；environment环境；information信息。

根据“Mengzi’s mother makes three moves”及常识，可知，《孟母三迁》讲的就是一个母亲为孩子提供最好环境的故事，故选C。

3．（2020·湖北·中考真题）—How’s Mr. Clark’s small company?—Quite good. It has grown to become a______________ in the international trade.A．rule B．duty C．power D．sign【答案】C【详解】句意：——克拉克的小公司怎么样？——非常好。

一轮复习:八下U8 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】【单词变形】【单词变性】actually副词变形容词______________________ beauty名词变形容词______________________ fiction名词变形容词______________________ French形容词变名词______________________ laughter名词变动词______________________ success名词变形容词______________________ introduce动词变名词______________________【一词多义】1. due _________________ ____________________Due to the bad weather, our flight was cancelled.The next train is due in five minutes.2. land _____________ ____________Our plane will land on the island in thirty minutes.We live on the land while fishes mostly live in the river.3. line _____________ ___________ _______________He is not on the line, so I can’t connect with him.Look, some birds are standing on the line.I sit on the sixth line.4. mark ____________ __________ ________________You can see the important point in red mark.Do you know your mark for the English examination?You can mark here in red to show its importance.5. record ____________ ____________ ____________Would you like to become a member of World Genuis Records?Have you recorded what the teacher said?Jay Zhou has made a lot of records which are really popular.6. rock _______________ _______________There are rocks around the seaside.Rock is a type of music which sounds energetic.7. hurry _____________ _____________Hurry up. There is little time left.We ran to the railway station in a hurry because there is little time left.8. fan _____________ _____________In the old times, we use fans instead of air-conditioner to cool ourselves. Usually fans are crazy when they meet their idle.【词汇用法】1. success: n./it’s a success that…2. belong: vi./belong to sb./无被动3. hurry: v./hurry to do sth./hurry up/n./in a hurry4. introduce: v./introduce sb. to sb./introduce oneself/introduce in【高频短语】due to________________ go abroad________________ travel abroad________________ on the island________________ break the records________________ make a record________________set a record________________ millions of________________ belong to________________ hurry up________________ in a hurry________________ introduce oneself________________【攻占语法】时态(现在完成时)一、现在完成时的基本形式: ____________________三、现在完成时的动词不规则变化2. ABB型(动词原形与过去式不同形，过去式与过去分词同形)四、现在完成时的意义:1. 过去发生的动作与现在有因果关系2. 过去发生的动作已经完成3. 过去发生的动作持续到现在，未来还有可能进行五、现在完成时的时间状语:1. 时间状语:1) 副词: already, yet, never, ever, just2) 介词+时间: for+一段时间/since +一段时间+ago/since+从句(一般过去时)/since then/from then on3) 次数: once/twice4) in the past few years/during the past few years六、短暂性动词vs. 延续性动词短暂性动词指的是: ___________________________________延续性动词指的是: ___________________________________请写出下列动词的的对应表达【词汇练习】1.I have ever been a ________ many times. I have been to Australia, France and England, and so on.2.She looks young. A ________, she is already 90 years old.3.The best things in the world are free such as laughter, friends, family, air and the b________ of nature.4.The house b ________ to me last month, but I don’t live here now.5.These kind people have helped me a lot I’ll remember them f ________.6.As there was little time left, Jessica had a quick breakfast and h ________ to the airport.7.Our head teacher i ________ the new classmate Tony to us just now.8.Listen! That house is full of l ________. What makes them so happy?9.Hainan is the second largest i ________ in China.10.What a great s ________ of your fashion show! Congratulations!11.There are m ________ of people visiting China every year.12.M ________ technology such as Internet has opened our eyes to many new things.13.He was No. 1 in the high jump and broke the school r ________ again.14.I haven’t finished reading Treasure Island. I’m only on p ________ 25.15.Look, the boy is playing happily by the river—he picks up the s ________ and then throws them into the river.16.Where is hot in China? I think s ________ China is hot.17.Many young men think that getting a good job is the ticket to s ________.18.I hope China will also get better at making high-t ________ products in the future.19.Dictionary is a useful t _______ for us to learn English.20.When the baby saw his mother, he ran t ________ her with tears quickly.【语法练习】1.We ________(be) happily married for thirty-five years. But I have to say that my husband’s transition(过渡) toretirement was one of biggest challenges in our life.2.She’s ___________________(invite) a lot of people. Do you think everyone will be able to get into her house?3.World Wildlife Fund(WWF) make a report last Tuesday. It stated that humans ______________(kill) 60% of theworld’s wildlife since 1970.4.Chang’e 4 has _______________(send) back photos of the far side of the moon.5.So far, we _______________(throw) tons of rubbish away in our daily life, and we have to make a change fromnow on.6.The idea of subjects in school ________(be) a common one in all parts of the world since the beginning ofeducation.7.Since then, Yousafzai ______________(become) a symbol for peace and girls’ right to receive an education.8.Recently Lindsay hasn’t felt herself. She was a really good student, but her grades ________(fall) since threemonths ago.9.Have you _______________(hear) of them yet?10.I was interested in swimming when I was five years old. I _______________(learn) to swim ever since.11.I went to the film museum last weekend. Have you ever ________________(be) there?12.In the past nine years, the ban ____________(work) well.13.“Blogging” ________(become) very popular in the past few years.14.Nowadays, returning to nature has ________(become) a new trend.15.It is hard to imagine you any other way! I am sure that you have already ________(make) a lot of new friends.16.In 1985, professional football became the top US sport people love. And it ______________(stay) at thenumber one sport since then.17.The Juri has ________(hit) stores recently and each product costs £79.99. Will the Jurni repeat the Trunki'ssuccess? Let’s wait and see.18.He ________(fall) over several times because the road to the village wasn’t smooth.19.She ________________(spend) 75 hours in the sky in total so far.20.Many students don't tell their parents just because they think they ______________(grow) up already.【参考答案】【单词变形】【单词变性】actually副词变形容词actual beauty名词变形容词beautiful fiction名词变形容词fictional French形容词变名词France laughter名词变动词laughsuccess名词变形容词successfulintroduce动词变名词introduction【一词多义】1. due 因为到期Due to the bad weather, our flight was cancelled.The next train is due in five minutes.2. land 着陆陆地Our plane will land on the island in thirty minutes.We live on the land while fishes mostly live in the river.3. line 在线排队行He is not on the line, so I can’t connect with him.Look, some birds are standing on the line.I sit on the sixth line.4. mark 记号分数标记You can see the important point in red mark.Do you know your mark for the English examination?You can mark here in red to show its importance.5. record 记录记录唱片Would you like to become a member of World Genuis Records?Have you recorded what the teacher said?Jay Zhou has made a lot of records which are really popular.6. rock 岩石摇滚There are rocks around the seaside.Rock is a type of music which sounds energetic.7. hurry 快点匆忙Hurry up. There is little time left.We ran to the railway station in a hurry because there is little time left.8. fan 风扇粉丝In the old times, we use fans instead of air-conditioner to cool ourselves. Usually fans are crazy when they meet their idle.【高频短语】due to因为，由于go abroad出国travel abroad出国旅行on the island在岛上break the records打破记录make a record创记录set a record创纪录millions of上百万的belong to属于hurry up快点儿in a hurry匆忙地introduce oneself自我介绍【攻占语法】时态(现在完成时)一、现在完成时的基本形式: have/has done三、现在完成时的动词不规则变化六、短暂性动词vs. 延续性动词短暂性动词指的是: 动作可以在瞬间完成，如open,close延续性动词指的是: 动作需要一段时间才能完成或者是表达状态, 如swim, have【词汇练习】Abroad actually beauty belonged forever hurried introduced laughter island success millions Modern records page stones southern success technology tool towards【语法练习】1.have been 做谓语for+一段时间，通常情况下用现在完成时，此处have been married 表延续意义2.invited 做谓语，注意’s的缩写可能为is，也可能为has，根据句意，已经邀请了，为has，invited 与has合在一起充当谓语，为现在完成时3.has killed 做谓语since 1970 用现在完成时4.been sent 做谓语，与has合在一起做谓语，为现在完成时，send为及物动词，缺少宾语，故为被动5.have thrown 做谓语，so far用现在完成时6.has been 做谓语，since the beginning of education用现在完成时，主语为单数，用三单7.has become 做谓语，since then 用现在完成时8.have fallen 做谓语，since three months ago用现在完成时9.heard 做谓语，与have合在一起做谓语，为现在完成时10.have learned 做谓语ever since 用现在完成时11.been 做谓语，与have合在一起做谓语，为现在完成时12.has worked 做谓语in the past nine years 用现在完成时13.has become 做谓语in the past few years 用现在完成时14.become 做谓语与has合在一起做谓语为现在完成时15.made 做谓语与have合在一起做谓语为现在完成时16.has stayed 做谓语since then 用现在完成时17.hit 做谓语与has合在一起做谓语，为现在完成时18.fell 做谓语句中为一般过去时19.has spent 做谓语so far 用现在完成时20.have grown 做谓语already 用现在完成时。