高考英语阅读理解专题训练：11阅读理解词义猜测三附参考答案

2020年高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专练（附答案）1.阅读理解A young man was walking through a supermarket to pick up a few things when he noticed an old lady following him around. Thinking nothing of it,he ignored her and continued on. Finally, he went to the checkout line, but she got in front of him. “Pardon me,” she said, “I'm sorry if my staring at you has made you feel uncomfortable. It's just that you look just like my son who just died recently.”“I'm very sorry,” replied the young man, “Is there anything I can do for you?”“Yes,” she said, “As I'm leaving, can you say ‘Goodbye mother'? It would make me feel much better”. “Sure,” answered the young man.As the old lady was leaving the count er, he called out from behind her, “Goodbye mother!” As he stepped up to the checkout counter and put what he bought on the counter, he saw that his total was $127.5. “How can that be?” he asked, “I only bought a few things!”“Your mother said that you would pay for her.” said the clerk.（1）The underlined word ‘ignore' most probably means _______.A. not to pay attention toB. to put on a smile atC. to watch out for （小心，当心）D. to look down upon（看不起）（2）Which of the following is the right order of the events in the story?a. the man said “Goodbye mother!”b. The woman left the supermarket.c. The woman spoke to the man.d. The man came to the counter.e. The woman got in front of the man.f. The woman followed the man.A. e,f,c,b,a,dB. c,e,f,a,b,dC. f,e,c,a,b,dD. d,e,c,f,b,a（3）What can be concluded（结论）from the passage?A. The man was fooled by the woman.B. The woman was too poor to pay for herself.C. The man didn't pay for the woman.D. The man didn't buy anything in the end.2.根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版1.The author uses the word "jubilant" in the passage. What does it mean?A.angryB.happyC.sadD.tired答案：B。

解析：在文章中可以通过作者描述的场景和氛围来猜测词义。

文中提到人们在庆祝活动中，脸上洋溢着笑容，由此可推断“jubilant”是高兴的意思。

选项A“angry”生气不符合庆祝活动的氛围；选项C“sad”悲伤也与场景不符；选项D“tired”疲惫同样不恰当。

2.In the story, the word "scurry" is mentioned. What's the meaning?A.walk slowlyB.run quicklyC.jump highD.stand still答案：B。

解析：根据上下文，文中描述小动物们在听到声音后迅速行动，可推测“scurry”是快速跑的意思。

选项A“walk slowly”走得慢与迅速行动不符；选项C“jump high”跳得高不相关；选项D“stand still”站着不动也不对。

3.The word "mellow" appears in the text. What does it mean?A.sharpB.softC.loudD.quiet答案：B。

解析：从文章中对音乐或氛围的描述可以推断“mellow”的意思。

文中提到音乐让人放松，氛围很温和，所以“mellow”是柔和的意思。

选项A“sharp”尖锐不符合；选项C“loud”大声不对；选项D“quiet”安静不准确。

4.The author writes about a "vivacious" person. What does "vivacious" mean?A.boringB.livelyC.shyD.calm答案：B。

专题11—人与动物或植物Text 1(2020年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅱ）)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.28．What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?A．To promote guilt-free fur.B．To expand the fashion market.C．To introduce a new brand.D．To celebrate a winter holiday.29．Why are scientists concerned about nutria?A．Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.B．Nutria are an endangered species.C．Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.D．Nutria are illegally hunted.30．What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?A．Boomed.B．Became mature.C．Remained stable.D．Crashed.31．What can we infer abouf wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?A．It’s formal.B．It’s risky.C．It’s harmful.D．It’s traditional.【答案】28．A29．A30．D31．B【解析】本文是说明文。

全国高考复习英语阅读理解专题词义猜测Passage 7(2012·高考湖北卷)When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on TransportationDays.It goes like this: You can’t take any means of transportation more than once. Wewould start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. We’d take the train intothe city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didn’t like the waythe horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the subway toour closest station, where Mom’s friend was waiting to give us a ride home－our firstcar ride of the day.The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how toget around. She was born to be multimodal( 多方式的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidence－the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels.Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between thetrain and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just light-raillines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one moretool in the toolbox－and often an inadequate one，limiting both your mobility andyour wallet.On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy anew book or toy，but the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough towatch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped meunlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do itmyself：How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? Howdo I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track，what line.whichdirection, where’s the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?I’m writing this right now on an airplane ，a means we didn’t try on our Transportation Days and ，we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of themall.My flight routed me through Philadelphia.My multimodal mom met me for dinnerin the airport. She took a train to meet me.1．Which was forbidden by Mom on Transportation Days?A．Having a car ride.B．Taking the train twice.C．Buying more than one toy. D．Touringthe historic district.2．According to the writer，what was the greatest benefit of her Transportation Days?A．Building confidence in herself.B．Reducing her use of private cars.C．Developing her sense of direction.D．Giving her knowledge about vehicles.3 ．The underlined word “paralyzed”(in Para. 5) is closest in meaning to“________．”A．displayed B．justifiedC．ignored D．ruined4．Which means of transportation does the writer probably disapprove of?A．Airplane. B．Subway.C．Tram. D．Car.Passage 8(2012·高考新课标卷)Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious.Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees’ nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper－a little bird called a honey guide.The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once ithas their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the_follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is whenthe honey guide takes its share.Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey fromhis beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.1．Why is it difficult to find a wild bees’ nest?A．It’s small in size. B．It’s hidden in trees.C．It’s covered with wax. D．It’s hard to recognize.2．What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A bee. B．A bird.C．A honey seeker. D．A beekeeper.3．The honey guide is special in the way________．A．it gets its foodB．it goes to churchC．it sings in the forestD．it reaches into bees’ nests4．What can be the best title for the text?A．Wild Bees B．Wax and HoneyC．Beekeeping in Africa D．Honey­Lover’s HelperPassage 7在“我”小时候，每到了交通日妈妈总会带着我和弟弟去旅行一天，途中我们会换乘各种不同的交通工具。

新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意（词义）解题策略高考考情分析解读：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的一种常见的题型。

词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断，既可以是生词生义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。

通过对近年新课标全国卷分析统计来看，词义猜测题一般有1－2题。

考查相对比较稳定，但难度略有增加，需要在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。

在词义猜测题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。

2016年全国卷设问形式例子：(1)What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)What does the underline phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)What does the word “contributions” in the la st paragraph refer to？(2015年课标全国卷Ⅰ)常见的命题形式有：The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “________” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”．What does the phrase “________”in Paragraph 1 mean?本学案结构：代词指代猜测题目句子猜测句意题目附：典故谚语知识储备单词或短语意思猜测题该题型着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。

高考英语阅读理解猜测词意高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求：阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

需要特别说明的是，考试说明中强调：“阅读部分要求学生读懂选自英语原版书籍、报纸和杂志（含网络版）的关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

文体包括记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等。

” 网络版英语文章也有可能成为阅读理解命题的材料。

1.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced frui t. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy de ssert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fru it and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.2. Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.What d o the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. The more, the better.B. Enough is enough.C. More money, more worries.D. Earn more and spend more.3. There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean?A．A practical idea. B．A vain hope.C．A brilliant plan. D．A selfish desire.4. This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.The underlined word “hoist”in Paragraph 4 means“________”．A．change B．liftC．repair D．decorate5. Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies,_ one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses. What does the underlined word“tyrannies”in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Countries where their people need help.B．Powerful states with higher civilization.C．Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.D．Governments ruled with absolute power.6. The objects around you are visible because they interact with light .Light typically travels in a straight line.But some materials slow and scatter (散射) light，bouncing it away from its original path.Others absorb light，stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it，so you can see it easily.The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means ________．A．silently B．graduallyC．regularly D．completely7. My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventyfive dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night.Fortunately，I didn’t get any channels showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragra ph 1?_______A．ended all their programsB．provided fewer channelsC．changed to commercialsD．showed allnight movies真题短文读一读A man’s position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _________ in this text.A. honorB. endangerC. proudD. shameThe ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished.A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.The underlined word “banished” mean_______.A. killed by stoningB. sent awayC. imprisonedD. punished by whippingAlthough he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from acustomer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.The word “jeopardize” means _____ in this text.A. protectB. endangerC. continueD. stopIt was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the 'decline of class' and 'classless society' in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class;73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percentthought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.42. The word stratification in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.A. varietyB. divisionC. authorityD. qualificationThe link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Quick to reactB. Having a thin edgeC. Clear and definiteD. sudden and rapidIn fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.70. What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Accept.B. Employ.C. Play with.D. Fight against.Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.52. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?A. Swallow more than you can digest.B. Act slightly above your abilities.C. Develop more mysterious powers.D. Learn to make creative decisions.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christin e Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how importan t family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when you’re raising children.”27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A. They were unsure of themselves.B. They were eager to raise more children.C. They wanted to live away from their parents.D. They had little respect for their grandparents.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it in the back porch （门廊）. Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I started stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.59. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?A. He missed the good old days.B. He wanted to tell interesting stories.C. He needed it for his milk bottles.D. He planted flowers in it.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I’m just not creative.”27. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Mistake.B. Drawback.C. Difficulty.D. Burden.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.30. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to ?A. The book.B. An adventure.C. A public place.D. The identification number.He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes.Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.63.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s ____.A. weak heartB. taking a shore jobC. failure to return to seaD. injury caused by a torpedo…… Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest （投入）in them. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribution what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline（减弱）until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.73. The underlined wo rd “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “”.A. appointmentB. connectionC. interviewD. agreementThere are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it. What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. A practical idea.B. A vain hope. (白日梦)C. A brilliant plan.D. A selfish desire.“My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 r efers to Welty's _______.A. readersB. partiesC. friendsD. stories高考英语阅读理解猜测词意参考答案1.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy desse rt, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fru it and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.解析：they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.孩子们喜欢把水果和冷冻的香蕉放到机器的顶部，看着冰激凌出来，因此此处a juicer是机器。

2019高考英语阅读理解专题-词义猜测类（含解析）一、阅读理解1.根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

Xinhua News—The Beijing government has set out to recruit thousands of university graduates to work as junior officials in rural areas to both improve rural administration and ease the city's employment problems.The government plans to recruit 3,000 university graduates this year, 1,000 more than last year, to work as assistants to village heads or party secretaries in suburban areas.People interested in jobs in Beijing's rural villages and towns can send applications to Beijing Municipal Bureau of Personnel or log on to from February 1 through March 15.“We hope university graduates will seize this opportunity to use their knowledge in rural villages and to start their careers,” Sun Zhenyu, the Deputy Director of Beijing Personnel Bureau, told Xinhua News Agency.The government has promised successful candidates a monthly salary of 2,000 Yuan in the first year, 2,500 Yuan the second year and 3,000 the third year, provided their performance is up to the required standards, Sun said.Wang Lina, who graduated from Beijing Union University last year, was one of the first graduates to find work in the city's countryside. After majoring in Industrial and Commercial Administration, Wang served as the assistant to the village head of Ertiaojie Village in suburban Beijing's Pinggu District. For one project, Wang contacted people at Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences and arranged for the local farmers to receive training in strawberry planting. Her efforts paid off. The village had a plentiful harvest of organic strawberries earlier this year.Nationwide, about 150,000 university graduates found employment in rural areas last year, according to the figures provided by the Ministry of Education.The ministry predicts that 4.95 million students will graduate from universities across the country this year, 820,000 more than last year. About 1.4 million of them are unlikely to find jobs when they graduate. In Beijing, a record of 200,000 people are expected to graduate from university this year. Less than half of them are expected to be offered jobs, according to Beijing Personnel Bureau.（1）From the story of Wang Lina we can learn that _________.A. Wang had great difficulty in helping villagers plant organic strawberriesB. local farmers can get big harvests if they work together with herC. the sooner you go to the countryside, the sooner you will be successfulD. university graduate can realize their value no matter where they work（2）The underlined word “recruit” in the first paragraph probably m eans ________.A. forceB. employC. encourageD. train（3）The last two paragraphs seem to tell us that ________.A. it is not easy for graduates to find jobs nowadaysB. more and more graduates will work as junior officialsC. the universities should not enroll so many studentsD. there are more and more jobs provided by the Ministry of Education（4）Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?A. The Government's Help for University GraduatesB. A Good Choice for University GraduatesC. Job Hunting for University GraduatesD. What is the Best Career?2.阅读理解Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). The smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour, the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didn't look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn't offend the nose so much, either. I took a taste. It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible, and we drank up every last drop of soup!（1）Why did Dad clean Old Man Mocolgin's chicken house regularly?A. To earn some money for the family.B. To collect manure for his crops.C. To get rid of the terrible smell.D. To set a good example to us.（2）What can we infer about Dad's stew?A. It is popular among the neighbors.B. It contains honey and vegetables.C. It looks very wonderful.D. It tastes quite delicious.（3）What does the underlined word “offend” in the last paragraph mean?A. To attract.B. To upset.C. To air.D. To shut. （4）What can we learn about Dad form the text?A. He is an experienced cook.B. He is a troublesome father.C. He has a positive attitude to life.D. He suffers a lot from his disability.3.阅读理解I've never been the kind of person to say, “it's the thought that counts” when it comes to gifts. That was until a couple of weeks ago, when my kids gave me a present that blew me away.For years now, I've been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and 1 raised our kids. But to me, this house is much more than just a building.In the front room, there's a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the progress of my children's growth.Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each child's name and the date they were measured. Of all the objects and all the memories, it's this one thing in a home that's the hardest to leave behind. Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. A new paint job wouldn't normally be greeted by tears, but erasing that evidence of motherhood hurts more than it should. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress, right there for everyone to see.Over the years, I've talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, even though the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do something about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer whose work is about capturing (捕捉) the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ballgowns (舞会礼服). She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, took photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints (手印), and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories perfectly. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, transforming them into a beautiful history of my family.Three weeks later, my children's wonderful gift made its way to me—a life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.（1）The underlined phrase in Para. I “blew me away" probably means “”.A. attracted meB. surprised meC. accepted meD. refused me （2）What does the house really mean to the author?A. A house.B. Buildings.C. An object.D. Memories. （3）What surprised the friends I know after work?A. Finding the wall repainted.B. Erasing the fingerprints.C. Greeting them by tears.D. Leaving the wall unfinished（4）What is the best title for the text?A. Gift Made with LoveB. Buildings Made by ChildrenC. A Very Wonderful PaintingD. A Family History4.阅读理解Nervous suspects locked up in Britain's newest police station may feel relieved by a pleasant yellow color on the door . If they are close to confessing（供认）a crime , the blue on the wall might tip the balance .Gwent Police have abandoned colors such as greys and browns of the 20th-century police cell （牢房）and have used color psychology to decorate them .Ystrad Mynach station , which recently opened at a cost of ￡5 million has four cells with glass doors for prisoners who suffer from claustrophobia（幽闭恐怖症）. Designers have painted the frames yellow , which researchers say is a calming color . Other cells contain a royal blue line because psychologists believe that the color is likely to encourage truthfulness .The station has 31 cells , including 12 with a “live scan” sys tem for drunken or disturbed prisoners , which detects the rise and fall of their chest . An alarm alerts officers if a prisoner's breathing stops and carries on ringing until the door is opened .Designers and psychologists have worked for years on color . Blue is said to suggest trust , efficiency , duty , logic , coolness , thinking and calm . It also suggests coldness and unfriendliness . It is thought that strong blues will stimulate clear thought and lighter , soft colors will calm the mind and aid concentration .Yellow is linked with confidence , self-respect and friendliness get the color wrong and it could cause fear , depression and anxiety , but the right yellow can lift spirits and self-respect .Ingrid Collins , a psychologist who specializes in the effects of color , said that color was an “ energy force ” . She said : “ Blue does enhance communication but I am not sure it would enhance truthful communication . ”Yellow , she said , affected the mind . Red , on the other hand , should never be considered because it could increase aggression . Mrs. Collins praised the designers for using colors in the cells . Gwent is not the first British force to experiment with color to calm down or persuade prisoners to co-operate , In the 1990s Strathclyde Police used pink in cells based on research carried out by the US Navy .（1）The expression “ tip the balance ” in Paragraph 1 probably indicates that the blue might __________ .A. let suspects keep their balanceB. help suspects to confess their crimesC. make suspects cold and unfriendly in law courtD. enable suspects to change their attitudes to colors（2）Which of the following helps alert officers if someone stops breathing ?A. Scanning equipment .B. Royal blue lines .C. Glass doors .D. Yellow frames . （3）The passage is mainly concerned with __________ .A. the relationship between colors and psychologyB. a comparison of different functions of colorsC. the use of colors in cells to affect criminals' psychologyD. scientific ways to helpcriminals reform themselves in prison5.阅读理解One afternoon I toured an art museum while waiting for my husband to finish a business meeting.I was looking forward to a quiet view of the art works.A young couple viewing the paintings ahead of me chatted nonstop between themselves.I watched them a moment and decided the wife was doing all the talk.I admired the husband's patience for putting up with her continuous talk.Distracted by their noise,I moved on.I met with them several times as I moved through the different rooms of art.Each time I heard her constant burst of words,I moved away quickly.I was standing at the counter of the museum gift shop making a purchase when the couple came near to the exit.Before they left,the man reached into his pocket and pulled out a white object.He extended it into a long stick and then tapped his way into the coatroom to get his wife's jacket.“He's a brave man.”The clerk at the counter said,”Most of us would give up if wewere blinded at such a young age.During his recovery he made a promise that his life wouldn't change. So, as before,he and his wife come in whenever there's a new art show.”“But what does he get out of the art?”I asked,“He can't see.”“Can't see?You're wrong.He sees a lot.More than you or I do.”The clerk said,“His wife describes each painting so he can see it in his head.”I learned something about patience,courage and love that day.I saw the patience of a young wife describing paintings to a person without sight and the courage of a husband who would not allow blindness to change his life.And I saw the love shared by two people as I watched this couple walk away hand in hand.（1）The young couple were at an art museum ________.A. to discuss paintingsB. to show their loveC. to appreciate artD. to describe paintings（2）“I moved away quickly.”in Paragraph 3 shows that the writer ________.A. was in the hope of visiting more roomsB. was in a hurry to buy some giftsC. was not interested in the art showD. was tired of the nonstop talking（3）We can infer from the passage that the husband _________.A. couldn't stand his wifeB. was not born blindC. knew nothing about artD. completely depended on his wife（4）After hearing what the clerk had said about the couple,the writer was ________.A. touched（感动的）B. excitedC. encouragedD. annoyed（气恼的）6.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

高三英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题方法总结单选题30题1.The word "procrastinate" in the sentence "He is always procrastinating his work." can be guessed from the context. The possible meaning is _____.A.finish quicklyB.start earlyC.put offD.do carefully答案：C。

本题通过上下文逻辑关系来猜测词义。

句子“He is always procrastinating his work.”表示“他总是拖延工作”，选项A“finish quickly（快速完成）”、选项B“start early（早早开始）”、选项D“do carefully 认真做）”都不符合语境，只有选项C“put off 推迟）”符合“拖延工作”的意思。

解题技巧为通过上下文逻辑关系猜测词义。

2.The new word "biodegradable" can be understood by analyzing its parts. The meaning is related to being able to _____.st foreverB.be broken down by living thingsC.be very expensiveD.be made quickly答案：B。

本题利用构词法来猜测词义。

“bio-”表示“生命、生物”，“degradable”表示“可降解的”，所以“biodegradable”的意思是“可被生物降解的”。

选项A“last forever（ 永远持续）”、选项C“be very expensive非常昂贵）”、选项D“be made quickly（快速制成）”都与构词法分析出的意思不符，只有选项B“be broken down by living things 被生物分解）”符合。

阅读理解-词义猜测三1、 The Edinburgh International Film Festival, after 60 years as one of thecity's cultural focuses in August, will move to June from next year. Artisticdirector Hannah McGill said the festival needed more breathing space.“There are huge advantages in having all these cultural events in one place and time,” she said. “But there is limited space. It’s like when a child has a birthday on Christmas Day —it all comes on top of each other.”Ms McGill said that the film festival wanted to use extra places to organize events and conferences which Edinburgh was too crowded to provide in August. Shespoke of her difficulty, for example, being unable to hold an exhibition as partof the film festival because of limited space.However, Jon Morgan, the director of the Edinburgh Fringe Festival,deprecated the film festival s move which suggested the city was overburdened inAugust. “There are still hundreds of spaces that aren't used,and there is stillroom for it to expand,” he saidThe move to June made s ense. It would allow more air between it and the London Film Festival, providing for more distinctive (有特色的)programming.“June will give us the breathing space to expand and create our own identity, allowing us to further develop our position as one of the world's most innovative(创新的) and challenging annual film events,” Ms McGill said The festival organisers thought that the move to June would not reduceaudiences,saying film-lovers would visit Edinburgh in early summer. Ginnie Atkinson, the festival’s managing director, said, “Our audiences are very film-focused. Last year we asked in our market research if they would come if we were the only showin town and they said yes.”1.The passage intends to tell us that the Edinburgh International FilmFestival ___________.A.needs improvingB.enjoys great successC.needs more breathing spaceD.will move to “quieter” June2.The underlined sentence in the second paragraph suggests that _______.A.having two important events in one place and time has many advantagesB.having two important events in one place and time will cause pressureC.wonderful things always go hand in handD.having a birthday on Christmas Day is a lucky thing3.The underlined word “deprecated” in Paragraph 4 probably means__________.A.disagreed toB.approved ofC.supportedD.held4.We can infer from the passage that ________.A.the move to June will affect the number of people who visit EdinburghB.the festival is one of the world s most innovative and challenging annual filmeventsC.the festival has been one of Edinburgh's cultural focuses for 60 yearsD.it is generally believed that August is a busy month to the cultural circles inEdinburgh2、 Stonehenge, the world-famous circle of stone columns may 12. have had abrother. A much bigger, older brother.University of Bradford researchers announced they had discovered about 100stones covering several acres thought to have been built around 4,500 years ago.The Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Project discovered the monument, which is nearDurrington Walls, also known as “ superhenge”. Stonehenge, which is believed tohave been completed 3,500 years ago, is about 2 miles away. "What we are startingto see is the largest surviving stone monument, preserved underneath a bank, thathas ever been discovered in Britain and possibly in Europe,” said Vince Gaffney.The evidence was found under 3 feet of earth. Some of the stones are thought to have stood 15 feet tall before they were toppled. "Our radar data have shown anamazing row of up to 90 standing stones, a number of which have survived after being pushed over, and a large bank placed over the stones," said professor WolfgangNeubauer, director of the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection and Virtual Archaeology.“ In the east,up to 30 stones ... have survived below,” he said. “The extraordinary scale and details of the evidence produced by the Stonehenge HiddenLandscapes Project, which the new discoveries at Durrington Walls, is changingfundamentally(根本上) our understanding of Stonehenge and the world around it,"Neubauer added."Everything written before about the Stonehenge landscape and the ancientmonuments within it will need to be rewritten,”　said Paul Garwood, a scientist and lead historian on the project at the University of Birmingham. The findings wereannounced on the first day of the British Science Festival being held at theUniversity of Bradford.1.It is believed that the superhenge is _________ earlier than the Stonehenge.A.1,000 yearsB.2,500 yearsC.3,500 yearsD.4,500 years2.What do researchers think of the superhenge?A.It is the biggest monument discovered in the world.B.It was built much later than the Stonehenge.C.It is the largest surviving stone monument found in England.D.It is better protected than the Stonehenge.3.What do the underlined word “toppled” most probably mean?A.Set up.B.Pushed down.C.Moved away.D.Brought up.4.What is the best title of the passage?A.The southern England has many historic sitesB.The British Science Festival will be held againC.Bigger Brother to Stonehenge has been discoveredD.The Project at the University of Birmingham3、 If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but sinceit has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as GoldenDelicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see therange of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by theRomans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try,as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One ofthe v ery best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll needa warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will bestsuit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit,including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园).If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, nearFaversham in Kent.1.What can people do at the apple events?A.Attend experts’ lectures.B.Visit fruit-loving families.C.Plant fruit trees in an orchard.D.Taste many kinds of apples.2.What can we learn about Decio?A.It is a new variety.B.It has a strange look.C.It is rarely seen now.D.It has a special taste.3.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.A practical idea.B.A vain hope.C.A brilliant plan.D.A selfish desire.4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A.To show how to grow apples.B.To introduce an apple festival.C.To help people select apples.D.To promote apple research.4、 In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous(土著的) people. Surprisingly, these people live largely bytheir own laws and their own social customs. And yet, people in this area are infact French citizens because it has been a colony(殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946. In theory, they should live by the French law is often ignored or unknown, thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effectsof a Frenchman form Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on the edge of the Amazon r ainforest,with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital, Cayenne.“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years,” says Gin. “I’ve been able to keep firmfriendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their livingenvironment. I don’t see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area offreedom.”　“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon theuncivilized life,” continues Gin. “I prefer to work in black and white, whichallows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”　His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time. Thesepictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for.These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which bringswith it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and evensuicide.1.Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana?A.They seldom follow the French law.B.They often ignore the Guianese law.C.They are separated from the modern world.D.They are both Guianese and French citizens.2.Gin introduced the special world of the indigenous Guianese as _________.A.a tour guideB.a geographerC.a film directorD.a photographer3.What is Gin’s attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?A.Cautious.B.Doubtful.C.Uninterested.D.Appreciative.4.What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?A.The modern French lifestyle.B.The self-supporting hunting.C.The uncivilized hunting.D.The French Republic.5、"Indeed," George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, "some kind of fly, orbug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home." But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referringto insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already createdlightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in theirlanguage, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans usedto be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to, bug, that is, "to install(安装) an alarm". Now i t means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversations. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant "to cheat", and since the 1940s it has been annoying.We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. Thatmeaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as "little problems and difficulties" that required months of study and labor to overcome indeveloping a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison "had been upthe two previous nights discovering 'a bug' in his invented record player."1.We learn from Paragraph 1 that .A.Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bugB.George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bugC.the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth centuryD.both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century2.What does the word "flaw" in the last paragraph probably mean?A.ExplanationB.FindingC.OriginD.Fault3.The passage is mainly concerned with .A.the misunderstanding of the word bugB.the development of the word bugC.the public views of the word bugD.the special characteristics of the word bug6、Ask people in the UK what the words “Sunday roast” mean to them, and they’ll probably take you back to their grandmothers’　dining rooms –maybe with a few stories of “the greatest puddings”　and “the best ever steak”. But now the traditional Sunday roast seems to have been left back in the old days. Accordingto the Daily Mail, just one in 50 British families sits down to this weekly mealtogether.There are many reasons why the roast is becoming less popular. In the busymodern world, where breakfast is a slice of toast eaten on the way to work or school and lunch is a quick sandwich in front of the computer screen, people just don’t seem to have the time or patience to make a roast.And Sunday was once a day when people could easily go to the kitchen to cook. Nowadays, people are often out shopping or at the cinema until it’s far too lateto start thinking about heating the oven(烤箱) up.However, a recent article from The Telegraph warned against being carriedaway by our tight schedules: “It would be a shame to let this fine old tradition disappear.”The Guardian further explained that the eating of the big meal is only thehalf of it .The Sunday roast also makes for relaxed morning activities in the kitchen,and the table becomes the perfect place to share good food and chat with family and friends. “For busy moms and dads, even if you can manage to turn off your mobilephone and the TV only once a week and turn the Sunday roast into a real family event, children can have fun cooking the food and clearing up together.”1.The best title for the passage is probably _____.A.Sunday—Best Time for FamilyB.Sunday Roast Dying OutC.It’s the Perfect Time for UsD.Let’s Sit Down Together2.Why do people pay less attention to Sunday roast?A.They have a busy lifestyle.B.They have no interest in cooking.C.They don’t think it worthwhile.D.They are living in the modern society.3.What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?A.A recent article.B.A traditional kitchen.C.The fine old tradition.D.Sunday morning activity.4.How does the author feel towards Sunday roast’s dying out?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Sorry.D.Uncertain.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D解析：1.主旨大意题。

阅读理解专项打破III词义揣测【命题特点】考察依据上下文推想生词和短语的实力,突出考察对语境的分析和把握的实力。

【常见考法】1. The underlined word “…”probably means____.2. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to/suggests____.3. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____.4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…”5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”6. By saying “…”, we mean_____.7. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is related to_____.一．通过定义或说明推想语义有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。

这些修饰成分可以扶植我们推断诞生词的语义（1）定义句的谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define（下定义）, represent, signify（表示，说明）, constitute（指。

）等。

（2）说明则常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is（to say）, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或说明。

高考英语必考点妙解专题：猜测词义本类考题解答锦囊英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。

即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。

如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。

据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。

因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。

任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。

NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。

但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。

此类题的提问形式一般有：1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?2. The underlined word, means_______.3. The underlined phrase, means_______.4. Theun derlined sentence,means_______.利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：1.根据定义或解释猜测词义【例题】(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。

(2)A biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else 根据定义，biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。

(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy.2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。

2017届新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意（词义）解题策略高考考情分析解读：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的一种常见的题型。

词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断，既可以是生词生义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。

通过对近年新课标全国卷分析统计来看，词义猜测题一般有1－2题。

考查相对比较稳定，但难度略有增加，需要在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。

在词义猜测题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。

2016年全国卷设问形式例子：(1)What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)What does the underline phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)What does the word “contributions” in t he last paragraph refer to？(2015年课标全国卷Ⅰ)常见的命题形式有：The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “________” in Paragraph 2can best be replaced by “________”．What does the phrase “________”in Paragraph 1 mean?本学案结构：代词指代猜测题目句子猜测句意题目附：典故谚语知识储备单词或短语意思猜测题该题型着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。

高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题(含答案)1.The boy was so naughty that he often got into trouble. What does "naughty" mean?A.cleverB.badC.shyD.kind答案：B。

解析：根据后文“he often got into trouble”可知这个男孩经常惹麻烦，所以“naughty”的意思是调皮捣蛋的、不好的，即“bad”。

选项A“clever”聪明的不符合语境；选项C“shy”害羞的也不符合；选项D“kind”善良的与惹麻烦不相符。

2.The old man walked slowly along the path. What does "path" mean?A.roadB.riverC.fieldD.building答案：A。

解析：老人沿着某个地方慢慢地走，结合常识可知通常是沿着路走，“path”在这里的意思是路，即“road”。

选项B“river”河流；选项C“field”田野；选项D“building”建筑物，都不符合语境。

3.The girl was very excited when she saw the beautiful flower. What does "excited" mean?A.tiredB.happyC.sadD.angry答案：B。

解析：女孩看到漂亮的花，通常会感到高兴，“excited”在这里表示兴奋的、激动的，和“happy”意思相近。

选项A“tired”疲劳的；选项C“sad”悲伤的；选项D“angry”生气的都不符合语境。

4.The dog barked loudly at the stranger. What does "barked" mean?A.jumpedB.ranC.shoutedD.slept答案：C。

专题15 阅读理解：词意猜测题备考高考英语二轮复习名校最新模拟试题词义猜测（共20小题）1. (云南省昆明市云南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期适应性月考)Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.33. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “synthetically” in paragraph 3?A. NaturallyB. ArtificiallyC. BiologicallyD. Industrially【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。

由第三段“Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles. (虽然香草香精可以在天然香子兰豆提取物中找到，但也可以使用来自汽油的化学物质synthetically香草香精。

易错点16 阅读理解词义猜测题目录01 易错陷阱（3大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】句意猜测易混易错点03 易错题通关养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

易错陷阱1：词义/词组指代易混易错点。

【分析】这类题错误主要因为基础词汇量积累和词根词缀积累不足，根据构词法猜词是阅读理解必不可少的能力。

平时应当大量积累单词，同时利用前后的同位关系或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。

易错陷阱2：代词指代猜测易混易错点。

【分析】阅读材料中的每个词与它前面的词语或句子甚至段落都有着密切的关联。

有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远，应当对前面提到的内容进行总结，认真查找，才能得出代词所指代的事。

易错陷阱3：句意猜测易混易错点。

【分析】此类题型应当定位画线句子，充分利用语法和逻辑关系分析原句。

同时分析理解画线句前后的语境，合理归纳总结找出与原句意思相同的选项并代入画线处验证。

切不可因为句中出现熟词，而脱离语境，望文生义。

【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【例1】（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三阶段试题）She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. This detailed mathematical model of the shape of the Earth was a building block for what would become the GPS orbit.What does the underlined phrase “a building block” in paragraph 5 mean?A．A basic part.B．A detailed map.C．A building material.D．A major obstacle.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。

高考冲刺：猜测词义题型阅读解题技巧题型介绍高考大纲要求考生能“根据上下文推断生词的词义”。

词义猜测题一般占阅读理解总题量的10%左右。

所猜词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。

常见提问方式The underlined word “______”in the passage means ______.What does “_______” in the third paragraph stand for?The word/phrase “________” most n early means ______.The word/phrase “______” could best be replaced by ______.The word/phrase “______” in Line…, Para …refers to______.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase/word/sentence “________”?What’s the meaning of “______” in Line …, Para …?The underlined sentence in the first /second... paragraph probably means that ________.正确选项的特点【链接高清】1. 对于超纲词汇的正确解释，如果将它代入回原文，则符合逻辑，使文章通顺易懂。

2. 对于未超纲的词或短语的正确解释，往往是熟词新义，是根据上下文推测的一个特定场合的含义。

干扰项的特点1.字面意思：对于熟悉的词，干扰项会列出它的字面意思或常规含义。

2.无关意思：除了字面意思，出题人还常用凭空杜撰出来的其它意思来干扰考生，但只要将此意思带入原文，不符合逻辑就能够排除。

解题思路1. 返回原文，结合上下文，理解该词的意思。

解密阅读理解之词义猜测题考点详解词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。

【命题趋势】1.要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或成熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。

2.要求猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。

3.代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常考类型。

用＂逻辑关系梳理法＂、＂递向寻踪法＂理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。

【设问形式】1. The underlined word ＂…＂in the second(third…) paragraph refers to(means) ______.2. By saying that ＂…＂in the first(second…) paragraph, the autho r means that ______.3. In paragraph …, ＂…＂can be replaced by ＂______＂.4. The meaning of ＂…＂in paragraph… is related to ______.5. Which of the following has the closest meaning to…(paragraph…)?6. The underlined sentence in the … paragraph probab ly means that _____.对此类试题，考生应该进行大胆猜测，但这种猜测不是胡乱的，盲目的，而是有一定的方法和技巧。

下面介绍几种常见的猜测词义的方法供同学们加以运用。

一、相似法：利用同义词、近义词（词组）或相似的结构猜测词义。