2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破
Step1猜测词义常见设问方式
1.Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to “’’?
2.What does the author probably mean by “’’?
3.The word “’’ in the contest means _____.
4.The term can be best replaced by _____.
5.The word “’’ probably refers to ____.
6.As used in the line … the word “’’ refers to ______.
7.According to the passage, the word “’’ is known as_____.
8.The passage use the word “’’ to refer to ____
9.According to the author, the underlined word “’’ means____.
10.From the context/ passage, we can infer that the word “’’ means _____.
在词义猜测题中，有些词汇并非生词，只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具体含义，或找出其指代对象。做这类题，应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文，文章中往往会对这类词或短语进行重复解释或概括归纳。因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。Step2. 方法探究
1. Charlotte’s tale was inspired by the girls’coin collection. “We’ve
collected foreign coins for years-since our families went on holiday to Tenerife,” she explains. “That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.”
The underlined word “pesetas” in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _______.
A. story
B. collection
C. inspiration
D. foreign coin
2. Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Houng’s deeds
remind us of what we usually neglect: love and care for others. Without these, none of us could survive. Houng turned down donations from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work.
The underlined word “donation” in probably means ______.
A. invitation to give a speech
B. something, especially given to help others
C. questions asked by interviewers
D. chances to be a hero
【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
____________________________________________________________________________ 3. The elder learn to master the Internet and to overcome what Lansdale calls
the maladies of the institutionalized: loneliness, helplessness, boredom, and lose of memory.
4. Some ships carried cargo such as coal, oil and military supplies (军用物
资),while others carried only passengers.
5. Scientists grow large quantities of common mould (霉菌)so that they can get penicillin from it in order to make antibiotics, that is, substances that kill germs.
6. Marine biology, the study of oceanic plants and animals and their relation, has furthered the efficient development of fisheries.
7. Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such
as shoplifter, who always takes away things from the shop without paying for them.
【思考归纳】这几道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
____________________________________________________________________________ 8. Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions
without seeking the opinions of others.
From the passage, we can infer that the word “autocratic’’ means ______
A. friendly to others
B. modest and kindly
C. sticking to one’s own opinion
D. hard-working
9. Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a dictionary
page.
jazz: 1. n.a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2. n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3. n. slang. Empty talk. 4. adj. of or like jazz; a jazz band, jazz records.
What does the word “jazz” mean in the following sentence?
Don’t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.
A. Rhythmic beats.
B. A type of music.
C. A kind of dance.
D. Meaningless talk.
【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
____________________________________________________________________________ 10. “Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down. They
must be carefully cultivated.”
The underlined word “cultivated” (Paragraph 1) roughly means ______.
A. encouraged
B. compared
C. examined
D. developed
11. Written language tends to be static, while spoken language constantly changes.
According to the author, the underlined word static means ______.
A. unchangeable
B. inactive
C. respective
D. widespread
12. Unlike the Unite States where many different nationalities make up the
population, Japan’s population is quite homogeneous.
【思考归纳】这三道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一
