高级英语第七课The+Libido+for+The+Ugly

[中学]The Libido for the Ugly词汇注解Libido (n.): psychic energy generally;specifically，a basic form of psychic energy，comprising thepositive。

loving instincts manifested variously at different stages of personality development欲望 lucrative (adj.) : producing wealth or profit;profitable;remunerative有利可图的;赚钱的 hideous (adj.) : horrible to see, hear, etc.; very ugly or revolting; dreadful骇人听闻的;非常丑陋的;可怕的forlorn (adj.) : in pitiful condition;wretched;miserable可怜的;悲惨的;不幸的 macabre (adj.) : gruesome;grim and horrible;ghastly可怕的;令人毛骨悚然的;恐怖的 computation (n.) : the act of computing;calculation 计算abominable (adj.) : nasty and disgusting;vile;loathsome讨厌的，可恶的alley (n.) : a narrow street or walk;specifically，a lane behind a row of buildings or between tworows of buildings that face on adjacent streets胡同;小巷;小街filth (n.) : disgustingly offensive dirt，garbage，etc(污秽，污物;垃圾allude (v.) : refer in a casual or indirect way(随便或间接)提到，涉及;暗指 monstrousness (n.) : strange shape奇形怪状lacerate (v.) : tear jaggedly;mangle(something soft，as flesh);wound or hurt(one’s feelings，etc()deeply;distress撕裂;割碎(肉等软组织);伤害(感情等);使…伤心 pretentious (adj.) : making claims，explicit or implicit，to some distinction，importance，dignity，or excellence自负的;自命不凡的;自大的linger (v.) : continue to stay，esp(through reluctance to leave逗留(尤指不愿离开) downright (adv.) : thoroughly;utterly;really彻底地，完全地;真正地dormer (n.) : a window set upright in a sloping roof屋顶窗leprous (adj.) : of or like leprosy;having leprosy麻风的;似麻风的;患麻风病的 rat-trap (n.) : a trap for catching rats捕鼠夹(子) misshapen (adj.) : badly shaped;deformed奇形怪状的;畸形的uncomely (adj.) : having unpleasant appearance不美观的，不好看的grime (n.) : dirt，esp(sooty dirt，rubbed into or covering a surface，as of the skin(尤指经摩擦而深入或覆盖皮肤等表面的)积垢;污秽gully (n.) : a channel or hollow worn by running water; small，narrow ravine沟壑，狭沟，冲沟 chalet (n.) : a type of Swiss house，built of wood with balconies and overhanging eaves(瑞士的木造)农舍，山上小舍high-pitched (adj.) : steep in slope said of roofs)(屋顶)坡度陡的dingy (adj.) : dirty-colored;not bright or clean;grimy不干净的;不明亮的;弄脏的 clapboard (n.) : a thin，narrow board with one edge thicker than the other，used as siding护墙板，隔板preposterous (adj.) : so contrary to nature，reason， or common sense as to be laughable;absurd;ridiculous反常的;乖戾的;十分荒谬的;愚蠢的pier (n.) : a heavy column，usually square. used to support weight，as at the end of an arch角柱;支柱cemetery (n.) : a place for the burial of the dead;graveyard公墓，墓地;坟场 swinish (adj.) : of or like a swine;beastly;piggish;coarse，etc(猪(似)的;鄙贱的;粗俗的 perpendicular (adj.) : exactlyupright;vertical. straight up or down垂直的;矗立的 precarious (adj.) : uncertain;insecure;risky不稳定的;不安全的;危险的 eczematous (adj.) : of itching skin disease湿疹的patina (n.) : a fine crust or film on bronze or copper(usually green or greenish—blue，formed by natural oxidation and often valued as being ornamental(青铜器上的)绿锈uremia (n.) : a toxic condition caused by the presence in the blood of waste products normallyeliminated in the urine and resulting from a failure of the kidneys to secrete urine尿毒症 loathsome (adj.) : causingloathing;disgusting;abhorrent;detestable讨厌的;厌恶的;令人作呕的laborious (adj.) : involving much hardwork;difficult.;industrious;hard—working费力的;困难的;勤劳的;辛苦的incessant (adj.) : never ceasing;continuing or being repeatedwithout stopping or in a way thatseems endless:constant不停的，连续的;不间断的decompose (v.) : break up or separate into basic components or parts;rot分解;(使)腐烂，(使)腐败forsake (v.) : give up;renounce(a habit，idea，etc();leave;abandon抛弃，放弃(思想、习惯等);遗弃;背弃malarias (adj.) : of fever conveyed by mosquitoes疟疾的;空气污浊的hamlet (n.) : a very small village小村庄incomparable (adj.) : no beyond comparison;unequalled;matchless无与伦比的，举世无双的;无敌的，无比的titanic (adj.) : of great size，strength，or power巨大的;力大无比的;有极大权力的 aberrant (adj.) : turning away from what is right，true，etc(:deviating from what is normal ortypical与正确或真实情况相背的;偏离常规的;反常的uncompromising (adj.) : not compromising oryielding;firm;inflexible;determined不妥协的;坚定的;不让步的;坚决的inimical (adj.) : 1ike anenemy;hostile;unfriendly;adverse;unfavorable敌人似的;敌对的;不友好的;相反的;不利的ingenuity (n.) : cleverness，originality，skill，etc(机智;创造力，独创性;熟练 grotesquery (n.) : the quality or state of being grotesque奇形怪状;怪诞retrospect (n.) : a looking back on or thinking about thingspast;contemplation or survey of thepast回顾，回想;追溯diabolical (adj.) : of the devil or devils;fiendish恶魔的;残忍的，凶暴的concoct (v.) : devise，invent，or plan计划，策划;虚构，编造insensate (adj.) : not feeling，or not capable of feeling，sensation 无感觉的，无知觉的 brute (n.) : an animal;a person who is brutal or very stupid，gross，sensual，etc(畜生;笨蛋，粗野的人abomination (adj.) : great hatred，and disgust;anything hateful and disgusting憎恨，厌恶;令人讨厌的东西putrid (adj.) : decomposing;rotten and foul—smelling腐烂的，腐败的deface (v.) : spoil the appearance of;disfigure;mar损坏…的外表;丑化inadvertence (n.) : the quality of beinginadvertent;oversight;mistake掉以轻心，粗心大意;疏漏;错误obscene (adj.) : offensive to one’s feelings，or to prevailing notions，of modesty of decency;lewd;disgusting猥亵的;诲淫的;可憎的unfathomable (adj.) : which cannot be understood;which cannot be reached不可理解的;深不可测的enigmatical (adj.) : of or like an enigma;perplexing;baffling谜一般的，谜似的;不可思议的，费解的dogmatic (adj.) : of or like dogma;doctrinal教条(主义)的;教义的edifice (n.) : a building，esp(a large，imposing one建筑物;尤指大型建筑物，大厦 depravity (n.) : a depraved condition;corruption;wickedness 堕落，腐化，腐败 penthouse (n.) : a small structure，esp(one with a sloping roof，attached to a larger building小棚屋，(尤指靠在大楼边上搭的)披屋lust (n.) : a desire to gratify the senses;bodily appetite欲望;贪欲etiology (n.) : the assignment of a cause，or the cause assignment本源，原因(的说明) pathological (adj.) : of pathology;of or concerned with diseases病理学的;病理上的border upon : to be like;almost be相近，类似例: His emotion is bordering upon hysteria(他的情绪接近歇斯底里。

翻译Lesson 7 The Libido for the UglyParagraph 1On a winter day some years ago, coming out of Pittsburgh on one of the expresses of the Pennsylvania Railroad, I rolled eastward for an hour through the coal and steel towns of Westmoreland country.It was familiar ground; boy and man, I had been through it often before. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.Here was the very heart of industrial Ameria, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth---and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination---and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.Paragraph 2I am not speaking of mere filth. One expects steel towns to be dirty. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness, of every house in sight.From East Liberty to Greensburg, a distance of 25 miles, there was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the eye.Some were so bad, and they were among the most pretentious --churches, stores, warehouses, and the like--that they were downright startling; one blinked before them as one blinks before a man with his face shot away.A few linger in memory, horrible even there: a crazy little church just west of Jeannette, set like a dormer window on the side of a bare leprous hill; the headquarters of the Veterans of Foreign Wars at another forlorn town, a steel stadium like a huge rat--trap somewhere further down the line.But most of all I recall the general effect--of hideousness without a break. There was not a single decent house within eyerange from the Pittsburgh to the Greensburg yards.There was not one that was not misshapen, and there was not one that was not shabby.Lesson 6 Disappearing through the SkylightParagraph 13The playfulness of the modern aesthetic is, finally, its most striking---and also its most serious and, by corollary, its most disturbing ---feature.The playfulness imitates the playfulness of science that produces game theory and virtual particles and black holes and that, by introducing human growth genes into cows, forces students of ethics to reexamine the definition of cannibalism.The importance of play in the modern aesthetic should not come as a surprise. It is announced in every city in the developed world by the fantastic and playful buildings of postmodernism and neomodernism and by the fantastic juxtapositions of architectural styles that typify collage city and urban adhocism. Paragraph 14Today modern culture includes the geometries of the International Style, the fantasies of facadism, and the gamesmanship of theme parks and museum villages.It pretends at times to be static but it is really dynamic. Its buildings move and sway and reflect dreamy visions of everything that is going on around them.It surrounds its citizens with the linear sculpture of pipelines and interstate highways and high--tension lines and the delicate virtuosities of the surfaces of the Chrysler Airflow and the Boeing 747 and the lacy weavings of circuits etched on silicon, as well as with the brutal assertiveness of oil tanker and bulldozers and the Tinkertoy complications of trusses and geodesic domes and lunar landers.It abounds in images and sounds and values utterly different from those of the world of natural things seen from a middle distance.Lesson 5 Love Is a FallacyParagrath 145-154I dashed perspiration from my brow. “Polly,” I croaked, “you mustn’t take all these things so literally. I mean this is just classroom stuff. You know that the things you learn in school don’t have anything to do with life.”“Dicto Simpliciter, ” she said, wagging her finer at me playfully.That did it. I leaped to my feet, bellowing like a bull. “Will you or will you not go steady with me?”“I will not,” she replied.“Why not?” I demanded.“Because this afternoon I promised Petey that I would go steady with him.”I reeled back, overcome with the infamy of it. After he promised, after he made a deal, after he shook my hand! “The rat!” I shrieked, kicking up great chunks of turf. “You can’t go with him, Polly. He is a liar. He is a cheat. He is a rat.”“ Poisoning the well,” said Polly, “and stopping shouting. I think shouting must be a fallacy too.”With an immense efforts of will, I modulated my voice. “All right,” I said. “You are a logician. Let us look at this thing logically. How could you choose Petey over me? Look at me--a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Look at Petey---a knothead, a jitterbug, a guy who will never know where his next meal is coming from. Can you give me one logical reason why you should go stead with him?”“I certainly can,” declared Polly, “He’s got a raccoon coat.”Lesson 4 Inaugural AddressParagraph 23Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in the historic effort?Paragraph 24In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility; I welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.Paragraph 25And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country.Paragraph 26My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.Lessen 3 Pub Talk and the King’s EnglishParagraph 9Someone took one of the best-known of examples, which is still always worth the reconsidering. When we talk of meat on our tables we use French words; when we speak of the animals from which the meat comes we use Anglo-Saxon words. It is a pig in its sty; it is pork (porc) on the table. They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf). Chickens become poultry (poulet), and a calf becomes veal (veau). Even if our menus were not written in French out of snobbery, the English we used in them would still be Norman English. What all this tells us is of a deep class rift in the culture of England after the Norman conquest.Paragraph 10The Saxon peasants who tilled the land and reared the animals could not afford the meat, which went to Norman tables. The peasants were allowed to eat the rabbits that scampered over their fields and, since that meat was cheap, the Norman lords of course turned up their up noses at it. So rabbit is still rabbit on our tables, and not changed into some rendering of lapin.Paragraph 11As we listen today to the arguments about bilingual education, we ought to think ourselves back intothe shoes of the Saxon peasant. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language. There must have been a great deal oaf cultural humiliation felt by the English when they revolted under Saxon leaders like Hereward the Wake. “The King’s English”--if the term had existed then--had become French. And here in America now, 900 years later, we are still the heirs to it.Lessen 2 MarrakechParagraph20But what is strange about these people is their invisibility. For several weeks, always at about the same time of day, the file of old women had hobbled past the house with their firewood, and though they had registered themselves on my eyeballs I cannot truly say that I had seen them. Firewood was passing--that was how I saw it. It was only that one day I happened to be walking behind them, and the curious up-and-down motion of a load of wood drew my attention to the human being beneath it. Then for the first time I noticed the poor old earth--coloured bodies, bodies reduced to bones and leathery skin, bent double under the crushing weight. Yet I suppose I had not been five minutes on Moroccan soil before I noticed the overloading of the donkeys and was infuriated by it. There is no question that the donkeys are damnably treated. The Moroccan donkey is hardly bigger than a St.Bernard dog, it carries a load which in the British Army would be considered too much for a 15-hands mule, and very often its packsaddle is not taken off its back for weeks together. But what is peculiarly pitiful is that it is the most willing creature on earth, it follows its master like a dog and does not need either bridle or halter. After a dozen years of devoted work it suddenly drops dead, whereupon its master tips it into the ditch and the village dogs have torn its guts out before it is cold.Paragraph 21This kind of thing makes one’s blood boil, whereas--on the whole--the plight of the human beings does not. I am not commenting, merely pointing to a fact. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. Anyone can be sorry for the donkey with its galled back, but it is generally owing to some kind of accident if one even notices the old woman under her load of sticks.Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane CamilleParagraph 21Seconds after the roof blew off the Koshak house, John yelled, “Up the stairs--into our bedroom! Count the kids.”The children huddled in the slashing rain within the circle of adults. Grandmother Koshak implored, “Children, let’s sing!”The children were too frightened to respond. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away.Paragraph 22Debris flew as the living-room fireplace and its chimney collapsed. With two walls in their bedroom sanctuary beginning to disintegrate, John ordered, “Into the television room!” This was the room farthest from the direction of the storm.Paragraph 23For an instant, John put his arm around his wife, Janis understood. Shivering from the wind and rain and fear, clutching 2 children to her, she thought. Dear Lord, give me the strength to endure what I have to. She felt anger against the hurricane. We won’t let it win.Paragraph 24Pop Koshak raged silently, frustrated at not being able to do anything to fight Camaille. Without reason, he dragged a cedar chest and a double mattress from a bedroom into the TV room. At that moment, the wind tore out one wall and extinguished the lantern. A second wall moved, waved, Charlie Hill tried to support it, but it toppled on him, injuring his back. The house, shuddering and rocking, had moved 25 feet from its foundations. The world seemed to be breaking apart.Paragraph 25“let’s get that mattress up!” John shouted to his father. “Make it a lean-to against the wind. Get the kids under it. We can prop it up with our heads and shoulders!”Paragraph 26The larger children sprawled on the floor, with the smaller ones in a layer on top of them, and the adults bent over all nine. The floor tilted. The box containing the litter of kittens slid off a shelf and vanished in the wind. Spooky flew off the top of a sliding bookcase and also disappeared. The dog cowered with eyes closed. A third wall gave way. Water lapped across the slanting floor. John grabbed a door which was still hinged to one closet wall. “If the floor goes,” he yelled at his father, “ Let’s go the kids on this.”Paragraph 27In that moment, the wind slightly diminished, and the water stopped rising. Then the water began receding. The main thrust of Camille had passed. The Koshaks and their friends had survived.。

爱丑之欲几年前的一个冬日，我乘坐宾夕法尼亚铁路公司的一班快车离开匹兹堡，向东行驶一小时，穿越了威斯特摩兰县的煤城和钢都。

这是我熟悉的地方，无论是童年时期还是成年时期，我常常经过这一带。

但以前我从来没有感到这地方荒凉得这么可怕。

这儿正是工业化美国的心脏，是其最赚钱、最典型活动的中心，世界上最富裕、最伟大的国家的自豪和骄傲——然而这儿的景象却又丑陋得这样可怕，凄凉悲惨得这么令人无法忍受，以致人的抱负和壮志在这儿成了令人毛骨悚然的、令人沮丧的笑料。

这儿的财富多得无法计算，简直都无法想象——也是在这儿，人们的居住条件又是如此之糟，连那些流浪街头的野猫也为之害羞。

我说的不仅仅是脏。

钢铁城镇的脏是人们意料之中的事。

我指的是所看到的房子没有一幢不是丑陋得令人难受，畸形古怪得让人作呕的。

从东自由镇到格林斯堡，在这全长25英里的路上，从火车上看去，没有一幢房子不让人看了感到眼睛不舒服和难受。

有的房子糟得吓人，而这些房子竞还是一些最重要的建筑——教堂、商店、仓库等等。

人们惊愕地看着这些房子，就像是看见一个脸给子弹崩掉的人一样。

有的留在记忆里，甚至回忆起来也是可怕的：珍尼特西面的一所样子稀奇古怪的小教堂，就像一扇老虎窗贴在一面光秃秃的、似有麻风散鳞的山坡上；参加过国外战争的退伍军人总部，设在珍尼特过去不远的另一个凄凉的小镇上。

沿铁路线向东不远处的一座钢架，就像一个巨大的捕鼠器。

但我回忆里出现的三要还是一个总的印象——连绵不断的丑陋。

从匹兹堡到格林斯堡火车调车场，放眼望去，没有一幢像样的房子。

没有一幢不是歪歪扭扭的，没有一幢不是破破烂烂的。

尽管到处是林立的工厂，遍地弥漫着烟尘，这一地区的自然霉仟并不差。

就地形而论，这儿是一条狭窄的河谷，其中流淌着一道道发源自山间的深溪。

这儿的人口虽然稠密，但并无过分拥挤的迹象，即使在一些较大的城镇中，建筑方面也还大有发展的余地。

这儿很少见到有高密度排列的建筑楼群，几乎每一幢房屋，无论大小，其四周都还有剩余的空地。