高考英语 第三部分 写作层级训练 第二步第三讲 如何写议论文的主体(讲解)
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灿若寒星
第三讲 如何写议论文的主体
李仕才
一、题型特点
议论性读写任务型作文指的是根据阅读材料所描述的某一事件、现象、观点或话题发表个人观点、意见和建议的一类读写任务，其实质就是要求考生根据题目要求写议论文。
二、写作技巧
英语议论文有其独特的框架结构，能让读者迅速捕捉作者的观点和思路，值得考生模仿。写作时应注意以下几点。
1.运用过渡语进行衔接过渡
过渡/引出话题 There is no doubt that...
It can not be denied that...
No one can ignore the fact that...
From what is mentioned above, we know...
提出观点 From my point of view...
As far as I am concerned...
I hold the view/belief that...
Personally, I believe that...
表达立场 Actually, I am in favour of the idea that...
In some way, I am against the thought that...
2.采用多种论证方式进行分析 ********灿若寒星竭诚为您提供优质文档*********
灿若寒星 议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，如通过对比观点、阐述原因、列举例子等，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件或为议论作补充；叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据，因此，叙述应该是概括的，描写应该是简要的。常用的句式有：
总述原因 There are several reasons that contribute to...
My views are based on the following reasons.
分层论述 To begin with/First of all...Besides/Furthermore/...Finally/Last but
not least...
On the one hand...On the other hand...
For one thing...For another...
列举例子 Take...for example.
For example/instance...
引出经历 It reminds me of the time when...
What impresses me most is that...
分析因果 Thanks to/Owing to/Because of...
Consequently/Therefore/Thus/As a result...
讨论后果 Just imagine what would be like if there were no...
3.结尾总结升华，重申观点
在文中或文末，考生可以用不同的语言重申主题或提出解决问题的建议，从而使文章结构严谨、主题鲜明。常用的句式有：
(1)To sum up/In short/In conclusion/On the whole/All in all...
(2)Taking all the factors into account, we can draw a conclusion that...
(3)From the discussion above, it can be safely concluded that... ********灿若寒星竭诚为您提供优质文档*********
灿若寒星 (4)Therefore, it is necessary for us to...
(5)To be brief, we should be aware of the importance of...
(6)Only when we/Only by..., can we...
【典例示范】 请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
(2016·江苏卷)In recent years，internet voting has become increasing popular in
China.People not only cast on-line votes themselves，but also urge others to vote
for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”.
Li Jiang，a high school student，is invited to vote in the “Best Police Officer”
competition，organized by the local government to let the public have a better
understanding of police officers’ daily work.Li Jiang visits the website and reads all
the stories.He is deeply moved by their glorious deeds.He is already thinking of
becoming a policeman himself in the future.
Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future Singer”
competition.He has already received three similar invitations this week.His uncle
tells him that if his cousin wins the competition，the family will win an overseas tour
for free.Su Hua likes his cousin very much，but he finds other singers perform even
better.To vote，or not to vote? This is a question that troubles him very much.
[写作内容]
1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2.用约120个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
[写作要求]
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； ********灿若寒星竭诚为您提供优质文档*********
灿若寒星 2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
[评分标准]
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
[参考范文]
Online voting becomes increasingly popular, and many competitions get people
involved in it. It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma
over whether to vote or not.
In my opinion, online voting is an inseparable part of modern life and should be
welcomed, since it is no more than a way to participate in public life. It makes no
difference from ordinary voting events, in which candidates go around to seek
supports. In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient,
regardless of time and space.Furthermore，voting on the Internet makes instant
feedback possible.
To be honest，voters sometimes feel annoyed，not because they hate voting，but
because they are divided between emotion and fairness.Things will turn for the
better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey.Therefore，I
hold a positive attitude towards online voting.
能力提升练1
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
(2018·江苏镇江高三调研)The 18-year-old girl from Linyi, Shandong province scored
568 points on her college entrance exam this year and was admitted to Nanjing ********灿若寒星竭诚为您提供优质文档*********
灿若寒星 University of Posts and Telecommunications.
On Aug 19, Xu received a phone call from an unknown person telling her that she
was due to receive
student funding. Following the call, Xu transferred a 9，900-yuan “activation fee”
into the man’s bank account, hoping the money would appear in her student
account, but it never did.
After discovering they had been cheated, the family immediately reported the
incident to the police, but Xu was said to be frustrated. On their way home, she
suddenly fainted and despite doctors’ best efforts to rescue her, she passed away.
