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高考英语短文改错十大常见错误短文改错是有一定的规律可循的，纵观近几年的高考试题及我们平常的模拟考试，可以发现短文改错主要有以下十大错误：1.形容词与副词的误用。
如exciting与excited，hard与hardly，possible与possibly，here 与there等，以及形容词与副词的比较级与最高级。
2.名词的单复数误用。
如在several，many，various，different，afew，oneof等之后，常用名词的复数，在every与each之后常用单数。
3.代词的误用。
如you与your，it’s与its，it与they或them，one与ones，宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。
4.介词的误用、缺少或多余。
常见的如in与on，to与for，instead与insteadof，because 与becauseof等的误用。
5.时态的错误。
看一篇文章，要有一种大局观，要上前下挂，看看上下文的时态是否一致。
6.连词的误用。
如or与and的误用，and与but的误用，so与but的误用，because或since与so连用，though与but连用等。
7.第三人称单数后的动词形式。
8.一些固定结构的误用。
如so.。
that被误用作very.。
that，too.。
to被误用very.。
to，as.。
as被误作so.。
as等。
9.定语从句中，which，that，when，where等混淆不清。
10.一些常用词，如what与how，except与besides，any与some以及它们的合成词如any-thing与something，anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清。
2高考英语短文改错命题规律(一)上下文语义矛盾通过对近年改错部分的分析，发现出现错误率的频率最高的就是上下文语义矛盾这一项，上下文语义矛盾，也就是说，根据上文的内容，紧接下来的部分应该是肯定意义，结果原文却用了否定;反之，根据上下文的连贯关系，下文本该用否定却用了肯定。
专题10非谓语动词——精讲深剖一．单句语法填空1.（2019全国I卷）Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.【答案】to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。
主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。
2.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by _____ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.【答案】noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。
根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
3.（2019全国II卷）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ______ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.【答案】being【解析】考查非谓语动词。
根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
4.（2019全国II卷）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ______(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.【答案】declared【解析】考查谓语动词。
非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点一．非谓语题的解题总方法与思路：1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况，那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。
2.看符号：中间有个逗号，末尾有个句号（有时中间没有逗号）；3.看有没有连接词（引导词）。
如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。
4.定语态：如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），那么答案一般用Ved形式。
5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。
Eg.1._________ for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.A. Being scoldedB. Having been scoldedC. To be scoldedD. Scolding 【1答案：B】二．非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点：一)．使用非谓动词的语言结构。
1）在“句子, and/or/but +句子”的并列句结构中，可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句，四个答案表面上象非谓语，其实考查的是谓语。
2.______hard and you will succeed in the exam.3.______hard or you will fail in the exam.A. StudyB. To studyC. StudyingD. Studied 【2、3答案：AA】2）在“句子，非句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语：4. The teacher devoted his life to his career, ______ most of his students successful in study.A. makeB. to makeC. makingD. made 【4答案：C】3）在“非句子，句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语：5. _________with children, I know what is needed most.A. WorkingB. Having workedC. WorkedD. To work 【5答案：B】4) 在“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词：6. With her baby _______ on her b ack, the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house.A. sleepB. sleptC. to sleepD. sleeping 【6答案：D】7. With his hair _______ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool.A. cutB. to be cutC. cuttingD. to cut 【7答案：B】5）在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时，也可能用非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的用法总结李靖非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓语。
但都具有动词的某些特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。
不定式表目的，表将来；动名词表主动,表进行；过去分词表被动，表完成。
一．作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数）1）不定式、动名词都可做主语，但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作,尤其是某一次的动作。
如：Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。
（泛指玩火）To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。
2）用动名词做主语的句型:It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做。
.。
.没有用处/好处/乐趣It’s a waste of time doing sth 做。
.。
浪费时间It is worth doing sth 值得做某事It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。
3)不定式做主语的句型.It is + adj +for sb to do sth.比较：表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现时。
It is silly of you to say so。
It is important for us to learn English well.It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language.4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。
第二讲非谓语动词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.For the whole afternoon they sang and danced happily without think about their schoolwork.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】without为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
故将think改为thinking。
2.Having something to do on the train,I couldn't help think about the scene of leaving and felt terribly sorry.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】couldn't help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“情不自禁做某事”，故将think改为thinking。
3.With my eyes filling with tears,I came into Mr. Li's office.【答案】.filling→filled【解析】此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，fill与宾语eyes之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补4.In regard to protect the environment,we have many things to do.【答案】.protect→protecting【解析】in regard to意为“关于……”，其中to是介词，其后接名词或动名词。
故将protect改为protecting5.Saw the 18 candles burning,I couldn't keep back my tears.【答案】.Saw→Seeing【解析】see在句中作状语，与主语之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
6.We finally realized it isn't easy to being a teacher .【答案】.being→be【解析】it is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，it充当形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，to后加动词原形7.I am interested in your culture and want know more about it.【答案】.在want后加to【解析】want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。
专题03 短文改错高频考点TOP 3 非谓语动词考点一语句中多出谓语动词（多半是以动词原形出现），且与逻辑主语是主谓关系，应用现在分词（此处应与情态动词和使役动词的用法区别记忆）非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分词/动名词一般式doing being done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生完成式having done having been done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生【点津】现在分词状语常置于句尾，习惯用逗号隔开，所以通常情况下讲逗号后面的动词应该用-ing形式。
1)We should not leave the tap water run or waste any materials in the laboratory class.【答案】run改为running【解析】使役动词leave的用法，leave sth. doing，应为主动形式2)Shake her head，she said，“It isn‘t a good time to do that，dear.”【答案】Shake 改为Shaking【解析】现在分词表伴随考点二动词原型构成的祈使句和现在分词短语用作句子的主语混淆非谓语动词，顾名思义，它不是谓语，也就是说句子里另有谓语。
祈使句，前面用作原型的动词就是谓语，句子里其它地方没有谓语了。
这就是最大的区别！Put（谓语）your creative juices（宾语）to good use by trying to bring out the poet in you（状语）。
put是谓语，变成动名词putting的话，句子就没有谓语了！下一句也是如此，and前后是并列关系，两个make分别是分句的谓语，换成making，前半句就没谓语了。
Driving in downtown area(主语）requires（谓语）higher attention（宾语）.后面有谓语，前面的动词就不能用原形，要变成动名词形式的非谓语。
第七讲非谓语动词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.For the whole afternoon they sang and danced happily without think about their schoolwork.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】without为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
故将think改为thinking。
2.Having something to do on the train,I couldn't help think about the scene of leaving and felt terribly sorry.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】couldn't help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“情不自禁做某事”，故将think改为thinking。
3.With my eyes filling with tears,I came into Mr. Li's office.【答案】.filling→filled【解析】此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，fill与宾语eyes之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补4.In regard to protect the environment,we have many things to do.【答案】.protect→protecting【解析】in regard to意为“关于……”，其中to是介词，其后接名词或动名词。
故将protect改为protecting 5.Saw the 18 candles burning,I couldn't keep back my tears.【答案】.Saw→Seeing【解析】see在句中作状语，与主语之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
6.We finally realized it isn't easy to being a teacher .【答案】.being→be【解析】it is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，it充当形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，to后加动词原形7.I am interested in your culture and want know more about it.【答案】.在want后加to【解析】want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。
扶弱资料（六）非谓语动词所谓非谓语动词，就是指它们不能在句子中单独作谓语。
但它们又具有动词的特征，即可以有宾语（如果是及物动词的话）、可以有时态和语态的变化、可以有自己的逻辑主语。
同时，它们又具有名词的某些特征，即它们可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。
一、动词不定式:动词不定式（时态与语态）：1. 作主语:To say something is one thing, to do it is another.2. 作表语: My suggestion is to carry out the plan immediately.[注]：在let, make, see, notice, hear等动词后面，作宾补的不定式均省去to. 如: He made a face and made everybody___________(laugh).但是，在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式则要加上to.5. 作定语: He used to have a lot of meeting to attend.[注]：当出现the first / second / last / only /best时，常跟不定式作定语He was the first man _____________ (get) to school this morning.6. 不定式作状语: To see what would happen, we stayed there.二、分词（现在分词和过去分词）（一）V-ing 形式（时态与语态）：1.___________ (be) poor, he couldn’t go to school.2.We are interested in _____________ ( play) chess.3.The question _____________________ (discuss) now is important.4.The boy was afraid of ____________________ (leave) alone at home.5.____________________ (work) in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables.注：现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前（二）过去分词（只有一种时态与语态）规则的：V-ed ；不规则的（记不规则动词表）1. The boy went home with his homework _______________ (finish).2. ___________ (see) from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.现在分词和过去分词在语态和时间方面有较大区别：现在分词表示的意义是主动的，进行的：the girl gathering flowers（正在采花的女孩）过去分词表示的意义是被动的，完成的：the flowers gathered this morning （早晨采的花）1. 作表语: The news is very exciting. / They are very excited at the news.2. 作定语: Don’t d isturb the sleeping child. / The arrested thief will be sentenced soon.3. 作宾补: He likes to sit on the beach and watch the seagulls flying. / The work left everyone exhausted.[注]：有些动词如see, hear, feel, notice, watch等既可跟现在分词，也可跟不带to的不定式作复合宾语。
它们的区别在于：现在分词着重说明动作正在发生；不定式着重说明动作的全过程I saw the boys climbing the wall. 我看见孩子在爬墙。
I saw the boys climb the wall. 我看见孩子爬墙了。
4. 作状语: They stood there waiting for the busHearing the knock on the door, they stopped talking.Asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.Compare:_______________ (follow) the old man, we went upstairs2. ________________ (follow) by the old man, we went upstairs.三、动名词（V-ing）1.作主语和表语动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。
如：Seeing is believing. / My hobby is collecting stamps.[注]：在“It is no use (good)”等习惯表达法中，常用形式主语“it”It is no use quarreling with her. / Is it worthwhile trying again?作宾语在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。
如：We don't allow_______________ (smoke) here．We don't allow anybody ________________ (smoke) here3. 作介词宾语Have you got used to working on the night shift（值班）?Children are fond of reading detective stories.[注]某些习惯用法中，常省略介词，仅保留动名词He is busy (in) preparing a report.They spent a lot of time (in) making preparation.We had great difficulty / trouble (in) finding his house.非谓语动词需要注意的几个问题:（一）、不定式的逻辑主语一般的结构为for+名词+不定式，如：It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese. I found it impossible _____ him to do the job alone.但在表示人物性格，特征等的形容词后kind, brave, careful, clever, foolish, honest, kind, polite, rude, stupid, wise，常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语，如：It was wise of him to do that. It was very brave ________ him to catch the thief.（二）、不定式的主动式还是被动式作定语时，当句中出现的名词或代词是不定式动作的执行者时，用主动式I have a meeting to attend. The teacher gave John a book to read,若不定式动作执行者不是上述情况，而是其他人，用被动态：Here are the clothes to be washed（三）、有些动词虽然既可跟不定式又可跟动名词作宾语，但意义差别较大如；a) remember to do （记住要做某事）, remember doing（记得曾做过某事）b) forget to do （忘记要做某事）, forget doing （忘记曾做过某事）c) regret to do （因要做某事感到不安）, regret doing（因做了某事感到后悔）（四）、分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。
一般来说，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。
这类词常见的有：interesting令人感兴趣的--interested感到有趣的；exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的；disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的（五）、admit, advise, avoid, can't help, consider, delay, deny, escape, enjoy, finish, feel like, imagine, mind, practise, risk, suggest等动词以及所有带介词的短语动词后面只能跟动名词做宾语。
The boy was lucky enough to escape being punished.（六）、look forward to, pay attention to, stick to, devote … to, make contributions to, get/be used to, object to中的to是介词，因而其后接动名词做宾语，不要误用动词不定式。
(1) I'm looking forward to seeing you again.(2) Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting up some schools for poor children.（七）、主动形式表示被动意义动词want, need, require后作宾语的动名词的主动形式。
这时句中的动名词与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。
例：The TV set wants ( / needs / requires) fixing.= The TV set wants ( / needs / requires) to be fixed.②形容词worth后接的v -ing的主动形式。
例：The film is worth seeing.③某些作表语的形容词（如easy, difficult, hard等）后接的不定式主动形式。
