高考英语短文改错之非谓语动词.docx

专题六非谓语动词[全国卷考情分析] 题型分类典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2017年全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.2．(2017年全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends，16year old Sarah is not spending halfnot spending halfterm resting(rest)term resting(rest)．3．(2016年全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal to_create(create) special designs.1考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)；2．考查固定搭配中的非谓语动词。

短文改错1.(2017年全国卷Ⅰ) The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning→Turn left！”！”2．(2017年全国卷Ⅱ) When summer comes，they will invite their students ∧topick the fresh vegetables! 3．(2016年全国卷Ⅱ)We can choose between staying at home and take→taking a trip..1.谓语动词与非谓语动词的错用；2．过去分词与现在分词的错用；3．不定式符号to的多余或缺失；4．to是介词还是不定式符号的误判。

(对应学生用书第252页) 非谓语动词的形式及意义[先试做题组先试做题组] ] 单句语法填空1．(2015年天津高考) Having_worked(work) for two days ，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule . 2．Henry can 't attend the party being_held(hold) at Tom 's house at present because he is preparing the speech at the party to_be_held(hold) at Marie 's house tomorrow . 3．(重庆高考)The engine just won 't start .Something seems to_have_gone(go)wrong with it . [再解读要点] 非谓语动词主动语态 被动语态 意义不定式不定式 一般式to do to be done 表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生进行式 to be doing 表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生的动作同时发生完成式to have done to have been done 表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前动词的动作之前现在分词/动名词一般式 doing being done 表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生时发生现在分词/动名词 完成式 having done having been done 表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生词的动作发生 过去分词一般式done 与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成关系，表完成(2017年江苏高考)Many Chinese brands ，ha v ing developed their reputations over centuries ，are facing new challenges from the modern market .很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。

高考英语短文改错动词的非谓语形式错误练习题30题含答案解析1. I am very happy to invited you to my birthday party.A. invitedB. invitingC. inviteD. to inviting答案解析：A 项错误，应该改为invite。

“be happy to do sth.”是固定用法，用动词原形。

B 项inviting 是现在分词形式，不符合用法。

C 项正确。

D 项to inviting 形式错误。

2. She wants to go shopping, but she has a lot of homework to do it.A. do itB. doing itC. to doD. to doing答案解析：A 项错误，应该去掉it。

“have sth. to do”中do 的宾语就是前面的sth，再加it 多余。

B 项doing it 形式错误。

C 项正确。

D 项to doing 形式错误。

3. In order to improve my English, I decide to read English newspaper every day.A. read English newspaperB. reading English newspaperC. to read English newspaperD. to reading English newspaper答案解析：A 项正确。

“decide to do sth.”决定做某事。

B 项reading English newspaper 是现在分词形式，不符合用法。

C 项和题干重复。

D 项to reading 形式错误。

4. The teacher asked us to not talk in class.A. to not talkB. not to talkC. don't talkD. not talk答案解析：A 项错误，应该改为not to talk。

专题05非谓语动词年份卷别动词不定式三年（16考）过去分词三年（10考）现在分词与动名词三年（15考）命题趋势2024新高考I卷to give closed engineering动词不定式：1.考查不定式的句法功能（做目的状语、定语、补语、主语和宾语）。

2.不定式的固定搭配和句型。

过去分词：1.考查过去分词形式句法功能（做状语、定语、补语）。

2.过去分词与现在分词辨析。

现在分词和动名词：1.考查动词-ing形式句法功能（做状语、定语、补语、主语和宾语）。

2.动词-ing的固定搭配和句型。

高考真题对非谓语的考查往往以较长句子出现，需要注重结构复杂化和情景化。

新高考II卷to find inspired recalling全国甲卷to catchshared→sharepacking→packed浙江卷1月to benefit designed2023新高考I卷to biteto be liftedrecognized wanting新高考II卷visiting全国甲卷to teach borrowing全国乙卷built recording;Havingvisited 北京卷to address facing浙江卷1月surrounded2022新高考I卷to increase Covering新高考II卷to see falling全国甲卷to talkto journeystaying(改错)planning全国乙卷to strengthen shared inviting;causing(改错)浙江卷1月to continue changing 北京卷supposed天津卷To keep allowing考点01动词不定式1.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）These sepals open on warm days________(give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.【答案】to give【解析】考查非谓语动词。

2019 年高考英语短文改错专题--非谓语动词（含答案）his father died, left the family even worse off.will have trouble learn English well in a year.crossing the street,she was killed by an ambulance speeded by.’s up to you decide whether to eat out or at home.our way home,we couldn't help to talking about what we had experienced.accepting for the job, you’ll be informed soon.host parents took good care of us,which made us feeling at home.warned of the danger in the street at night, she went home with a friendaccompanying her.took me a little while figure out these differences,but it was fun.must take some measures to preserve the endangered animals from killed.’m looking forward to hear from you as soon as possible.fact, Americans make go to the baseball game a favorite summer outing nowadays.did all that I could express myself clearly but my speech was a total failure. should have the courage to admit have broken the window.in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood,the house is big enough to enable youto have a room of your own.father as well as his three children goes skating on the freezing river everySunday afternoon in winter.had to look for a place along the street to get his bicycle repairing.their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts ofvictory.to the escaped driver,I am proud of what I did.woman was observed follow him closely.参考答案1. 答案： Unfortunately his father died,leftthe family even worse off. leaving解析：2. 答案： He will have troublelearnEnglish well in a year. learning解析：3. 答案： While crossing the street,she was killed by an ambulance speeded by.speeding解析：句意 : 过马路的时候, 她被一辆飞驰而过的救护车撞死了. ambulance与speed by ( 飞驰而过 ) 之间为逻辑t 的主动关系 . 要用现在分词作后置定语.4. 答案： It ’s up to you decide whether to eat out or at home.to解析：5. 答案： On our way home,we couldn't help to talking about what we hadexperienced.解析：句意 : 在回家的路上,我们禁不住谈论起我们经历过的事情.[can't help doing sth.为固定句型 , 意为 : 情不自禁地做某事。

常见错误类型高考英语改错题是考生感到棘手的题型之一。

笔者对近几年的高考英语改错题作了细致的分析并加以归类后，发现错误类型主要集中在以下方面。

（例题保留原题号）1. 动词时态每年都有时态错误的小题，而且改动基本集中在一般过去时与一般现在时之间。

时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据。

（1）（2003全国卷）She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was... 84. read（and连接并列谓语）（2）（2004江苏卷）At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized（and连接并列谓语）（3）（2004全国卷）Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk（根据sometimes可判断此句为一般现在时）（4）（2005全国卷Ⅱ）I will write again and send you the photos we take together. 85. took（把照片寄给你，应该是已经拍好的，用过去时）（5）（2005全国卷Ⅰ）There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money. 77. is（从上下文判断，应该是现在时，谓语用is）（6）（2005江苏卷）We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept（and连接并列谓语）2. 名词单复数单复数互改是高考英语改错题的基本题型之一，改动的依据有：一是根据名词前的修饰限定成份；二是根据上下文的逻辑关系。

2020-2022高考短文改错1．（2022·全国乙）We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle. 2．（2022·全国甲）My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school. He showed me how his medical instruments was used. I felt so closely to him. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it. One day, he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations. With the efforts made by all sides, we began to understand each other better. 3．（2021·全国乙）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!4．（2021·全国甲）Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are：Who will you go in times of trouble? Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they’re of the same age and can understand each other. Somewill turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those wetrust mostly.5．（2020·全国Ⅰ）Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove，I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.＂Not that way，＂my mom tried to stop us but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn out as I had wished.6．（2020·全国Ⅱ）Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy. I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I’m surely you’ll have a good time. Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.7．（2020·全国Ⅲ）My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. In order to make surely all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.参考答案：1．1. greatly → great2. lives → live3. 在because后加of4. Whether → If 或Whether → When5. they → you6. cause → causing7. 去掉have后的been8. what → which9. were → are10. bicycle → bicycles【导语】这是一篇议论文。

高考英语非谓语动词范例若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。

若是非谓语动词就要确定用v.-ing形式、v.-ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。

[典例1]...but everyone added a little, always __25__(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.分析：因句中已有谓语动词added，动词think前又没有并列连词，即think不是并列谓语，它应是非谓语动词，作状语，表示伴随情况；又因he与think是主动关系，故用现在分词thinking。

[典例2]The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests.分析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词followed作伴随状语。

(2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。

[典例]_________ (complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.分析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。

(3)作主语或宾语，通常用-ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。

[典例]________ (speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary ...分析：句中已有谓语won’t make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。

__t_o_s_t_o_p___(stop) until we reached the next stop.
解析：句意：我听见我后面有个乘客冲着司机大喊，但司机坚持要到下一
站才停车。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。
8．(2017·江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year 英
sth.“做某事花费/需要……”，为固定句式，故填不定式to reduce。该句式中it 英
二 是形式主语，不定式短语才是真正的主语。
语
轮
复 习
15．(全国卷Ⅱ)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of
them looked very anxious and ___d_is_a_p_p_o_in_t_e_d___(disappoint)．
复
习 (use)electric equipment.
解析：句意：土坯房值得赞扬的是它们不用电器自动调节房屋温度的能
力。设空前是介词without，故该空用动名词作宾语。without doing sth.“在不做
某事的情况下”。
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第一部分 专题四 语法填空和短文改错
7．(全国卷)I heard a passenger behind me shouted to the driver, but he refused
复 习
语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
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第一部分 专题四 语法填空和短文改错
12 ． (2017· 北 京 卷 )The national park has a large collection of wildlife,

扶弱资料六非谓语动词所谓非谓语动词,就是指它们不能在句子中单独作谓语;但它们又具有动词的特征,即可以有宾语如果是及物动词的话、可以有时态和语态的变化、可以有自己的逻辑主语;同时,它们又具有名词的某些特征,即它们可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语;一、动词不定式:动词不定式时态与语态：1. 作主语:To say something is one thing, to do it is another.2. 作表语: My suggestion is to carry out the plan immediately.3. 作宾语: He decided to buy a computer.4. 作宾语补足语: Mr. Smith wants his son to become a lawyer.注：在let, make, see, notice, hear等动词后面,作宾补的不定式均省去to. 如: He madea face and made everybody___________laugh. 但是,在被动语态中,作主语补足语的不定式则要加上to.如: We are made ________________write a composition every week by the teacher. 5. 作定语: He used to have a lot of meeting to attend.注：当出现the first / second / last / only /best时,常跟不定式作定语He was the first man _____________ get to school this morning.6. 不定式作状语:To see what would happen, we stayed there.二、分词现在分词和过去分词一V-ing 形式时态与语态：be poor, he couldn’t go to school.are interested in _____________ play chess.question _____________________ discuss now is important.boy was afraid of ____________________ leave alone at home.work in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables.注：现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前二过去分词只有一种时态与语态规则的：V-ed ；不规则的记不规则动词表1. The boy went home with his homework _______________ finish.2. ___________ see from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.现在分词和过去分词在语态和时间方面有较大区别：现在分词表示的意义是主动的,进行的：the girl gathering flowers正在采花的女孩过去分词表示的意义是被动的,完成的：the flowers gathered this morning早晨采的花1. 作表语: The news is very exciting. / They are very excited at the news.2. 作定语: Don’t disturb the sleeping child. / The arrested thief will be sentenced soon.3. 作宾补: He likes to sit on the beach and watch the seagulls flying. / The work left everyone exhausted.注：有些动词如see, hear, feel, notice, watch等既可跟现在分词,也可跟不带to的不定式作复合宾语;它们的区别在于：现在分词着重说明动作正在发生；不定式着重说明动作的全过程I saw the boys climbing the wall. 我看见孩子在爬墙;I saw the boys climb the wall. 我看见孩子爬墙了;4. 作状语: They stood there waiting for the busHearing the knock on the door, they stopped talking.Asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. Compare:1._______________ follow the old man, we went upstairs2. ________________ follow by the old man, we went upstairs.三、动名词 V-ing1.作主语和表语动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作;如：Seeing is believing. / My hobby is collecting stamps.注：在“It is no use good”等习惯表达法中,常用形式主语“it”It is no use quarreling with her. / Is it worthwhile trying again 2.作宾语在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语,如果有名词或代词作宾语,则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式宾语补足语”之形式;如：We don't allow_______________ smoke here．We don't allow anybody ________________ smoke here3. 作介词宾语Have you got used to working on the night shift值班Children are fond of reading detective stories.注某些习惯用法中,常省略介词,仅保留动名词He is busy in preparing a report.They spent a lot of time in making preparation.We had great difficulty / trouble in finding his house.非谓语动词需要注意的几个问题:一、不定式的逻辑主语一般的结构为for+名词+不定式,如：It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese. I found it impossible _____ him to do the job alone.但在表示人物性格,特征等的形容词后kind, brave, careful, clever, foolish, honest, kind, polite, rude, stupid, wise,常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语,如：It was wise of him to do that. It was very brave ________ him to catch the thief.二、不定式的主动式还是被动式作定语时,当句中出现的名词或代词是不定式动作的执行者时,用主动式I have a meeting to attend. The teacher gave John a book to read,若不定式动作执行者不是上述情况,而是其他人,用被动态： Here are the clothes to be washed三、有些动词虽然既可跟不定式又可跟动名词作宾语,但意义差别较大如；a remember to do 记住要做某事, remember doing记得曾做过某事b forget to do 忘记要做某事, forget doing 忘记曾做过某事c regret to do 因要做某事感到不安, regret doing因做了某事感到后悔四、分词做表语有两种情况,一种是现在分词做表语,一种是过去分词做表语,这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方;一般来说,凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式,凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式;这类词常见的有：interesting令人感兴趣的 --interested感到有趣的； exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的 --delighted感到高兴的； disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的五、admit, advise, avoid, can't help, consider, delay, deny, escape, enjoy, finish, feel like, imagine, mind, practise, risk, suggest等动词以及所有带介词的短语动词后面只能跟动名词做宾语;The boy was lucky enough to escape being punished.六、look forward to, pay attention to, stick to, devote … to, make contributions to, get/be used to, object to中的to是介词,因而其后接动名词做宾语,不要误用动词不定式;1 I'm looking forward to seeing you again.2 Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting up some schools for poor children.七、主动形式表示被动意义①动词want, need, require后作宾语的动名词的主动形式;这时句中的动名词与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系;例：The TV set wants / needs / requires fixing.= The TV set wants / needs / requires to be fixed.②形容词worth后接的v -ing的主动形式;例：The film is worth seeing.③某些作表语的形容词如easy, difficult, hard等后接的不定式主动形式;例：This question is easy to answer.＝To answer this question is easy.语法填空 --- 高考真题回顾一、全国卷：真题再练：在下列各句空白处填入所给词的正确形式,并说明理由;1.2015卷I·68 Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers ___________ conduct by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.2.2015卷I·70 Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _______ live in Shanghai and Hong Kong.3.2015卷II·61 The adobe dwellings土坯房 ______ build by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by…4.2015卷II·64 In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without ______ use electric equipment.5.2015卷II·66 When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _______ cool the house during the hot day.6.2014卷I·65 But the river wasn’t changed in a few days or even a few months. It took years of work _________ reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water.7.2014卷I·68 While there are ________ amaze stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.8.2014卷II·41 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about ______ be late for school.9.2014卷II·43 There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and ______________ disappoint.10.2014卷II·46 I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _________stop until we reached the next stop.语法填空 --- 强化训练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：1.We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ___________think that all children like these things. 05全国二2.___________ face with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss foradvice. 05北京春招3.I couldn't do my homework with all that noise ________________ go on. 05北京4. With everything he needed ________________ buy, he left the supermarket.5. With too much work ______________ do , I can’t go out with you.6. The building ________________ build now will be a restaurant.7. The building _________________ build next year will be a restaurant.8. The building _______________ build last year is a restaurant.9. Don't sit there____________ do nothing. Come and help me with this table.10. All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to __________ receive in time for Christmas.11. Lessons ___________________learn in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.12. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and ________________ collect coins also gives him great pleasure.13. Eugene is never willing to change his mind. It's no use _____________ argue with him.14. He was the only foreigner _________________ get such an honor yesterday.15. I can't stand __________work with Jane in the same office. She just refuses____________ stop talking while she works.短文错误 --- 高考真题回顾1. 2015新课标卷II After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that ……2. 2013新课标卷II Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner.3.2012新课标卷 My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience, I could make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.短文错误--- 强化训练1 David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car. 全国卷2 David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village. 全国卷3 I went back to get David and helped him to stood up. 全国卷4 Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building. 全国卷5 Modern people know more about health, have better food, and to live in clearer surroundings. 全国卷6 The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world.7 …you pay the cost of send a postcard, the librarian will write to you. 全国卷8 …and let you to know when the book you want has returned全国卷9 I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays. 全国卷10 I had always wanted return to the village after moving away. 全国卷11 It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.全国卷12 I look forward to hear from you soon. 全国卷13 Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of …. 全国卷14 I was often a little tired after a day‘s work and watch TV demands very little effort. 全国卷15 I‘d like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning. 北京春季卷16 I‘ll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it. 北京春季卷高中英语辅导---基础篇参考答案一、动词不定式: 4. 如,laugh 如,to write 5. to get二、分词一V-ing 形式 1. Being poor 2. playing 3. being disscussed 4. being left 5. Having worked二过去分词 finished Seen4. 作状语 1. Following 2. Followed三、动名词 2. smoking; to smoke需要注意的几个问题:一、不定式的逻辑主语 for语法填空 --- 高考真题回顾一、全国卷：1. conducted 2. living 3. built 4. using 5. tocool6. to reduce7. amazing8. being9. disappointed 10. to stop语法填空 --- 强化训练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：1. thinking2. Faced3. going4. bought5. to do6. being built7. to be built8. built9. doing 10. be received 11. learnt / learned12. collecting 13. arguing 14. to get 15. working ;短文错误 --- 高考真题回顾1. 把looks改为 looking2. 把Have改为Having3. 把to 去掉短文错误--- 强化训练1wanted 后加 to,因为want 后要接不定式全国卷2leading 改为 lead,因为其前有助动词 would 全国卷3stood 改为 stand,因为 to stand up 在此为不定式结构全国卷4climbed 改为 climb / climbing,若将 as well as 视为连词,则将 climbed 改为 climb,因为它与其前的 do 并列；若将 as well as 视为介词,则 climbing,因为介词后动词用动名词全国卷5去掉live 前的 to,因为 live 与其前的 know, have 并列全国卷6improve前加to,to improve…为表目的的不定式短语全国卷7send改为sending,因为介词后接动名词作宾语全国卷8去掉 know 前的 to,因为其前有动词 let 全国卷9have改为having,因为介词后接动名词作宾语全国卷10return前加 to,因为 want 后要接不定式全国卷11drove改为 drive,因为 drive 与其前的 to meet 并列,此处的 drive 为省略 to 的不定式全国卷12hear改为 hearing,因为其前的 to 是介词全国卷13第一个play改为 playing,因为动词原形不能用作主语全国卷14watch改为 watching,因为动词原形不能用作主语全国卷15come 前加 to,因为 would like 后接不定式北京春季卷16prepare 改为 preparing,因为它与其前的 reading 并列,与其前所用的动词 spend 有关。

第二讲非谓语动词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.For the whole afternoon they sang and danced happily without think about their schoolwork.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】without为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

故将think改为thinking。

2.Having something to do on the train,I couldn't help think about the scene of leaving and felt terribly sorry.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】couldn't help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“情不自禁做某事”，故将think改为thinking。

3.With my eyes filling with tears,I came into Mr. Li's office.【答案】.filling→filled【解析】此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，fill与宾语eyes之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补4.In regard to protect the environment,we have many things to do.【答案】.protect→protecting【解析】in regard to意为“关于……”，其中to是介词，其后接名词或动名词。

故将protect改为protecting5.Saw the 18 candles burning,I couldn't keep back my tears.【答案】.Saw→Seeing【解析】see在句中作状语，与主语之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式。

6.We finally realized it isn't easy to being a teacher .【答案】.being→be【解析】it is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，it充当形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，to后加动词原形7.I am interested in your culture and want know more about it.【答案】.在want后加to【解析】want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。

高中英语非谓语动词知识与短文改错技巧1非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。

2非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。

具体如下：1. 不定式①基本形式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）②被动式：to be done（表示被动，并且一般表示将来）③进行式：to be doing （表示主动和进行）④完成时：to have done（表示主动和完成）⑤完成被动式：to have been done（表示被动和完成）⑥完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行）例如：The teacher told us to do morning exercises .老师让我们做早操。

The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。

She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 老师进来时，她假装正在读书。

The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。

The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。

She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。

2. 动名词①基本形式：doing （表示主动）②被动式：being done（表示被动）③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成）④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成）例如：Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。

专题03 短文改错高频考点TOP 3 非谓语动词考点一语句中多出谓语动词（多半是以动词原形出现），且与逻辑主语是主谓关系，应用现在分词（此处应与情态动词和使役动词的用法区别记忆）非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分词/动名词一般式doing being done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生完成式having done having been done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生【点津】现在分词状语常置于句尾，习惯用逗号隔开，所以通常情况下讲逗号后面的动词应该用-ing形式。

1)We should not leave the tap water run or waste any materials in the laboratory class.【答案】run改为running【解析】使役动词leave的用法，leave sth. doing，应为主动形式2)Shake her head，she said，“It isn‘t a good time to do that，dear.”【答案】Shake 改为Shaking【解析】现在分词表伴随考点二动词原型构成的祈使句和现在分词短语用作句子的主语混淆非谓语动词，顾名思义，它不是谓语，也就是说句子里另有谓语。

祈使句，前面用作原型的动词就是谓语，句子里其它地方没有谓语了。

这就是最大的区别！Put（谓语）your creative juices（宾语）to good use by trying to bring out the poet in you（状语）。

put是谓语，变成动名词putting的话，句子就没有谓语了！下一句也是如此，and前后是并列关系，两个make分别是分句的谓语，换成making，前半句就没谓语了。

Driving in downtown area(主语）requires（谓语）higher attention（宾语）.后面有谓语，前面的动词就不能用原形，要变成动名词形式的非谓语。

2020高考英语短文改错考点解析非谓语动词2020高考英语短文改错考点解析非谓语动词模拟单句演练（1）In those days we were forced work twelve hours a day.（2）It‘s very difficult for a foreigner learn Chinese.（3）It was silly of you believe what he said.（4）He was made wash the boss‘s car once a day.（5）I‘ll let you to know as soon as I hear from her.（6）I waved to her but failed attract her attention.（7）I have already seen the film twice. I don‘t want see it any more.（8）What I want know is when all this happened.（9）It was clear that he wanted be alone.（10）Most children are interested in listen to stories.（11）Walk quickly is difficult for an old man.（13）Be careful in cross the street.（14）The film is very interesting. It is worth see twice.（15）Find work is very difficult these days.（16）Most of us students enjoy ask questions in English.（17）Look, some of my classmates are practising speak English over there.（18）Teach a child to sing and dance is very interesting.（19）Learn to speak English is more difficult than to write it.（20）My friend Jim is very good at making things and repair things.（21）He decided to go to the south, find a good job and living there.（22）It was very kind of you to buy us some fruits and seeing us at the station.（23）Excuse me, would you like tell me the way to the zoo?高考英语短文改错考点解析：从句及并列连词模拟单句演练（1）He is the man his car was stolen.（2）That‘s the hotel which we were staying last summer.（3）That‘s the palace where we visited last summer.（4）I suddenly woke up in mid-night. And it was a long time I got to sleep again. （5）In the past few years when we‘ve planted thousands of trees along the river.（6）At the airport where all the baggage must be examined.（7）He wrote me a letter and asked I was getting on.（8）S he stayed in France for 10 years. That‘s she spoke French so well.（9）It‘s really a beautiful place, where everyone hopes to visit.（10）It cost nothing. Anyone can get it unless he likes it.高考英语短文改错考点解析：代词（1）Here are some letters for you and he.（2）She loves swimming. It keeps she fit.（3）Here are the cats Auntie brought us. Take good care of it.（4）Everyone here gets up earlier than her does.（5）Here is my dog. It‘s name is Petty.（6）He opened mouth as if to say something.（7）Don‘t lose your heart. Try a gain.（8）The Smiths have been married, but have no children of his own.（9）I tell him everything, for he is a good friend of me.（10）He smiled at her and laid her hand on hers.（11）When you are away from home, you should look after you.（12）If you have any question, put up hand.（13）It‘s a very important thing. You must think over carefully.（14）I don‘t like these; please show me some other.（15）In order to catch the thief, the police did his best.（16）This is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago.（17）I‘m very sorry about all the whole thing.（18）When I got up, I found parents were preparing breakfast for me. （19）Yes, money is very important, but it is not anything.（20）At the airport, all his baggage was stolen, but soon he got them back.高考英语短文改错考点解析：动词（1）I want to know how long the book can be keep.（2）Don‘t worry. Your child is well looking after here.（3）All the invitations must sent out today.（4）You are an expert on this. You might invited to speak at the meeting. （5）The public have a right to know what in the report.（6）What the English for this? Can anyone tell me?（7）He says that he likes singing and that he wants to a singer.（8）He is a nice girl. You‘re certain to happy with her.（9）I use to play tennis a lot but I don‘t play very ofte n now.（10）He has changed a lot. He is not what he was used to be.（11）It was very cold. The snow lied thick on the ground.（12）There will have an English film in the school hall tonight.（13）After that, the boy decided not to a sailor.（14）After supper, my father would go out for a walk and then come back to see newspapers.（15）Hear to me carefully. What I‘m saying is very important.高考英语短文改错考点解析：多词1. I come from Zhongshan, and so I am currently a student at DSYSMMS.2. My favorite pastime is by listening to music, especially classical music.3. I am majoring in主修educational psychology and to hope to be a teacher in the future.4. My hobbies are reading books and travelling, in which I find very interesting.5. Since that I am the only child in my family, I am quite independent独立性强的.6. I deeply believe in that I can succeed in the near future.7. Many interests as I have, English is what that I like most.8. I want to keep on with learning new things to increase my ability能力and broaden my horizons 开阔眼界.9. One hour in the morning is worth the two in the evening.10. The number of people who has watched the game was not more than a hundred.11. Susan doesn’t feel quite well, for which she is having an ache in her heart.12. How did you get on well with your study at school?13. I used to get really sun burnt from playing outside all the day.14. It is not known for certain whether she is still living on.15. An important meeting was held, Mr Chen sat in the chair.16. It is eight or nine chances out of ten for that he will win.17. The shop has been changed hands.18. The driver was in the charge of the car.19. The merchant商人made money by his buying cheap and selling dear.20. Would you like to check it over the proofs of this book?高考英语短文改错考点解析：冠词（1）Her sister, who is nurse, will marry one of the doctors in the hospital.（2）It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much.（3）It was raining hard, so I had to borrow a umbrella.（4）My friend Mary comes from an European country.（5）Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer.（6）In small village like this, everybody knows everybody else.（7）Only few of the children can read such books.（8）For long time neither of us spoke to each other.（9）Look, a girl in blue is my cousin.（10）Look！ A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful.（11）She asked whether we came from a same city.（12）The mountain was covered with the snow all the year round.（13）You don‘t know what wonderful time we’ve had.（14）People made the fun of her because she wore such strange clothes.（15）Soon the plane was out of the sight.（16）Great changes have taken the place in my hometown since 1978.（17）In the word, he is a good student and all of us like him.（18）You say you took the book without his permission. Inthe other words, you stole it.高考英语短文改错考点解析：介词（1）We must serve for the people heart and soul.（2）I followed the man for a while, and saw him enter into the bank. （3）Soon the nurse married with my friend Jim.（4）I took a great many of photographs in the mountains.（5）In English class, we often talk each other in English.（6）Don‘t talk. What the man says is well worth listening.（7）The chair looks hard, but it is comfortable to sit.（8）She was very kind and insisted lending her car to us.（9）I asked to her what she would be doing on Saturday.（10）Are you glad to be going to back to school?（11）On his way to home, he met one of his old friends Jack.（12）Please close the door at next time you come in.（13）Thousands of people go to the seaside in every year.（14）We can finish the work either this week or in next week.（15）We walked down the stairs instead taking the elevator.（16）We could not have heard them because the noise from the river. （17）Don‘t be angry to me for not havin g written—I was really too busy. （18）I‘ve read a lot books about animals.（19）He invited us to dinner, which was very kind for him.（20）I knew that there was no hope on the moment I saw him.（21）Don‘t go by plane. It’s a lot of more expensive.（22）Except milk and cheese, we all need vegetables.（23）On my way back, I called at Mr Smith at his office.高考英语短文改错考点解析：名词模拟单句演练（1）Women live longer than men in most country.（2）The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time.（3）It‘s said that all the ticket have been sold out.（4）The children spend a lot of times watching TV.（5）I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday.（6）The flower in the park were all pleasing.（7）As the day went by, she became less anxious.（8）Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country. （9）It‘s one of the most interesting book that I’ve ever read.（10）He made his first time visit to China when he was 18.（11）Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear.（12）He hasn‘t lived here long, but he has a great many friend here. （13）I was afraid she would have left for family when I got there. （14）He‘s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.（15）There‘s a paper’s factory near our school.高考英语短文改错考点解析：时态模拟单句演练（1）Just now Jim tells me his mother was ill.（2）I phone the other students a moment ago.（3）We often played together when we are children.（4）What are you doing when I called you?（5）I see you in the park. You were talking to a pretty girl.（6）She doesn‘t hear the doorbell, for she was watching TV.（7）We‘ll stay at home playing cards if it will rai n tomorrow.（8）Please let me know if you will have any trouble.（9）He hurt his back when he is playing football with his classmates.（10）I‘ll write to him when I fini shed the book.（11）Charles worked hard since leaving school.（12）In fact, I am very thin when I was young.（13）He is kind to me. Although he is very busy, he still came to see me. （14）How long have you been here? How did you like our city?（15）As is known to us all, the earth turned around the sun.（16）I‘m interested in English, so I spoke it better than the others do.（17）Don‘t worry about it. I promise you I come to help you.（18）Now everything is dear. Even a small piece of bread cost one yuan. （19）Remember to turn off the lights before you will leave.（20）I forget to tell him the news. Shall we telephone him now?高考英语短文改错考点解析：形容词与副词（1）I‘ll try to be more carefully next time.（2）China is much more bigger than the United States.（3）There are few boys than girls in our class.（4）He says that skiing is much exciting than skating.（5）The more money you make, the most you spend.（6）He found someone was following her, so she felt frightening.（7）It was real very dangerous. You might have injured yourself.（8）In fact, we finished the work without any difficult.（9）Look at the asleep boy. How lovely！（10）The fish tastes well; why not have a try?（11）Last week was very rain. I didn‘t go out the whole week.（12）The sun rises in the east and sets down in the west.（13）I promise to return back before 10.（14）The book contains much use information. It‘s wel l worth reading.（15）This is quite far the mostly expensive bicycle in the shop.（16）The workers warm welcomed us at their offices.（17）Oh, it‘s simply wonderfully to see you here！（18）She is in more health now than she was last year.高考英语短文改错考点解析：主谓一致（1）Her parents were in Shanghai, and so was his.（2）As is known to us all, remembering English words are not easy.（3）The police was looking for the murderer everywhere in the city.（4）Writing English and speaking it is different things.（5）It is the parents and their son who wants to buy the bicycle.（6）What he said at the meeting were very important to us.逻辑（结构）关系(Logical and sentence structure mistakes )1. Unless you help us, or we won’t be able to succeed.2. The reason why he didn’t come is because he n ever got the notice.3. I had my hair cut off and sold them to Madam Sofronice.4. It is I who is your true friend.5. To teach is learning.6. To answer correctly is more important than finishing quickly.7. The sun set down, they went home.8. Having taken their seats, the concert began.9. Hello saying, he reached out his hand.10. He rushed into the room with sweat dripped.11. There was nothing to do, I went out for a walk.12. Look around when crosses the street.13. A person learns a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language forgetting all his own.14. Seen from the moon, our earth, with water covered seventy percent of its surface, appears as a “blue ball”.15. Don’t do any more work now, you look so tiring.16. Although he was sick, but he refused to go to the hospital.17. Since he was busy, so he didn’t come.18. He never worked hard, therefore he lost his job.19. He made a lot of noise and it is why they want him to get out.20. This is the house where we visited last time.21. All they need are here.22. They students each has a dictionary.23. Three-fifths of his pay were spent on food and clothing.24. She said she had lost his way.25. Bill is a good friend of my father.二．单句改错（下列句子各有两处错误,请改正）1. If you close your eyes, you can’t see something, because your eyelids prevent the light enter your eyes2. For our joy, Li Ding, monitor of our class, who was among the winners.3. The only thing I can think is when I am going to get home listen to my music.4. All my classmates are busy prepare for the exam except myself.5. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.6. I communicated myself thanks to his great kindness.7. I was great delighted to learn that you do very well in the mid-term examination.8. If you learning English, it is not enough only to keep in minds the rules of grammar.9. I get up very early this morning to go to the airport to meet Mr. White, a expert from the USA.10. One and a half year later, I now think English a fun to learn.11. I went through the test for many times but I can only answer three out of the twenty questions.12. For instance, on one night, the played strong and loudly music till 4 o’clock in the mornin g.13. Thinking he had no work to do, and my father came back home, quickly finishing his supper and left for the cinema.14. Men have been interesting in the stars ever since they first looked up into sky.15. That is difficulty to say how many people are learning English.16. Three years ago, he was picked out and send to study in abroad.17. Sometimes, I wish I can stay in a quiet place lonely, away from this city for a long time.18. Many years ago, I step into a bookstore for some booksI wanted them.19. Having learned why he wanted the book, and the bookseller gave him some writing papers anda new pencil as a gift.20. you can find all kinds information in just a few minute on the internet.21. I got know that they were college students travel in china.22. Under the help of him and my classmates, I made some progresses.23. We went to the zoo on last Sunday. There were a lot of visitors stood in front of the ticket window.24. With development of mobile phones, the short message service is becoming more and more popular for us nowadays.25. On the night before my first day, I was much excited to go to sleep and as a result, I got up lately in the morning.26. Three years ago, I was studying to abroad in Japan. It was there where I began reading comic books.27. Have they ever thought of plastic bags do harm our environment?28. It is certainly that Zhang Village will built into a better modern village.29. On the ceremony we made a statement which as grown-ups we should have sense of duty to our society from now on.30. Though the city is modern, but there are still some problems, such as air pollution crowdedness and noisy.。

高考英语短文改错动词的非谓语形式错误单选题30题1. The teacher asked the students ______ too much time playing computer games.A. not to spendB. to not spendC. don't spendD. not spend答案：A。

本题考查动词不定式的否定形式。

“ask sb. not to do sth.”表示“要求某人不要做某事”，动词不定式的否定形式是在“to”前加“not”，所以A 选项正确。

B 选项“to not spend”形式错误；C 选项“don't spend”是谓语形式，不符合此处用法；D 选项“not spend”缺少“to”，结构不正确。

2. It's important for us ______ English well.A. to learnB. learningC. learnD. learned答案：A。

“It's + 形容词+ for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，此处需要用动词不定式，A 选项正确。

B 选项“learning”是动名词形式；C 选项“learn”是动词原形；D 选项“learned”是过去式或过去分词，均不符合句型要求。

3. My mother decided ______ a new dress for me.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. bought答案：B。

“decide to do sth.”表示“决定做某事”，要用动词不定式，B 选项正确。

A 选项“buy”是动词原形；C 选项“buying”是动名词形式；D 选项“bought”是过去式，均不符合“decide”的用法。

4. The doctor advised him ______ any more.A. not to smokeB. to not smokeC. don't smokeD. not smoke答案：A。

近五年高考英语短文改错非谓语动词总结非谓语动词一直以来都是高考英语短文改错的常考点。

今天老师将近五年高考题中短文改错涉及的非谓语动词进行总结，希望可以助力同学们解答这一类题型。

▲2019 年全国卷ⅠAll the football players>全国卷ⅢNow my dream is to opens a pen cafe.If I succeed in manage>▲2018 年全国卷ⅠMy grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.全国卷ⅡAs a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.全国卷ⅢEveryone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.▲2017 年全国卷ⅡWhen summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!▲2016 年全国卷ⅡWe can choose between staying at home and take a trip.全国卷ⅢI showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.▲2015 年全国卷ⅡAfter looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found his parents were missing.答案（滑动查看答案）▲2019 年全国卷Ⅰsay → saying全国卷Ⅲopens → openmanage → managing▲2018 年全国卷Ⅰsell → selling全国卷Ⅱwatching → watch全国卷Ⅲwait → waiting▲2017 年全国卷Ⅱpick → to pick▲2016 年全国卷Ⅱtake → taking全国卷Ⅲwear → wearing▲2015 年全国卷Ⅱlooks → looking。

短文改错非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是现代汉语语法中的重要概念。

它是一种不具有人称和时态的动词形式，可以作为主语、宾语、定语、状语等，用来修饰或补充谓语动词的意义，使句子更加准确、简洁和有逻辑。

常见的非谓语动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词。

下面针对这三种非谓语动词进行详细讲解。

首先是动词不定式（to + 动词原形），它常常用来表示目的、结果、原因、方式和程度等。

例如：1. The doctor gave her some medicine to cure her illness. （目的）2. He is working hard to achieve his dream.（目的）3. The rain was too heavy to go out.（结果）4. I am sorry to have kept you waiting.（原因）5. She spoke softly to avoid waking up the baby.（方式）6. He is old enough to take care of himself.（程度）其次是动名词（动词ing形式），它常用来作主语、宾语、定语和表语等。

例如：1. Swimming is good for our health.（主语）2. I enjoy reading books in my free time.（宾语）3. The girl sitting next to me is my sister.（定语）4. His biggest interest is playing the piano.（表语）最后是分词，分为现在分词（动词ing形式）和过去分词（动词过去分词形式）。

它们常用来表示主动、被动和完成等。

例如：1. Seeing is believing.（主动）2. The broken glass needs to be cleaned up.（被动）3. She was impressed by the book written by the young author.（完成）需要注意的是，在使用非谓语动词时，需要注意上下文的语法和逻辑关系，避免出现主谓不一致的情况。

高考英语短文改错非谓语动词错误识别练习题40题(带答案)1. I saw a little girl cry in the park.A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. cried答案：C解析：原句中“saw”是感官动词，其后可接不带to的不定式作宾补，表示动作的全过程；也可接现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行。

根据语境，看到小女孩正在公园里哭，所以用“crying”。

2. The book write by him is very popular.A. writeB. writtenC. writingD. to write答案：B解析：句子中“book”和“write”之间是被动关系，表示“被他写的书”，非谓语动词作定语表示被动关系要用过去分词形式，所以是“written”。

3. She hopes to find a job make her happy.A. makeC. makingD. to make答案：D解析：这里需要一个非谓语动词来表示目的，“to do”形式可以表示目的，即找到一份工作的目的是让自己开心，而“make”是谓语动词形式，“makes”是第三人称单数形式，“making”表示主动进行，不符合此处语义。

4. Having not received his letter, I decided to call him.A. Having notB. Not havingC. Not haveD. Have not答案：B解析：非谓语动词的否定形式是在非谓语动词前面加“not”，这里是现在分词的完成式，表示在主句动作之前发生的动作，否定形式为“Not having”。

5. He is often heard sing in the classroom.A. singB. to singC. singingD. sung解析：在主动语态中，感官动词“hear”后面接不带to的不定式作宾补，但是在被动语态中，要加上to，所以这里是“to sing”。