高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解编选(二)4

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校湖南2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编题阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

On Friday June 21st，2013，the folks at the annual Sonoma County Fair in California celebrated the 25th anniversary of a rather unusual contest—one that crowns the “World's Ugliest Dog”！ And while in most settings a title like this would be considered insulting (无礼的) here，it is liked by both the dog owners who come from all over the world and the visitors that come to cheer the contestants.To mark this special anniversary，this year's fair that was themed “Dog Days of Summer” featured among other things，including an exhibit featuring the contestants and winners from the last 25 years.As for the winner? Unlike last year，when he had flown in all the way from London，England，this year's title winner was Chico，California resident Walle，who beat out 29 other equally “ugly contestants”. The refreshing part was that Walle，who happened to be a last minute entrant(参赛者)，is not a nearly hairless，Chinese Crested Chihuahua or a mix of both breeds，which have been dominating the contest for many years now. Instead，he is a mutt mix—part beagle，part basset and part boxer.The four－year－old impressed the judges with his giant head and humped back. As one of them put it，he looked as though he had been photoshopped with pieces from various dogs and maybe a few other animals. It exactly represents the kind of natural “ugliness” they were looking for!Along with the title，the first time entrant received a cash prize of $1，500 as well as scheduled appearances on NBC's weekend Today on Sunday，the Today Show on Monday and the Jimmy Kimmel Show on Wednesday.Though the competition may seem unbelievable to some people，it is held just for fun and organized by an animal psychiatrist who not only vets the dogs before they enter the competition to ensure they are healthy，but also has a “pet” talk with them to ensure they are also happy. It is also important to remember all the contestants come from homes where they are loved because of their rather unusual looks. After all，beauty is in the eye of the beholder!【解题导语】在6月21日举行的世界上最丑的狗的比赛上，一条三个品种的杂交狗赢得了“世界上最丑的狗”这个头衔。

落堕市安心阳光实验学校2014高考英语阅读理解训练题（4）附答案I don't ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it's like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics(天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as 3 post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn't want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don't study sociology or political theory.Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women's college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer: 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don't dismiss those concerns. Still, I don't tell them "war" stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that's a sight worth talking about.9. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute(归因于) the author's failures to_____.A. the very fact that she is a womanB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the burden she bears in a male-dominated society10. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People's stereotyped attitude towards female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurture11. Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about herclass?A. Female students no longer have to worry about gender issues.B. Her students' performance has brought back her confidence.C. Her female students can do just as well as male students.D. More female students are pursuing science than before.12. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn't have the concerns of her generation.B. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.C. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.D. Women now have fewer discrimination problems about science career.（C篇）ACDC********************************************************结束社会生活类---[2012·上海卷](C)Researchers in the psychology department at the University ofCalifornia at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference inthe way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain whymen are more likely to suffer from stress­related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both menand women have the same “fight­or­flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in thefight­or­flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (“befriend”)．Scientists have long known that in the fight­or­flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend­or­befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress­related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend­and­befriend regulatory (调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to ________.A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74. What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How men and women get over stressB. How men and women suffer from stressC. How researchers overcome stress problemsD. How researchers h andle stress­related disorders【要点综述】本文主要介绍男女对压力反应的区别和原因以及如何克服压力。

选择性必修第一册Unit 4Body LanguageⅠ.阅读理解AThis year，it felt as if every good movie was also an argument for why movies reward your attention，engage your feelings and respect your intelligence.Petite Maman(Céline Sciamma)The death of a grandmother，the sorrow of a parent，the acquisition of a new friend—these ordinary experiences，occurring in the life of an 8-year-old girl，provide the basic structure of this spare，perfect it’s best described as a modern-dress fairy tale，or a low-tech time travel fantasy is up to ’s certain is that the performance of the cast causes maximum emotional impact.(Coming to theaters.)Summer of Soul(Questlove)This documentary about a series of open-air concerts in Harlem in 1969 connecting impressive performances with interviews with musicians and audience members，is a shot of pure the film is more than a time capsule: It’s a history lesson and an argument for why art matters，and what it can do，especially in time of anxiety.(Streaming on Hulu.)Bring Your O w n Brigade(Lucy Walker)This documentary about California wildfires of September 2021 is also，almost by accident，an exploration of the country’s response to the COVID-19 picture Walker paints is complicated，partly because that’s the way people are: panicked，generous，stupid and movie is hardly optimistic，but its open-mindedness provides a buffer against despair.(In theaters.) The V el v et Underground(Todd Haynes)Like “Summer of Soul”，this documentary revisits the music of the 1960s in a spirit that is more historical than just recalling the than gathering present-day musicians to celebrate their ancestors，Haynes concentrates on the Velvet，a band，and on the artistic scene that inspired particular，he focuses on their connections to the experimental cinema that boomed in New York.(Streaming on Apple TV＋.)语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。

淮南市清河区2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解选练四【2016 高考训练】阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、 B、 C 和 D）中，选出最正确选项。

LIPITORABOUT LIPITORLipitor is a prescription medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers“bad”Cholesterol (胆固醇) in your blood. It can also raise“good”cholesterol.Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common riskfactors, including family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, ageand smoking.WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?Who can take LIPITOR：· People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise.· Adults and children over l0.Who should NOT take LIPITOR：· Womenwho are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby.· Womenwho are breast -feeding.Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.· People with liver(肝脏)problems.POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITORSerious side effects in a small number of people：· Muscle ( 肌肉 )problems that can lead to kidney( 肾脏 )problems, including kidney failure. · Liver problems . Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you startLipitor and while you are taking it.Call your doctor right away if you have：· Unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feel very tired.· Swelling of the fac e, lips, tongue, or throat that may cause difficulty in breathingor Swallowing.· Stomach pain.Some common side effects of LIPITOR are：·Muscle pain.·Upset stomach.·Changes in some blood tests.HOW TO TAKE LIPITORDo：· Take Lipitor as prescribed b y your doctor.· Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor.·Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.·If you miss a dose (一剂), take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been morethan12 hours since you missed dose, wait, Take the next dose at your regular time.Don’t ：·Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.·Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.1. What is the major function of Lipitor?A. To help quit smoking.B. To lower "bad" cholesterol.C. To improve unhealthy diet.D. To control blood pressure.2. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should.A. change the amount of your next doseB. eat more when taking your next doseC. have a dose as soon as you rememberD. take the next dose at your regular time3. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery.B.To present a report on a scientific research.C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.D. To give information about a kind of medicine.参照答案1— 3、 BDD由 (2011 江苏 ,B) 改编AttractionsDo you:◆L ove the National Park,value it and hope to safeguard its future?◆W ish to see the beautiful landscape of the Park protected?◆L ike to e njoy peaceful,informal recreation within the Park?AimsThe Friends organization aims are to help protect and improve the Pembrokeshire CoastNational Park for all to enjoy.We are a voluntary organization and registered charity withoutfinancial links to the National Park Authority.ActivitiesWe encourage everyone to enjoy the National Park through regular talks and visits to interesting places in thePark with expert guides.We keep an eye on planning applications,Park Authority policies and threats to the National Park such as massive leisure complexes.We work with like-minded organizations such as theCampaign for National Parks to make our voice more effective.We help children to understand the National Park by sponsoring publications such as an adventure booklet and projects in local schools.Benefits◆G uided visits to places of interest which may not always be available to the general public.◆A ll members receive our regular News and Views.◆T alks by experts in their fields on current issues.◆A discount is available on Friends items for sale.◆Satisfa ction of participation in work parties,for those willing and able to be involved.1.Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?()A.To build massive complexes for public amusement.B.To prevent possible damages to the National Park.C.To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.D.To sponsor publications and projects in local schools.2.One of the benefits for members of Friends is to.A.have Friends ’ goods free of chargeB.visit any place not open to the publicC.take part in work parties if they want toD.give talks in their fields on current issues3.The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to.A.raise money for the Friends organizationB.join the Friends organization and be members of itC.work as managers for Pembrokeshire National ParkD.enjoy the landscape of Pembrokeshire National Park语篇解读 : 本文是广告类应用文, 介绍了友人组织的目的和性质, 号召人们加入其志愿活动。

2023版新教材高考英语一轮总复习：UNIT 4 单元主题训练Ⅰ.阅读理解2022·广州质检When my 8-month-old cries, I ask him if he's hungry, or wet or just needs a hug.“Babububuu，” he says.What I need is a baby cry translator. That's just what a team of researchers say they've developed.“Experienced nurses or pediatricians (儿科医师) can identify why baby is crying because they have experience，”says Lichuan Liu, a professor of electrical engineering at Northern Illinois University, who conducted the research. “We talked to them, and they mentioned that based on the cry's sound there're some clues (线索)．”So Liu set out to identify the features of cries that can help mark them as expressions of pain or discomfort. These features include differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. The team then developed an algorithm (算法) based on automatic speech recognition to detect and identify these features. This “cry language recognition algorithm” was trained on recordings of baby cries taken from a hospital. It uses compressed sensing, a process that reconstructs a signal based on incomplete data. It can identify a baby's cry against a background of, say, adult speech or loud television sounds. By classifying different cry features, like pitch, the algorithm can suggest whether the cry is due to sickness or pain, and identify the degree of urgency.The team had experienced pediatric care providers assess forty-eight baby cry recordings for probable cause of crying — hunger, tiredness, etc. They then compared these to the algorithm's assessments. The algorithm agreed with the humans 70% of the time. Generally, so-called “uncommon cry signals”— signs of pain or sickness — are high-pitched and very loud compared to ordinary crying.Liu and her team continue to train the technology for greater accuracy. They also plan to add more features, like the ability to identify and classify movement and facial expressions. This could help give a more detailed reading of baby's emotional (情感的) and physical state. They also hope to begin human trials in the near future.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校2017高考英语（一轮）阅读理解选习阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Language is a major problem for the European Union (EU). The agreement or treaty which created the organization that eventually became the EU，the Treaty of Rome，stated that each country' s language must be treated equally.The original six countries had only three languages between them：French, German andDutch/Flemish.However，there are now 15 countries in the EU，with a total of 12 languages.EU documents must be translated into all these languages，and at official meetings the speeches must be translated into all the languages by interpreters.All this translating is very expensive and time consuming(费时的)．It is said that nearly half of all employees of the EU are engaged in translating documents and speeches，and nearly half of the EU's administrative(管理方面的)costs are spent on this task.In the near future it is probably that several more countries，most of them having their own languages，will join the EU，thus making the situation even worse.The problem is not just cost：there are practical difficulties as well.With 12 languages，there are 132 possible “translation situations” that might be needed.It is often difficult to find people in the right place at the right time who can translate from (for example) Danish into Greek，or Dutch into Portuguese，at a high professional standard.In practice the problem has been made less severe by the use of English in many contacts between EU officials，since almost all of them speak some English.However，any move to reduce the number of official languages(perhaps to four or five)would be a blow to the price of the smaller countries.Another commonly suggested solution is to make English the official language for all EU business.However，this is strongly resisted by powerful member countries like France and Germany.1．What's the main purpose of this passage?A. To give a solution to a problem.B．To find out a problem and show how severe it is.C．To criticize the European Union for ill efficiency.D．To show that the problem cannot be solved.答案：B 推理判断题。

UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义1．international airlines 国际航空公司2．traditional crafts 传统工艺3．antique shop 古董店4．a massive rock 一块巨大的岩石5．spectacular views 壮观的景色6．the snow-covered peaks 白雪覆盖的山峰7．a fire drill 一场消防演习8．a huge shopping mall 一家大型购物商场9．a bunch of flowers 一束鲜花10．to enter/leave harbour 进入/离开港口11．useful idioms 有用的习语二、表达词汇——在语境中活用(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思1．Emotional problems can arise from a physical cause, so it is very important to stay physically healthy.(vi.由……引起)2．There are bound to be price increases next year.(adj.一定会)3．The area is remarkable for its scenery.(n.景色)4．I'm just trying to highlight things you already know a little bit about.(vt.强调)5．At the time we couldn't have anticipated the result of our campaigning.(vt.预料)6．Soldiers had temporarily closed the border between the two countries.(n.边界)7．Contrary to popular belief, many cats dislike milk. (adj.相反的)8．Anyhow, I think the paper is well prepared.(adv.不过)9．Don't wait until you feel 100 percent confident before you proceed.(vi.继续做)10．By dusk we were dog-tired and heading for home. (n.黄昏)11．She spoke with a strong Australian accent.(n.口音)12．The company owes money to more than 60 banks.(vt.欠)(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式1．I spent a pleasant day in the country.(adj.令人愉快的)拓展：pleasure n．快乐，娱乐；乐事2．It's a totally awesome experience.(adj.很好的)拓展：awe n．敬畏；惊叹vt.使敬畏；使惊叹3．If the temperature drops below 0 ℃， water freezes.(vi.结冰)拓展：freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的4．The ending of the novel will astonish you.(vt.使吃惊)拓展：astonishing adj.惊人的；令人吃惊的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶5．Miss Parrish recently placed an advertisement in the local newspaper.(n.广告)拓展：advertise vt.& vi.(为……)做广告/宣传；登广告；招聘→advertising n．广告(业)三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思1．My first view of the island from the air took my breath away.令人惊叹2．Contrary to expectations, interest rates did not rise.相反的3．He introduced his plans briefly and then proceeded to explain them in more details.进而做4．In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.除……之外5．Fast mask-changing is unique to Sichuan Opera performance.是……特有的6．In contrast to the previous year, the situation is much better now.与……相比7．Students tend to owe their success to the guidance of their teachers.把……归功于8．Written records show that acupuncture dates back to the Song Dynasty.追溯到9．I've never come across such an experience in my time.遇到10．On the living room table I found a bunch of flowers and a good bottle of French wine.一束11．He may have some shortcomings, but all in all he is a good student.__C__A．尤其B．毕竟C．总的来说D．同时12．We drove all the way through pouring rain. __C__A．在某种程度上B．顺便说C．一路上D．在各方面13．I always start the day by going through my emails.__D__ A．通过B．经历C．完成D．查阅四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法1.2.3.教材原句Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive. (过去分词短语作状语)从车窗往外望去，加拿大巍峨的山脉和辽阔的森林尽收眼底。

练习24 语法填空＋阅读理解＋书面表达Ⅰ.语法填空get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach... the animals?______？Not the pandas, even though 4.________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5.________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often e to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 6.________ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 7.________ they need an English trainer.So, what are they learning? 8.________ (basic), how to describe a panda's life. It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9.________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 10.________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.Ⅱ.阅读理解enjoying a wonderful lunch in the cave­like dining room of an old hotel.It is hard to imagine being fortable in a room that probably seats a thousand people, but the real magic of the place is its wonderful setting. Every corner is a wood and stone masterpiece, with high glass windows that look out to the huge cliffs of the valley.A man entered with his family and took a seat. He wasn't in uniform, but he walked with the dignity of a soldier, and a slight limp (跛行). My suspicion was confirmed when he removed his hat and placed it on the table where I could see it. Embroidered (刺绣) on the cap were the words: “Iwo Jima Survivor”．As they were waiting for lunch, the others were talking happily, and this gentleman was staring out of the window. He was content to be left out of the conversation and allowed to take in the wonderful and impressive view of the waterfall.I watched him, and imagined how many horrors he had seen in the war. What losses did he suffer, and how many friends did he lose? What he had witnessed should have given him a good reason to lose faith in the world. Yet this tired soldier was smiling at the sky, at the sun and the roar of the waterfall. Somehow, after everything, the world was still beautiful to him.I walked over to him and said, “Excuse me, sir. I'm sorry to interrupt, but I saw your hat, and I just wanted to say thank you for serving.”He looked up at me, surp rised, and said proudly, “You're wele, and thank you, too.”I told him I would go home and tell my children about this experience that I'd met him.1．What can we know about the place where the author enjoyed lunch?A．It was only open to people of the upper class.B．It was once visited by many famous people.C．It was attractive because of its beautiful surroundings.D.It was modeled on scenes from American history.2．What can we learn from the passage?A．The author at first thought the gentleman was famous.B．The gentleman stood out because of his uniform.C.The gentleman's family didn't like to talk with him.D.The gentleman wasn't expecting the author to thank him.3．What encouraged the author to talk to the soldier?A.The soldier's disability.B．The soldier's loneliness.C．The soldier's contribution to his country.D．The soldier's bravery to fight in the war.4．What is the author's attitude toward the soldier?A．Admiring. B．Satisfied.C．Sympathetic. D．Doubtful.Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the remended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It es after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks panies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk­based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small paniesmanufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.5．Why was the sugar tax introduced?A．To collect money for schools.B．To improve the quality of drinks.C．To protect children's health.D．To encourage research in education.6．How did some drinks panies respond to the sugar tax?A．They turned to overseas markets.B．They raised the prices of their products.C．They cut down on their production.D．The reduced their products' sugar content.7．From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?A．Most alcoholic drinks. B．Milk­based dr inks.C．Fruit juices. D．Classic Coke.8．What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?A．It is a short­sighted decision.B．It is a success story.C．It benefits manufacturers.D．It upsets customers.Ⅲ.书面表达[2023·包头四中月考]假定你校英语社团将举办以“Follow Your Dreams”为主题的英语演讲活动。