2018年高考英语一轮复习语法专题定语从句复习(练)(含解析)新人教版必修2

专题九定语从句考点精讲考点一关系词的用法关系词被修饰的先行词关系词在从句中充当的成分who 指人的词主语、宾语、表语whom 指人的词宾语whose 指人或物的词定语that 指人或物的词主语、宾语、表语which 指物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语as 指人或物的词或整个主句主语、宾语、表语when 表示时间的名词时间状语where 表示地点的名词地点状语why 表示原因的名词reason 原因状语有些在语言学习上很有成就的人，在其他领域常常一无所成。

I have many friends to whom I'm going to send postcards．我有很多朋友，我打算寄明信片给他们。

Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly．很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。

He will tell you everything that he heard about it．他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。

This is the factory(which/that)we visited last year．这就是我们去年参观的那家工厂。

As we know，smoking is harmful to one's health．众所周知，吸烟有害健康。

There are occasions when(＝on which)one must yield．任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where(＝in which) I was born．北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why(＝for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？特别提示： whose指人或物，作定语。

定语从句I．单句填空（高考题）1．Many young people，most of ________were well－educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.2．We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，________ the weather may be better. 3．One day，mentally exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons ________ this problem could not be solved.4．Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of ________ has been proved.5． I made friends with the natives，and their reaction amazed me.They gave me presents of their favorite artworks ________ they had refused to sell to tourists.6．(2016·四川高考)One important biological factor________helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.7．I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.8．(2016·北京高考)So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo，________ they are treated with calcium EDTA，a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. 9．(2016·全国Ⅰ)A nurse ________ understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 10．(2016·全国Ⅰ)I had one trip last year________I was caught by a hurricane in America.3．why [句意：一天，精疲力竭，我写下这个问题不能解决的所有原因。

高考英语一轮复习新人教版必修2 定语从句（2）练习英语试卷一、单项填空详细信息1.难度：中等Many college students are willing to work in Western China after graduation ________, poor and backward as it is, more opportunities of employment are available.A. whichB. whenC. thatD. where详细信息2.难度：中等The English play _____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.A. for whichB. in whichC. at whichD. on which详细信息3.难度：中等I’m going to spend the summer holiday in Hainan,________ lives my uncle.A. whereB. whoC. whichD. when详细信息4.难度：中等Ning Zetao easily proved himself to be a rising star with four gold medals during the 17th Asian Games, ______was held in Incheon, South Korea last year.A. whereB. whoC. whichD. that详细信息5.难度：中等The lady standing over there may be from the USA, _____ I guess has lost her way.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. where详细信息6.难度：中等An American student turned her exam notes into Van Gogh’s StarryNight, amazed all her teachers.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. as详细信息7.难度：中等His study in Peking University lasted four years, ______ he founded his own company in Hong Kong.A. after whichB. after whenC. after thatD. after it详细信息8.难度：中等Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of film _________ is bad fortheir mental development.A. asB. whatC. whichD. that详细信息9.难度：中等The Alibaba Group, _____was founded in 1999, has become China’s largest e-commerce company.A. whatB. whichC. whoseD. whether详细信息10.难度：中等Teenage is an especially important stage for us, ______we are supposed to go all out to improve ourselves because anything can happen.A. whatB. whereC. whichD. that详细信息11.难度：中等Andrew lives alone and enjoys the company of a pet cat _______ he’s grown so fond.A. whichB. in whichC. of whichD. when详细信息12.难度：中等After the death of her mother, the girl was sold to a rich man just in the neighboring area, from _______ house she tried to escape twice.A. whomB. hisC. whoseD. which详细信息13.难度：中等Their youngest girl is at the stage ______ she can say a single word but not a full sentenceA. whenB. whichC. thatD. where二、语法填空详细信息14.难度：中等阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

定语从句语法知识精讲定语从句一、考点梳理。

1.考查which/who(m)引导的非限制性定语从句which引导非限制性定语从句，用以指代整个主句的内容，或主句中某个词或短语的内容。

【例】She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these【答案】C【例】 By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.A. whoB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】B【解析】which在此引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，表示前面所提到的情况。

【例】 Chan's restaurant on Baker Street,___________used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.A. thatB.whichC.whoD. where【答案】B【解析】which used to be poorly run为非限制性定语从句，其中的which指代前面的Chan's restaurant。

2.考查as引导的非限制性定语从句as也可指代整个主句的内容，但不同于which的是，它引导的定语从句既可以位于主句的前面，也可以位于主句的后面。

它的意思是“正如”，as在这些从句中作主语或宾语。

【例】____I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. WhenB.AfterC.AsD. Since【答案】C【解析】as引导非限制性定语从句，其意为“正如”。

一、 定语从句概览二、 语法详解在复合句中作定语，修饰名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫做定语从句。

定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词。

被修饰的局部叫先行词，连接先行词与从句的词叫做关系词。

（1） 限制性定语从句与非限制限制性定语从句的区别定语从句分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句关系词关系代词who ，whom,which, that, whose关系副词when, where, why介词+关系代词介词+which/whom1.He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)2.He has tow sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has more thantwo sons.)3.He failed in the match, which was a great pity.(非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子) 〔=He failed in the match, and it was a great pity.〕(2)定语从句关系词的用法注意：1.作宾语时who和whom常可互换，但作宾语的关系代词前有介词时用whom。

●The old man with whom I often go to the park is my grandfather.2. “whose+名词〞可与“限定词+名词+of which/whom〞或“of which/whom +限定词+名词〞换用。

●The house whose windows(=the windows of which或of which the windows) facethe street is my uncle’s.●This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.=This is the scientist, the achievement of whom are well known.=This is the scientist, of whom the achievements are well known.例句：1.The boy who/that was in the office yesterday is my brother.2.I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards.3.The work that/which has just been finished is very important.4.That’s the girl (whom/who/that) I teach.5.This is the student whose handwriting is the best in our school.6.I still remember the day whenI first came to this school.7.The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.8.I’d like to know the reason why you are so late.(3)关系代词与关系副词选用依据1. 在限制性定语从句中，用关系词that不用which的情况：1.I refuse to accept the blame for somehting ____ was someone else’s fault.2.Whenever I met her, _____ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweetsmile.3.All the presents ______ your friends gace you on your birthday should beput away.4.This is the very book ____ I have been looking for.5.He was late for the opening ceremony, ____was very surprising to me.(5)as 与which的用法区别as(1)引导限制性定语从句，作关系代词，既可指人又可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。

高考英语一轮复习语法专题（二）定语从句------关系代词Attributive clauses一、什么是定语(attribute)？定义：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分。

He is an honest boy.We love our country.I know the girl in red.位置：单个的词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词前面；短语或从句作定语时，放在被修饰的词后面。

二、定语从句1.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句（句意：“……的”）2.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“ 先行词”3.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。

He is an Chinese teacherwho likes singing songs.该句中，teacher 是先行词，who是关系代词，who likes singing songs 叫做定语从句三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。

四、定语从句中的关系词关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、that关系副词：where﹑when﹑why关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代关系关系代词的三个作用:1. 引导定语从句。

2. 代替先行词。

3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。

关系词：指人：who、that、whom 、whose指物：which、that、whose例：1.The girl is from America.I called her just now.我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。

→The girl (whom/that/whoI called just now ) is from America. whom/that/who代替the girl，作定语从句中的宾语2. They’re talking about the film.I have seen the film.他们正在讨论我看过的那部电影。

特殊句式特殊句式一、考点梳理。

1.考查否定词置于句首时的倒装形式【例】 Never in my wildest dreams_____these people are living in such poor conditions.A.I could imagineB.could I imagineC.I couldn't imagineD.couldn't I imagine【答案】B2.考查否定的介词短语置于句首时的倒装形式【例】I've tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means________with my progress.A. the teacher is not satisfiedB.is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied【答案】D【解析】当by no means, in no case, on no condition等表示否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，其后要用倒装语序。

3.考查so／neither／nor doI类型的倒装形式【例】(1) —— My room gets very cold at night.—— ____.A. So is mineB.So mine isC.So does mineD.So mine does【答案】C【解析】so does mine在此的意思是“我的房间也一样”。

表示“……也一样”时，so的后面要用倒装语序，故可排除选项B和D。

又因为前面一句的谓语动词为实义动词(gets)，所以后面一句要用助动词does，不能用is。

所以答案选C。

【例】(2) If Joe's wife won't go to the party,____.A. he will eitherB.neither will heC.he neither willD.either he will【答案】B【解析】当要表示“……也一样不”时，neither后要接倒装语序，故选B。