2019届高三英语专题复习3：高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——定语从句

高考定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语中非常重要和常见的一种语法结构，也是高考中经常考察的知识点之一。

定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词，起到进一步说明或限制的作用。

本文将结合例子对高考中常考的定语从句知识点进行总结。

一、定义和基本结构定语从句是一个从句，由引导词（也称为关系词）引导并与名词或代词相连，加以修饰。

引导词包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词包括：that, which, who, whom, whose。

关系副词包括：where, when, why。

定语从句的基本结构为：关系代词/关系副词 + 先行词。

二、关系代词的用法1. that: 用于人或事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

例句1：The book that you lent me is very interesting.例句2：This is the school that I used to study in.2. which: 用于事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

例句1：I bought a new computer, which is very expensive.例句2：This is the house which my grandparents lived in.3. who: 用于人，在定语从句中作主语。

例句1：The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.例句2：I know a man who can speak five languages.4. whom: 用于人，在定语从句中作宾语。

例句1：He is the boy whom I met at the party.例句2：She is the teacher whom I respect a lot.5. whose: 用于人或事物，在定语从句中表示所属关系。

例句1：I have a friend whose father is a doctor.例句2：This is the company whose products are very popular.三、关系副词的用法1. where: 用于地点，在定语从句中表示地点。

2019年高考英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)【定语从句真题演练】1. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when2. It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages..A. asB. whereC. thatD. which3. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.A. whomB. whichC. themD. that4. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. who5. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.A. whichB. whereC. whomD. when6. China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which7. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______school education depends.A. itB. thatC. whoseD. which8. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.A.whoB. whichC. whenD. Where9. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. why10. I now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quiteunexpected.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. it11. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work________ a good impression is a must.A. whichB. whenC. asD. where12. The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A. WhenB. whereC. whyD. which13. I don’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up to rescuea kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. why14. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ____ are family members.A．them B．that C．which D. whom15. _____is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A. ItB. ThatC. WhatD. As一、定语从句定义及相关术语1、定语从句在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句中的典型陷阱题型分析定语从句是英语学习中基础的句型，但是又是考试中的热点，对定语从句的掌握除了最基础的引导词的用法，that 和 which区别之外，还有一些重要的句型和定语从句会易混或者融合在一起，要想彻底掌握定语从句，相关题型得高分，也必须学透。

在教学中，我通过分析试题，切合学生实际，把它们加以总结，和大家分享。

1. 注意区别先行词和引导词Is this+名词+ the one +that从句Is this+the +名词+that从句Is this school the one that we visited?Is this the school that we visited?[涉及到名词的用法，第一个句子的先行词是the one，第二个句子的先行词是the school。

]Is this the school that we visited?Is this the school where we studied?[涉及到定语从句中的动词，第一个句子的谓语动词是及物动词that充当宾语，第二个句子的谓语动词是不及物动词，where充当状语。

]2. 注意区别定语从句和强调句型。

It is +名词+that/which…(定语从句)It is +介词+名词+that…(强调句型)It is 1949 that he was born in.It is in 1949 that the Republic of China was founded.[名词是表示时间或者是地点的名词。

强调句型去掉结构It is …that 句子依然成立，that在句子中不充当成分。

]3. 注意定语从句中谓语形式的选择。

He is one of the boys who play the piano.He is the only one of the boys who plays the piano.4. 注意区别the same…as, such…as, so…as句型和thesame…that, such…that ,so…that 句型。

【高考复习】高考英语易错点：定语从句易错点解剖高考英语易错点：定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who (宾格whom，所有格whose)和关系副词 where when why 等，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词that，which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语，whose在从句中作定语，而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。

如：①I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.②I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.解析：在句①中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语，所以用关系副词when来代指，引导定语从句修饰先行词the days;而在句②中，表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语，所以用关系代词that或which来代指。

同样，表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语，则用关系副词where 或why来代指;如果在从句中作动词的宾语，则用which或that来代替。

如：①This is the factory where/in which I worked.(作状语)②This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.(作宾语)注：当先行词为time,reason, place时，引导词可以省略。

如：① This was the first (when/what) I had serious trouble with my boss.② That is the reason (why) I did it.③ This is the place (where) we met yesterday.另外，定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。

高三定语从句知识点总结高三学生在英语学习中，定语从句是一个相对复杂的语法点。

准确理解和掌握定语从句的用法和结构对于正确运用此类句型至关重要。

本文将对高中阶段常见的定语从句知识点进行总结，旨在帮助同学们更好地学习和运用定语从句。

一、定语从句的定义与作用定语从句是包含在主句中的一个从句，用来修饰主句中的名词或代词，起到进一步限定、说明、描绘其特征或属性的作用。

二、定语从句的引导词常见的引导词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词包括when, where, why等。

三、定语从句的结构和用法1. 关系代词引导的定语从句，在定语从句中充当句子成分。

例如：The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书很有趣。

2. 关系代词和关系副词的选择取决于其在定语从句中所充当的角色。

例如：John is the boy who/that won the prize.约翰是那个获得奖金的男孩。

3. 定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词可省略。

例如：This is the house (which/that) I used to live in.这是我曾经住过的房子。

4. 关系代词whose用于表示所属关系，修饰物或人。

例如：Peter is the boy whose father is a doctor.彼得是个父亲是医生的男孩。

5. 关系副词when, where, why引导的定语从句分别表示时间、地点和原因。

例如：I still remember the day when we first met.我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。

四、特殊情况下的定语从句1. 在非限制性定语从句中，通常用逗号将其与主句分开。

例如：My brother, who is a teacher, lives in Beijing.我的哥哥是个老师，住在北京。

2019-2020年高考英语语法陷阱题总结归纳-定语从句◆典型陷阱题分析◆1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.A. which wasB. it wasC. which wereD. them were【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：（1）Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.A. which isB. it isC. which areD. them are（2）The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are（3）Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospita l around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。

高考英语新定语从句知识点知识点总复习(3)一、选择题1．You were really between a rock and a hard place ______ you had to choose between your career and your relationship.A．when B．where C．before D．until 2．Optimism is the essential ingredient of top performers,__________we assume separates the high achievers from the rest.A．as B．who C．which D．that3．The background music is such wonderful music _______ is played in the background to put you in a particular mood.A．what B．that C．as D．which4．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members.A．them B．thatC．which D．whom5．Claims, if any, must be made within 30 days, _____ no claims will be accepted.A．without which B．for which C．during which D．after which6．My brother bought a telescope, ______ he could study the star in the night sky.A．of which B．through which C．in which D．on which 7．Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.A．on which B．in which C．to which D．with which8．The beautiful dress _______ Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers. A．that B．which C．in which D．wearing which 9．Sales director is a position _______ communication ability is just as important as sales. A．which B．that C．when D．where10．He pointed out such a crucial detail about the experiment ______ we could never neglect. A．as B．that C．where D．when11．In China, “mythical creatures” is used to describe troublesome schoolchildren ________ behaviors drive their parents crazy.A．whose B．when C．who D．of whom 12．Though it is 30 years_______we last met, I still remember the scene_______we got separated on a rainy day.A．before; where B．before; which C．since; when D．since; where 13．The Molalla High School has a wall of Post-it notes ________ students write kind messages for kids to take when they have a bad day.A．that B．which C．when D．where14．We won’t forget the heroes ________ lost their lives while fighting against a forest fire. A．who B．whose C．when D．why15．Car races are recorded and uploaded to YouTube and other video platforms, ______________ they can be viewed repeatedly.A．which B．where C．when D．there16．Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson.A．which B．when C．where D．who17．The growth of economy is influenced by a number of factors, ________are beyond our control.A．most of them B．most of that C．most of what D．most of which 18．You were very impolite to him, for _____ you should make an apology to him, I think. A．this B．which C．what D．that19．I shall never forget those years _______ I spent on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A．when; who B．that; which C．which; that D．when; which 20．Even Amundsen was moved by Scott's death saying "Captain Scott left a record, for honesty, sincerity, for bravery, for everything _______makes a man".A．that B．which C．who D．不填21．There was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.A．while B．as C．when D．unless 22．Eventually, the butterfly manages to reach the place____________ it will spend the winter. A．which B．when C．that D．where23．This is the last factory ________ he used to work at, many workers of _______ still have a good relationship with him.A．/; it B．which; whom C．/; which D．which; that 24．What surprised me was not what he said but the way _______ he said it.A．that B．in thatC．what D．where25．I saw a man shouting at a driver, ________ the car is blocking the street.A．whose B．of whom C．of which D．whom【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。

典型陷阱题详解-定语从句1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.A. which wasB. it wasC. which wereD. them were【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。

请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops.A. which isB. it isC. which areD. them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。

2019年高考英语二轮专题复及考题预测：定语从句（附解析）定语从句是高中英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。

因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。

2019年高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。

对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。

定语从句是高考的热点，对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom 引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。

考点1：关系代词一览表In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. whichB. itsC. whoseD. whom【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。

先行词the World Food Programme在非限制性定语从句中作定语，修饰名词purposes，所以用关系代词whose引导，故选C项。

句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。

【典例】China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which【答案】D【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。