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考点21 关系代词引导的定语从句高考频度:★★★★★【考点解读】定语从句在高考的基础知识方面的考查主要体现在单选题，语法填空及短文改错中，在单项选择中主要考查定语从句的一些基本用法,如常见关系词的选择，在选择的过程中，一定要注意限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别，定语从句与名词性从句，及状语从句的引导词的区别等，有时也会与其他修饰性的句型结构之间进行误导性考查，如与强调句性等,所以重点掌握的是从高考题中总结规律,达到熟练应用。
【高考预测】定语从句是历年高考的重点，主要考查常见关系代词和关系副词的用法，比如which/that/as/ when/where的用法及区别性的选择等，及与其他从句如名词性从句的区别等。
在高考的中主要体现在语法填空，短文改错,完型填空等中，且完形填空80%每年会出一道题。
考向一常见关系代词的基本用法1。
that可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。
不能引导非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语。
2。
which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语.如：The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father。
（主语）3. who，whom, whose（1）who: 主格，在从句中作主语,只可指人（2)whom: 宾格，在从句中只能作宾语；只可指人（3）whose: 表所属关系，在从句中作定语。
译为:某人的，某物的(4）whose + 名词=the + n. + of which （某物的) = he + n. + of whom (某人的)注意：①关系代词作介词宾语(在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后:表人用whom;表物用which）②关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式。
（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义.关系代词who 和that 用作介词宾语时，介词必须放在句末.）4。
2019最新高考英语语法要点细讲精练01—定语从句（详解）注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。
在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。
考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。
只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。
【考纲解读】定语从句在历年的高考全国卷及各地卷的单项填空中，都是考试热点。
在今后的高考试题中，定语从句仍是考查的重点。
定语从句常被考查的知识有：〔1〕九个不同的关系代词或副词引导的限制性定语从句；〔2〕七个不同的关系代词或副词引导的非限制性定语从句；〔3〕对as，which，that，what 代词的理解区分及运用。
考查往往是通过关系代词或关系副词来实现，并考查定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的区别。
总之，对定语从句的考查主要集中在关系代词和关系副词的选择上，我们尤其要注意“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。
【知识要点】【一】形容词性从句一般称为定语从句，在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时可【二】引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose关系副词有when，where，why关系代词和关系副词不仅有连接先行词和从句的作用，而且在从句中担当一个句子成分。
1.1)由who关系代词whoAteacherisapersonwhopassesknowledgetothestudent.教师是传授知识的人。
〔关系代词在从句中作主语〕Themanwhocandothisworkwillget1000dollars.能够做此工作的人将获得1000美元。
〔关系代词who在从句中作主语〕2)由whom关系代词whom只能指人，是whoThemanwhomyoumetonthestreetismyfather.你在街上碰到的那个人是我父亲。
第十讲定语从句一、用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1．Because of my poor memory, all ________ you told me has been forgotten.2．Do you remember those days ________ we spent along the seashore very happily?3．Those ________ want to go please sign their names here.4．Who is the woman ________ is sweeping the floor over there?5．The man ________ you are going to make friends is my father's neighbour.6．Finally, the thief handed over everything ________ he had stolen to the police.7．This is the very letter ________came last night.8．This is the factory ________ we worked a year ago.9．Jack is pleased with what you have given him and all ________ you have told him.10．Do you work near the building ________ colour is yellow?11．Alice received an invitation from her boss, ________ came as a surprise.12．They stayed with me three weeks, ________ they drank all the wine I had.13．The room ________ Mr.White lives is not very large.14．I've finished writing the novel, ________ is to be published next month.15．He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ________ was unexpected.16．The old man had three sons, all of ________ died during World War Ⅱ.17．I have bought two pens, both of ________ write well.18．Do you know the reason ________ she has changed her mind?19．________ may be imagined, he succeeded in the exam.20．We should read such books ________ will make us better and wiser.21．It is the first time ________ I have come to your city.22．Who ________ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.23．I shall never forget those years ________ I lived in the country with the farmers, ________ has a great effect on my life.24．This is the only book ________ I can find.25．This is the only one of the students ________ handwriting is beautiful.26．You must show my wife the same respect ________ you show me.二、辨析相似结构并选择正确答案(一)A.whereB.whichC.thatD.the oneE./1．Is this museum ________ they visited yesterday?2．Is this the museum ________ they visited yesterday?3．Is this museum ________ they stayed yesterday?4．Is this the museum ________ they stayed yesterday?5．Is the museum ________ you visited yesterday beautiful?6．It was the museum ________ you saw many treasures.7．It was in the museum ________ you saw many treasures.(二)A.whereB.in whichC.at whichD.thatE.whichF.itsG.of whichH.whoseI./1．She lived in the house ________ she used to live.2．She lived in the house ________ she used to live in.3．She lived in the house ________ she used to drop in.4．She lived in the house ________ she used to visit.5．She lived in the house ________ windows were broken.6．She lived in the house ________ the windows were broken.7．She lived in the house the windows ________ were broken.8．She lived in the house and ________ windows were broken.(三)A.itB.asC.whichD.whatE.that1．________ is known is that he has gone to college.2．________ is known that he has gone to college.3．________ is known, he has gone to college.4．We all know ________ he has gone to college.5．He has gone to college, ________ made us surprised.6．He has gone to college and ________ made us surprised.7．He has gone to college, ________ surprised us.8．________ surprised us most was ________ he has gone to college.(四)A.asB.thatC.which1．He is such a good teacher ________ we all like.2．He is such a good teacher ________ we all like him.3．He is a good teacher, ________ makes us respect him.(五)A.whereB.whichC.thereD.that1．He arrived in Beijing in 1984, ________ he became a manager, some years later. 2．He arrived in Beijing in 1984, ________ was important for him.3．He arrived in Beijing in 1984, and ________ he became famous.4．It was in 1984 ________ he arrived in Beijing.三、基础写作[写作内容]请写一篇简介中国的短文，内容包括：1．众所周知，中国有960万平方公里的土地，是世界第三大国；2．中国有56个民族，其中汉族人(the Han ethnic group)占92%；3．中国有许多大河流，其中长江和黄河是最重要的河流；4．曾有一段时间中国的经济落后于世界许多国家；5．随着经济的增长，中国人被歧视的日子一去不复返了，所有中国人都为此感到自豪。
2019年高考英语定语从句真题汇编(名师精选全国真题+实战训练，建议下载练习)【定语从句真题演练】1. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when2. It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages..A. asB. whereC. thatD. which3. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.A. whomB. whichC. themD. that4. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. who5. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.A. whichB. whereC. whomD. when6. China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which7. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon______school education depends.A. itB. thatC. whoseD. which8. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.A.whoB. whichC. whenD. Where9. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. why10. I now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. it11. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work________ a good impression is a must.A. whichB. whenC. asD. where12. The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A. WhenB. whereC. whyD. which13. I don’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up to rescuea kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. why14. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ____ are family members.A．them B．that C．which D. whom15. _____is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A. ItB. ThatC. WhatD. As一、定语从句定义及相关术语1、定语从句在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
2019高考-英语二轮专项练习：精品语法部分之定语从句定语从句是由先行词+关系代词/关系副词引导的从句构成。
所谓的先行词，其实就是汉语中被修饰的中心词。
我们称它为先行词，是因为它的位置跟汉语中的位置是不一样的。
一般来说汉语句子中喜欢把把作修饰的定语成分放在被修饰的中心词之前。
而英语中，如果是单个形容词修饰，可以放在中心词之前；如果是短语或句子〔从句〕，那么要放在他们所修饰的中心词之后，也就是说要后置。
也就是这样的结构，中心词+句子〔作定语成分起修饰作用〕。
入乡随俗，人家英国人对此有自己的称呼，“中心词”----先行词，因为放在修饰成分之前。
〔先锋官〕；“句子〔作定语成分起修饰作用〕”，被称为定语从句。
先行词可以是单个名词，名词短语，或者是句子。
关系代词：that(表人,表物，在从句中作主语或宾语)；who(表人,在从句中作主语)；whom(表人,在从句中作宾语)which(表物，在从句中作主语或宾语)whose(从句中作定语)关系副词：when(表时间);where(表地点)定语从句是复合句的一种。
复合句就是由两个或以上的句子组成，当然其中有组合规那么，即所谓的语法规那么。
Ihaveagoose. Thegooselayseightgoldeggseveryday.我有一只鹅。
这只鹅每天下8个金蛋。
我有一只每天下8个金蛋的鹅。
Ihaveagoosethegooselayseighteggseveryday. (F)Ihaveagoosethat/whichlayseighteggseveryday. (T)Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday. ThemanwhotoldmethisrefusedtogivemehisnamE、Thebookisaboutagirlwhofallsinlovewithanuglybuttalentedboy. Thenoisethathemadewokeeverybodyup、ShewasannoyedbysomethingthatIhadsaiD、定语从句分为：限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句。
专题八定语从句Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业文凭。
My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。
1．关系代词that与which的用法(1)限制性定语从句中只用that不用which的情况：①先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that。
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?你有什么要为自己说的吗？②先行词被序数词，形容词最高级，the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
This is the only thing that we can do now.这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
③先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。
The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。
④定语从句出现在which或who的特殊疑问句中时用that。
Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？Who is the boy that won the gold medal?赢得金牌的那个男孩是谁？⑤有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that。
2017-2019高考英语真题分类解----定语从句一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】21.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。
句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。
故选C。
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。
句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
3.【2019·新课标I卷·短文改错】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【答案】One afternoon wherewhenI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【解析】考查定语从句。
先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。
专题十定语从句题组1关系代词引导的定语从句1.[2017乙卷(全国Ⅰ),70]Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,is not good for the health.2.[2017江苏,28]In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.3.[2016北京,22]I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.4.[2015江苏,21]The number of smokers,is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.5.[2015重庆,14]He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.6.[2014山东,10]A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.7.[2014江西,28]Among the many dangers sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.8.[2014重庆,9]We’ll reach the sale s targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.9.[2014北京,26]I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,my classmates recommended to me.10.[2014陕西,13]Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.11.[2013江苏,32]The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,he remembers starting as early as his childhood.12.[2013湖南,21]Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.13.[2013重庆,24]John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members.14.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]Around me in this picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.15.[2016四川改错]The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.题组2关系副词引导的定语从句16.[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ),65]But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, I was the first Western TV reporter...17.[2015北京,24]Opposite is St. Paul’s Church,you can hear some lovely music.18.[2015陕西,15]As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.19.[2014江苏,22]The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at worka good impression is a must.20.[2014浙江,5]I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.21. [2013四川,9]Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live.22. [2013江西,33]He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.题组3"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句23.[2016浙江,11]Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none ofhas been proved.24.[2014天津,12]English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of uses it differently.25.[2013浙江,5]The children, all of had played the whole day long, were worn out.26.[2013辽宁,34]He may win the competition, in case he is likely to get into the national team.A组基础题A单句填空27.[2018山西吕梁高三阶段性测试,46]Irresponsible drivers drive too close often make the driver in front respond by sudden braking.28.[2018河南南阳一中三模,58]In addition, it is always wise to compare your results with those of other group members, and to keep records of the sources used by each person, without you can’t trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly.29.[2018山东、安徽大联考,61]It has some special determinants (决定因素), one of is the choice of clothes.30.[2018贵州遵义航天高中二模,70]That little act of kindness made everyone saw it feel good — but it made me feel the best of all !31.[2018河北武邑中学调研,69]You gain strength and confidence by every experience you look like a failure on the face of it and still carry on.32.[2018湖北重点高中协作体联考,61]On Teachers’ Day,I received a sweet greeting letter from Annie,one of my "cookies",I used to call my students.33.[2018江西赣州十四县市期中联考,66]All of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl,smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.34.[2018河南天一大联考,61]Beijing Opera has a history of 200 years origin can be seen as old local operas,especially Anhui Opera.35.[2018河北石家庄模考,47]Of course, there are times we need to travel long distances.36.[2018安徽江淮十校联考,61]For those have seen War for the Planet of the Apes,it’s easy to come to this conclusion —the movie isn’t about war or the planet,and it’s not necessarily even about the apes.37.[2018安徽皖南八校联考,45]The tea plant grows best in tropical and temperate zones rain falls throughout the year.38.[2017四川资阳高三一诊,66]Meanwhile, other robot teachers, can teach math, science and art, have also been developed.39.[2017江西宜春四校联考,43]...he announced the birth of his first child and the creation of the Chan Zuckerberg Fund, will focus on personalized learning, curing disease...40.[2017安徽皖南八校高三联考,64]To the world, he is an "abnormal creature" belonging to a minority that includes those can’t see, talk or hear.41.[2017湖北重点高中协作体联考,64]Cao is a deeply committed writer,difficult childhood hasa great influence on his writing.42.[2017河北邯郸期中联考,67]Besides, professionals work abroad can now communicate with their families back home with the use of mobile phones or computers.43.[2017福建四地六校联考,69]Then, later that afternoon, another big quake was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.44.[2017黑龙江哈尔滨附属中学高三联考,61]Nowadays, can we find a person hasn’t experienced online shopping? Definitely not.45.[2016湖北黄冈中学高三测试,69]When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market people from the towns met regularly.46.[2016鄂豫晋冀陕高三五省联考,61]It’s now a famous university located in the Haidian District of Beijing, a place in the key institutions of higher education are concentrated.47.[2016 湖南怀化一模,8]Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life they aren’t content with their parents.B单句改错48.[2018辽宁沈阳铁路实验中学高三考试]On the other hand,I can see the singers’ stories, who are so inspiring.49.[2018河南八市联考]It has abundant reading materials what I need most, greatly broadening my horizon.50.[2018河南郑州外国语学校调研]Last month our school held a Reading Week, which aim was to encourage the students to read widely.51.[2018河南中原名校质检]My first step is to set small targets what can be reached realistically.52.[2018黑龙江哈尔滨六中段考]Just as I was about to walk over to help him, I found a little girl, that was about ten years old, asked him if he needed help.53.[2018河南洛阳期中考试]We asked one of the workers what it was, and he told us it was an animal care center, there the sick animals got treated.54.[2018福建福州综合质量检测]Our class chose a story set in World War II, that showed the preciousness of peace.55.[2018辽宁重点高中协作校段考]Firstly, list all the tasks which must be done and decide which one requires immediate attention.56.[2018江西百所名校联考]On Tuesday morning, the students from both countries are to visit the Forbidden City, about that Mr. Zhang will tell some interesting stories.57.[2018广西南宁八中高三摸底考试]What is known to all, eating at home is a much healthier and less costly way of life than eating in a restaurant.58.[2017辽宁东北育才高三一模]My house is about three kilometers away from Xi’an Moslem Street, where is full of local foods.59.[2017山西重点中学协作体高三期中考试]Above all, they hosted an American student last year, through that they gained lots of experience.60.[2016江西重点中学协作体高三联考]I will find a job in an advertisement company which I will enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues.61.[2016湖南六校联考]Actually she is an exchange student from Ireland, which has been studying in my school for two months.62.[2016河南郑州高三质量检测]Every time I look at the pictures for which I took, I will remember the water, the bridges and the houses.B组提升题A专项语篇型填空(定语从句)The following is part of the story that most of my fellow students show interest in, the title of1I don’t seem to remember.Jane Platt, 2is traveling to London because of a mysterious letter, is the only person 3 witnesses a murder at Victoria Station. The detective to 4she gives her statement disappears. Jane goes to an office in Soho to answer the letter that she has received,5she discovers that her uncle Gordon, who lives in South America, has sent her a small box that she is to open only at the time 6she is in real trouble. Jane,7parents have never mentioned Uncle Gordon, is skeptical of the box,8she gives to her friend Tony. They go to Scotland Yard and see Inspector Groves, who has not heard of the Victoria Station murder, which was not reported by the police. Jane gives Groves the murdered man’s ticket that she found beside his body. Then Jane and Tony decide to go to Redhill, which is the town from 9the murdered man came. On the train they meet a man, whose face is somehow familiar to Jane,10says he knows her uncle Gordon.B语法填空[2017山东日照高三校际教学质量联合检测]Many people may think the Forbidden City, or the Palace Museum, is 61outstanding and old-fashioned museum. But, in recent years, the museum has been working hard 62(promote) Chinese cultural heritage among young people.The museum’s online store now offers special cultural and 63(create) products. For example, in 2014, it started to make T-shirts that look like an emperor’s coat. It also 64(sell) earphones that look like the necklaces worn by ancient officials, which brought 65about 1 billion yuan in sales in 2016, reported China Youth Daily.Last year, a documentary(纪录片)66(title)Masters in Forbidden City became popular online. The documentary is about the people 67job is to repair the relics in the museum. Many of these workers are young, and some are even in their 68(twenty).Some other69(museum)across the country, such as the National Museum of China,70 (inspire) by the Palace Museum’s efforts and are working on similar projects of their own.C短文改错[2017江西宜春四校高三联考]Nowadays Senior 3 students are general faced with a lot of pressure, which is rather common. To reduce it, the followed suggestions may help. First of all, know exactly what lead to your pressure, and then you can take measures to deal with it. Secondly, set up a goal what is not too high, in another words,don’t put too much pressure on yourself. Thirdly, find a way to relax you occasionally, for example, you can listen to music, go swim or just simply go walking.Eventually, make friend with others, for example, your classmates, your teachers, your parents. They will understand you and come to your help when you are really in the trouble. In a word, never get yourself stuck in the pressure for "impossible is nothing".答案专题十定语从句题组1关系代词引导的定语从句1.which考查关系代词。
高考英语专题复习《定语从句》十年真题汇总2024年1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.63.【答案】as【解析】考查介词。
句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。
”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。
故填as。
64.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。
”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。
故填which/that。
65.【答案】richness【解析】考查名词。
句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。
高考英语专题复习《定语从句》十年真题含答案2023年1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.s【43题详解】考查定语从句。
句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。
故填which/that。
【44题详解】考查名词。
句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。
故填wonders。
2.【2023年全国乙卷】The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfect.3.考查时态。
句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。
此处是定语从句的谓语动词，由上文Last Friday可知，应用一般过去时。
故choose改为chose。
4.考查定语从句。
句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。
2019高考英语专题复习定语从句（附答案）I. 考点分析一、概述用作定语的从句称为定语从句。
定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词和代词之后，这种名词和代词被称为先行词。
引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。
其中，关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which等，在从句中可作主语、宾语，定语等；关系副词有when, where, why等词，在定语从句中只用作状语。
其中，1. who, whom, whose指人，在从句中分别作主语（在非正式英语中也可作宾语,但可省略）、宾语和定语；whose也可指物，作定语；that可指人，也可指物，在从句中可作主语，也可作宾语；which指物，在从句中可作主语，也可作宾语。
注意：whom, that, which在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
请看例句：1）The man who was here yesterday is a painter.2) The man (who) I saw is called Smith.3) I know the man (whom) you mean.4) A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.5) I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.6) A letter that is written in pencil is hard to read.7) The letter (that) I received from him yesterday is very important.8) Is he the man that sells eggs?9) That is the boy (that) you are looking for.2. When 指时间，where指地点，why指原因，在从句中都作状语。
第八讲定语从句和名词性从句定语从句句子结构细辨别Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah，____________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.who 解析：所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指人，故用who。
2．(2017·浙江卷6月)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, ____________ it remained until the carr ot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it. where 解析：所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作状语，先行词是表示地点的the garden，故填where。
3．(2017·天津卷)My eldest son，____________ work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment.whose 解析：所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作work的定语，故用whose。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.____________________ they→that/which解析：分析句子结构可知，things后是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用that或which。
2019高考英语语法专题汇总：定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句高中阶段的英语学习，其实就是学语法、记单词和研究并熟练题型。
其中，语法是大多数同学最头疼的问题，原因在于其内容之繁杂和零散。
从今天起，小简老师会将高中英语所有语法专题总结在一起，供大家系统学习。
专题一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词2、as 的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
年高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。
对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
whom也指人，却只能做宾语。
which引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。
关系词代指前面的中国日报，在定语从句中做主语。
该句意思为：中国日报有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
故选D。
考点2：that与which，who，whom的用法区别A.that和which的用法区别:在定语从句中，关系代词which和that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。
但在下列情况下值得注意：只能用that而不能用which的情形(1)当先行词为：all, little, few, much, none,及some-, any-, no-, every-,与thing所组成的复合单词时，只能用that。
如：There is nothing that will stop us making progress. 没有事情会阻止我们进步。
(2)当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时，只能用that。
如：This is the only problem that we can’t work out. 这是我们不能解决的唯一的一个问题。
(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。
如：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。
(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。
如：Lu Xun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great.人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。
综合演练(定语从句)There was a time__1__I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was the reason__2__my father forced me to join in a 30day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club，__3__I met many strangers，I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately，my guide，__4__teacher was Yu Minhong，communicated with me facetoface，from__5__I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner，and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities__6__we did.I should be grateful to my father and the guide，__7__encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting to learn English，into__8__I put my entire energy.Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep，I recall the passages，through__9__I can memorize a large number of new words.__10__our English teacher says，“As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance，you will conquer English sooner or later.”[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文，叙述了作者参加英语俱乐部的难忘经历。
2019年高考英语专题复习-定语从句定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。
1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。
如：that, which和where, when的区分；that, which和why的区分等。
2. 考查whose的使用。
whose可以指代人或物, 在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。
指物时，whose＋名词＝名词＋ of which ＝ of which＋名词。
如：The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 3. 考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。
尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。
4. 考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。
如：I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.5. 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。
关系代词作定语时也可用whose。
如：The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.6. 考查一些特殊的先行词。
如：当situation, point, case, activity, scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时, 要注意具体情况具体分析；作主语、宾语和表语时, 用关系代词that/which; 作状语时, 用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”, 表示在某种特定的情形下。
7. 考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。
The house where he lives needs repairing.which/that he lives in他住的房子需要修理。
Have you asked her for the reason that/which my explain her absence?why she was absent?你是否问过她缺席的原因？②辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。
I don’t like the man who always speaks ill of others.我不喜欢总是说他人坏话的人。
I will never forget the days when we worked together.我永远也忘不了我们在一起工作的日子。
③判断从句是限制性还是非限制性定语从句。
A dictionary is a book that gives the meanings of words.词典是解释词语意思的书。
A dictionary is a book, which gives the meanings of words.词典是一本书, 它给出词语的意思。
④判断关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语, 取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。
This is the point where I disagree.这就是我不同意的地方。
(disagree为不及物动词, 故关系词用where。
)This is the point (which/that) I disagree with.这就是我不同意的地方。
(从句缺少介词with的宾语, 用that/which引导, 也可以省略)1.（2018·新课标II卷·短文改错）They also had a small pond which they raised fish.【参考答案】which前加in 或which改为where【易错提醒】当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。
若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。
如：Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语）Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（tha t或which作spent的宾语）2. （2018·江苏卷·单项填空）Self-driving is an area _______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【参考答案】B考点4限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句一、可以引导非限制性定语从句的引导词大部分可以引导限制性定语从句的关系词也可以引导非限制性定语从句，但是关系代词that和关系副词why通常除外。
1. 关系代词which先行词通常是指物的名词或代词，其中先行词还可以是短语或整个句子。
The villa, which we saw yesterday, is very beautiful.我们昨天看的别墅很漂亮。
（which指代the villa）Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.汤姆上学总是迟到，这一点令他的老师很生气。
（which指代整个主句的内容）2. 关系代词who,whom与whos e先行词指人时，who在引导的非限制性定语从句中作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语。
Bob’s father, who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt.鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年。
（who作主语）A young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。
（whom作宾语）I decided to write about Chaplin, one of whose films I had seen several years before.我决定写有关卓别林的文章，他的一部电影我几年前就看过了。
（whose作定语）3. 关系副词when与where关系副词在所引导的非限制性定语从句中作状语，where表示地点，when表示时间。
Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching.下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度暑假。
（when指代表示时间的名词短语next month，并作从句的状语。
）She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends.她要到澳门去居住，在那里她有几个密友。
（where指代表示地点的名词Macao，并在从句中作状语。
）4. as as可以引导非限制性定语从句，常有＂正如……＂的意思，所引导的从句既可置于主句之前，也可置于主句之后。
as多用于固定搭配中：as is known to all众所周知as has been said before如前所说as is often the case情况常常如此as may be imagined这可以想象得出as has been pointed out正如已经指出的那样as often happens这种情况常常发生as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的As you know, David is a photographer.=David, as you know, is a photographer.= David is a photographer, as you know.戴维是名摄影师，你是知道的。
（as引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。
）【易混辨析】as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
（as引导定语从句，位于句首，指代整个主句内容）Allen has made much progress in English, which delighted us.艾伦英语取得了很大进步，这使我们很高兴。
（which引导定语从句，相当于and this，表示因果关系）二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别那套房子位于市中心，是我们上个月买的。
（非限制性定语从句，不表明有多少套房子）The house (which/that) we bought last month lies in the center of the city.我们上个月买的那套房子位于市中心。
（限制性定语从句，暗含＂可能有若干套房子＂之意）1.（2018·新课标卷I·语法填空）Like anything, it is possible to have too muchof both, 70 is not good for the health.【参考答案】 which【答案解析】句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。
分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。
2.（2018·新课标卷II·短文改错）In their spare time, they are interesting（改为interested）in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.【参考答案】 which【答案解析】非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。
I.单项填空1. She is looking forward to the day her daughter wins the gold medal in the Olympics.A.howB.whichC.whenD.where【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
