2019 年8 月27 日
考点非谓语动词作定语
高考频度：★★★★★难易程度：★★★★☆
1.（2019·新课标II 卷·语法填空）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene
declared (declare) she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
【参考答案】to retire
【答案解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth 做后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。
2.（2019·新课标II 卷·语法填空）When we got a call 68 (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was
a joke.
【参考答案】saying
【答案解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying 作后置定语，解释名词call 的内容，call 与say 是主动关系，故填saying。
3.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】Earth Day， 4 (mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
【参考答案】marked
【答案解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4 月22 日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词Earth Day 的后置定语，且与其之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
st night, there were millions of people the opening ceremony live on TV.
A. watch
B. to watch
C. watched
D. watching
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】考查非谓语动词，考查方式为非谓语动词形式的选择。本题说明＂昨晚有成百万的人看电视上直播的开幕式＂，watching 引导的现在分词短语做定语，说明人们在做什么。与前面的people 构成主谓
关系，所以选择D。
【应试必备】
非谓语动词作定语
1.现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。
☞A young teacher teaching English came to apply for the position.
一位教英语的年轻老师来申请这个工作岗位。
2.过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作的被动和完成。
☞Tsinghua University，founded in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
建于1911 年的清华大学是无数杰出人物的摇篮。
3．不定式作定语表示未做的事情。
①the+序数词/last/only/next/best+（n+）to do sth.
☞T I am always the first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到办公室的。
②（the）+n. +to do sth；（the）+n. +to +vi. +prep. /adv.（不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系且不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，需用主动表被动；若不定式中动词是动词短语，其后prep. /adv.不能省略）☞T He is not a man to bow before difficulties. 他不是一个在困难面前低头的人。
☞The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important.将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。
1.（2017·江苏卷）Many Chinese brands, their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A. having developed
B. being developed
C. developed
D. developing
2.(2017·北京卷) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time with his students.
A.to spend
B. spend
C. spending
D. spent
3.（2016·江苏卷）To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study in Australia in 2012.
A.having conducted
B.to be conducted
C.conducting
D.conducted
4.There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A. solving
B. solved
C. being solved
D.to be solved
