高考英语 备考总动员易错点睛系列 专题01 名词与冠词(教师版)

2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列专题01 名词与冠词（教师版）考前必读名词在历年高考中一直是考察的重点项目之一，每年全国约有一半的高考试题涉及名词。

命题者主要从名词的词义入手，考察近义名词的辨析、形近名词的辨析以及名词的固定搭配等方便，同时，题干也从呼应、对比等方面提供足够的信息，考察学生根据语境理解和辨析名词的能力。

2012年高考英语试题对名词的考察也会涉及这些方面。

易错点睛易错点1 忽视抽象名词具体化的用法【易错题l】—How about ______ Christmas evening party?—I should say it was ______ success.A. a; aB. The; aC. a;不填 D. the; 不填【答案】B【错因透视】抽象名词具体化往往表示具有某种特性、情感、情绪的人或物，这时要在该名词前加不定冠词，如：in surprise惊奇地，a surprise一件惊奇的事情；with pleasure 愉快地，a pleasure一件愉快的事情；worry about担忧，a worry一件令人担忧的事情；must一定，a must一件必须做的事情；youth青春，a youth一个年轻人；beauty美丽，a beauty一个美人；wonder惊奇，a wonder一件令人惊奇的事情；danger危险，a danger 危险人／物；trade贸易，a trade一桩生意／买卖；have pity on sb．可怜某人，What apity!多么遗憾!易错点2没有结合语境和词义对名词进行正确辨析【易错题l】From their _______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can havea better view of the city.A. stageB. positionC. conditionD.situation【答案】B【错因透视】名词的辨析题是高考的重点，主要考查名词在特定语境下的应用，所以必须先弄清题中每个名词的意义及用法，然后根据语境选择符合句意的名词。

专题01 名词和冠词近几年高考单项填空中单独考查名词的题目相对较少，多与冠词一起进行考查，但完形填空中对名词的考查一直是重点，且考查范围较广。

其命题趋势仍将是：在不同语言环境中去识别词义，进行词义辨析，是高考考查的重点。

因此，考生不仅要弄清词义，而且也要把握好语言环境，在单项填空、完形填空中这类试题会继续出现。

建议考生在复习中注意名词的词义辨析。

冠词是历年高考英语试题中的常考点。

主要考查在理解冠词基本含义的基础上，在具体语境下的冠词的运用，主要包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。

热点题型一名词的数例1、Games, often seen as________activity for children, are still important in________development of teenagers.A. the; theB. an; theC. an; 不填D. the; 不填【答案】B【提分秘籍】名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。

1．可数名词的复数(1)可数名词变复数一般都是直接加­s；词尾若是s，x，ch，sh，在词尾加­esdesk→desks；dish→dishes stomach的复数形式是stomachs(2)以”辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，要变y为i再加­esstudy→studies(3)以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为­vesleaf→leaves(4)以字母o结尾的名词，多数加­spiano→pianos(5)单、复数同形sheep；deer(6)单、复数都要加s的名词works(工厂)；means(方法)有一些例外情况：(1)巧记以o结尾加­es的名词：黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃薯。

(即Negro，hero，tomato和potato四个词)(2)巧记以f或fe结尾的名词在变复数时直接加­s：海湾(gulf)里的首领(chief)只相信(belief)放在屋顶(roof)保险箱(safe)里的证据(proof)。

专题01 冠词、名词2022年高考真题1.（2022新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.答案：the解析：考查冠词。

句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。

本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。

故填the。

2．（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.答案：A解析：考查冠词。

句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。

根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。

故填A。

3.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.答案：the解析：考查非谓语动词。

句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。

特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。

故填the。

4.（2022年浙江1月真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.答案：the解析：考查冠词。

易错点01冠词易错陷阱1：不定冠词a与an的易混易错点。

【分析】有些单词虽以辅音字母开头，但辅音字母不发音，如hour。

有些单词虽以元音字母开头，但发音不是元音音素，如university，不能用an。

【经典示例】a one-eyed monster;an ugly man;an A-shaped house;an800-metre-long bridgeThere is an“f”in the word“face”.在“face”这个单词中，有一个字母“f”。

【规律总结】判断用a还是用an的依据：冠词后的第一个单词的音素是元音音素，用an;是辅音音素，用a;不是该词的第一个字母是辅音字母还是元音字母。

易错陷阱2：定冠词the与不定冠词的易混易错点。

【规律总结】1.“定冠词the+序数词”表示“第......”；“不定冠词the+序数词”表示“又一；再一......”。

Can you give me a second chance,please?你能再给我一次机会吗？（强调“再一次”，不强调顺序）2.如果不是指演奏乐器，也可用“不定冠词+乐器”。

He bought a piano for her daughter.他为女儿买了一架钢琴。

3.在有形容词修饰的独一无二的名词或专有名词前可用不定冠词。

We can enjoy a full moon tonight.我们今天可以欣赏一轮满月。

4.表示“同一；相同”，用不定冠词+名词相当于the same.They are of an age=They are of the same age.5.用在形容词比较级之前，表示“一个更......”，a与most连用表示“非常”。

易错陷阱3：零冠词与不定冠词的易混易错点。

【经典示例】Spring follows winter.冬去春来。

（三餐、季节、月份等名词前用零冠词。

）This happened on a Sunday toward the end of August.这件事发生在八月末的一个星期天。

考点01 冠词【命题解读】冠词是历年高考的必考点，常出现在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中。

但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。

在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及冠词的运用。

故不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点。

【命题预测】预计2020年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。

【复习建议】复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：1.单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2.复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3.无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。

考向一不定冠词1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。

a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。

In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing.在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。

这是一件平常之事。

An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。

2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。

The ＂Chinese Dream＂ is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony，peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。

专题01 名词、主谓一致和冠词易错点1 望词生义1. —Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes?— Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.A. featureB. planC. costD. trick【错因分析】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。

由后文的回答可以推断本题答案，＂我只是按照食谱上说明书（做蛋糕）＂，那么前面问的肯定是＂你做蛋糕有啥技巧呀？＂再根据初步判断去看选项，B、C可以排除，A和D可能拿捏不准，尤其是D,考生可能会想到play tricks,认为是＂把戏＂的意思，就错选成A了。

但是A仅仅有＂特征＂之意，D在此由＂把戏＂被转化为＂技巧＂，类似于tips。

【参考答案】 D同义词、近义词甚至是形近词有着不同的含义和适用场合，要特别注意在特定语境中准确运用词汇和语法知识的能力。

平时要努力扩大词汇量，做题时要深入理解语境，整体把握，结合句意作出最佳选择。

名词词义辨析是高考的热点，主要考查考生结合语境区分词义的能力，因而在记忆单词时，一定要结合语境体会其意义。

如近几年高考中常出现的：(1)expectation(期望)；reputation(声誉)；contribution(贡献)；civilization(文明)(2)accommodation(住宿)；occupation(职业)；adaptation(适应，改编)；appreciation(欣赏)1.Her_____ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.A. motivationB. qualificationC. talentD. technique【解析】A项表示＂动力，激励＂；B项为＂资格＂；C项是＂才能，天赋＂；D项表示＂技巧＂。

易错点01 冠词目录01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】不定冠词a与an的易混易错点【易错点提醒二】定冠词the与不定冠词的易混易错点【易错点提醒三】零冠词与不定冠词的易混易错点【易错点提醒四】零冠词与定冠词的易混易错点03 易错题通关易错陷阱1：不定冠词a与an的易混易错点。

【分析】有些单词虽以辅音字母开头，但辅音字母不发音，如hour。

有些单词虽以元音字母开头，但发音不是元音音素，如university，不能用an 。

【经典示例】a oneeyed monster; an ugly man;an Ashaped house; an 800metrelong bridgeThere is an“f”in the word“face”.在“face”这个单词中，有一个字母“f”。

【规律总结】判断用a还是用an的依据：冠词后的第一个单词的音素是元音音素，用an;是辅音音素，用a;不是该词的第一个字母是辅音字母还是元音字母。

易错陷阱2：定冠词the与不定冠词的易混易错点。

【规律总结】1.“定冠词the+序数词”表示“第......”；“不定冠词the+序数词”表示“又一；再一......”。

Can you give me a second chance, please?你能再给我一次机会吗？（强调“再一次”，不强调顺序）2.如果不是指演奏乐器，也可用“不定冠词+乐器”。

He bought a piano for her daughter.他为女儿买了一架钢琴。

3.在有形容词修饰的独一无二的名词或专有名词前可用不定冠词。

We can enjoy a full moon tonight.我们今天可以欣赏一轮满月。

4.表示“同一；相同”，用不定冠词+名词相当于the same.They are of an age=They are of the same age.5.用在形容词比较级之前，表示“一个更......”，a 与most连用表示“非常”。

2013年高考英语易错点点睛与高考突破专题01 冠词和名词【2013高考预测】1.名词词组以及普通名词在具体语境中的运用2.名词的可数和不可数3.名词作定语和在一些固定短语中的用法4.冠词常见的习惯搭配用法和部分物质名词、抽象名词具体化之后的冠词用法5.名词作直接定语与名词所有格作定语的区别6.名词作定语和其同根的形容词作定语的区别7.冠词在固定短语中的有无问题【难点突破】难点 1 名词作直接定语与名词所有格作定语的区别1.The __ is just arou nd the corner and you won’t miss it.A. bicycle’s shopB. bicycle shopC. bicycles shopD. bicycles’shop难点2 名词作定语和其同根的形容词作定语的区别2. When we are in France, China is an __ country.A. eastB. easterC. eastwardD. eastern难点3 冠词在固定短语中的有无问题3. I didn’t expect that Tom would __ my failure to a chieve his own goal.A. make use ofB. make the most ofC. take advantage ofD. take the advantage of【变式探究】1 This set of golf clubs was sent by ___ .A. a friend of my fatherB. my father’s friendC. my father friend’sD. a friend of my father’s答案: D解析:双重所有格，“我父亲的一个朋友”。

【易错点点睛】易错点1 名词词组以及普通名词在具体语境中的运用1. The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has all over the country.A. companiesB. branchesC. organizationsD. businesses【错误解答】 A或D【错解分析】本题考查名词的意义和用法。

专题01 名词和冠词近几年高考单项填空中单独考查名词的题目相对较少，多与冠词一起进行考查，但完形填空中对名词的考查一直是重点，且考查范围较广。

其命题趋势仍将是：在不同语言环境中去识别词义，进行词义辨析，是高考考查的重点。

因此，考生不仅要弄清词义，而且也要把握好语言环境，在单项填空、完形填空中这类试题会继续出现。

建议考生在复习中注意名词的词义辨析。

冠词是历年高考英语试题中的常考点。

主要考查在理解冠词基本含义的基础上，在具体语境下的冠词的运用，主要包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。

热点题型一名词的数例1、Games, often seen as________activity for children, are still important in________development of teenagers.A. the; theB. an; theC. an; 不填D. the; 不填【答案】B【提分秘籍】名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。

1．可数名词的复数(1)可数名词变复数一般都是直接加­s；词尾若是s，x，ch，sh，在词尾加­esdesk→desks；dish→dishes stomach的复数形式是stomachs(2)以”辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，要变y为i再加­esstudy→studies(3)以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为­vesleaf→leaves(4)以字母o结尾的名词，多数加­spiano→pianos(5)单、复数同形sheep；deer(6)单、复数都要加s的名词works(工厂)；means(方法)有一些例外情况：(1)巧记以o结尾加­es的名词：黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃薯。

(即Negro，hero，tomato和potato四个词)(2)巧记以f或fe结尾的名词在变复数时直接加­s：海湾(gulf)里的首领(chief)只相信(belief)放在屋顶(roof)保险箱(safe)里的证据(proof)。

专题01 冠词易错点解题方法英语中冠词有3个，即a，an; the. 前两个是不定冠词，后一个是定冠词，冠词虽小，但用法灵活多变，但万变不离其中，只要是单数可数名词第一次出现，其前就加a/an, 名词第一个音标是辅音就用a, 第一个音标是元音就用an; 同一个名词再次出现或要特指其前就用the。

如：He is a boy of eighteen and he has an English girlfriend. The girlfriend comes from Britain. She likes the boy’s family very much.实际上，语言是活的，日常应用中变化多端，现就用高考常出现的一些陷阱例句来展示其用法：1. “Do you know ______ English for ‘帅哥’?” “I’m afraid I don’t. I’m not interested in _______ English language.”A. the, theB. the, 不填C. 不填, theD. 不填, 不填【答案】A【解析】容易误选D，因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。

在英语中，表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。

如：(1) 当语言名词表特指意义，简单说当有修饰语加以修饰限定时，其前要用定冠词。

如：The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England. 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。

(2)当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。

What’s the English fo r this? 这个东西用英语怎么说?（3）当在语言名词后加上language一词时，也要用冠词。

如：There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英语发展过程中有很多变革。

第01讲名词目录01 考情透视.目标导航 (2)02 知识导图.思维引航 (3)03 考点突破.考法探究 (4)考点一名词的数 (4)知识点1 可数名词复数的规则变化 (5)知识点2 可数名词的不规化 (6)知识点3 复合名词的变化规则 (7)知识点4 不可数名词 (7)知识点5 名词与数量词的搭配 (8)知识点6 复数形式表示特殊含义的名词 (8)考点二名词的格 (9)知识点1 ‘s所有格 (9)知识点2 of所有格 (10)知识点3 双重名词所有格 (10)考点三常考名词后缀 (11)考点四常考易混名词辨析 (13)04 真题练习·命题洞现1.真题实战 (16)2.命题演练 (18)【高考导航】1.（2024年浙江1月高考语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).【答案】have started【解析】考查现在完成时。

句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。

根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。

动词start意为“开始”。

故填have started。

【思维建模】设空处考查的是谓语动词，实则和空格前面的名词复数有密切关联，解题时不可单纯考虑时态和语态，还应当瞻前顾后，观察作主语的名词单复数的情况。

2. (2023年新高考II卷)Since June 2017, right before the ______ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.【答案】arrival【解析】考查名词语法填空空格前是冠词，空格后是介词时，考虑用名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival。

专题01 名词冠词一真题感悟1.（2021高考全国甲卷)It allows the traveler to become educated about the areas--both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provide money for conservation and benefits the ____(develop) of the local areas.公众号拾穗者的杂货铺2.（2021高考全国乙卷）_____(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim ______(have) a low impact on the natural environment.3.（2020高考全国卷I）The far side of the moon is of particular______( interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so than the familiar near side.4. (2020高考全国卷II) Chinese New Year is a______(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.5. (2020 高考全国卷III) Filled with_____(curious), the artist packed his bags and left.6.（2019全国卷III）When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _______________(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.7.（2018高考全国卷I）A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause).8.(2018·高考浙江卷) Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.9.(2018·高考全国III卷) I’m a (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.10.(2017·高考北京卷)This switch has decreased (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.11.（2017全国卷）It is generally accepted that ______ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ____ man.12.（2017全国卷II）As he reached ______front door, Jack saw ______ strange sight.13.（2017山东卷）Take your time--it’s just______ short distance from here to _______ restaurant.14.（2017浙江卷）Experts think that _______ recently discovered painting may be ______ Picsso.15.（2017四川卷）Spence, hea dmaster of the school, told us , “fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”二实战模拟1.From this experience, I've learned when facing______( challenge), we should fight hard instead of being discouraged or even giving up.2.Then James heard a huge_______(explode)outside his apartment.3.President Xi Jinping on Tuesday signed_______ order to award four persons the national medaland honorary title.4.Any smell might attract natural_______( enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.5.I am_______short video creator, with more than 2 million followers.6.Chen Wei made major(achieve)in the COVID-19-related basic research.7.The reality is that, for_______majority of us, cell phones, tablets, or TVs are the last things we look at before we sleep.8.If there is a lot of_______(press )on you to create something magnificent, it can actually thwart(阻挠) your creative abilities.9.Small changes can make a big______( different ) to your health.10.I am glad to share more________( detail) about my passion for moon exploration with you.11.The plum trees are______ first to flower even as the snow is melting.12.Don’t be late for the 9:00 meeting because I am on_______ tight schedule and have to catch the 11:00 train.13.Then, with______ rise of science, changes began.14.On public holidays, generally ______ Sunday timetable operates.15.Corrado, a translator for the Army during WWII, was killed in _______ action in Europe.16.They were not in the least worried about the ______ (possible) that sweets could rot the teeth.17.The girl kept working hard and gained ________ (admit) to the world-famous university.18.Anyhow they didn’t trust me, so they didn’t deserve a(an) ______________ (explain).19.I explained that each person has different ideas of what ___________(free) is.20.The village where he was born has changed beyond(介词/超出) __________(recognize).21.There has been no __________ (respond) to his remarks from the government.22.Variations of this programme can be arranged to suit your (require).23.Different persons have different _________( believe).24.My parents are in a huge ________ (argue), and I am really upset about it.25. We have our furniture moved to the new house when the ________ (decorate) of the house is finished.26.Not only food and clothing but also medical ____________(treat) has been provided for the people who need it in the flooded areas.27.I regard ________ (creative) both as a gift and as a skill.28.He lost the ________ (elect) by one vote.29.Nowadays, concerts held in sports stadium are common, and it seems that every few __________(year) there is a new boy band trying to bring back the magic of the Beatles.30.Visitors were struck by the natural scenery here, which was beautiful beyond______(describe).三语法填空组合练A B CA体裁：记叙文主题：人与社会---影视文学The Princess Diaries is a movie about a teenager named Mia Thermopolis. __1__(short) before her sixteenth birthday, she is shocked by the life-changing news that she is the princess of a fictional kingdom __2__ (call) Genovia. Million. Starring Anne Hathaway, it is definitely a movie you should not miss!Mia,a socially awkward American girl, __3__ (become) princess of Genovia when her long-absent father, the Crown Prince dies. She's taught how to behave perfectly. However, things get out of hand when the media gets hold of the story, __4__(put) Mia in the spotlight.On top of this, she must make a __5__(choose) between continuing the normal life __6__ a San Francisco teen and stepping up to the throne(王位).The movie explores the theme of responsibility in __7__ intelligent and humorous way. The most memorable scene is towards the end of the movie when, during Mia's darkest moment of self-doubt, she __8__ (touch) by a letter her father left her. “Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgment that something else is more important __9__ fear.”It's one of the most unforgettable __10__(line) from the movie.The Princess Diaries is an interesting movie.It's about being and bettering yourself, and about knowing friends are. Watch it now!1.________2.________3. ________4.________5.________6.________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________公众号拾穗者的杂货铺B体裁:新闻报道主题语境:人与社会--“天问一号”China's Tianwen I Mars probe carried out a key in-flight maneuver(熟练的动作)about 30 million kilometers away from Earth___1___Friday. Its main engine, ___2___ has 3,000 newtons of thrust power(推进力)，was activated and operated about eight minutes , moving the spacecraft toward a Martian orbit.Rao Wei, a project manager for Tianwen I said the elaborately designed maneuver___3___(intend)to adjust the flight route to enable the spacecraft to fly ___4___(accurate) toward the preset point where the vehicle is expected ___5___(capture) by Mars’ gravity at the beginning of 2021. “The biggest challenge in the operation was ___6___the 3,000- newton-thrust engine would need to work for a relatively long period of time under very high ___7___ (press) and temperature," Rao said, ___8___(add) that the long-distance control and tracking was also a major challenge.If everything goes according to schedule, the 5-metric-ton Tianwen l ___9___(travel) more than 470 million km before its capture by the Martian gravitational field in February. The mission's ultimate goal is to soft-land a rover around May 2021 on the southern part of Mars’ Utopia Planitia--a large plain within Utopia, the largest ___10___(recognize) impact basin(撞击盆地) in the solar system to make scientific surveys.1.________2.________3. _________4._________5._________6.________ 7_________ 8_________ 9__________ 10._________C体裁：记叙文主题：人与社会---大学录取公众号拾穗者的杂货铺If you (1) ________ (admit) to a university in China, regardless of whatever you choose as your major, there’s one compulsory course that you can’t avoid: English.The fact is (2) ________ you can probably miss (3) ________ (attend) English class when other courses are taught, but you’d better tak e English (4) ________ (serious). (5) ________ (fail) in the National College English Test, you may not be able to secure your Bachelor’s degree, even if you have your own major (6) ________ (do) well.Each student learns a foreign language, and mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education. Such policy (7) ________ (be) in place since the nation’s reform and opening up in the early 1980s.China’s total number of English language students and (8) ________ (graduate) over the years can be equal (9) ________ the entire population of Australia, thanks to ten national-level collegiate foreign language teaching institutes, (10) of ________ the most important ones are Shanghai International Studies University and Beijing Foreign Studies University.1.________2.________3. _________4._________5._________6.________ 7_________ 8_________ 9__________ 10._________四完形填空组合练 A B CASince our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 1 is obvious. If we 2 it is a door, they'll want to go outside 3 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 4 . But our insisting it's 5 a window has kept them from 6 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day they'll 7 and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 8 .I wonder if 9 should always tell the truth no matter the 10 . I have a very strong11 that the lie we're telling is doing 12 damage to our children. Windows and doorshave 13 metaphorical (比喻) meanings. I'm telling them they can't open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 14 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity (机会) of some sort, and 15 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 16 it and wonder, “What if it isn't a door？” That is, “What if it isn't a 17 opportunity？”Maybe it's an unreasonable fear. But the 18 is that I shouldn't lie to my kids. I should just 19 repeatedly having to say, “No. We can't go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won't 20 to open them and walk through.1．A.relief B．target C．reason D．case2．A.admit B．believe C．mean D．realize3．A.gradually B．constantly C．temporarily D．casually4．A.result B．danger C．method D．truth5．A.merely B．slightly C．hardly D．partly6．A.reviewing B．approving C．receiving D．attempting7．A.win out B．give up C．wake up D．stand out8．A.dream B．lie C．fantasy D．fact9．A.parents B．twins C．colleagues D．teachers10．A.restrictions B．explanations C．differences D．consequences 11．A.demand B．fear C．desire D．doubt12．A. physical B．biological C．spiritual D．behavioral13．A. traditional B．important C．double D．original14．A. life B．time C．reply D．history15．A. by comparison with B．in addition to C．regardless of D．instead of16. A.get hold of B．stare at C．knock on D．make use of17．A.real B．typical C．similar D．limited18．A .safety rule B．comfort zone C．bottom line D．top secret19．A. delay B．regret C．enjoy D．accept20．A.hurry B．decide C．hesitate D．IntendBThere are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the 1 the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that's precisely why one 2 Frenchman has caught our attention.Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 3 on discarded (丢弃) food. Thethree-month, 1,900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet's 4 of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.As you can 5 ，the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants 6 tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of 7 garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places 8 him food that would otherwise be discarded. For legal 9 ，most restaurants have a policy against 10 food waste. “Some people have even 11 their jobs by giving me food，” Dubanchet said.What's 12 interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause. Berlin has been the 13 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to 14 at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 15 is all the more serious when you consider the 16 exercise required to bike from France to Poland.“I have to get food 17 because after all the biking I am tired and I need the 18 ，” Dubanchet explained. “Is my 19 full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.”He aims to 20 his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he'll turn a few more heads in the process.1．A.cleverer B．older C．stranger D．simpler2．A.garbage-eating B．sports-loving C．food-wasting D．law-breaking 3．A.secretly B．finally C．entirely D．probably4．A.purpose B．way C．opinion D．dream5．A.observe B．imagine C．suggest D．remember6．A.store B．cook C．shop for D．throw away7．A.locked B．damaged C．connected D．abandoned8．A.bought B．offered C．ordered D．sold9．A.reasons B．rights C．fees D．aids10．A.begging for B．giving away C．hiding D．causing11．A.did B．kept C．accepted D．risked12．A.hardly B．usually C．particularly D．merely13．A.easiest B．nearest C．biggest D．richest14．A.work B．shout C．ask D．jump15．petition B．conversation C．conflict D．challenge16．A.adequate B．rewarding C．demanding D．suitable17．A.again B．alone C．later D．fast18．A.spirit B．energy C．time D．effort19．A.stomach B．hand C．pocket D．basket20．A.arrange B．restart C．report D．finishCI was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some 1 station.The 2 moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the 3 of that little wallet? The credit cards, the driver's license, the cash, all lost to the bus.公众号拾穗者的杂货铺Two hours later, back at my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband 4 it while I was on the phone in the dining room. “Does Jennifer live here？” I heard a lady say. In my husband's hand was my wallet, with not a penny 5 . She left before I could 6 make it to the door to offer my thanks.After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who 7 the lady as Erin Smith. Without 8 ，I called to thank her. She said she 9 my wallet on a bus seat. She 10 that going to a stranger's house was a 11 move, bu t she decided to take the chance. “If I were in that 12 ，I would want someone to try to find me，” she said.This one stranger responded beautifully to my small 13 ，but she actually wasn't the only one. Right after Erin 14 my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum (论坛), trying to see 15 anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. I've never 16 words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever, but that's not how the people I 17 tend to act.18 ，I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone 19 what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely 20 .1．A.accessible B．hidden C. unknown D. convenient2．A.face saving B．brain washing C. eye catching D．heart stopping3．A.parts B．contents C．details D．ingredients4．A.ignored B．answered C．examined D．interrupted5．A.missing B．returned C．remaining D．abandoned6．A.still B．ever C．yet D．even7．A.selected B．appointed C．identified D．defined8．A.delay B．alarm C．regret D．invitation9．A.moved B．placed C．opened D．spotted10．A.disagreed B．complained C．calculated D．recommended11．A.selfless B．risky C．slow D．personal12．A. site B．direction C．situation D．atmosphere 13．A. crisis B．danger C．threat D．failure14．A.got rid of B．made use of C．had control of D．took possession of 15．A.if B．where C．how D．when16．A.recalled B．exchanged C．repeated D．whispered 17．A.encounter B．follow C．consult D．accompany 18．A.Going away B．Turning around C．Looking back D．Coming along 19．A.into B．against C．over D．beyond 20．A.longing B．enthusiastic C．concerned D．grateful。

2021高考英语备考易错点睛系列创作人：历恰面日期：2020年1月1日专题01 名词与冠词〔老师版〕考前必读名词在历年高考中一直是考察的重点工程之一，每年全国约有一半的高考试题涉及名词。

命题者主要从名词的词义入手，考察近义名词的辨析、形近名词的辨析以及名词的固定搭配等方便，同时，题干也从照应、比照等方面提供足够的信息，考察学生根据语境理解和辨析名词的才能。

2021年高考英语试题对名词的考察也会涉及这些方面。

易错点睛易错点1 无视抽象名词详细化的用法【易错题l】—How about ______ Christmas evening party?—I should say it was ______ success.A. a; aB. The; aC. a;不填D. the; 不填【答案】B【错因透视】抽象名词详细化往往表示具有某种特性、情感、情绪的人或者物，这时要在该名词前加不定冠词，如：in surprise惊奇地，a surprise一件惊奇的事情；with pleasure 愉快地，a pleasure一件愉快的事情；worry about担忧，a worry一件令人担忧的事情；must一定，a must一件必须做的事情；youth青春，a youth一个年轻人；beauty美丽，a beauty一个美人；wonder惊奇，a wonder一件令人惊奇的事情；danger危险，a danger 危险人／物；trade贸易，a trade一桩生意／买卖；have pity on sb．可怜某人，What apity!多么遗憾!易错点2没有结合语境和词义对名词进展正确辨析【易错题l】From their _______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A. stageB. positionC. conditionD. situation【答案】B【错因透视】名词的辨析题是高考的重点，主要考察名词在特定语境下的应用，所以必须先弄清题中每个名词的意义及用法，然后根据语境选择符合句意的名词。

高考英语备考总动员易错点睛系列专题01 名词与冠词（学生版）考前必读名词在历年高考中一直是考察的重点项目之一，每年全国约有一半的高考试题涉及名词。

命题者主要从名词的词义入手，考察近义名词的辨析、形近名词的辨析以及名词的固定搭配等方便，同时，题干也从呼应、对比等方面提供足够的信息，考察学生根据语境理解和辨析名词的能力。

2020;2020年高考英语试题对名词的考察也会涉及这些方面。

易错点睛易错点1 忽视抽象名词具体化的用法【易错题l】—How about ______ Christmas evening party?—I should say it was ______ success.A. a; aB. The; aC.a;不填 D. the; 不填易错点3 混淆特指的定冠词和泛指的不定冠词【易错题1】This area experienced heaviest rainf all in month of May.A 不填; aB a ; theC the ; theD the ; a【易错题2】In order to find _______ better job , he decided to study _________ second foreign language .A. the ; aB. a ; aC. the ; theD. a ; the【易错题3】We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the易错点3混淆用冠词和不用冠词的不同【易错题1】Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church.A. /; theB. the; /C. a; /D. /; a跟踪练习：1、（2020;2020年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）—I really admire thepeople full of _______. I’m always tired.—You’d better take more exercise.A．power B．strengthC．force D．energy2、（2020;2020年长春市高中毕业班第一次调研测试英语）Have you heard thetraffic ______ that happened in Yatai Street last week?A．accident B．affair C．incident D．event5、（浙江省2020;2020年高三调研测试卷英语）Two of my friends are havingtheir weddings on the same day, and I’m in a real ______ about which one to go to.A．situation B．choice C．trick D．dilemma6、（山东省潍坊市三县市2020;2020届高三上学期联合考试英语）If you don’twork hard, it will be of no ______ for others to help you.A．sympathy B．significanceC．relation D．sign9、（2020;2020年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）______ M (m) oneyplays an important role in ______ material world. But you can’t expect it to give you real happiness.A．A; the B．/; a C．/; the D．The; the12、—How did you do in your essay?—I got ____ o kay grade, but Mr. Jones gave Sarah top marks. She's ____ teacher's pet, you know.A．不填; a B． an; 不填C．不填; the D． an; a13、（北京市重点高中2020;2020届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）It is said that______ wool produced in Australia is of ______ high quality.A．/; / B．the; /C．the; a D．the; the。