上海市高行中学高三冲刺30天回归基础作业9

2021年上海市高行中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOvernight French ToastWhat You’ll Need•16-ounce loaf of French bread•5 eggs•1 1 /2 cups milk•1/2 cup half-and-half•1/3 cup maple syrup（枫糖浆）•1/2 teaspoon salt•foil（锡箔纸）•2 tablespoons melted butter（for topping）•2 tablespoons maple syrup（for topping）What to Do•With an adult’s help, cut the bread into 1-inch slices.•Place the eggs, milk, half-and-half, maple syrup, and salt into a large bowl. Stir（揽拌）the mixture until blended（混合均匀）.•Place the sliced bread into a baking dish. Pour the mixtureover the bread and press the slices into it. Cover the dish with foil and refrigerate overnight.•Remove the dish from the refrigerator at least one hour before baking. Ask an adult for help to preheat the oven to 375°F. Bake the French toast for 35 minutes or until golden brown.•For the topping, combine the melted butter and 2 tablespoons of maple syrup. Pour it over the French toast before serving.1.How much salt will you need to make a French toast?A.1/3 cup.B.1/2 teaspoon.C.2 tablespoons.D.16 ounces.2.How will you use foil?A.Place the sliced breadB.Cover the dish.C.Remove the dish.D.Eat the French toast.3.Who is the passage written for?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Cooks.D.Kids.BOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. The icebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.4. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.5. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.6. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.CThe beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning, but is running on the sand good for your body? It can be, but it’s important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ready.Running on the beach can be a good thing. It’s certainly different from running on a track or a pavement. For starters, sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven (不平坦的) surface. As you push off, you’re going to lose some of your push as the sand moves. So, you’re not going to be able to push yourself forward as you would on a track or a pavement. But this unevenness has anupside: It gives your body an extra workout, forcing you to exercise muscles that don’t get as much use during runs on firm surfaces. For example, your feet, ankles and lower back might feel sorer and more tired than usual after a beach run just because the surface is constantly moving and changing step to step.You also might feel sore afterward because beaches tend to slope (倾斜) down to the water. If you’re going for a long run on the beach, you might notice that one side of your body might feel sorer because you’re putting more pressure on it due to the slope.Some beach runners prefer to run barefoot — not wearing anything on feet. However, if you’re not used to barefoot running, start slowly and don’t run long distances at first. That’s because running barefoot uses more different muscles than running with shoes does, and it’s important to strengthen these muscles and adapt yourfeet. If you want to run barefoot and as long as you run carefully enough into it, go for it!Running on the sand can be a smart choice for you, because running on softer ground surfaces can reduce muscle damage.8. Why is it difficult to run on the beach for starters?A. The soft surface makes people fall over easily.B. People need to run carefully on its smooth surface.C. Running on its uneven surface takes much effort.D. It’s hard to keep one’s balance on its hard surface.9. Which of the following best explains “upside” underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Advantage.B. Reason.C. Character.D. Challenge.10. What’s the author’s attitude to barefoot running?A. Critical.B. Supportive.C. Doubtful.D. Uncaring.11. The passage can probably be found in ______.A. A primary school textbookB. A tourist guideC. A sports magazineD. A scientific reportDMany cars in advertisements and on exhibition in the United States are red, blue or green, but almost 75 percent of new cars sold in the United States are black, white, silver orgray.Les Jackson is a reporter who writes about cars. He says the color1 s of cars Americans choose do not show dirt. He says that means the owners wash their cars less in order to save money. And he notes some areas that are suffering from water shortages do not permit people to wash their cars often.Dan Benton works for a company called Axalta, which makes supplies for international car makers. He says white cars are often sold more expensive than cars of other color1 s. And he notes that white cars “absorb(吸收)less energy” than cars of other color1 s. This means temperatures inside them are lower in warmer areas. Benton also says research at Monash University in Australia suggests that there is a lower risk of crashes during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.Car buyers in other countries also like white. Jane Harrington works for PPG Industries, a company that makes paint for cars. She said in China, buyers say white makes a small car look bigger.About 11 percent of cars sold in North America are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become lesspopular. Benton notes that in the mid-1990s green was the most popular color1 in North America. Today, green is hard to find.Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color1 of their cars —— technology may let owners change their cars’ paint color1 anytime.12. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Most Americans don’t like red cars.B. People in America are not allowed to wash their cars.C. Many people prefer to choose white cars in America.D. Americans may consider the cost of cleaning when choosing cars.13. Why do many people choose white cars?A. They are much cheaper than cars of other color1 s..B. They are much safer while crashing.C. They are bigger than cars of other color1 s.D. They are more comfortable inside in warmer areas.14. What do we know from the text?A. Les Jackson is a member of Axalta.B. Most Americans rarely wash their cars.C. PPG Industries mainly produces cars in China.D. Green cars were once popular in North America.15. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Choices of car color1 sB. How to buy a good car.C. Differences of car color1 s.D. Popular car color1 s in history.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市高行中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome colleges have started offering their own gap year programs to support students who want to take a year off in a meaningful way. Below, we’ll look at four of these programs.American University Gap ProgramWhen to apply: By July 15 or November 15Is there funding available? No.In American University Gap Program, students spend three days per week with a government or business organization in the city. Students go on field trips, listen to guest speakers, take part in hands-on lessons and work on service projects as a group. Students who complete the program can earn seven credits.Duke University Gap Year ProgramWhen to apply: By early May of each yearIs there funding available? Yes, $5,000 to $15,000.Though Duke University has no course of study or experience for its gap year program, it encourages students to have an independent plan for their year off, particularly one that promotes personal growth. Independent experiences may include community service, personalized experiential learning opportunities and others.Florida State University Gap YearWhen to apply: By February 24Is there funding available? Yes, up to $5,000.Florida State University offers gap year funding to students wishing to work or volunteer before starting college. In order to get the momey, students must explain their plans for their gap year. The experience must last over one year.St Norbert College Bridge Year ExperienceWhen to apply: not specifiedIs there funding available? Not specified.Students taking part in the Bridge Year Experience can travel to locations such as New Mexico, Wisconsin and Guatemala during the fall term, where they learn about the local cultures, take courses and get serviceopportunities.1.What does Duke University advise students to do during their gap year?A.Focus on their personal growth.B.Be independent of their parents.C.Apply before the end of November.D.Contact some off-campus organization.2.How can students get gap year funding from Florida State University?A.By having extra credits.B.By organizing several projects.C.By showing their gap plans.D.By doing volunteer work.3.If you are interested in travelling, you can choose ________.A.Florida State University Gap YearB.American University Gap ProgramC.Duke University Gap Year ProgramD.St. Norbert College Bridge Year ExperienceBIf our kids don’t fall, they don’t learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. I’m the oldest of four children, and no doubt she’d had a long day with the other kids and it’d slipped her mind. After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom’s face that she’d forgotten me.Later that night, my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me, but when the morning came, she refused. It was midterm, and as a straight-A student ready to start college applications, being late wasn’t an option (选择). In my mind, missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom. I told her she was ruining my future and everything I’d worked for. But sheheld her ground, and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests.My mom didn’t rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now, as a mom myself, I’ve realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves. It’s how we self-educate to learn what’s right and respectable, and what’s not. It’s how we become responsible and enthusiastic. Falling down makes us better because we learn how to get up.4. What is one of the reasons that the author got angry that day?A. She was tired.B. She failed in a test.C. She was late for school.D. She had to walk home by herself.5. How does the author feel about her childhood experience?A. Terrible.B. Meaningful.C. Embarrassing.D. Colorful.6. The underlined phrase “held her ground” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.A. gave in to meB. said yes to meC. stayed in the placeD. kept to her idea7. What is the best title for the text?A. My Way of GrowingB. The Value of FailureC. My Love for MotherD. Failure in My LifeCBritish anthropologists (人类学家) Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham, after studying the results of one-on-one boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling matches at the Olympic Games, conclude that when two competitors are equally matched in fitness and skill, the athlete wearing red is more likely to win.Hill and Barton report that when one competitor is much better than the other, colour has no effect on the result. However, when there is only a small difference between them, the effect of colour is enoughtipthe balance. The anthropologists say that the number of times red wins is not simply by chance, but that these results are statistically significant.Joanna Setchell, a primate (灵长目动物) researcher at the University of Cambridge, has found similar results in nature. She studies the large African monkeys known as mandrills. Mandrills have bright red noses that stand out against their white faces. Setchell’s work shows that the powerful males — the ones who are more successful with females — have a brighter red nose than other males.As well as the studies on primates by Setchell, another study shows the effect of red among birds. In an experiment, scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches and this increased the birds’ success with female zebra finches, Zebra finches already have bright red beaks (鸟喙), so this study suggests that, as with Olympic athletes, an extra flash of red is significant. In fact, researchers from theUniversityofGlasgowsay that the birds’ brightly coloured beaks are an indicator of health. Jonathan Blount, a biologist, andhis colleagues think they have found proof that bright red or orange beaks attract females because they mean that the males are healthier. Nothing in nature is simple, however, because in species such as the blue footed booby, a completely different colour seems to give the male birds the same advantage with females.Meanwhile, what about those athletes who win in their events while wearing red? Do their clothes give theman unintentional advantage? Robert Barton accepts that “that is the implication” of their findings. Is it time for sports authorities to consider new regulations on sports clothing?8. According to their research. Hill and Barton conclude that ________.A. the colour of clothing has an effect on most sport eventsB. red should be the choice of colour for clothing in sportsC. red plays a role when competitors are equally capableD. athletes perform better when surrounded by bright red9. The underlined word “tip” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.A. achieveB. advanceC. keepD. change10. The example of the blue footed booby proves that ________.A. male birds use different body parts to draw attentionB. red is not the only colour to attract female birdsC. blue gives female birds the same advantageD. blue can indicate how healthy a bird is11. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The colour red gives male animals the most advantage.B. Male zebra finches prefer to have red plastic rings on their legs.C. Rules on sports clothing are going to be changed.D. Athletes wearing red may have an advantage over their opponents.DOnline education has grown fast over the past ten years. The explosion of technology has made teaching outside the traditional classroom possible for teachers and has provided learners with easy access to course materials. Its attractiveness, benefits, and challenges are addressed.In April, 2005, I was approached by a student who was interested in our doctoral program. However, the first question out of her mouth was, “Do you offer any online courses?” Later that day, as I was reading the conference program guide trying for interesting presentations, I noticed many workshops on web-based learning and online education. I later attended two of those workshops and met several professors from different universities who had either taught online courses for quite some time or who were discovering the best practice for teaching online. These experiences helped me realize at least to some extent the degree of growth in online education.My responsibilities for the term included gaining more understanding of online education. Consequently, Imade several attempts to enrich my knowledge of distance learning and online teaching. I consulted with my colleagues who were teaching online courses. This helped me recognize the importance of getting materials prepared even before the start of a term. I also learned that online courses may consume more time than regular classroom teaching. And I attended several workshops regarding online education and established a network with those who were involved in online programs at other universities. I will consider these people as my consultants as I begin to design my own online course. Also, I conducted a brief survey with 15 students and two faculty members who had taken or taught an online course before to understand their experience. Eventually I completed a literature review which gave me the foundation and the background of understanding the need for online education.12. What benefits the development of online education?A. Teachers’ good teaching ability.B. Lack of traditional classrooms.C. Learners’ access to free courses.D. The rapid advance of technology.13. Why did the author take a student for example?A. To show students’ love for the doctoral program.B. To persuade learners of traditional education.C. To explain the growing trend of online education.D. To predict the future of the teaching career.14. What caused the author to know more about online education?A. The appetite for knowledge.B. The professional responsibilities.C. The requirement of research.D. The colleagues’ encouragement.15. What is the author’s attitude to online education?A. Carefree.B. Doubtful.C. Supportive.D. Unwilling.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届上海市高行中学高三语文月考试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。

普通劳动者王愿坚将军和刘处长刚走过牌楼，一片喧闹的人声混合着机器声、喇叭声就迎面扑来，整个坝后工地展现在面前了。

这是一个巨大的劳动场面：一条高大整齐的“山岭”把两个山头连在一起，一条巨蟒似的卷扬机趴在大坝上，沙土、石块像长了腿，自动的流到坝顶上。

坝上坝下到处是人，汽车、推土机在匆忙中奔跑。

将军一面走一面四下里看着，他被这劳动场景激动了。

这个地方，他并不陌生。

这里是作为军事重地留在他的记忆里的。

九年前，他曾经为了攻取这一带山岭，又要保全这里的古陵（就是十三陵）而焦虑过：他不止一次地在作战地图上审视过它，在望远镜里观察过这里的每一个山头，至今，对面那几个山头的标高他还依稀记得。

但是，现在变了，作为战场的一切特点都变了，当年敌军构就的防御工事早已被山洪冲平，那依山筑成的小长城也只成了一条白的痕迹，连那座小山头也被削下了半截填到大坝上了。

几年来，他每次看到过去战斗、驻扎过的地方在建设，总是抑制不住地涌起一种胜利和幸福的激情；而现在，他又作为一个普通的劳动者来到这里，这种感觉就更加强烈；所有的疲劳、酷热全都忘记了。

他俩悄地把行李放好，走向前去。

工具没有了，只找到了两个空筐，他俩便每人抓起一只，用手提起土来。

将军刚提了几筐，就听见有人喊他：“喂，老同志，怎么还是个‘单干’户呀？”将军被这个友好的玩笑逗笑了，抬头一看，原来说话的是个年轻的战士。

青年战士说：“来，咱俩组织个互动组好不好？”“好。

”将军高兴地回答。

他们一口气干了三个多小时。

直到这时，他觉得实在有些累了。

本来，像这样的劳动，对他来说也不是什么新课，28年前，他已经是水口山矿上的一个有着三年工龄的矿工了，砸石头、挑矿砂，他什么活没干过？更不要说参加红军以后那些艰苦的战斗生活了。

但这毕竟是多年以前的事了，这会一连抬了三个钟头的砂土，他才意识到，自己的体力是不比以前了，腰上的伤口隐隐作痛。

2019-2020学年上海市高行中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AInformation on school visits to Kew GardensEnjoy yourselves in a wonderland of science with over 50,000 living plants and a variety of educational events or amusing activities. Here is essential information about planning a school visit to Kew.Educational course pricesYou can plan a self-led visit or book one of our educational courses. Students will take part in the educational courses in groups of 15. Prices vary according to different situations.EYFS (Early Years Foundation Stage) to Key Stage 4:45-minute course: 35/group 90-minute course: 70/groupKey Stage 5:Half day (one course): 80/group Full day (two courses): 160/groupTeachers and adults:Up to required key stage proportions (比例): FreeAdults needed for 1:1 special educational needs support: FreeAdults above the required proportions: 11/personThe payment will due within 28 calendar days of making the booking.Health and safetyRequired supervising (监护) adult-student proportions:Key Stage 1: 1:5 Key Stage 2: 1:8Key stage 3: 1:10 Key Stage 4: 1:12Key Stage 5: 1:12The group sizes should be controlled if you are visiting potentially busy areas such as the glasshouse and other attractions. The maximum number of students visiting the glasshouses is 15 per group and each group to Kew shops should include no more than 10 students.If there is an emergency, please contact the nearest Kew staff member or call Constabulary on 0208 32 3333 for direct and quick support. Please do not call 999.Planning your visitYour tickets and two planning passes will be sent to you upon receipt of your payment. You can complete your risk assessment with the passes, ensure you bring your tickets and the receipt document and show them to the staff members at the gate on the day of your visit.Recommended timingsThe Kew Gardens opens at 10 am. You are recommended to spend at least three to five hours on your visit. The closing time varies throughout the year. But the earliest is 3:30 pm. We have a fixed schedule for educational courses, which is from 10:30 am to 2:20 pm.1.How much should a group of 15 Key Stage I students and 4 teachers pay for a 45-minute course?A.35B.46C.57D.812.What should one do in an emergency?A.Check the risk assessment.B.Call 999 immediately.C.Ask adults or teachers for help.D.Seek help from the staff member nearby.3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To introduce Kew Gardens.B.To give tips on visiting Kew Gardens.C.To attract potential visitors to Kew Gardens.D.To inform coming activities in Kew Gardens.BIt was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had been living there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but hehad to stay in the car. He agreed.I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!”“Go away!” he shouted.“Sir,” I repeated.“Go away!” he shouted.“Why?” I asked him.He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.“Merry Christmas!” I said.“Why are you doing this?” he asked.“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left.4. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____.A. pleasedB. worriedC. disappointedD. surprised5. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car?A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave.B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad.C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt.D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad.6. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____.A. quite angryB. very excitedC. quite puzzledD. very curious7. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____.A. it is easier said than doneB. poverty is the mother of healthC. where there is a will, there is a wayD. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is askedCAdvertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics(批评家)seem to hate them because they have so much money to throw around. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods is largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the incidents and disasters.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn't forget is the “small ads.” What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” column(栏目) but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!8. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Advertisements steal money from our pocketsB. The critics get the wrong idea of advertisements.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D. Advertisements are everywhere.9. What is the attitude of the author toward advertisements?A. He appreciates the role of advertisements.B. He doubts the effect of advertisements.C. He believes what is said in advertisements.D. He complains too many advertisements in daily life.10. Which of the following is Not True?A. The personal or “agony” column makes us know more about human nature.B. The only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.C. A newspaper will cost us more if there is no advertisement on it.D. Advertisement makes our life color1 ful.11. Whicof the following shows the structure of the passage?( ①=" Paragraph" 1, ②=" paragraph" 2, ③=" paragraph" 3, ④=" paragraph" 4 ⑤=" paragraph" 5)A B.C. D.DYou've probably heard it suggested that you need to move more throughout the day, and as a general rule of thumb, that "more" is often defined as around 10,000 steps. With many Americans tracking their stepsvia new fitness-tracking wearables, or even just by carrying their phone, more and more people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living. Dr. Dreg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at that 10,000-step rule, and he found that usingitas a standard may be doing more harm than good for many.“It turns out that in 1960 in Japan they figured out that the average Japanese man, when he walked 10,000 steps a day burned something like 3,000 calories and that is what they thought the average person should consume so they picked 10,000 steps as a number” Hager said.According to Hager, asking everyone to shoot for 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly or those with medical conditions, making it unwise for them to jump into that level of exercise, even if it's walking. The bottom line is that 10,000 steps may be too many for some and too few for others. He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10,000-step goal because they have to take more steps than people with longer legs to cover the distance. It seems that 10,000 steps may be suitable for the latter.A more recent study focused on older women and how many steps can help maintain good health and promote longevity (长寿).The study included nearly 17,000 women with an average age of 72. Researchers found that women who took 4,400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years: Interestingly, women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra boost in longevity.12. What does the underlined word "it' in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. The phone recording.B. The 10,000-step rule.C. The healthy living.D. The fitness-tracking method.13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. How many steps a Japanese walks.B. How we calculate the number of steps.C. If burning 3,000 calories daily is scientific.D. Where 10,000 steps a day came from.14. Who will probably benefit from 10,000 steps each day according toHager?A. Senior citizens.B. Young short-legged people.C. Healthy long-legged peopleD. Weak individuals.15. How many steps may the researchers suggest senior citizens take each day?A. 4,400 steps.B. 10,000 steps.C. 2,700 steps.D. 7,500 steps.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届上海市高行中学高三生物模拟试题及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1.如图中，①表示有酶催化的反应曲线，②表示没有酶催化的反应曲线，则E表示（）A.酶催化反应释放的能量B.酶催化反应需要的能量C.酶增加活化能D.酶降低的活化能2.关于免疫细胞的叙述，错误的是A. 淋巴细胞包括B细胞、T细胞和吞噬细胞B. 血液和淋巴液中都含有T细胞和B细胞C. 吞噬细胞和B细胞都属于免疫细胞D. 浆细胞通过胞吐作用分泌抗体3.垂体主要由前叶和后叶两部分组成，其中垂体后叶没有激素合成能力，它所释放的激素由下丘脑产生。

如图表示人体下丘脑参与调节的部分示意图，图中①②③表示结构，a～f表示激素分子。

下列叙述正确的是A.图中①②中属于垂体后叶的是①B.血糖浓度高时，f的分泌会减少C.③在血糖调节过程中可作为效应器的组成部分D.若给动物饲喂含有大量c的食物，下丘脑合成并分泌a的量将增加4.下图是细胞间信息交流两种方式，下列叙述错误的是（）A.图1中的A细胞分泌的化学物质可通过血液运输，最终作用于B细胞B.精子与卵细胞之间的识别和结合，通过图2的方式实现C.若图2中甲是发出信号细胞，则乙是靶细胞D.植物细胞间通过图1进行信息交流，动物细胞间通过图2进行信息交流5.下列实验操作中，会达到预期实验目的的是（）A.用健那绿和吡罗红混合染色剂染色，可观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布B.将酶与底物在室温下混合，再做不同保温处理，可探究温度对酶活性的影响C.用新配制的NaOH与CuSO4混合液，水浴加热可检测待测样液中是否含有还原性糖D.用盐酸与酒精的混合液解离洋葱根尖，即可观察到有丝分裂不同时期的细胞6.物质X能顺浓度梯度进入活细胞，若去除该细胞膜中某种蛋白质Y，则物质X不能顺浓度梯度进入该活细胞。

据此判断物质X进入细胞的方式为（）A. 自由扩散B. 协助扩散C. 主动运输D. 胞吞7.神经电位的测量装置如下图所示，其中箭头表示施加适宜刺激，阴影表示兴奋区域。

2022-2023学年上海市高行中学高三物理测试题含解析一、选择题：本题共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意1. （单选）如图所示，木块A和B接触面水平，在水平力F作用下，木块A、B保持静止，则木块B受力的个数可能是（）A．3个B．4个C．5个D．6个参考答案：BC2. 某单色光在真空中的波长为，波速为，它在折射率为的介质中速度为A. B. C.D.参考答案：A3. 汽车以20m/s的速度在平直公路上行驶，急刹车时的加速度大小为5m/s2，则自驾驶员急踩刹车开始，2s与5s时汽车的位移之比为（）A.5∶4B.4∶5C.3∶4D.4∶3参考答案：C4. （单选题）设地球的半径为R0，质量为m的卫星在距地面2R0高处做匀速圆周运动，地面的重力加速度为g，则（）A．卫星的线速度为 B．卫星的角速度为C．卫星的加速度为 D．卫星的周期为参考答案：D5. 如图所示，一物体m在沿斜面向上的恒力F作用下，由静止从底端沿光滑的斜面向上做匀加速直线运动，经时间t力F做功为60J，此后撤出力F，物体又经过时间t回到出发点，若以地面为零势能面，则下列说法正确的是A．物体回到出发点的动能为60JB．恒力F=2mgsinθC．撤出力F时，物体的重力势能是45JD．动能与势能相等的时刻一定出现在撤去力F之后参考答案：ACD二、填空题：本题共8小题，每小题2分，共计16分6. 如图所示，做平抛运动的质点经过O、A、B三点，以O为坐标原点，A、B两点坐标如图所示，平抛的初速度是____________m/s。

经过A点时的速度是____________m/s。

则抛出点的坐标是_______________参考答案：5 ；；(-5 ，- 5 ) 。

7. “研究回路中感应电动势E与磁通量变化快慢的关系”实验，如图1所示：（1）某同学改变磁铁释放时的高度，作出E-△t图象寻求规律，得到如图2所示的图线。

由此他得出结论：磁通量变化的时间△t越短，感应电动势E越大，即E 与△t成反比。

2013学年第一学期高行中学高三物理10月考试卷（考试时间120分钟，满分150分）第 Ⅰ 卷（共56分）本卷分单项选择题和多项选择题，共20小题，单项选择题每小题给出的四个答案中只有一个是正确的，选对得2分或3分；多项选择题每小题给出的四个答案中，有二个或二个以上是正确的.选对的得4分；选对但不全，得部分分；有选错或不答的，得0分. （一）单项选择题 每小题2分，共16分.1．最早提出物体运动不需要力来维持的人物是（ ）A ．亚里士多德B ．伽利略C ．牛顿D ．笛卡尔2．物理学中的“质点”，是一种理想化模型，研究下列物体运动时可视为质点的是（ ） A ．计算轮船在海洋中的航行速度 B ．研究车轮边缘的速度C ．研究运动员跳高的过杆动作D ．研究乒乓球的接发球技术3．人站在地面上，先将两腿弯曲，再用力蹬地，就能跳离地面，人能跳起离开地面的原因是（ ）A ．人对地球的作用力大于地球对人的作用力B ．地面对人的作用力大于人对地面的作用力C ．地面对人的作用力大于地球对人的吸引力D ．人除受地面的弹力外，还受到一个向上的力4．如图所示，为一质点作直线运动时的a ~t 图像，图中斜线部分的面积S 表示（ ）A ．速度B ．速度的变化量C ．力D ．质量5．下列是关于运动和力的关系的认识，其中正确的是（ ） A ．加速度的大小只由合外力大小决定 B ．加速度的方向一定是合外力的方向 C ．速度的改变量由加速度大小决定 D ．当物体受力改变时速度立刻发生改变6．如右图所示，一根木棒AB 在O 点被悬挂起来，AO ＝OC ，在A 、C 两点分别挂有两个和三个砝码，木棒处于平衡状态。

如在木棒的A 、C 点分别增加两个和三个同样的砝码，则木棒（ ）A ．仍能保持平衡状态B ．绕O 点逆时针方向转动C ．绕O 点顺时针方向转动D ．平衡可能被破坏，转动方向不定7．以初速度v 0竖直向上抛出一个小球，小球所受的空气阻力与速度大小成正比。

2021年上海市高行中学高三语文期末试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。

家国情怀作为个人对家庭和国家共同体的认同与热爱，是爱国主义精神产生的伦理基础和情感状态，在中华文明数千年演进历程中有着深厚的滋生土壤和历史渊源。

古老的中国迈入商周时代，已经形成比较稳固的氏族血缘宗法制度。

这种以血亲关系为纽带确立嫡长子继承权和主事权的父系家长制，利用父系家族关系的亲疏来决定土地、财产和政治地位的分配与继承，把血缘纽带同政治权益结合起来，不仅构成了中国社会组织形态的基本特征，也是组成社会政治结构的重要支架。

这与古希腊、古罗马同时期形成的社会结构颇为不同。

古希腊、古罗马在掌握铁器等生产工具后，原始性的集体协作生产逐步被家庭个体生产所代替，通过清算氏族制、瓦解原始公社、发展家庭私有制的途径步入文明社会发展旅程。

中国在使用铁器等生产工具后，则在相当程度上保存乃至增强原始公社的组织形式，以血缘关系为纽带，发挥集体协作的力量，通过发展以小农经济为基础的农业社会踏上文明社会发展道路。

由于中国进入文明社会时不是剪断而是保留了氏族制的“脐带”，氏族血缘宗法制的产生实乃自然而又必然之事，因为它既孕育于社会历史母体的胎盘之中，又适应了维护社会秩序和发展的需要。

殷周以至春秋，所谓邦、国“八百诸侯”等，实际是由血缘宗法遗风为基础的氏族—部落—部族国家构成。

因此，父子、兄弟、夫妇等不只具有个体家庭成员的“私人”关系，而且要遵守一种“公共”的政治秩序和社会规范。

以父子关系为心脏和骨骼的父系家长氏族首领，首先要具备优良的才干和德行，在立德、立功、立言上有所建树。

他在本家族、本部落及部族中得到认可，赢得地位和权威后，才能进一步联络和团结其他氏族、部落、部族，逐步拓展邦国的疆域以“一统天下”。

这种“由家而国”的真实社会进程和历史事实，既造成人们对家庭、家族、宗族及其人伦关系的高度重视，也促使人们形成爱家、爱乡、爱国情感交织的民族心理，从源头上为中国社会发展植入了伦理与政治交叉重叠的紧密关系。

2021年上海市高行中学高三语文上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的小说（有删改），完成后边题目。

独腿人生罗伟章①应朋友之约，去他家议事。

这是我第一次上他家去。

朋友住在城南一幢别墅里。

别墅是为有私车的人准备的，因此与世俗的闹市区总保持一段距离。

我没有私车，只得乘公交车去。

下车之后，要到朋友的别墅，若步行，紧走慢走，至少也要40分钟。

眼看离约定的时间就快到了，我顺手招了一辆人力三轮车。

②朋友体谅我的窘迫，事先在电话中告知：若坐三轮，只需3元。

为保险起见，我上车前还是问了价。

“5元。

”车夫说。

我当然不会坐，可四周就只有这辆三轮车。

车夫见我犹豫，开导我说：“总比坐出租合算吧，出租车起价就是6元呢。

”这个账我当然会算，可5元再加1元，就是3元的两倍，这个帐我同样会算。

我举目张望，希望再有一辆三轮车来。

车夫说：“上来吧，就收你3元。

”这样，我高高兴兴地坐了上去。

③车夫一面蹬车，一面以柔和的语气对我说：“我要5元其实没有多收你的。

”我说：“人家已经告诉我，只要3元呢。

”他说，那是因为你下公交车下错了地方，如果在前一个站，就只收3元。

随后，他立即补充道：“当然我还是收你3元，已经说好的价，就不会变。

我是说，你以后来这里，就在前一站下车。

”他说得这般诚恳，话语里透着关切，使我情不自禁地看了看他，他穿着这座城市经营人力三轮车的人统一的黄马甲，剪得齐齐整整的头发已经花白了，至少有55岁的年纪。

④车行一小段路程，我总觉得有点不大对劲，上好的公路，车身却微微颠簸，不像坐其他人的三轮车那么平稳，而且，车轮不是滑行向前，而是向前一冲，片刻的停顿之后，再向前一冲。

我正觉得奇怪，突然发现蹬车的人只有一条腿！⑤我猛然间觉得很不是滋味，眼光直直地瞪着他的断腿，瞪着悬在空中前后摇摆的那截黄黄的裤管。

我觉得我很不人道，甚至卑鄙。

我的喉咙有些发干，心胸里被一种奇怪的惆怅甚至悲凉的情绪纠缠着，笼罩着。

2020年上海市高行中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADuring ancient times, children didn’t have smartphones, iPad or computers to entertain themselves. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play.★Stone ballsDuring the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to protect kids from the cold. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet. In 1999, the sport was included in the 6th National Ethnic Group Traditional Sports Meeting held in Beijing.★Flying kitesKites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the four most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite , Weifang kite and Nantong kite, of which each has distinctive features. The kite which resembles a swallow is a well-known Beijing style.★Hide-and-seekHide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease(戏弄) him or, more commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.★Playing diabolosA diabolo is always made of wood or bamboo and has empty space in the center. By juggling(边抛边接) the diabolo on the rope, the high-speed spinning diabolos will make a sound like a whistle. Playing diabolos is an interesting folk game, especially popular in North China. Playing diabolos was also included in the first group of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).1.Why did ancient children often play stone balls in the winter?A.To practice their feet.B.To warm themselves.C.To train their skills.D.To relax themselves.2.Which kites are swallow-shaped?A.Weifang kites.B.Tianjin kites.C.Beijing kites.D.Nantong kites.3.Why does playing diabolos make a sound?A.Because the diabolo’s center is empty.B.Because the high-speed spinning diabolo is light.C.Because the diabolo is equipped with a whistle.D.Because ropes’ surface moves against the diabolo’s.BTaking an afternoon nap could keep your brain sharp, a new study has said. Adults ages 60 and older who took afternoon naps showed signs of better mental ability compared to those who didn’t nap, according to a study published in General Psychiatry earlier this week.Researchers analyzed napping habits in 2, 214 older Chinese people and measured their cognitive abilities using several cognitive tests. Participants took the Mini-Mental State Examination and theBeijingversion of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, both of which test for memory, language and other cognitive abilities. In every category listed in the study, nappers tested statistically higher on average compared to their non-napping counterparts.Researchers did not gather data from people under 60, so a correlation cannot be drawn between napping and younger generations. The study also noted that there are conflicting studies about the benefits and risks of napping.Sleeping behaviors can be affected by a multitude of factors, said Dr. David Neubauer, associate professor atJohnsHopkinsUniversity. “Daily routines, medication use and sleep disorders can all play a role in how frequently someone takes a nap.” he said.Neubauer recommended taking a shorter “power nap” of up to 20 minutes to decrease the chances of transitioning into slow-wave sleep, which makes people feel groggy when they wake up. “Napping can be a healthy part of an older adult’s day”, Neubauer acknowledged, but make sure “sleepiness isn’t due to a treatable nighttime sleep disorder.” Older individuals who want to do all they can to preserve their cognitive functioning should put nighttime sleep first.4. What is the best way to keep a better cognitive ability for the old?A. Take a nap every day.B. Take sleep disorder seriously.C. Have a good sleep at night.D. Do exercise regularly.5. How did the researchers reach the conclusion?A. By taking the examinations and assessment.B. By analyzing napping habits and giving tests.C. By measuring nappers’ ability and analyzing them.D. By doing an experiment.6. Which has NO effect on one’s sleeping behaviors?A. Taking a nap.B. Medicine treatmentC. Sleep problemsD. Everyday activities.7. What can we know about “slow-wave sleep”?A. It appears in short nap up to 20 minutes.B. People should avoid it in their naps.C. It is a healthy part of an elder’s day.D. It was recommended by Neubauer.CA Bridge Linking Art and the AudienceAccording to a 2018 report, people aged between 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population but only 10 percent of museum-goers. Similarly, people aged over35 go half as much as you would expect from their population size. We have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap. Two answers to tackling this challenge lie in telling a greater diversity of art histories and communicating these stories in more accessible ways.In 2018, a radio program called Art Matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-culture viewpoint with topics that would engage younger and more diverse audience. It offers an accessible pathway to art history with conversations on different topics. Art history is about storytelling; art content shines when there is an effort to bring audience along for the discussion.More traditional institutions are paying attention. Recently theGettyMuseumissued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home. Users displayed incredible creativity, and the museum was flooded with submissions. This reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience toengage with art topics if the format is appealing. Since many people feelintimidatedand think that there’s a base level of understanding required to join the conversation, the Getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.Another result of the Getty challenge was the exposure given to a diversity of artworks. The famous opera singer Peter Brathwaite, for example, made scores of attractive recreations highlighting centuries of black paintings. His efforts opposed the idea that there were not many historical paintings of black figures. It is extremely important that we do a better job of showing the complex and diverse stories that are represented in art.Social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table. Anyone can recognise a gap in the field and address it. Accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers. They are the proof that there is hunger to hear these art histories, and these themes work brilliantly for museum programming.But there is only so much that can be done without the museums and galleries changing meaningfully from within. We need to see a better balance of these stories represented in permanent collections. We also need a much wider diversity of people and interests represented on board. Ensuring that art-and writing and talking about art-is able to continue on the rising generation of storytellers, inside and outside of institutions, getting the funding and support they need to paint a brighter picture for the part.8. What challenge is the author trying to tackle?A. People doubt a great diversity of artworks.B. Fewer and fewer young people go to museums.C. Art appears too distant from common audience.D. Adult audience has a different understanding of art.9. What does the underlined word “intimidated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Tired.B. Worried.C. Annoyed.D. Surprised.10. In the author’s opinion, the museums and galleries should ________.A. make the art history stories accessible in a traditional way.B. change meaningfully for activities like the Getty challenge.C. limit the number of storytellers both in and out of institutions.D. improve the permanent collections by adding famous artworks.11. We can conclude from the passage that common audience ________.A. lacks the channels to understand and talk about art history.B. prefers to view artworks and hear art stories on social media.C. feels satisfied with people and interests represented on board.D. refuses to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories.DWhile the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students inAuckland,New Zealand. They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher.Before you start imagining a human-like robot walking around the classroom, Will is just an avatar that appears on the student’s desktop, or smartphone screen, when ordered to come.The autonomous animation platform has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to show human-like behavior. The digital teacher is assigned to teach Vector’s “Be sustainable with energy”— a free program forAucklandelementary schools.Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students’ responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal cues. For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two-way interaction not only helps attract the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their engagement, and make changes if needed.Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Will-like avatars could be a novel way to catch the attention of the next generation. He says, “I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver cost-effective, rich, educational experience in the future.”The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success thus far. Ravishankar says, “ What was fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention.” However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.12. What was special for some elementary school students inAuckland?A. A digital teacher taught them.B. They first saw something digital.C. This was the start of a new school year.D. They could get close to smartphone screen.13. What is the benefit of this two-way interaction?A. It can smile back.B. It can use microphone.C. It can talk any topic for free.D. It can change if necessary.14. What’s Ravishankar’s attitude to Will’s replacing Human educators soon?A. Optimistic.B. Doubtful.C. Unclear.D. Disapproving.15. What might be the best title for the passage?A. New High-tech Contributes to EducationB. The World’s First Digital Teacher Appears in Classroom.C. The World’s First Digital Teacher, a Help to StudentsD.New ZealandWill Replace Teachers in Classrooms第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。