鼻咽癌放疗后致迟发性放射性脑病20例临床分析
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消癌片联合参芪十一味颗粒治疗鼻咽癌放疗后的临床研究叶上珠【摘要】目的:探讨鼻咽癌放疗后消癌片联合参芪十一味颗粒治疗的临床效果。
方法选取2011年3月~2013年2月来我院进行鼻咽癌放疗的60例患者作为研究的对象,进行分组研究比照。
第一组33例采取消癌片联合参芪十一味颗粒和放射治疗的方法;第二组27例则采取常规的放射治疗的方法。
同步化疗后观察记录两组研究对象的身体机能状态、免疫功能和毒副反应。
结果在有效治疗上,两组对比差异无统计学意义(P >0.05);在毒性反应上,第一组毒性反应则明显低于第二组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。
结论消癌片联合参芪十一味颗粒能提高鼻咽癌的临床效果并减轻放射治疗的不良症状,帮助患者康复。
%Objective To explore the clinical effect of Xiao-ai tablets combined with Shenqi Shiyiwei particles on the treatment of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy. Methods 60 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in our hospital were selected as the study subjects from March 2011 to February 2013.60 patients were grouped to compare.33 cases of the first group were treated with Xiao-ai tablets combined with Shenqi Shiyiwei particles.27 cases of the second group were treated with conventional radiotherapy.After the synchronous chemotherapy,the bodyfunction,immune function and toxicity of the two groups were observed and recorded. Results In the effective treatment,There was no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05).The toxicity of the first group was significantly lower than that of the second groups,and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Xiao-ai tablets combinedwith Shenqi Shiyiwei particles can improve the clinical effect of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and reduce the adverse effects of radiation therapy, to help patients with rehabilitation.【期刊名称】《中国医药科学》【年(卷),期】2016(006)022【总页数】3页(P169-171)【关键词】消癌片;参芪十一味颗粒;鼻咽癌;临床研究【作者】叶上珠【作者单位】广东省阳江市中医医院,广东阳江 529500【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R735.1鼻咽癌是危害人体健康的重要疾病之一[1],同时也是医学上的一大难题。
鼻咽癌患者放疗后恶心呕吐预防的研究进展发布时间:2022-07-06T00:45:23.224Z 来源:《中国医学人文》2022年10期作者:聂媛[导读] 鼻咽癌为起源鼻咽黏膜的恶性肿瘤,是临床多见的恶性肿瘤之一。
聂媛中南大学湘雅二医院,湖南长沙 410000摘要鼻咽癌为起源鼻咽黏膜的恶性肿瘤,是临床多见的恶性肿瘤之一。
放疗作为鼻咽癌患者治疗的重要手段之一,放疗能够将患者体内的肿瘤细胞杀死,进而使患者的生存率提高。
但放疗在治疗的同时也会对患者自身产生诸多不良反应,例如食欲不振、呕吐、恶心等消化道毒副反应和其他系统的不良反应。
患者消化道的毒副反应主要表现为恶心呕吐,且放疗引发的鼻咽癌患者恶心呕吐症状一般较为严重,对患者的食欲产生了严重影响,患者进食不足又会导致营养障碍和体内水电解质紊乱等。
病情严重者还可能会导致食管贲门部黏膜受损。
放疗后所发生的恶心呕吐不但对患者的营养状况产生影响,使患者生活质量下降,还会使患者对治疗产生恐惧心理,降低治疗依从性,对患者身心健康参产生了严重危害,对患者生存率也是一个较大的考验。
那么寻求降低或者改善患者恶心呕吐症状已成为临床探究的重点之一。
对于鼻咽癌放疗患者应依据患者恶心呕吐程度来确定用药方案,同时兼顾心理和饮食护理,以起到改善患者预后的目的。
关键词鼻咽癌;放疗治疗;恶心呕吐;预防Research progress on the prevention of nausea and vomiting after radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomaAbstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor originating from the nasopharyngeal mucosa and is one of the most common clinical malignant tumors. Radiotherapy is one of the important means of treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Radiotherapy can kill tumor cells in patients, thereby improving the survival rate of patients. However, radiotherapy will also produce many adverse reactions on the patients themselves, such as loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea and other gastrointestinal side effects and other adverse reactions of the system. The toxic and side effects of the patient's digestive tract are mainly nausea and vomiting, and the symptoms of nausea and vomiting in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer caused by radiotherapy are generally more serious, which has a serious impact on the patient's appetite. Wait. In severe cases, the mucosa of the esophagus and cardia may also be damaged. Nausea and vomiting after radiotherapy not only affect the nutritional status of patients, reduce the quality of life of patients, but also make patients feel fearful of treatment, reduce treatment compliance, and cause serious harm to the physical and mental health of patients. Rate is also a big test. So seeking to reduce or improve the symptoms of nausea and vomiting in patients has become one of the focuses of clinical research. For patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy, the drug regimen should be determined according to the degree of nausea and vomiting, and psychological and dietary care should be taken into account to improve the prognosis of patients.Key words nasopharyngeal carcinoma; radiotherapy; nausea and vomiting; prevention鼻咽癌为起源鼻咽粘膜的恶性肿瘤,是临床多见的恶性肿瘤之一。
临床神经外科杂志2021年第18卷第1期103 DOP10-3969/j.ion.1672-3770-2021.01.023•临床研究-鼻咽癌术后放疗致放射性脑病1例报告并文献复习徐志,孙鹏,丁也,葛鹏飞,马小波,李国亮!摘要】目的探讨放射性脑病(REP)的临床、影像学特点、诊断与鉴别诊断和治疗方法,以及发病机制。
方法回顾性分析1例放射性脑病患者的临床资料,包括临床症状、影像学表现、治疗经过及预后;并对相关文献进行复习$结果患者既往有鼻咽癌及放射治疗史;临床表现为癫痫失神发作;MRI示右侧颖叶类圆形病变,周围大片水肿;经手术切除病变及术后糖皮质激素、脱水、改善循环、营养神经药物治疗,病情明显改善;术后病理检查证实为放射性脑病$结论放射性脑病的临床和影像学表现无特异性,常易与脑胶质瘤等相混淆,确诊须依靠病史及病理检查;药物治疗效果不明显或高颅压症状明显时,应行手术切除病变。
!关键词】放射性脑病;鉴别诊断;影像学特征;治疗方案【中图分类号】R651;R762【文献标志码】B【文章编号】1672-3770(2021)01-7103-04Radiation encephalopathy after postoperative radiotierapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(a case reeort andlite+tu+review)XU Zhi,SUN Peng,DUG Ye,e e al.Depagmenh O Neurosurgery,The Firsp Be t h u ne Hospital o/Jilin University,Changchun130000,ChinaCo g epionding au hog!GEPengjaeiAbstract:Objective To review the pathogenesis,clinOW chaocteWstics,diagnosis,dOferentiO diagnosis andtreatment of radiaVon encephWopathy%REP).Methods The clinOW daW of1case of REP were anWyzed ohospectively,including c/R c/symptoms,imaging maniOstations,treatment process and prognosis,and the related Ueotuo wasreviewed.Reults The patient had a histog of nasophaongeal cancer and odiotheopy.The c/OcW maniOstations wereepileptic absence seizure.MRI showed a round lesion iu the right tempool lobe with large edexix surrounding it.AtersuigcW excision of Ue lesion and postoperaVve glucocoWicoiO,dehydotion,iopovement of circulation and nuthUonW neoodrug heatment,the condiUon was sipnOicantly iopoved.PostopeoVve patholo/cW examinaVon conOioed odioactivo encephlopathy.Conclusions The c/OcW and om/ny manOestaVons of REP are nonspecOo and o/en confuad wiO glioxia.The diagnosis depends on Ue histog and paUolo/cW examinaVon.When Ue eWect of drug hutment is not obvious or Uesymptoms of high inhacraniO pressae we obvious,Ue lesion should be removed by sui/e/\Key wo+s:radiation encephWopathy;ddferential diagnosis;imaging features;treatment放射性脑病(radiation encephWopathy,REP)又称放射性脑损伤(radiation—iduced brain injury,RICI),是头颈部恶性肿瘤放射治疗最常见的并发症之一,其发病率约为2%-8%⑴。
鼻咽癌放化疗有哪些后遗症由于鼻咽部粘膜受照射后充血肿胀,出现与口腔粘膜相似的鼻腔粘膜反应,患者常有鼻粘膜干燥、鼻塞、鼻腔分泌物增多、粘稠,严重者可影响休息与睡眠。
鼻咽癌放疗后患者在长期存活的过程中的确会产生后遗症。
整理了关于鼻咽癌放化疗后遗症,希望对大家有帮助!鼻咽癌放化疗后遗症1.口干、张口困难。
2.渗出性中耳炎。
3.鼻出血和鼻咽膜粘连。
4.面颈部皮下水肿及放射性丹毒。
5.齿龈炎、牙齿脱落。
6.视力减退、失明。
7.脑水肿、脑坏死。
8.放射性皮肤损伤和软组织纤维化。
9.放射性脑神经损伤。
后遗症的产生情况要看患者的总体体质,如果在放疗时有很好的耐受力来接受整个治疗,也未必一定会产生后遗症,所以在放疗期间增强自身体质与免疫力就显得尤为重要,可以选择一些药物如中医药增强免疫力,提高生活质量。
同时也可以陪同患者适当的进行文娱及体育活动,调节生活,以增加体力,减轻放射治疗中的不良反应。
鼻咽癌放射治疗(1)鼻咽癌放射治疗的适应证和禁忌证根治性放疗的适应证全身状况中等以上者;颅底无明显骨质破坏者;CT或MRI 示鼻咽旁无或仅有轻、中度浸润者;颈淋巴结最大直径小于8cm,活动,尚未达锁骨上窝者;无远处器官转移者。
姑息性放疗的适应证肿瘤KSP分级60分以上;头痛剧烈,鼻咽有中量以上出血者;有单个性远处转移者或颈淋巴结转移大于10cm。
经姑息放射后如一般情况有改善,症状消失,远处转移灶能控制者,可改为根治性放射治疗。
放射治疗禁忌证肿瘤KSP分级60分以下;广泛远处转移者;合并急性感染病者;放射性脑脊髓损伤者。
再放疗原则放射治疗后复发再放疗原则,具有下述情况者不宜再放射治疗:同一靶区包括鼻咽及颈部靶区放疗后复发时间未满一;放射治疗后出现放射性脑病或放射性脊髓病;鼻咽部靶区总疗程不宜超过三个疗程,颈部靶区不宜超过两个疗程。
(2)放射线的选择因鼻咽癌原发灶位置深在,周围有重叠的骨质包围,故应选择穿透力强,皮肤量低,吸收少的高能放射源如[60] 钴或直线加速器的高能X线。
MR波谱对脑胶质瘤术后放疗后复发的鉴别诊断价值刘岚;徐仁根;王索宇;周雪春;孙美;周锋江【摘要】目的探讨MR波谱(MRS)对脑胶质瘤术后放疗后复发的鉴别诊断价值.方法应用GE Singa EXCITE 1.5T HD高分辨磁共振检查仪,对50例脑胶质瘤术后放疗后常规MR检查出现新强化灶的患者行1H-MRS,经再次手术、临床及MR随访综合诊断肿瘤复发23例,放射性脑坏死27例.结果肿瘤复发组(23例)病变强化灶中Cho/NAA、Cho/Cr比值高于放射性脑坏死组(27例),两者比较有统计学差异(P<0.01),而Cho、NAA、Cr含量及NAA/Cr比值两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论脑胶质瘤术后复发灶的Cho/NAA、Cho/Cr指标明显高于放射性脑坏死,对其鉴别诊断具有重要价值.【期刊名称】《实用癌症杂志》【年(卷),期】2013(028)005【总页数】3页(P489-491)【关键词】脑胶质瘤;术后;放射治疗;MR波谱;复发;脑坏死【作者】刘岚;徐仁根;王索宇;周雪春;孙美;周锋江【作者单位】330029,江西省肿瘤医院;330029,江西省肿瘤医院;330029,江西省肿瘤医院;330029,江西省肿瘤医院;330029,江西省肿瘤医院;330029,江西省肿瘤医院【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R739.41脑胶质瘤是1种最常见的脑肿瘤,约占原发性颅内肿瘤的50%,磁共振(MRI)检查是评估脑胶质瘤术后放疗后疗效的主要手段。
脑胶质瘤术后放疗后在临床随访中可能出现3种情况:一是术后放疗后正常改变,二是术后肿瘤复发,三是放疗后正常组织出现放射性脑坏死。
上述第一种情况常规MRI平扫及增强扫描就可以诊断,术区可出现囊腔或脑胶质增生,没有强化病灶;而后2种情况在MRI增强扫描中表现极其相似,均可表现为逐渐增大的不规则强化团块、病灶周围合并水肿及占位效应,难以有效鉴别,诊断偏差导致的治疗错误将会给患者带来严重后果。