2014上海杨浦区高考二模英语翻译具体解析第5句

My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, ___25___ I might have a better chance to find a good job. ___26___ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believe that ___27___ ____ ___ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already ___28___(exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that ___29___ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps ___30___ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind.I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty ___31___ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned ___32___ I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is ___33___ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine ___34___ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, ___35___ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by ___36___. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term “automatic shop” is far ____37_____ (appropriate) In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains ___38___ (force) village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, ___39___ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution ___40___ these villages without a local shop.1.我习惯睡前听轻音乐(accustomed)2.将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。

82. Be sure not to get involved in that matter, otherwise you will invite trouble.83. The cold weather makes it difficult for most endangered animals (species) to survive here.Be sure not to get yourself involved in that matter, or you will look for trouble.84. As far as I know, predicting specific quakes ahead of time has been a goal difficult to achieve.85. Not until their graduation from high school do a majority of (most of) students come to realizethat they haven’t made the best use of time at school.86. The purpose of motivating children to read lies not in the number of books but in thecultivation of their love for reading.1.Being 18 means taking responsibility for your words and actions.Being 18 means that you should be responsible for what you have said and done.2. She appeared to be in good mood, (and acted/looked) as if nothing had happened.She seems to be in a good mood as if nothing has happened.3. Not only can sports/(taking)exercising build up my body (health)/ strengthen/improve my fitness but also help me to release my study pressure/ help me relax from the pressure/stress of study..4. We should cultivate/develop/ form the habit of reading newspapers, because it helps us (to be)informed of various/ all kinds of events happening both at home and abroad in time.5. If we regard English learning as a means/way of understanding/ knowing / being aware of a culture but not a course / subject to be tested on/an examination subject/course, (then) we may experience/ understand the learning fun in it.1. Believe it or not, it is advisable to listen to others and take their advice.2. Whether one can persevere in what he is doing is one of the important factors of his success.3. Fashionable as booking a taxi online is, many related problems remain to be settled/ solved.4. Those who are found eating, smoking or lying across the seats on the subway in Beijing can befined between 50 to 500 yuan.5. Some teenagers are so keen on online games that they sometimes prefer not to have meals, and what’s more, they usually have a bad relationship with their parents.1. Look, how tall the tree (that was) planted ten years ago is now!2. You look very tired, and/ so why don’t you/ not go home and have a good sleep?3. It is generally thought/ considered/ believed that talking loudly in public (places) is rude and should be avoided.4. Many developed countries have been taking measures/ steps/ action to attract as many Chinese tourists as possible to promote economic growth since the 21st century.5. Only by setting clear goals/ aims in life and sparing no effort/ making every effort to work on it/ and working on it with all efforts can you realize your dream of being a useful person/ make your dream of being a useful person come true.1.The end of the 20th century saw great changes in electronic / digital products.2.Only when we put our plan into practice are we likely to be successful.Only when we put our plan into practice can we possibly achieve success.3.He is trying to make a decision whether to admit / confess his mistake or conceal the truth4.It has aroused heated a discussion among education experts whether the new reform ofcollege entrance examination can reduce students’ academic burden.It has aroused a heated discussion among education experts whether the new reform of college entrance examination can relieve students of their academic burden.5.In addition to enriching students’ school life, the school charity sale has also improved theirability to organize an activity and developed their team spirit1. Their suggestion sounds as feasible as ours.2. Hardly had Mary got to the airport when she found/noticed that she had left the passport at home.3. It was their comment on our performance that showed we had already been on the right track.4. I never thought that the pianist who had once been highly praised/spoken highly of turned out to be a great disappointment to the audience.5. It is very difficult for you to gain satisfactory achievements unless you find out the method of improving the learning efficiency by yourself / on your own.I. Translation（共22分）1. Do you think it (is) necessary to take measures to preserve Shanghai dialect?(1+2+1)2. Making a careful plan in advance can help you finish the tough task more efficiently.(1+1+2)3. On behalf of the victims, he expected the society to give them more understanding and help.(1+2+1)4. In the depth of her heart always lies a suspicion that she might have been adopted by her parents eighteen years ago.(1+1+2+1)5. Although time flies, the days when he worked hard with his classmates to be admitted into their ideal universities are still his unforgettable memory.（1+2+1+1）。

绝密★启用前2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-11页）和第Ⅱ卷（第12页），全卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I 卷（共103分）Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency. C. In a bank. D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane. C. Get some stationery. D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes. C. Protect herself from being hurt. D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course. C. Help him revise his report. D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn’t plan to continue studying next year. B. She has already told the man about her plan. C. She isn’t planning to leave her university. D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech. C. It made the mayor’s view clearer. D. It earned the mayor’s speech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. 70.B. 20.C. 25.D. 75. 12. A. The houses there can’t be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday. C. The cabins and facilities are shared. D. It is run by the residents themselves. 13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community. C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news. 14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease. C. Those who did no physical exercise. D. Those who were unmarried. 15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages. C. They typed 10 percent faster on average. D. They edited more passages. 16. A. Why chemical therapy works. B. Why marriage helps fight cancer. C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.-------------在--------------------此--------------------卷--------------------上--------------------答--------------------题--------------------无--------------------效----------姓名________________ 准考证号_____________Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25) ______ I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believe that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______ I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine（自动售货机）is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33) ______ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34) ______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms, and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35) ______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark areturn to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said: “I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36) ______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term ‘automatic shop’ is far (37) ______ (appropriate).”In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38) ______ force village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39) ______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40) ______ these villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Let’s say you’ve decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don’t have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food 41 at the supermarket. Since you really 42 yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn’t it? This is where a “choice architect” can help 43 some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket—including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don’t have to 44 healthier lifestyles through laws—for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect—one that encourages us to choose what is best—we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedomof choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with 45 hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called “traffic light system” to 46 foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains 47 by looking at the lights on the package. A green light 48 that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be 49 ; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in 50 . The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we’ve just watched or books we’ve just finished reading, but plain and simple 51 .Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 52 do with it? We gossip. About others’ behaviour and private lives, such as who’s doing what with whom, who’s in and who’s out—and why; how to deal with difficult 53 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural 54 , of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It’s not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 55 issues.Dunbar 56 he traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don’t spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar— 57 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 58 of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 59 from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 60 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 61 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 62 the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 63 to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 64 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 65 contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does MotherNature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie in other ways? Canthey lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call itlying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees,behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helpsthem survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don’t make nests. Instead, they get into other birds’ nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you can’t trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by ______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky” (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner’s hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let’s say you want to hit the gymmore regularly this year. How doyou make that happen? Considerputting the habit loop to use.Here’s how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First,there’s a cue, something that tells yourbrain to operate automatically. Thenthere’s a routine. And finally, a reward,which helps your brain learn to desirethe behavior. It’s what you can use tocreate—or break—habits of your own.Here’s how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving yourrunning shoes by the door, then pick. areward—say, a piece of chocolatewhen you get home from the gym. Thatway, the cue and the reward becomeinterconnected. Finally, when you seethe shoes, your brain will start longingfor the reward, which will make iteasier to work out day after day. Thebest part? In a couple of weeks, youwon’t need the chocolate at all. Yourbrain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. Which of the following best fits in the box with a “?” in THE HABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by ______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What’s the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year’s resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel oran English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour.” What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. “As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner’s pants,” she said. “That’s the picture I remember best.”The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person’s body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person’s body.Using such technology promises to alter people’s behaviour afterwards—potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism—the bias （偏见）that humans have against those who don’t look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants’ bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. “At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms,” says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. “It’s a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone.”74. The word “swapping” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that ______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people’s bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to controla dark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则）and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too, they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company’s competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of “doing well by doing good” has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and with your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）: it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money tocharities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to _______.81. According to the passage, “good business” (paragraph 6) means that corporations _______while making profits第Ⅱ卷（共47分）Ⅰ.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。

2014上海杨浦区⾼考⼆模英语翻译具体解析第1-4句翻译1 ：（4分）原句：不管你相信不相信，善于倾听并采纳别⼈的意见是明智的。

⼀. 评分标准：Believe it or not / Whether you believe it or not, it is advisable toBelieve it or not, being ready/willing to listen to others and adopt their advice is advisable.或可以：Whether you believe it or not, listening to (others) and adopting their opinion(s) (readily / willingly) are /is advisable.注意：“采纳”⽤receive , “善于”⽤be good at 都扣0.5分, 原句“善于”意为“乐于”，漏掉it 扣0.5分⼆. 典型错误：1. 不理解advisable的意思，把它误认为“倾听”，⽽把句⼦中的“明智的”⽤“sensible, wise”表⽰。

2. “不管你相信不相信”：翻译成：No matter whether you believe it or not, 或Whatever you believe it or not,3. 句型不熟练, 很多同学漏掉itWhether you believe or not, / Believe or not4. 中⽂“善于”使很多同学句⼦出现偏差，原本正确的句⼦⼜改错。

本题的得分率2.6分左右。

2. 能否坚持⾃⼰所做的事情是⼀个⼈取得成功的重要因素之⼀。

（persevere）Whether one can persevere in what he is doing is one of the important factors of his success.1)Whether one can persevere in---------------1’Whether to persevere in 也对Whether ⽤if扣半分介词in 漏掉或⽤错都扣半分⽤it 做形式主语扣半分多⼀个连词that 扣⼀分语序错扣⼀分2)what he is doing------------------------------1’what he doessomething he is doing /doesthe thing that he is doing/ does 都算对whatever he is doing/ does除以上两种时态外，has been doing 也算对。

杨浦区2013学年度第二学期初三基础测试英语试卷(满分150分) 2014.4(完卷时间：100分钟，答案一律写在答卷纸上)Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解): (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片): （6分）A B C DE F G H1. ________2. _______3. _________4. __________5. __________6. _________B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案): (共8分)7. A) Warm. B) Rainy. C) Snowy. D) Cold.8. A) At 7:00 a.m.. B) At 7:30 a.m.. C) At 7:00 p.m.. D) At 7:30 p.m..9. A) Mother and son. B) Teacher and student.C) Doctor and patient. D) Driver and passenger.10. A) By bus. B) By underground. C) On foot. D) By taxi.11. A) A ring. B) A scarf. C) A watch. D) A skirt.12. A) Have lunch with Jim. B) Help Jim clean the house.C) Look after her baby. D) Prepare lunch for Jim.13. A) He got up later than usual. B) His car broke down.C) He was stuck in traffic. D) He left home too late.14. A) Megan doesn’t like the novel.B) Rob has read the novel.C) Megan has seen the movie. D) Rob wants to see the movie.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示):(共6分)杨浦区教师进修学院教研室保留版权初三基础测试（2014）英语试卷第1页（共8页）15. Sam teaches others to play basketball.16. Joe’s school basketball team lost all the games before Sam helped them.17. In the first half of the 11th game, the school team didn’t play well.18. The team wanted to invite Michael Jordan to join them.19. Miller is a very famous basketball player.20. The story mainly tells us that we should encourage team work if we want to succeed.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词): (共10分)21. Plane spotting (看飞机) is a great example of a __________ but __________ hobby.22. Plane spotters like to guess __________ __________ of the plane and the year it was built.23. Bird-watching started as a way for people to __________ __________, and over time it becamemore useful.24. Bird-watchers formed groups to find ways to protect __________ __________ and theenvironment.25.Some people who are skillful at computers have __________ __________ computer work as ahobby.Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案): (共20分)26. Sue heard a very loud noise coming from the forest. Which of the following is correct inpronunciation for the underlined word in the sentence?A) ♒✋☜♎B) ♒☜♎C) ♒♎D) ♒♏☜♎27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A) Our flight was cancelled. B) My father has bought a DSLR camera.C) Smoking can damage your health. D) They are holding a debate on keeping pets.28. My father is ________ his sixties, but he looks much younger.A) in B) on C) at D) for29. Do you have to wear ________ uniform if you work at McDonald’s?A) a B) an C) the D) /30. Jimmy has made up ________ mind to go to Oxford University for further study.A) he B) his C) him D) himself31. The Chinese ________ the first to use paper money, probably as early as the eleventh century.A) is B) are C) was D) were32. This pair of shoes is too small for me. Can you show me ________ pair?A) other B) others C) another D) the others33.They are looking for someone who is familiar ________ computers.杨浦区教师进修学院教研室保留版权初三基础测试（2014）英语试卷第2页（共8页）A) to B) with C) at D) for34. The food in this restaurant tastes ________ and the price is right.A) good B) well C) bad D) badly35. This kind of car is ________ than that one because it uses less fuel.A) popular B) more popular C) most popular D) the most popular36. – Must we hand in the exercise books now?– No, you ________. You can hand it in tomorrow.A) mustn’t B) needn’t C) can’t D) shouldn’t37. You should go to bed early, ________ you will feel tired in the morning.A) or B) but C) and D) so38. The President ________ China in the near future.A) visit B) visited C) have visited D) will visit39. The old lady ________ along the road when the car hit her suddenly.A) was walking B) walked C) had walked D) has walked40. ________ there are many advantages of television, some people are not satisfied with it.A) Until B) Since C) Although D) When41. If I can’t finish ________ my homework now, I’ll go on with it after supper.A) do B) doing C) did D) to do42.The old man was upset because his favourite vase ________ by his grandson.A) broke B) had broken C) is broken D) was broken43. The teacher told the student ________ attention to his spelling and grammar.A) pay B) will pay C) to pay D) paying44.–______ do you go to the after-school activity centre?– Once a week.A) How long B) How often C) How soon D) How many times45. – Would you like to play basketball with me after school?– ________ I have to work for the wall paper.A) That’s great!B) I’m afraid I can’t.C) Sure. Please go ahead. D) No, I wouldn’t.Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。

2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分.试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(笫1—12页）和第Ⅱ卷(第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答題必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题）在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上,在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名.第I卷（共103分）I。

Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。

At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。

1. A。

policewoman。

B。

A judge。

C. A reporter。

D。

A waitress。

2. A。

Confident。

B。

Puzzled。

C。

Satisfied. D。

Worried.3.A。

At a restaurant。

B. At a car rental agency。

C。

In a bank。

D. In a driving school.4。

I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。

(as…as)2. 一到机场，玛丽就发现把护照忘在家里了。

(Hardly)3. 正是他对我们表现的评价，表明我们已经步入正轨了。

(track)4. 我没想到那个曾经受到高度赞扬的钢琴家结果却令观众大失所望。

(turn out)5. 如果不能独立找出提高学习效率的方法，你就很难取得令人满意的成绩。

(unless)Keys:1. Their suggestion sounds as feasible as ours.2. Hardly had Mary got to the airport when she found/noticed that she had left the passport at home.3. It was their comment on our performance that showed we had already been on the right track.4. I never thought that the pianist who had once been highly praised/spoken highly of turned out to be a great disappointment to the audience.5. It is very difficult for you to gain satisfactory achievements unless you find out the method of improving the learning efficiency by yourself / on your own.I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位医生已经说服了很多人戒烟。

2014年上海高考英语试卷翻译和写作精析与答案TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 【翻译总体分析】五句翻译分别考察了词组搭配、名词性从句、比较级、名词词组固定搭配、让步状语从句。

整体试题难度体现了良好的阶梯性，由简至难，除第五句中如何翻译出购物狂稍有难度，其他翻译题都保持在中等难度，只要能掌握基本句式难度就不太大了。

1 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。

（accustomed）【解析】本题主要考察词组be accustomed to doing，只要对词组掌握良好，根据语序就可以按部就班的翻译出句子。

2 将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。

（be up to）【解析】本题考察名词性从句当中的主语从句，整体句子结构相对比较简单，正是我们平时口语当中的it’s up to you.难点就在于正确翻译从句部分。

首先从句是用what来引导，同时注意从句保持陈述语序；其次需要注意词汇的积累，过着…生活词组表达是lead/ live a … life。

3 没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。

（than）【解析】本题考查比较级, 难度较前两句稍有增加，主要难点在于：一、合理安排句子结构，要用比较级表示最高级，此考点的重点就在于使用比较级的同时要搭配否定，表达出“没有…更…“来表达最高级的意思；二、同意 approve 这个词搭配的介词 of，同时要注意介词后面要加动名词，相应地enter for 参加要改成 entering for 。

4家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。

（for fear）【解析】此题考察重点就在于嘱咐和遭遇不测嘱咐: ask或者tell即可\在河边应该翻译成by the river，需要注意介词的选择；由于题目给出的词组是for fear，fear作为名词，可以直接在后面加of，所以遭遇不测这个动词词组可以名词化，翻译成for fear of accident.5.虽然现代社会物资丰富，给与消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。

2014年虹口区高考英语二模卷（翻译）Section B
（A）
像许多其它的小男孩一样，我着迷于汽车，尤其，是因为我最年长的哥哥就特别爱车，他还订阅了许多炫酷的杂志，像名车志，汽车趋势等。

这些杂志偶尔也会刊登关于“未来汽车”文章。

他们以如微原子核反应器等非传统物质作为电源为特色。

但是，坦率地说，我的车没法做的事，我哥哥的斯图贝克（一种车）也没法做到。

他们能开能停，都要燃烧汽油。

我仍然需要去驾驶它，如果我一不小心它还会撞到什么东西。

但是，猜猜以后会怎么样？在不远的将来，这一切都会改变。

它可能不需要燃烧汽油，我可能不用驾驶它，并且在不撞倒其他东西上会做的更好。

安全气囊不代表着一切，同时它还会终结生命。

事实上，考虑到关于最近人们在偶然情况下被他们的安全气囊在低速碰撞中杀死的新闻，很明显安全气囊仍需改进。

但他们不会离开，事实上，你可以期待汽车带有附加的、侧面安全气囊，而这样的车，一些欧洲汽车生产商已经可以提供了。

然而，在一场意外事故中，比减少受伤更重要的系统是在事故的第一现场能够减少可能的系统吗？未来汽车可能会免除引起事故的大多数的主要原因，包括醉酒驾驶，和与前车距离过近。

举个例子，汽车可能会在驱动系统中组装上能够测试酒精含量的传感器，并且它
还能阻止汽车启动。

在明年初，你将能购买配置雷达控制系统的汽车。

如果雷达探测到你离前面的车太近了，它就会减缓油门。

科学家们正在研究一个能自动刹车、加速和下高速的系统。

最终汽车真的能自动驾驶吗？。

2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（笫1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She iSn’t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It miSinterpreted the mayor’S Speech.C. it made the mayor’S view clearer.D. It carried the mayor’S Sp eech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. The cabins and facilities are shared.D. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community.C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cancer.C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.17 in London19Dislikes:• 20 shops•small trolleysBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“ I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term ‘automatic shop’is far (37)______ (appropriate)”In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ (force )village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______those villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws---for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we __52__ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult __53__ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural __54__, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really__55__issues.Dunbar __56__ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—__57__, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the __58__ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or__59__ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar __60__ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the __61__ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to __62__ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be __63__ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more __64__ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one __65__ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let's say you want tohit the gym moreregularly this year. Howdo you make that happen?Consider putting thehabit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-stepprocess. First, there's acue, something that tellsyour brain to operateautomatically. Thenthere's a routine. Andfinally, a reward, whichhelps your brain learn todesire the behavior. It'swhat you can use tocreate-or break-habits ofyour own.Here's how toapply it:Choose a cue, like leaving your running shoes by the door, then pick. a reward-say, a piece of chocolate when you get home from the gym. That way, the cue and the reward become interconnected. Finally, when you see the shoes, your brainwill start longing for the reward, which will make it easier to work out day after day. The best part? In a couple of weeks, you won't need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. which of the following beSt fitS in the box with a “?” in the habit loop?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “thiS year when i See the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. RikkeWahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to havethis kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtualreality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charitiesis no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct （行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with ngoS and you’re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。

2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（笫1—12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页.所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分.3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上,在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷（共103分)I。

Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A。

policewoman.B。

A judge。

C。

A reporter。

D. A waitress。

2。

A。

Confident。

B。

Puzzled. C。

Satisfied。

D. Worried。

3。

A。

At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4。

2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语第I卷（103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Gel her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn’t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech.C. It made the mayor’s view clearer.D. It earn ed the mayor’s speech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. he cabins and facilitiesD. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing B. A special communityC. A splendid mountainD. A successful businesswomanQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cantC. How unmarried people surviveD. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORDfor each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What is critical thinking in reading?Assessing the writer’s ideas and thinking aboutthe 21 of what the writer is saying.What is the first step in reading an academic text critically? Finding out the argument and the writer's main line of 22 .What may serve as the evidence? 23 , survey results, examples, etc.What is the key to critical thinking? To read actively and 24 .II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the otherblanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local caféas a waiter. I believe that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.【答案】【小题1】where【小题2】To earn【小题3】as soon as/ as long as【小题4】exhausted【小题5】if(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“ I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term “automatic shop” is far (37)______ (appropriate)In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ force village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______these villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alertB. classifyC. commitD. delicatelyE. gentleF. imposeG. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simplyLet's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect-one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrientsare healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.【答案】【小题1】G【小题2】C【小题3】I【小题4】F【小题5】E【小题6】B【小题7】K【小题8】J【小题9】A【小题10】H【小题9】黄灯表示消费者应该警觉了。

2014上海杨浦、静安、宝⼭、青浦区⾼考英语⼆模试题（附答案）宝⼭区2013学年第⼆学期期中教学质量诊断测试⾼三英语学科试卷考⽣注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—10页）和第Ⅱ卷（第10页），全卷共10页。

第I卷第1-16⼩题、第41-77⼩题采⽤多项选择题形式，答案必须涂写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上⽆效。

第I 卷第17-40⼩题、第78-81⼩题和第II卷的试题，其答案必须写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上⽆效。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、班级、学校和准考证号,并⽤铅笔在答题纸上正确涂写准考证号。

第I卷（共103分）Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a hair salon.C. At a tailor’s shop.D. At the cinema.2. A. Reading for relaxation. B. Going to a tea house.C. Going skiing.D. Flying kites.3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Librarian and reader.C. Actor and actress.D. Waitress and customer.4. A. At 2:00. B. At 3:00. C. At 4:45. D. At 5:15.5. A. He’s capable of handling anything. B. He is a professional photographer.C. Cool weather makes perfect photos.D. The camera is easy to use.6. A. He has gone to visit his mother. B. He has asked for a sick leave.C. He has found a new job in Europe.D. He has done something wrong.7. A. They lived in the same neighbourhood. B. They went to the same college.C. He’s known Margie for a long time.D. It’s the first time he has met Margie.8. A. The nearest post office is next to the police station.B. The man is working in the office building.C. The man ought to get off at the next bus stop.D. The post office is two blocks away from the police station.9. A. He agrees on setting the bed.B. He wants to look for a place to live.C. He’d like to invite two friends to visit.D. He will change his phone number immediately.10. A. Both of them are sports fans.B. The man wants to buy a fan to cool down.C. There is a fan exhibition now.D. They’ll play a tennis game together.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Fewer than five minutes. B. Five to ten minutes.C. As long as possible.D. More than ten minutes.12. A. Fire your imagination.B. Get more economic profits.C. Show respect to the oldest family members.D. Recognize more family members.13. A. Make a welcome address. B. Create awards.C. Keep a family event memo.D. Print a Family Book.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A student in Deep Spring College. B. An editor of a magazine.C. A politician.D. A professor.15. A. Developing farming in desert.B. Carrying out a long-term project.C. Getting youths ready to serve people.D. Helping students make $50,000 per year.16. A. To attend a teaching show.B. To interview the Student Body members.C. To bring new energy to the college.D. To apply for teacher vacancies in the college.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)I have to say that my mom is stricter than most parents, and I’m the kind of kid who has a lot of my own thoughts.I used to think that she’s just a picky person that likes to make things more difficult for me, so we once sat down and talked face to face trying to clarify every misunderstanding we have (25)__________ us. I (26)__________ (convince) and decided to change my attitude towards her. My mom told me that as we grow, she’s also growing, too. Every day, she learns something new about being a mom, and her knowledge of becoming a good mom gradually grows.(27)__________ time passes by, I began to realize that most of her rules, or should I say “point of view”, are really to protect us. We teenagers often think that parents are conservative (保守的), and they know nothing about us, but honestly, we’re actually still too young (28)__________ (know) what’s really best for us.Parents can be wrong sometimes because nobody’s perfect, and they may be just like my mom who is still on her way to (29)__________ (be) a perfect parent! So, to those who often argue with their parents like me: next time, when you really disagree with (30)__________ your parents say, stop and tell yourself that your parents would never try to do(31)__________ to harm you because they love you before you yell at them.Finally, I really want my mom to know how sorry I am for always yelling at her breaking her heart. I really do want to change because I love her just as much as she loves me.(B)When I was in junior high school, darkness began filling my mind. I don’t know the day or the reason why it began. All I know is that I started feeling hopeless and worthless. I hid in my room, (32)__________ (stare) out of the window, thinking about all my failures. I even questioned (33)__________ being alive was worthwhile. My dark mood wasn’t constant. It would fade at times, but it always returned.It was my parents that helped me identify the shadow (34)__________ hung over my life —depression. Depression is (35)__________ mental illness that drains your energy and prevents you from enjoying life. It can keep you from succeeding at school or work or from connecting with others. At its (36)__________ (bad), depression can even lead to suicide.When your mood is dark, how do you know whether you are depressed or just sad? Think about how long the feelings (37)__________ (last). If they have persisted for weeks or months, get help.No one (38)__________ face depression alone. If you’re depressed, find someone —a friend, parent, teacher or pastor —and tell them your feelings. Consider seeing a doctor or psychologist, if they are getting worse.When I was depressed, I was (39)__________ (embarrass) to tell anyone. I didn’t want to seem weak or needy. But when Itold my friends, they supported and encouraged me.In fact, (40)__________ depression affects many people worldwide, treatments areavailable and can bring hope and joy back into their life.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Americans know the benefits of having a healthy diet. In school, children learn to eat a variety of healthy foods. People grow up aware of the value of __41__ calories. They hear about the health dangers of chemicals added to __42__ food. They realize they shouldn’t eat too many sweets or fats. Many American consumers read __43__ carefully for nutrition information. That way they can compare products and eat the best foods.Keeping fit — or maybe getting in shape —is often high on the list of New Year’s resolutions for Americans. In the past two decades, fitness has become a fashion. Many Americans have joined health clubs to work out with __44__ equipment. Sports stores sell sports shoes and clothing for every possible exercise __45__. People can even buy weights and equipment and set up their own exercise center at home!Statistics give health experts good reason to be disappointed. Americans exercise less than they used to. The number of people taking part in fitness activities __46__ from 41.7 million in 1991 to only 32 million in 1993. Among high school students, only 37 percent __47__ three times per week. However, 70 percent of teenagers watch at least an hour of TV every day, and 38 percent watch over three hours. As a result, the __48__ American gained eight pounds during the 1980’s. At least one-third of Americans weigh 20 percent more than their ideal weight.Still, by many __49__, Americans enjoy good health. Medical care in the United States, while expensive, is among the best in the world. The U.S. Government __50__ strict food inspections to ensure that food is of the highest quality. Food producers must label products accurately. Many resources, such as magazines, TV programs and even the Internet, allow people to find out how to improve their health. Americans know how to make themselves more healthy. They just need to do it.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As anyone who has tried to lose weight knows, realistic goal-setting generally produces the best results. That is partially__51__ it appears people who set realistic goals actually work more efficiently, and make more effort, to achieve those goals. What is far less understood by scientists, __52__, are the potentially harmful effects of goal-setting.Newspapers relay（转发）accounts of goal-setting in industries and businesses up and down both Wall Street and Main Street, yet there has been __53__ little research on how the practice of setting goals may have __54__ to the current economic crisis, and unethical (不道德) behavior in general.“Goals are widely used and promoted as having really beneficial effects. And yet, the same__55__ that can push people to make more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to__56__ unethical behaviors,” says Maurice Schweitzer, an associate professor at Penn’s Wharton School.“It turns out there’s no economic benefit to just having a goal — you just get a psychological benefit.” Schweitzer says. “But in many cases, goals have economic __57__ that make them more powerful.”A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues mention is the 2004 __58__ of energy-trading giant Enron, where managers used financial encouragements to motivate salesmen to __59__ specific profit goals. The problem, Schweitzer says, is the actual trades were not __60__.Other studies have shown that __61__ employees with unrealistic goals can force them to lie, cheat or steal. Such was the case in the early 1990s when Sears __62__ a sales quota (配额) on its auto repair staff. It promoted employees to impose for work and to __63__ unnecessary repairs on a companywide basis.Schweitzer admits his research runs counter to (违背) a very large body of literature that __64__ the many benefits of goal-setting. Advocates of the practice have argued with his team’s use of such __65__ as news accounts to support his conclusion that goal-setting is widely over-recommended.51. A. though B. unless C. when D. because52. A. moreover B. furthermore C. however D. otherwise53. A. surprisingly B. generally C. particularly D. potentially54. A. objected B. contributed C. opposed D. tailored55. A. definition B. appreciation C. motivation D. expression56. A. engage in B. add to C. show off D. turn on57. A. risks B. problems C. expenses D. rewards58. A. claim B. collapse C. composition D. construction59. A. need B. meet C. kneel D. feel60. A. comfortable B. changeable C. favorable D. profitable61. A. tiring B. burdening C. inspiring D. leading62. A. overtake B. overlook C. overcharge D. overflow63. A. blame B. discover C. complete D. direct64. A. praises B. denies C. neglects D. excludes65. A. problem B. factor C. purpose D. evidenceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The owner of an Al abama Chinese restaurant named “Good Friend” shot at a customer who complained about a bug in her egg roll Thursday night. The bullet narrowly missed 20-year-old Birmingham resident Jatari Walker who told the Daily News she is scarred by the entire experience.“I can’t sleep,” she said Saturday afternoon. “And since it happened I’ve had no appetite.”Walker ordered a combination platter（⼤浅盘）and egg roll from the Good Friend Chinese and Seafood Restaurant on Dennison Ave. Thursday evening. After paying her $7 bill she went back to her car and discovered a fly inside. “I thought I need to take this back,” she said.The customer went back and asked for a repayment and said the owner Chun Hin Ching, 52, was unhappy with her because she announced her discovery in front of other customers. After an argument he repaid the money and Walker — who is now a former frequent customer of the business — turned and walked to the exit.That’s when Ching drew a handgun and fired a single shot over her head.“He just shot the gun at me and I ran,” she said, adding she could feel the bullet whiz past her head.Birmingham Police Department spokesman Lt. Sean Edwards told the News the owner was charged with attempted murder and was transported to Jefferson County Jail on $100,000 bail （保释⾦）.Police believe Ching intended to hit Walker with the bullet and missed, Edwards said. The bullet hit the top of the door frame of the take-out business.Ching did not tell police why he fired at Walker, Edwards said.Edwards said he did not recall any previous problems at the business. He said Ching did not say why he had a weapon butadded it was not uncommon for stores in that neighborhood.No one was injured from the gunshot, Edwards said.Calls placed to the restaurant Saturday afternoon were not answered.66. What happened on Thursday night in Good Friend Chinese and Seafood Restaurant?A. A fire broke out but luckily no one was injured.B. The restaurant owner refused to repay the money.C. The egg rolls caused sickness among some customers.D. A young woman narrowly escaped being killed by a bullet.67. Why did Walker go back to the restaurant after buying the food?A. Because she left her car key in the restaurant.B. Because she discovered a fly in the egg roll.C. Because she forgot to take the combination platter.D. Because she found the owner charged her too much.68. The restaurant owner fired on Walker when ______.A. she was about to leaveB. she was arguing with himC. she asked for a repaymentD. she announced her discovery69. We can learn from the passage that ______.A. this is the first time for Walker to buy food from Good Friend RestaurantB. the owner was unhappy with the complaint and refused to repay the moneyC. it is common for a restaurant owner in that neighborhood to have a weaponD. if someone had been hit, Ching’d have been charged with attempted murder(B)Kompong Phhluk Private TourDepart the city for an unspoiled floating community calledKompong Phhluk which is astonishing for its stilted-house villages andflooded forest.Stop on the way for the Rolous Market tour. This is a great chancefor you to take the photos of locals selling vegetables, different fishspecies and other local produce.After this market tour we’ll all have a boat tr ip to the floatingcommunity of Kompong Phhluk, visit an island pagoda, school andhouses standing on 8 or 10m high stilts, fish farms and learn about thevillage life.Stop and have lunch in a family’s house before getting into a row boat and venturing into the flooded forest, the habitat to some famous water-bird species.Eventually we jump back into the big boat and set off for the largest fresh water lake in SE Asia, Tonle Sap.Tour Details·Departs 8.30am·Returns around 2pm·A picnic lunch with sandwiches and drinks is provided. We cannot provide local food from the area due to poor sanitation, lack of hygiene standards and refrigeration.·No passes requiredRates·These rates are based on an English speaking guide.·Rates include all transport, water and a picnic lunch.·Children 11 years and under are 50%.·Children 4 years and below are free.·If your group is larger than 5 people please email us for the best rate.Number of People Price Per Person1 Person $652 People $453 People $404 People $355 People $32What to Wear·Please be mindful of your clothing and try to avoid anything too revealing.·We strongly recommend a sunglasses, hat and sunscreen.General Informatio n·This is a poor rural village, please be mindful of the environment.·Please do not hand things out to villagers, for this contributes to creating a begging cycleand can create jealousy.·We recommend heading to the toilet before you go on this trip as facilities are very basic.70. Kompong Phhluk is famous for its ______.A. local vegetables and different fish speciesB. stilted-house villages and flooded forestC. Rolous Market and island pagodaD. water-bird habitat and fish farms71. A private trip for two parents and a 3-year-old boy costs ______.A. $40B. $80C. $90D. $12072. Which of the following is not included in the rates?A. A tourist guide.B. Transport.C. Drinks.D. Local food.73. We can conclude from the passage that ______.A. the living standard in the village is quite lowB. the tourist facilities along the way are quite goodC. revealing clothes are appropriate in the hot weatherD. giving local children small gifts is strongly recommended(C)People are more likely to lie or cheat during the afternoon because self control reduces during the day, according to researchers.Volunteers taking part in two experiments where they could benefit by cheating were more likely to do so if the tests took place after midday, researchers found.The findings back up previous studies which have shown that our capacity for self-control declines during the day, due to tiredness and repeatedly making decisions.Psychologists from Harvard University first showed a group of volunteers various patterns of dots on a computer screen, asking them to decide whether there were more dots on the left or the right hand side.Instead of being rewarded for getting the answer right, the participants were paid based on which side they chose, earning ten times as much for choosing the right hand side as the left.People who were tested after midday were significantly more likely to select the right hand side, even if there were clearly more dots on the left, than those who took part during the morning.In a second test, participants were shown a series of word fragments, such as “—ral” and “e—c—” and asked which words they associated with them.In morning experiments, participants were more likely to form the words “moral”and “ethical” while during the afternoon the words “coral” and “effects” were most common.Further tests conducted online showed that people were more likely to send dishonest messages or claim to have solved an unsolvable problem in the afternoon than in the morning.Writing the Psychological Science journal, the researchers said the difference was particularly pronounced in people with higher ethical standards, who always behaved morally during the morning but slipped during the afternoon.In contrast, those who were able to “morally disengage”, or behave unethically without feeling guilty, tended to cheat whatever the time of day.Dr. Maryam Kouchaki, one of the lead authors, said: “Unfortunately, the most honest people, such as those less likely to morally disengage, may be the most susceptible (易受影响的) to the negative consequences associated with the morning morality effect.”The findings could be relevant to organizations that should be more alert about the behavior of customers and employees during the afternoon, she added. “Our findings suggest that mere time of day can lead to a systematic failure of good people to act morally.”74. Volunteers can get more money when they ______.A. gave the correct answerB. chose the right hand sideC. chose the left hand sideD. remembered the patterns of dots75. Why are participants less likely to form words like “ethical”, “moral” in the afternoon?A. Because their vocabulary becomes smaller.B. Because they are unwilling to tell the truth.C. Because the words are the voice of their heart.D. Because self control declines after midday.76. The underlined word “pronounced” ( in paragraph 10 ) is closest in meaning to ______.A. dominatedB. announcedC. markedD. exposed77. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The finding especially applies to those who behave ethically.B. Mere time of day can lead to systematic failure of organizations.C. The finding doesn’t agree with that of previous studies.D. People who act morally feel guilty after telling a lie.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Not for the first time, Paul Mathis wants us to change. But this time he isn’t trying to get us to go vegetarian, or dine only on locally grown ingredients. This time he’s trying to get us to type differently.Paul Mathis, a restaurateur from Melbourne who owns a string of dining establishments, has designed the letter “?”—representing the word “the”. Now he is pushing Apple to allow him to promote his app, which features the new character, in its iTunes store.In a move to branch out of the food business, Paul has invested AUS $38,000 (￡23,500) in the new app, but has so far been rejected by Apple. He is hoping he can change their mind, pointing out that reducing the word “the”— the most used word in the English language — to one character would be helpful for Twitter and swift typing.“Is this important?” he said, in an interview with The Sydney Morning Herald. “No. Is this going to change the world? Not really. But is it something that might be useful for people? I think so, because it can save people lots of time on keyboard.”“The word ‘and’ is only the fifth-most used word in English and it has its own symbol — the ampersand ‘&’,” said Mr. Mathis.“Isn’t it time we gave the same respect to ‘the’?”The top five most commonly used words in the English language are said to be: the, be, to, of, and “and”. The ampersand “&”has at times been used as the 27th letter of the Englishalphabet.Paul has developed the typography — effectively an upper-case “T” and a lower-case “h”bunched together so they share the upright stem —and an app that puts it in everyone’s hand by allowing users to download an entirely new electronic keyboard complete not just with his symbol but also a row of keys of 15 most frequently typed words.So far, though, the take-up has been minimal. But that might change if he can get his innovation into Apple’s app store. The problem is, the Californian tech giant has so far resisted his advances. But who knows —maybe in 500 years’ time people will be amazed that there was a time when we didn’t use ‘?’.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS) 78. What is Paul Mathis? __________________________________________________________________________ 79. Paul designs the new letter “?”to represent the word “the”because he thinks__________________________________________________________________________.80. The main difference between the new and the old electronic keyboard is that the new one__________________________________________________________________________.81. How can Paul attract more people to download his new keyboard?__________________________________________________________________________第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 不管你相信不相信，善于倾听并采纳别⼈的意见是明智的。

2014上海高考真题解析I.Listening Comprehension（Omitted）II.Grammar and vocabularySection APassage A25. 本题考查非限定性定语从句。

由于先行词为New York，故填关系副词where引导定语从句，同时在从句中做状语。

26. 本题考查不定式在句中做目的状语。

根据后面内容some money to pay the daily expenses （一些钱来支付日常费用）可知，是为了赚钱，故填To earn。

27. 本题考查状语从句的连词。

根据设空以及后面内容I was offered a good position, I would resign at once（我被提供一个好职位，我就马上辞职）的逻辑关系可知，这里填“一……就……”或“只要……”。

故此处填as soon as 或as long as。

28. 本题考查过去分词表示“人的心理感受”。

句意为：经过一段时间，高额的生活费用成了我本来就已经疲惫的肩膀上的负担。

故填exhausted。

29. 本题考查条件状从句的连词。

根据句意…I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city“……我想要一个更好的职业发展，我就不得不在城市里找工作”可知，前句表示条件，故填if。

30. 本题考查名词性从句的连词。

根据句式结构可知，本句是一个主语从句做主语，而连词又在从句中做动词had told的宾语，故填连接代词what。

31. 本题考查短语have difficulty in doing sth的搭配，故本空填adapting。

32. 本题考查考查倒装句。

由于从句Not until I returned位于句首，且有否定词，因此句子用部分倒装结构，再根据句子的时态---一般过去时，故填did。

2014年5月CATTI二级笔译实务真题解析（汉译英）汉译英第一篇原文：上海合作组织成立12年来，成员国结成紧密的命运共同体和利益共同体。

面对复杂的国际和地区形势，维护地区安全稳定和促进成员国共同发展，过去、现在乃至将来相当长时期内都是上海合作组织的首要任务和目标。

安全上，成员国要继续坚定支持彼此维护国家安全和社会稳定的努力，加大打击“三股势力”和毒品犯罪力度。

值得注意的是，当前，地区恐怖主义和毒品犯罪相互勾结的现象愈演愈烈，反恐和禁毒成为需要双管齐下的系统工程。

中方认为有必要赋予上海合作组织地区反恐怖机构禁毒职能，加强其综合打击“毒恐勾结”的能力。

经济上，成员国要大力推动务实合作。

我们维护地区安全稳定的最终目的是实现共同发展繁荣。

各方有必要加快实施交通、能源、通信、农业等优势领域合作项目，加紧研究建立上海合作组织开发银行，以解决项目融资难题和应对国际金融风险。

点评：这是2013年9月4日《人民日报》刊发的关于习近平主席接受土、俄、哈、乌、吉五国媒体联合采访的报道，该篇翻译节选了这一采访的一小节。

与三级笔译实务的命题内容相比，该篇的翻译难度显然要大一些，因为原文中出现的一些语汇可能会对考生形成一定的障碍。

例如：“三股势力”，“毒恐勾结”等。

从译文的句子结构的选择而言，二级笔译对考生的要求注定会比三级考生更加严格苛刻。

根据我们以往的阅卷经验，二级笔译实务的阅卷对于考生所使用的句法修辞手段有所要求。

因此，如果说在三级笔译考试中，一个汉语的句子被译成英文，句子的语法结构没有太大的问题，词汇搭配基本得体即可，而在二级笔译考试中，这个要求显然是不够的，它还要求考生根据原文的语气的强调以及英语中的表达习惯来适当地调整句子结构，使译文更加吻合原文的色彩以及使句子的前后词序显得更加平衡。

下面让我们共同关注一下第一篇汉译英语段中的重点语句的翻译。

第一段第一句：“上海合作组织成立12年来，成员国结成紧密的命运共同体和利益共同体。

高三英语练习一．翻译练习(字母A /B的短语默写)1.抛妻弃子________________ 2放纵于_______________ _______3全神贯注于_____________________ 4.有得到sth的机会/享用sth的权利_______________ 5.无意的,故意地_____________________6.控告sb sth，指责sb sth _______________ 7习惯于_____________________8.采用一个政策_______________________ 9实现sb的志向____________________10.从不同的角度____________________ 11.因为sth向sb道歉______________________ 12. 对sth有胃口/欲望___________________ 13.一阵掌声_______________________14.电器_________________________ 15.指定sb去做sth_______________________ 16.抓住sb的手臂______________________ 17.安排sb去做sth___________________________ 18.艺术品___________________________ 19.承担责任___________________________20. 对sth视而不见____________________ 21.除了做sth别无选择____________________常见四字成语的默写1．半途而废__________________ 2 层出不穷________________________3．不着边际_______________ 4出类拔萃/鹤立鸡群___________________5．从容不迫_________________ 6。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标II卷英语参考答案第一部分1—5 BCDCC 6—10 ADADD 11—15 ADBBA 16—20 BGCAF第三部分21—25 CADBD 26—30 CDADB 31—35 ACBAC 36—40 BDACB41.being 42. and 43. disappointed 44. to 45. caught46. to stop 47. riding 48.Did 49. me/mine 50. suddenly第四部分My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessonTherein the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework.don’t muchTherefore , we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do readingforfor one and a half hour and play sport for one hour every day.hoursMy dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowerslooksand trees around the classroom, buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, sat by thesit lake listenin g∧music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only ourto helpfulteachers but also our friends.书面表达One Possible VersionI often imagine what my life will be like in the future. I think my life will be very different in ten years. I will be twenty-eight years old by then. I will have my own family. Probably with a lovely child. I hope I will work in a computer company as a program designer. I will enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues, I will do a good job in whatever I do. In my free/spare time, I will continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and various ball games. On my holidays, I will travel around the world. In a word, my life will be much richer and more colorful.2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标II卷解析 阅读理解A篇genre美[ˈʒɑnrə]体裁 a story about kindness of people in Sydney 体现人性的真、善、美B篇topic:environmental protection(环保)C篇hot topic（热门话题）: Chinese Fever(汉语热)au pair [,əu'pεə][法语][英国英语](尤指外地来的)以帮做家务换取食宿的年轻女佣工；“互裨[bì]”姑娘(以授课、协助家务等只换取膳宿、学习英语、不取报酬的外国女子)D篇地铁小手册/指南考查学生快速查找提取有用信息的能力信息匹配题关于在繁忙中如何烹饪的小建议，难度适宜。

2014英语二模考试重点时间：5/8 9:00~10:45 ( 前5分钟是模拟试听)听力1.8选6动词短语描述，要会预判（易混淆）2. 对话交通方式、天气、人物关系、*地点、*时间（+/-）、动作、推断3. T/ F人物故事（200字），主题theme4. 填词音近字（week/ weak, months/ mouse, blue/ blew…）要预测介词，冠词（a /an / the），动词（-ed），名词复数（-s/ -es/ -ies）语法一．Choice1.音标：P50（考纲）1）看单词选音标（字母组合，单音节）2）四选一（元音: a, e, i, o, u）2. 冠词（固定搭配）不定冠词（a/an）:a bit of / a couple of / a kind of / a lot of / a piece of / catch (a) cold / come to an end /do sb. a favour / give sb. a hand / go on a diet / go on a picnic / go for a swim /have a class(lesson) / hold a meeting / in a hurry / in a minute / keep a diary / leave a message / make a mistake / make a fire / make a living / make a mistake / make a noise / make a film / play a trick on / take a message for sb. / tell a lie定冠词（the）:all the way / at the end of / at the same time / by the way / for the first time /for the time being/ get into the habit of / go to the hospital / go to the movie(s)(cinema) /in the end / in the future / in the middle of / in the past / lay the table / make the bed /on the phone / on the other hand / on the way to…/ take the place of / the same…as /the week after next / with the help of零冠词（/）at breakfast(lunch, supper) / at first(last) / at home / at present / at(on) weekends / at work / by bus(train, plane) / do harm to / go to hospital(college, school) / go to bed / have pity on sb. / in charge of / in class / in danger(trouble) / in favour of / in return / make progress /on holiday / on weekdays / take charge of / with great care / with pleasure3.介词（固定词组）based on / be afraid of / be angry with sb. / be bad for / be busy with sth. /be connected to(with) / be covered with / be different from / be familiar to(with) /be famous for / be fond of / be full of / be good(poor) at / be interested in / be keen on /be late for / be made of / be made up of / be pleased with / be proud of / be ready for /be responsible for / be satisfied with / be similar to / be strict with / be thankful to sb. / be used to sth.(doing) / because of / belong to / break into / care for / communicate with / compete with / complain about/ consist of / deal with / depend on / die of / do harm to / dream of / get along(on) with / get into the habit of / get ready for / get rid of / get tired of / go for a swim / go in for/ go on a picnic / go on with sth. / hand in/ have pity on / hear from / hear of / jump to a conclusion / keep…from / laugh at / learn form / leave for / live on/ make fun of/ one after another/play a trick on/ praise sb.for sth. / prepare for/ prevent … from / protect…from / provide…with/ refer to/ search for/ share…with / stand for/ stop…from / take a message for sb. / take hold of / tell…from /the same …as / think about / think of / with great care / with pleasure时间：in July, in 1998, in Spring , in the morning /on the afternoon of May 2, on a cold winter morning (night)地点：arrive at the hotel(airport等小地点) arrive in Shanghai（China等大地点）be located in China（在中国内部）be located on China（和中国接壤）be located to the south of China（位于中国南面，在中国外部）be located at 25，Green Street（门牌号码）方式：protect sb. by doing , in a special way，with modern science and technology4.名词：注意量词， a block of ice（块）, a loaf of bread（只，根）, …注意兼类词a piece of paper（纸）, some test papers（考卷）/The bottle is made of glass.（玻璃）/ a pair of glasses（眼镜）/ a glass of water（玻璃杯）5.主谓一致（be，am，is，are作为选项）1）后置定语修饰名词作主语：相关练习：1.The passengers on the seat ________ laughing at her at that moment.( is / are / was / were)2.A number of students in our school ______ English very well.A) is speaking B) are speaking C) speaks D) speak3. The number of the students of our school ______ 2,000 this term.A) is B) are C) has D) have2)none of , neither of 作主语：e.g. Neither of them _________ allowed to go out because they did something wrong.(is / are / was / were)6.代词，不定代词（other，others，none, neither）1.________ of my parents is a doctor. ______ of them are scientists.A. None …allB. Both…neitherC. Neither…bothD. Either…both2. ________ of his parents work in the modern factory.A. NoneB. BothC. AllD. Neither3. Would you like a Hamburg or a Sandwich?_________, I’m very full nowA. NoneB. BothC. eitherD. Neither4. --Are these three answers correct?--No, __________ correct.A. none isB. either is C all are D. neither is5. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. ______ of them have set a goodexample to us (05)A. NoneB. BothC. AllD. Neither6. There are two maps on the wall. One is a map of America, ______ is a map of the world.A) other B) the other C) another D) others7. This picture is better than ______ two.A) the other B) other C) another D) the others8. We study Chinese, English, maths and some ______ subjects at school.A) another B) the other C) other D) others9. We study Chinese, English, maths and some ______ subjects at school.A) another B) the other C) other D) others10. Only Xiao Li is here. ______ have gone to the playground.A) Another B) The other C) The others D) Others11. I don’t like this kind. Show me ______.A) another B) the other C) others D) the others12. What’s in your ______ hand?A) another B) other C) the other D) the others13. There are twenty-six desks in the classroom. One is for the teacher, ______ are forthe students.A) the other B) other C) the rest D) others14. There are many old people in the park today. ______ are playing chess, ______ aresitting and talking.A) Some...others B) Many...the othersC) Some...most D) The others...many15. I have three stamps. ______ is from Japan, ______ is from Britain, and ______ isfrom America.A) One...the other...the third B) One...another...the thirdC) One...other... the third D) One...two...three16. Last night I was busy working on the problems ______ after ______.A) one...the other B) one...anotherC) one...the others D) some...others17. The teacher said that ______ of the boys should finish his own work.A) both B) all C) each D) every18. In Class One ______ of the girls likes dancing.A) none B) all C) both D) every19. ______ of us like this pop song. It’s kind of boring.A) Every B) Each C) None D) Neither20. Here are some postcards from Beijing, but ______ of them is for you.A) every B) neither C) no one D) none21. I believe that ______ of your parents smokes.A) both B) neither C) all D) none22. I’ve got two sisters. ______ of them are now in Shanghai.A) Either B) All C) Both D) Everyone23. Tom and Mary ______ middle school students.A) are both B) both are C) all are D) are all24. There are five students in the room. ______ of them has a book.A) Each B) Every C) Both D) All25. ______ the students are here except Tom. He has gone home.A) None B) Both C) All D) Each26. ______ of the two shirts fits me. I have to buy another.A) Each B) All C) None D) Neither27. All the bottles are broken. ______ of them is useful.A) None B) Both C) All D) Each28. You can’t borrow these two books at a time. You may borrow ______ of them.A) all B) neither C) either D) each29. ______ of the girls plays tennis well.A) Neither B) Both C) All D) Some30. My parents and I are ______ interested in music.A) both B) all C) neither D) every31. John, Bill and Peter like singing, but ______ of them likes dancing.A) either B) none C) neither D) all7.形容词和副词：1）辨析2）系表结构stay，prove，seem +形容词stay表示某种情况或状态的持续的系动词e.g. The temperature has stayed hot this week.The doors stayed closed/open.seem表像系动词:“看起来、显得”e.g.She seemed (to be) an honest woman.He seemed (to be) interested in the book .It seems that she will win.总结：seem +(to be ) adj./ n.It seems(seemed)that …prove表示主语已终止动作, “证明是”e.g.Through practice, our plan proved (to be) correct.She proves a very strict teacher and her students are afraid of her.3）比较级，最高级8.情态动词9.连词并列连词and，so，but，for从属连词unless，until，althoughe.g. 1）How terrible it is that the water still can’t be drunk ______ it has been given medicaltreatment!A) although B) because C) when D) if2）I’m not going to let the matter rest _________ I receive an apology from you.A. ifB. so thatC. soD. until3）________ some extra money is found, the theatre will close.A. UntilB. ThoughC. UnlessD. Since10.时态和语态（3题）11.to do / doing作宾语和宾语补足语（见PPT）12.疑问句How many /long / often /soonWhat country do you prefer to travel to?Which city do you prefer, New York or Los Angeles?How many +(cn.复数)How much +(un.)13.应答句：（看熟考纲）P93~107二．钓鱼题判断词性：注意名词修饰名词eat the fish _________(happily / ball)teach us knowledge and give me support三．词性转换复习材料：《课课练》，时事（英文报）考点：（cn.复），比较级最高级，人称代词，形容词，动词，名词，反义词，be__(ad.)__ Vpp. ( English is widely used in the world.)四．句型转化：《课课练》1.同义句转换：spend→takee.g. It took him th whole morning to write the report.He _______ the whole morning _______ the report.so that→in order to/ so as toe.g. We went early so as to get good seats.We went early _____ ______ we could get good seats.so…that→too…to/ …enough toe.g. 1)Her voice was too soft for us to hear anything.Her voice was ____ soft _____ we couldn’t hear anything.2)The math problem is so difficult that none of us can solve.The math problem is ____ difficult for ____ of us to solve.The math problem is not _____ _____ for ____ of us to solve.3) He is so weak that he can’t get up.He is not ______ ______ to get up.how/when/where+从句→how/when/where to doe.g. Can you tell me how I can get to the People’s Square?Can you tell me how_____ _____ to the People’s Square?Can you tell me the_____ ______ the People’s Square?if →unlesse.g. We’ll have no clean water to drink if we don’t protect water resources.We’ll have no clean water to drink _____ we ________ water resources.2.宾语从句：时态，人称，连词1)Nick asked Mia, “Are you excited about going to the beach at the weekend?” (宾语从句)Nick asked Mia ________ she _______ excited about going to the beach at the weekend.2) “When did Bill Gates begin to play with computers?” Tom asked.Tom asked _____ Bill Gates ______ to play with computers.3.被动语态Mr. Wang chose another ten people as the new football team members.Another ten people ________ ________ as the new football team members.4.简单句（找到主语）To go cycling along the lake in the evening is wonderful. ( 保留原意)_______ ______ wonderful to go cycling along the lake in the evening.阅读A.注意：1. 词性变化：bank（n./v.）2. 注意代词3.注意时态When I open the fridge, I thought there was a little milk in the fridge.When I open the door , I thought you were here.B.注意：*不要边填边做，要全文通读。