第十一讲 分句、合句

（二）把原文中一个短语译成句子，使原 文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句 子。 1．分词短语 Having been trained twice, he is a safe efficient driver who knows all the possible routes, if sniped. He had been accustomed to bathe in that bland sea and to take long walks among the pleasant vineyards, but little by little, grudging the time he ceased to do so.
他为人单纯而坦率。
他的父亲在意大利北部近海的比萨做小生 意。
我一点也不知道。
我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅 仅是出于礼貌。
阿诺可从佛罗伦萨流经比萨入海。
十点三十分的时候街上来往的车辆稀少了。
1．副词 His trip, incidentally, almost ended in disaster, for the plane in which he was traveling made a forced landing in marshes after engine trouble. They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all.
他认为习语是语言的支柱，因此特别主张 用生动活泼的短语。这种看法是很有道理 的。
原先他常常到温和的海水中去洗澡，在赏 心悦目的葡萄园中漫步，后来，由于舍不 得花时间，他渐渐放弃了这类活动。
他受过两次训，车子开得又快又安全，遭 到伏击，他也知道所有可以脱险的通路。
我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的纪录。
（三）把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个 或两个以上的句子。 His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery. This was an intelligently organized and fervent meeting in a packed Town Hall, with Mr. Strong in the chair.
2． 名词短语 I wrote four books in the first three years, a record never touched before. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, a universally accepted law.
能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭，这是一 条普遍公认的规律。
他认为，这种种问题是他在个人性格与民 族利益之间进行抉择时常常碰到的一个特 别痛苦的事例。无论此话是否真实，反正 他在文章中就是这样写的。 他来到华盛顿，就国际形势来说，时机正 合适。
因为他没有遵守安全规则，机器出了故障。 这是一次精心组织起来的会议。市政厅里 济济一堂，热情洋溢，主持会议的是斯特 朗先生。
2．形容词 My father was not wrong in judging me too young to manage business of importance. And a growing minority of Western intellectuals agreed.
3．名词 The inside of each tent depended on the personality of its occupants. He had a sound feeling that idiom was the backbone of a language and he was all for the racy phrase.
二、合句法 （一）把原文中两上或两个以上的简单句 译成一个单句。 He was very clean. His mind was open. His father had a small business in the city of Pisa. The city is in the north of Italy near the sea.
End
顺便说句题外话，他的这次路旅行差一点 以突难告终，他所乘坐的飞机因发动机出 了故障而被迫降落在沼泽地里。
他们根本没有回答，这是不足为奇的。
我父亲认定我太年轻，成不了大事。他算 是没说错。
越来越多的西方知识分子当时接受这种看 法，虽然从数量上说他们是少数。
每个帐篷内怎样的布置，这要看各位使用 者的性格了。
英译汉教程
A Course in English-Chinese Translation
王静安 教授 外国语学院英语系
第三单元 分句法、 第六节 分句法、合句法
翻译英语句子时，有时我们可把原文的句 子结构整个保存下来或只稍加改变即可， 但在不少情况下则必须将原来的句子结构 作较大的改变。分句法和合句法是改变原 文句子结构的两种重要方法。 一、分句法： （一）把原文中的一个单词译成句子，使 原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的 句子。
（二）把原句中的主从复合句译成一个单 句。 I am blest if I know. When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.
（三）把原文中的并列复合句译成一个单 句。 From Florence the river Arno ran down to Pisa, ahe time was 10:30, and traffic on the street was light.
3．前置词短语 He considered the whole business a particularly painful example of the choice between personalities and the national interest that he had often faced. That，at all events, was how he put it in his article. He arrived in Washington at a ripe moment internationally.