class 8英译汉 分句与合句 (下)
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专题03限制性定语从句目录考点聚焦:核心考点+高考考点,有的放矢重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升学以致用:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破核心考点聚焦高考考点聚焦常考考点真题举例关系副词where2023· 北京卷关系代词as 2023·全国甲卷关系代词which/that 2023·全国乙卷关系代词who/that 2023·全国甲卷关系代词whose 2023· 全国乙卷关系副词when 2023·浙江1月卷关系副词why 2023· 北京卷关系代词that 2022· 全国新高考I卷关系代词who 2022· 全国甲卷关系代词that/ who2022· 浙江1月卷限制性定语从句指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句,对所修饰的对象加以限制,表示”……的(人)”或”……的(物)”。
从句不可去掉,一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。
被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行词。
引导定语从句的词被称为关系词.【名师点津】关系词的3个作用关系词通常有下列三个作用: (1)引导定语从句; (2)代替先行词; (3)在定语从句中充当一个成分。
一、关系代词引导的限制性定语从句1.关系代词关系代词指代(即先行词)在定语从句中所作的句子成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语①The 80, 000 objects collection of the British Museum which/ that opened in 1759.例如, 汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件物品构成了在1759年开放的大英博物馆的核心馆藏。
②Any man that/who has a sense of duty will be concerned about this item.任何有责任感的人都会关注这个项目。
英译汉时的分句、合句译法
孙春玲;冯国平
【期刊名称】《太原大学教育学院学报》
【年(卷),期】2003(021)0z1
【摘要】@@ 翻译英语句子时,有时我们可把原文的句子结构整个保存下来或只稍加改变即可,但在不少情况下则必须将原来的句子结构做较大的改变.分句法和合句法是改变原文句子结构的两种重要方法.所谓分句法是指把原文的一个简单句译为两个或两个以上的句子.所谓合句法是指把原文两个或两个以上的简单句或一个复合句在译文中用一个单句来表达.
【总页数】2页(P64-65)
【作者】孙春玲;冯国平
【作者单位】华北煤炭医学院外语部,河北,唐山,063000;开滦一中,河北,唐
山,063000
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H31
【相关文献】
1.英译汉时反译法的应用与修辞效果 [J], 童小兰
2.从意合和形合论英译汉中的拆译 [J], 韦忠生
3.英汉翻译中的分句、合句译法 [J], 司继涛;言红兰
4.试谈英译汉中的分译与合译处理 [J], 左亦兵;;
5.英译汉中被动句的译法 [J], 赵洋
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汉译英一、汉译英简介在四级新题型考试中,翻译题所占分值为5%。
由5个句子组成,要求考生将句子的一部份由中文翻译成英文。
它考查的内容要紧包括两部份,一是意群的表达,二是句法。
汉译英要紧的考点有:固定结构的用法、词性的转换、语态之间的转换、长短句之间的转化和词语选择的适当性。
1. _________________(她目不转睛地看着窗外),she told us that our friend Tom had died in the air crash.2. Since we're here ____________(咱们不如四处看看).3. By contrast,American parents were more likely ____________(把小孩的成功归因于)natural talent.4. The substance does not dissolve in water__________________ (不管是不是加热).5. Not only _______________ (他向我收费太高), but he didn’t do a good repair job either.6. Your losses in trade this year are nothing _____________(与我的相较).7. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _________________ (一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London.二、汉译英解题步骤(一)通读全句,确信语法成份________________________(她目不转睛地看着窗外),she told us that our friend Tom had died in the air crash.非谓语结构或独立主格结构。
2024年重庆市高等职业教育分类考试文化素质测试中职英语模拟试题一、单选题(20 题)1.The scientist devoted himself _______ finding a solution to the problem.A.toB.inC.onD.for2._______ difficult the situation is, we must find a way out.A.WhateverB.HoweverC.No matterD.Though3.The teacher suggested that the students _______ more reading to improve their language skills.A.doB.didC.would doD.had done4.Not only _______ he passed the exam, but he also got the highest score.A.didB.hasC.doesD.is5.It is essential that the students _______ their homework regularly.A.doB.didC.are doingD.will do6.The book _______ I borrowed from the library is very interesting.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who7._______ the weather improves, we'll have a picnic in the park.A.IfB.UnlessC.As long asD.Although8.The manager insisted that the project _______ before the deadline.A.must be finishedB.be finishedC.was finishedD.had been finished9._______ hard he tried, he failed to finish the race.A.AsB.HoweverC.No matterD.Although10.The news _______ he had been admitted to the university came as a surprise.A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.which11.The _____ between the two countries has been strained due to recent political differences.A.relationB.relaxationC.creationD.ration12.The new smartphone model _____ advanced features such as facial recognition and wireless charging.A.boatsB.coatsC.boastsD.roasts13.The teacher's _____ approach to discipline ensures a positive learning environment in the classroom.A.firmB.firstC.thirstD.worst14.The government has announced plans to _____ renewable energy sources in the coming years.A.invest inB.rest inC.insist inD.persist in15.The movie's plot _____ around a group of friends trying to solve a mystery.A.revolvesB.solvesC.involvesD.evolves16.The scientist's research _____ new insights into the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.A.providedB.decidedC.dividedD.avoided17.The _____ of the novel lies in its intricate plot and well-developed characters.A.strengthB.lengthC.widthD.depth18.The government's decision to _____ taxes has been met with mixed reactions from the public.A.increaseB.decreaseC.releaseD.peace19.The teacher's encouragement _____ the students to participate actively in class discussions.A.motivatedB.locatedC.indicatedD.dictated20.The recent _____ in technology has made it easier for people to access information.pB.leapC.keepD.sleep二、填空题(20 题)21.John said he wasn’t disappointed at the result of the basketball game,but the look on his face________him________.A.turned;downB.took;inC.made;outD.gave;away22.I prefer a house in a mountain village to________in such a large city as Changsha.A.thatB.itC.thisD.one23.We should try our best to leave our generation a world better than________we were given.A.itB.oneC.the oneD.those24.—Can you accompany your little brother to the post office now? — ________,if he is ready.A.By all meansB.No wayC.My pleasureD.In no case25.In fact he lived a comfortable life,but he________about his fate all the time.A.is complainingB.has complainedC.was complainingD.had complained26.I sincerely suggest that you try your best to finish thisproject,unless you don’t ________the complaints from all directions.A.care aboutB.set aboutC.bring aboutD.go about三、汉译英(5 题)27.如果你发现一只大熊猫有危险,你会怎么做?(in danger)28.让我录入你的地址,然后给你开个账户。
英译汉翻译方法介绍---句子的翻译英译汉翻译方法介绍---句子的翻译一、分译和合译在翻译英语句子的时候,有时我们不改变或基本不改变句子的结构,但需要对原句作比较大的改变。
有两种常用的方法,一种叫分译,另一种叫合译。
所谓分译是指把一句话译成两句或两句以上。
合译则是指把两个相邻并且语义关系比较紧密的句子译成一句或是把原文的并列句或复合句译成简单句。
1、分译eg:1) Despite their differences, their love will conquer.尽管他们之间存在分歧,他们的恋爱一定会成功。
2) The rain having ruined my hat, I had to buy a new one.雨水把我的帽子淋坏了,我得买个新的。
3) I can hardly work with that noise going on. 那个声音响个不停,我几乎没法工作2、合译eg:1) It is New Year’s Day. Go a nd see you father. 过年了,去看你爸爸吧。
2) He was very clean. His mind was open. 他为人单纯而坦率。
3) As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bank.他站在那里,看见两个人进了银行。
二、复合句分句顺序的改变在翻译英语主从复合句的时候,常常要改变分句的顺序。
这里有两个主要的原因。
1、不论简单句还是复合句,在扩展的时候,有两个方面问题。
如在以pen为中心次的短语my friend’s p en中,扩展方向是左,在the pen of the friend of my aunt中,扩展方向是右。
如果我们以主句为中心,从句出现在主句前是向左扩展,如When you’re ready, we’ll leave for Shanghai.如果从句出现在主句之后则是向右扩展,如We’ll leave for Shanghai when you are ready.英语句子的扩展方向倾向于右,汉语句子的扩展方向倾向于左。
笔译考试常⽤翻译技巧:拆句法和合并法 拆句法和合并法: 这是两种相对应的翻译⽅法。
拆句法是把⼀个长⽽复杂的句⼦拆译成若⼲个较短、较简单的句⼦,通常⽤于英译汉;合并法是把若⼲个短句合并成⼀个长句,⼀般⽤于汉译英。
汉语强调意合,结构较松散,因此简单句较多;英语强调形合,结构较严密,因此长句较多。
所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利⽤连词、分词、介词、不定式、定语从句、独⽴结构等把汉语短句连成长句;⽽英译汉时⼜常常要在原句的关系代词、关系副词、主谓连接处、并列或转折连接处、后续成分与主体的连接处,以及意群结束处将长句切断,译成汉语分句。
这样就可以基本保留英语语序,顺译全句,顺应现代汉语长短句相替、单复句相间的句法修辞原则。
如: (1)Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States. 同中国加强合作,符合美国的利益。
(在主谓连接处拆译) (2)I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. 我要感谢你们⽆与伦⽐的盛情款待。
中国⼈民正是以这种热情好客⽽闻明世界的。
(在定语从句前拆译) (3)This is particularly true of the countries of the commonwealth, who see Britain’s membership of the Community a guarantee that the policies of the community will take their interests into account 英联邦各国尤其如此,它们认为英国加⼊欧共体,将能保证欧共体的政策照顾到它们的利益。