推力计算表
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如何计算液压缸的推力和拉力?
由力的计算公式可知: F = PS(P:压强; S:受压面积)参考方向:水平方向
从上面公式可以看出,由于油缸在作推动和拉动时受压面积不同,故所产生的力也是不同,即:
推力F1 = P×π(D/2)² = P×π/4*D²
拉力F2 = P×π[(D/2) ²-(d/2) ²] = P×π/4* (D²-d²)
(φD:油缸内径;d:活塞杆直径)
而在实际应用中,还需加上一个负荷率β。
因为油缸所产生的力不会100%用于推或拉,β常选0.8,故公式变为:
推力F1 = 0.8×P×π/4×D²
拉力F2 = 0.8×P×π/4×(D²-d²)
从以上公式可以看出,只要知道油缸内径φD和活塞直径φd 以及压强P(一般为常数)就可以算出该型号油缸所能产生的力。
例如:
常用的标准柱型油压缸的P值均可耐压至140kgf/cm2,即140bar。
假设:油缸内径D = 100mm活赛杆直径d = 56mm。
注意直径的单位计算时需化为cm。
则:
推力F1 = P×πD²/4×0.8 = 140×π×10²/4×0.8 ≈ 8796(kgf);
拉力F2 = P×π(D²-d²)/4×0.8 = 140×π(10²-5.6²)×0.8 ≈ 6037(kgf)。
根据公路路基设计规范(JTG D30-2004)K51+600滑坡饱水工况推力计算表K52+450K52+450~K52+600(H11)右侧滑坡天然工况推力计算表根据公路路基设计规范(JTG D30-2004)K60+250左20m(H13)滑坡饱水工况推力计算表29右侧滑坡天然工况推力计算表根据公路路基设计规范(JTG D30-2004)K90+880~K91+170(H31)滑坡饱水工况推力计算表K109+290(H54)滑坡天然工况推力计算表根据公路路基设计规范(JTG D30-2004)K109+950~K110+150(H55)滑坡饱水工况推力计算表K92+070~K92+270右侧(H35)滑坡饱水工况推力计算表K92+070~K92+270右侧(H35)滑坡天然工况推力计算表K92+070~K92+270右侧(H35)滑坡天然工况推力计算表P1i 当Fst=1.10时119.92109.7085.5078.210.710.7573.91297.7555.18222.290.75254.3384.41442.9264.94340.800.77649.5896.23528.0675.33413.380.781123.10148.07724.87120.69590.850.821727.90189.97622.91165.24541.810.872114.48210.16516.56186.72458.950.892428.10251.76202.05237.11190.290.942261.09285.36161.75269.96153.020.952143.50377.31128.55358.57122.160.951897.96368.1383.51350.5879.530.951617.72295.71100.48281.1195.520.951435.44100.33-34.0497.03-32.920.971273.11188.82-63.59182.62-61.500.971014.34207.730.00200.020.000.96811.13146.69-14.61141.54-14.100.96646.67186.74-123.46184.05-121.680.99310.5467.55-25.2766.72-24.960.99214.540.000.000.000.00211.90P1i 当Fst=1.20时123.24164.9599.02132.540.8074.70117.55341.4698.55286.270.84363.8080.37222.8770.78196.290.88533.37150.63325.99138.40299.540.92751.81140.26232.40132.30219.210.94870.98209.97310.61199.65295.350.951026.76222.70242.59215.71234.970.971076.39317.44210.73313.09207.840.99992.49319.93167.69317.10166.200.99868.94341.83187.75338.57185.960.99753.00323.60149.81321.33148.760.99607.25220.8082.53219.7882.14 1.00484.0490.5128.6390.1828.53 1.00427.38130.5135.46130.1035.35 1.00339.2368.3315.2368.1415.18 1.00289.08Ti 计算表Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏Ψj Ri Ri Ti 1.130根据岩土工程勘察规范(GB50021-94)滑坡推力(k 滑坡推力(k Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏Ψj Fs Fs 1.03040.08 6.2039.98 6.18 1.00256.3483.48 5.0283.30 5.01 1.00178.780.000.00P1i 当Fst=1.10时480.64268.71308.10172.250.64-185.0680.5580.4453.6253.550.67-170.27416.20484.41290.23337.790.70-45.89221.18271.66163.77201.150.7434.42126.45148.0195.34111.600.7570.17300.56338.34230.44259.410.77140.62152.86167.30118.58129.770.78170.16850.74945.73666.02740.380.78358.17658.11742.35521.93588.730.79512.03411.90461.42329.00368.560.80604.06651.21709.46529.03576.340.81723.11632.19592.13536.91502.890.85710.8386.3068.8675.6160.330.88678.53637.90395.29579.11358.860.91451.74450.88174.36425.55164.560.94175.4247.379.7145.249.270.95136.6991.587.0787.67 6.770.9652.550.000.000.000.00 1.000.000.000.000.000.000.00P1i 当Fst=1.20时339.30549.76242.91393.580.72320.41285.32951.03212.21707.320.741164.33307.241057.66238.97822.640.782075.33570.411707.37465.741394.070.823455.36670.871644.31571.621401.040.854613.491300.132435.411156.282165.940.896042.361656.272124.161541.041976.380.936668.362312.721890.872228.121821.700.966396.332779.541500.522730.021473.780.985295.20根据岩土工程勘察规范(GB50021-94)∏Ψj Fs Ri Ti 滑坡推力(k 1.089Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏Ψj Fs 滑坡推力(k Ri Ti Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj1301.16584.941285.26577.790.994666.01998.91410.20988.98406.130.994148.571385.37506.351374.68502.440.993361.521025.14320.661019.47318.890.992713.78722.48192.40719.58191.62 1.002218.06369.5679.35368.3779.09 1.001941.94180.1122.10179.5822.03 1.001787.780.000.000.000.00 1.001782.550.000.000.000.00 1.001782.550.000.000.000.001782.55P1i 当Fst=1.10时179.48116.19132.6685.880.74-51.67343.34593.27257.64445.190.75258.37760.891658.91605.521320.160.801307.54815.241405.11710.341224.320.871924.571135.481492.581038.501365.100.912339.901686.431844.761578.751726.970.942628.811134.261027.981081.72980.370.952577.022285.121546.152226.191506.280.971938.361141.65582.001127.45574.760.991410.70633.31301.03625.11297.130.991109.26393.11198.83386.51195.490.98939.17566.18304.28554.41297.960.98711.56352.72183.06344.44178.770.98562.16171.7264.39167.5462.830.98461.770.000.000.000.00 1.000.000.000.000.000.000.00P1i 当Fst=1.20时258.30480.73170.42317.160.66318.57280.47739.37230.57607.840.82862.441.075根据岩土工程勘察规范(GB50021-94)滑坡推力(k 1.056Ri Ti Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏Ψj Fs Ri Ti 滑坡推力(k Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏Ψj FsP1i当Fst=1.10时102.8678.8078.1759.880.76-6.83251.08617.90198.78489.170.79422.05320.04864.03271.96734.250.851023.5990.44255.5319.8756.150.221214.22775.441771.66177.58405.720.232338.5089.81177.9281.01160.500.902401.71935.351495.26861.131376.620.923062.711184.76950.141151.04923.100.972762.69847.07364.66839.28361.300.992263.03193.9365.07192.8964.720.992131.90383.56105.83382.43105.52 1.001859.62146.7631.62146.6631.60 1.001743.471101.5176.881109.1377.41 1.01713.36260.1446.29260.3246.32 1.00508.57128.5119.50128.1019.44 1.00403.500.000.000.000.00 1.000.000.000.000.000.00 1.000.000.000.000.000.00 1.000.000.000.000.000.00 1.000.000.000.000.000.00 1.000.000.000.000.000.000.00根据岩土工程勘察规范(GB50021-94)表FsRi Ti 1.201滑坡推力(kRi*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏ΨjP1i当Fst=1.20时551.581741.67363.631148.210.661364.26955.204331.23654.512967.760.695121.751766.276545.941290.564782.930.7310237.283285.757826.722646.486303.950.8114610.593954.295333.863475.504688.020.8815302.09487.74503.64438.42452.720.9015028.344519.364078.164097.733697.690.9114865.42572.860.00567.900.000.9913023.374490.152193.664347.972124.190.9711255.741054.15381.881029.82373.070.9810522.688342.331819.628233.401795.860.994075.122262.43239.982250.50238.720.992044.781144.98173.561135.49172.130.991096.94238.680.00239.350.00 1.00846.14733.490.00735.530.00 1.00112.65332.650.00333.570.00 1.00-219.99250.8220.10250.1720.05 1.00-449.90128.070.00128.500.00 1.00-575.30219.290.00220.030.00 1.00-794.59887.2616.44888.9016.47 1.00-1664.96266.120.00267.020.00 1.00-1928.53188.815.46188.815.46-2117.85P1i当Fst=1.20时591.931547.17381.59997.380.641264.68963.673847.54647.202584.010.674867.291735.095814.921247.134179.600.729790.693188.806952.672539.465536.890.8013991.093821.394738.203336.384136.830.8714626.25471.06447.40421.24400.080.8914346.054364.593622.733939.303269.730.9014196.42553.140.00548.440.000.9912369.744338.151948.684191.651882.870.9710693.611018.51339.23993.46330.890.989981.568065.541616.417953.521593.960.993747.36滑坡推力(k1.284Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏ΨjFsRi Ti 表1.167Ri Fs表滑坡推力(kTi Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏Ψj2189.81213.182177.65212.000.991781.971109.77154.181100.00152.820.99863.05231.630.00232.330.00 1.00621.23712.940.00715.100.00 1.00-91.70324.180.00325.170.00 1.00-415.88245.3017.85244.6217.80 1.00-642.20125.880.00126.330.00 1.00-763.98217.180.00217.960.00 1.00-981.16886.7514.61888.5114.63 1.00-1851.96268.410.00269.390.00 1.00-2117.33197.434.85197.434.85-2316.65P1i当Fst=1.20时1090.662616.421046.742511.060.962049.051269.795051.42950.963783.060.756751.502937.425663.971905.423674.060.659127.78704.02444.37454.66286.980.657735.294180.752332.272632.351468.480.636319.172720.09644.301712.67405.680.634213.94746.35166.85473.64105.880.633667.811265.46393.33799.53248.510.632903.32285.7371.02180.5344.870.632690.02866.67197.42549.81125.240.632060.25569.71124.92348.0076.300.611648.8966.43-1.8740.580.000.611521.1984.33-1.3251.500.000.611436.860.000.000.000.000.001.284Ri Ti 表滑坡推力(k0.876Ri*∏Ψj Ti*∏Ψj ∏ΨjFs0.00 0.00 0.000.00P2i当Fst=1.20时11.72294.580.97028732.930.982891257.830.9603931929.780.9371232365.950.9789842725.940.9433742562.280.9955072459.510.9955072225.400.9979061952.83 1.001791781.190.982891609.5411344.42 1.0044541142.670.997906976.060.978984620.660.997906521.490.9876880.00P2i当Fst=1.30时91.200.9584413.750.951892603.210.958525851.350.974119991.180.991991177.070.9817121248.210.9820391182.290.9951241074.58 1.000678977.560.997436846.210.997639730.700.998938676.630.999556591.920.999724543.220.999687力(kN/m)力(kN/m)511.020.999578433.860.9978630.0010.00力(kN/m)P2i当Fst=1.20时-158.190.962992-136.350.95459434.930.941767137.700.982053186.400.983396288.750.988416333.310.990838614.390.98714839.200.992891975.040.983221158.820.9565311186.810.969391146.820.965054943.190.961864665.570.988309622.080.997585537.470.9573070.0010.00力(kN/m)P2i当Fst=1.30时375.390.9625891312.350.9562322322.630.9525873861.680.9582765167.290.958066816.470.9558577620.710.9657577505.160.9808936532.900.9943415955.190.9976915475.800.9977574736.410.9977974117.700.9984863639.110.9991993369.780.9997063217.400.9970750.0010.0010.00力(kN/m)P2i当Fst=1.20时-40.050.984969329.140.9429541540.160.9133122277.550.9527012825.430.9769673287.640.981623326.530.9789272826.690.9864792345.22 1.0005282074.38 1.0038781927.91 1.0041091734.80 1.0027391606.50 1.0008911513.490.9756610.0010.00力(kN/m)P2i当Fst=1.30时366.650.802522974.960.9225671449.720.9700131761.990.9720871861.160.9879291824.950.9986541788.880.9969161712.260.9956441639.910.9974331609.360.9941661404.730.9915741314.650.9939581191.390.987421962.240.9999990.0010.00力(kN/m)P2i当Fst=1.20时-8.300.959871482.430.9316071166.240.9999971382.420.959562677.070.9817392751.890.9798293555.350.9476283324.550.9805582850.430.996122723.520.9975892460.400.997762346.070.9924411319.09 1.0062241122.70 1.0039221021.990.9967780.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.00力(kN/m)P2i当Fst=1.30时1538.420.9621365722.440.93776911455.190.9071716498.110.91639917565.190.9777817291.530.99138117516.920.91462115448.48 1.02376513957.850.99120613239.220.989856946.050.9921744917.24 1.003043995.480.9889563712.6712979.1912646.54 1.0054242434.190.9940562291.6512072.35 1.0014931207.920.99847939.95 1.00338760.870.999903力(kN/m)P2i当Fst=1.30时1419.390.9598655400.550.93437310870.450.90256115660.900.91213816623.170.97634316340.470.99077716534.720.91029114498.27 1.02616113072.690.9905912372.180.9891456273.670.9916224308.43 1.0032733413.200.9881943141.2712428.3412104.16 1.0058491894.370.9936311756.4311539.25 1.001606673.970.998357404.45 1.00364214.790.999903力(kN/m)P2i当Fst=1.30时2310.690.9563417506.860.78033610283.610.8661548780.850.9955937593.360.9749485520.6314991.19 1.0078984276.480.9955934064.2313454.21 1.0041023061.060.9628382880.8712796.550.9998480.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.001 0.001 0.001 0.001。
气缸推力计算公式
气缸理论输出力计算公式:F:气缸理论输出力(KGF)
F’:效率为85%(KGF)-(F’=F×85%)时的输出力d:筒体直径(mm)P:工作压力(KGF/cm2)
例:当气缸直径为340mm,工作压力为3kgf/cm2时,理论输出力是多少?输出力是多少?
连接P和D,找到F和F'上的点,得到:F=2800kgf;F'=2300 kgf
在工程设计中,可以根据工作压力和理论推力或张力从经验表1-1中选择气缸直径。
例如:有一个气缸,工作压力为5kgf/cm2,推出时推力为132kgf(气缸效率为85%)。
问题:所选圆柱体的直径是多少?
按汽缸推力132kgf,效率85%计算汽缸理论推力F=F'/85%=155(KGF)
根据5kgf/cm2的工作压力和气缸的理论推力,发现直径为63的气缸可以满足要求。
2气缸的理论参考转速为u=1920xs/a(mm/s),其中s是排气回路的总有效面积,a 是排气侧活塞的有效面积
空气消耗量:当气缸往复运动一个行程时,气缸内的空气消耗量以及气缸与换向阀之间的管路的空气消耗量(在标准大气压下)
2最大耗气量:气缸活塞以最大速度运动时,单位时间(标准大气压下)的耗气量气缸最大耗气量:q=活塞面积×活塞速度×绝对压力。
通常的公式是:q=0.046d?V (P+0.1)Q——标准工况下气缸最大耗气量(L/min)d——气缸直径(CM)V——气缸最高转速(mm/s)P——用压力计算用气量和燃气管道流量的方法(MPA)。
根据气缸推力拉力的大小要求,选定气缸使用压力参数以及缸径尺寸
气缸推力计算公式:气缸推力F仁n D2P
气缸拉力计算公式F2=n(D2-d2)P
公式式中:D-气缸活塞直径(cm
d-气缸活塞杆直径(cm)
P-气缸的工作压力(kgf/cm2 )
F1, F2-气缸的理论推拉力(kgf)
上述出力计算适用于气缸速度50~500mm/S勺范围内
气缸以上下垂直形式安装使用,向上的推力约为理论计算推力的50% 气缸横向水平使用时,考虑惯性因素,实际出力与理论出力基本相等
为了避免用户选用时的有关计算,下附双作用气缸输出力换算表,用户可根
据负载、工作压力、动作方向从表格中选择合适的缸径尺寸
双作用气缸输出力表单位Kgf
选定气缸的行程:确定工作的移动距离,考虑工况可选择满行程或预留行程。
当行程超过推荐的最长行程时,要考虑活塞杆的刚度,可以选择支撑导向或选择特殊气缸。
选定气缸缓冲方式:根据需要选择缓冲形式,无缓冲气缸,固定缓冲气缸,可调缓冲气缸
选择润滑方式:有给油润滑气缸,无给油润滑气缸
选择气缸系列:根据以上条件,按需选择适当系列的气缸
选择气缸的安装形式:根据不同的用途和安装需要,选用适当的安装形式
气缸附件的选择:前(后)法兰,脚架,单(双)悬耳,中间铰轴式, 铰轴支座式。