2017学年度上海市普陀区曹杨二中第二学期高一年级期中考试英语试卷

上海市曹杨二中2022学年度第二学期高一年级期中考试英语试卷考生注意:1、答卷前,考生务必将姓名、班级、学号等在指定位置填写清楚。

2、本试卷共有96道试卷,满分140分,考试时间120分钟。

请考生用黑色水笔或钢笔将答案直接写在答题卷上。

I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.He will call Pete before he goes home. B.He will call Pete after he gets home.C.He called Pete at home.D.He will call Pete tomorrow.2.A.She forgot her brother’s birthday. B.She does not have very much money.C.She needs a gift for her brother.D.Her brother did not like the present.3.A.This is the last one. B.The longer style is better.C.You should buy cheaper things.D.It might not be of good quality.4.A.Of course he likes to ski. B.Naturally he skis well.C.He likes flying better.D.He prefers bird-watching.5.A.The man will take a picture of the woman.B.The woman will show the man how to use the camera.C.The woman will take the camera to a repair shop.D.The man will lend the woman his camera.6.A.$780. B.$1,560. C.$390. D.$78.7.A.He doesn’t like the idea of bringing a camera. ing a camera with sound is a bad idea.C.He doesn’t like the sound of the camera.D.He’d like to take some pictures.8.A.He is satisfied. B.He is impatient. C.He is tired. D.He is amused.9.A.He didn’t know whether it was time to go.B.He’s surprised that it’s so nice outside.C.He was expecting the call to last longer.D.He doesn’t consider the weather to be good.10.A.They will probably not go to dinner.B.They are not interested in each other.C.They will probably make a date soon.D.They will have some free time soon.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.Writing. B.Singing. C.Fishing. D.Reading12.A.He was too young. B.He couldn’t see very well.C.He had a talent for writing.D.He was from a doctor’s family.13.A.The Sun Also Rises. B.A Farewell to Arms.C.For Whom the Bell Tolls.D.The Old Man and the Sea.Question14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.For the Olympic Games. B.For a victory of the spirit.C.For the national championship.D.For the world championship.15.A.In her match against Esther. B.In the final selection match.C.In the Sydney Olympic Games.D.In the last match before the finals.16.A.She knew Kay was a better wrestler. B.She thought she was a real champion.C.She did it for a reward.D.She was her friend.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.She was away on holiday. B.She was visiting her mother.C.She was at the corner.D.She was staying at home.18.A.He with be out of the hospital in two or three days. B.He is seriously injured.C.He is dying in the hospital.D.His condition is unknown.19.A.Her father was careless while driving.B.The mad bus driver was going too fast.C.The road was slippery.D.Someone tried to pass between her father’s car and a bus.20.A.In an office. B.In a hospital.C.In a doctor’s clinic.D.At the police station.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1.You can find taxis waiting at the bus station________you can hire to reach your destination.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as2.That land,________you get your strength,is the only thing________matters.A.for which;/B.from which;thatC.where;whichD.that;but3.I didn’t mean________anything,but these apples looked so good that I couldn’t resist________one.A.to eat;tryingB.to eat;to tryC.eating;to tryD.eating;trying4.Big companies usually have a lot of branch offices________in different parts of the world.A.to have operatedB.be operatedC.operatingD.having operated.5._______as an Olympic event,a sport must be played in at least75countries on at least4continents.A.To acceptB.Having acceptedC.To be acceptedD.Accepting6.—What was the party like?—Wonderful.It’s been years_______I enjoyed myself that much.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since7.Now that we________all the money,it’s no use turning on me and saying it’s all my fault.A.had lostB.lostC.have lostD.lose8.Although she wants her paintings________in the gallery,we don’t think they will be popular because they are quite unconventional and not what most people expect________in a gallery.A.displayed;seeingB.to display;to seeC.displaying;to be seeingD.displayed;to see9.—You’ve agreed to go.So why aren’t you getting ready?—But I________that you________me to start at once.A.don’t realize;wantB.don’t realize;wantedC.haven’t realized;wantD.didn’t realize;wanted10.It was three weeks________she realized that she was the subject of a practical joke________her friends had beenplanning for months.A.since;whichB.that;thatC.until;whichD.before;thatSection BDirections:Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs,relative pronouns or adverbs,or conjunctions.Delivering Food by DroneA Singapore restaurant plans to use drones(无人机)to transport food and drinks____11____the kitchen to a wait station near customers’tables.Infinium Robotics,the Singapore company that’s developing the drones for restaurant chain Timbre,has spent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each night for business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.But how does the drone know where to land?What if someone bumps into the drone or is standing in its way?"There’s no chance at all____12____it will hit anything,"says Infinium Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.The drones automatically charge while____13____(wait)in the kitchen.____14____the chef puts an order on the drone,he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations.Sense-and-avoid technology____15____(build)into the drone won’t allow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way.The drones ____16____(equip)with sonar and an infrared sensor,too.A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button____17____sends it back to the kitchen.The drones,weighing a little over five pounds,____18____carry just over four pounds of food.Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as much food."Its job is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks,"Woon said."If they let the robots do the job,they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about____19____(high)customer satisfaction and dining experience."Since it drew recent media attention,Woon_____20_____(hear)from resorts and restaurants in10countries, including the United States.Section C(A)Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.appealingB.approachesC.illustrationsD.remainder E.affectedF.sacrificesG.permanentH.permitI.servedJ.revealedK.hit21.Tired of the constant moving and lack of stability,the family decided to make their home in a small town and after months of searching they finally found the perfect________residence.22.It is important to remember that when pursuing dreams,it’s okay to reassess priorities and make adjustments as needed because________shouldn’t come at the expense of one’s well-being.23.The children’s book was full of colorful________that brought the story to life and captured the reader’s imagination, providing endless hours of entertainment for both children and adults alike.24.Receiving positive reviews from critics and earning high ratings,his new series is a smash________and has become incredibly popular with audiences.25.The investigation________that the company’s financial statements were inaccurate,which led to a loss of investor confidence and a decline in stock prices.26.A valid work________,without which one may face legal consequences such as fines or deportation,is a must for any foreign national who wants to apply for a job in this cosmopolitan city.27.Boasting a cozy atmosphere and friendly service,the new restaurant has a(n)________menu that features a variety of dishes from different regions,making it a great place to enjoy a meal with friends and family.28.The company’s new policy________the interests of its shareholders by increasing profits,but it came at the expense of its employees who had to face pay cuts and layoffs.29.As a professional graphic designer,I always strive to produce high-quality designs and I believe that my attention to details and creative________set me apart from others in the industry.30.After distributing the cookies evenly among the children,there was still some left,so they decided to dividethe________among themselves based on who had been the most helpful during the day.(B)Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.addressesB.announceC.estimatedD.publisherE.claimsF.authoritativeG.unconfirmedH.sourcesI.literacyJ.spotK.intentionWith so much fake news online,it can sometimes be hard to figure out the truth.Concern about the phenomenon led some tech companies to____31____that they’ll crack down on fake news sites.Fake news is a(n)common occurrence—you see it on your social media feeds,and even on forwarded messages on your phone’s group chat.There’s always one person in your group who likes to send____32____news from what can only be described as doubtful origins.It was even named2017’s word of the year by dictionary____33____,Collins,which describes fake news as“false, often sensational,information spread under the guise of news reporting”.Here’s our advice on how to____34____a fake.First,check the website and quality of the articles.Look at the____35____of the story and read other articles on the site—are they well written with proper citations or are they full of grammatical errors?You should also make sure that you’re on a legal news site.Some fake sites use____36____and even logos that are similar to those of real news organizations.For example, is real,while .co is not.Second,is it the whole truth and nothing but the truth?Sometimes a fake news story can have a sliver of truth to it,but most of the facts and figures are plotted from imagination.To make sure,search for the same story on several____37____ websites to ensure nothing has been misrepresented.Third,make sure it’s not satire(讽刺).If the story is on a satirical website,you should be aware that the____38____is humour and satire,and not misledBeing able to detect fake news is a crucial part of digital____39____and is an important aspect of life in the digital age.However,not all of the misinformation being passed along online is completely fictional,though some of it is.Snopes. com has been exposing false viral____40____since the mid-1990s,whether that’s fabricated(编造的)messages, distortions containing bits of truth and everything in between.Founder David Mikkelson warned in a Nov.17article not to sort everything into the“fake news”category.In one word,stay alert and objective.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Your Accomplishments and YouAn interview requires that you show your qualifications,skills,and job experience.Discussing your accomplishments during an interview is a typical requirement and a great way to____41____yourself from other candidates.Your individual personal achievements tell the hiring managers what you value and allow your____42____to come through in unique ways. Personal achievements are a powerful source of information to discuss because they provide____43____and often quantifiable(可以计量的)information about your skills.Tips for explaining your personal achievementsWhen explaining your personal achievements,it is best to give a(n)____44____that relates to your job performance, duties,or specific industry.Keep the following in mind when providing an employer with some quality examples of your own personal achievements:Be specific.When discussing your personal accomplishments,be specific and give____45____information to help the interviewer____46____the importance of your achievement.You can consider using the STAR interview technique.STARis an acronym that stands for situation,task,action,and result.It provides a framework for your____47____when you are asked about your achievement.Use____48____verbs.The key here is to use language that shows your devotion rather than just telling them your ____49____.You can consider saying something like,“I stayed late at work for three weeks and____50____10overtime hours to creating a campaign strategy that met all of our client’s requirements,”rather than,“I worked hard to come up with a campaign strategy.”These action verbs express your____51____to your job and can help an interviewer have a better understanding of your devotion to quality work.Have an assertive(肯定的)tone.When explaining your personal achievements,be sure to make eye contact and speak ____52____and directly.Having a(n)____53____tone will express confidence and show your strong communication skills.Include numbers and data when possible.Prepare to explain your steps.A smart interviewer will probably have some____54____questions and want to further know about your process.Showing that you consistently take steps to____55____your skills is a characteristic of a growth mindset and shows a potential employer that you are a good candidate.41.A.isolate B.distinguish C.choose D.keep42.A.opponents B.candidates C.sufferings D.strengths43.A.concrete B.subtle C.adequate D.unrealistic44.A.presentation B.example C.speech D.listtest B.limited C.detailed D.public46.A.stress B.doubt C.acquire D.visualize47.A.response B.employment C.experience D.discussion48.A.beautiful B.regular C.special D.action49.A.ambition B.requirement C.failures D.struggle50.A.spared B.utilized C.wasted D.dedicated51.A.key B.access mitment D.approach52.A.freely B.eagerly C.quickly D.clearly53.A.gentle B.positive C.warm D.deep54.A.urgent B.key C.leading D.follow-up55.A.demonstrate B.assess C.sharpen D.learnSection BDirections:Read the following four passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)After bouncing my rental car across several miles of red-dirt roads,I walked for nearly another mile down the beach to a deserted valley.It was comforting to think that at the very least I was finally out of cell-phone range.However,even on Kauai,Hawaii’s‘Garden Island’,complete escape wasn’t all that easy to achieve.Noisy helicopters full of tourists flew overhead like so many dragonflies.Every20minutes or so the comforting sounds of wind and water were broken by the noise of a speeding tour boat racing to complete another lap around the island.Worst of all,not more than five minutes by car from the resort where I was staying,the Atomic Clock Internet Cafe signaled with promises of instant email.I felt uncomfortable every time I drove by the Atomic Clock Cafe.I am a technology reporter for an online magazine—my life is driven and dominated by email.I’m drowned in it,usually400or500messages a day.The main reason for my visit to Kauai was to unplug,disconnect,log off,and get away from it all.No cell phone,no electronic organizer,no laptop.And definitely,no email.Yes,my plan was to lie on the beach and not check my email.My friends and family were outraged as they could not understand how I could bear to live without email.But they didn’t understand.In my job,I am online,all the time. Cyberspace is more familiar to me than my backyard.While I am awake,my email is always on.I don’t like-to be-without it for too long.A few hours away from it,and I start to tremble.I am,however,no stranger to beaches and their relaxing qualities and so I knew,even when arriving well after dark at the comfortable cottage in the town of Waimea,that the island of Kauai gave me a good chance of beating my addiction to electronic devices.Maybe it was full moon lighting the black-sand beach not10metes from my door.Or the mango trees casting shadows across the veranda(阳台).Or the driftwood piled in loose heaps for as far as I could see along the shore.Without question, the long,slow sound of the waves rolling in calmed my restless soul,and I found I could,in fact,log off.56.Why did the writer come to Kauai?A.To get away from the modern technology.B.To work for the Atomic Clock Internet Cafe.C.To write reports on technological development.D.1o find whether there is an alternative to email.57.What can we learn about the writer?A.He wrote articles about resorts around the world.B.He enjoyed beach activities like boat racing.C.He was eager to work in his backyard.D.He spent much time working online.58.The word“outraged”(paragraph4)is closest in meaning to“________”A.relievedB.shockedC.amusedD.disappointed59.The writer described the scenery in the last paragraph in order to________.A.argue against his friends’doubt of KauaiB.propose a possible destination of his tripC.highlight the beauty of the beach of KauaiD.show Kauai produced a relaxing atmosphere(B)Self-driving CapabilitiesSensor and camera-equipped models from Audi and Volkswagen,among others, don’t just automatically brake to prevent minor accidents;they can actually navigate （行驶）around highway traffic and into garages without a human at the wheel.Attractive DashboardsIn addition to Ford’s new Sync system, which better understands voice commands, Apple and Google have partnered with automakers to create interfaces（界面）as user-friendly as the ones on your smartphone.Smarter HeadlightsAudi’s and BMW’s ultra-bright laser headlights can detect oncoming cars and dim slightly to avoid disturbing their drivers.One problem:they’re not yet legal in the U.S.Self-parking SkillsThe new model of BMW’s all-electric can find its own spot in a parking lot,then send signals via a smart-watch app to contact its drivers.60.In terms of Self-driving Capabilities,what makes Audi and Volkswagen stand out?A.Braking when sensing red lights.B.Going into garages without a driver.C.Stopping other cars on highway.D.Taking photos with a camera.61.Which of the cars can adjust the headlights in order not to upset drivers in oncoming cars?A.Ford and Volkswagen.B.Audi and BMW.C.Audi and Volkswagen.D.BMW and Ford.62.In which section of a car magazine does the article most probably appear?A.First Drive.B.Cars For Rent.C.Instrumental Tests.D.Smart Tech.(C)“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,”says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from his lab at Texas A&M University.“It’s a stupid endeavor.”That’s an interesting choice of adjective,coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone as13-year-old dog named Missy.So far,he and his team have not succeed,though they have cloned two cows and expect to clone a cat soon.They just might succeed in cloning Missy this spring—or perhaps not for another five years.It seems the reproductive system of man’s best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.Westhusin’s experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning.In three years of work on the Missy project,he and the A&M team has failed over and over again.The wastage of eggs and the many fetuses(胎) may be acceptable when you’re dealing with cats or bulls,he argues,but not with humans.“Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,”he says.Even so,dog cloning is a commercial opportunity,with a nice research payoff.Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in1997,Westhusin’s phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs,cattle and horses.“A lot of people want to clone pets,especially if the price is right,”says Westhusin.Cost is no obstacle for Missy’s mysterious billionaire owner;he’s put up$3.7million so far to fund A&M’s research.Contrary to some media reports,Missy is not dead.The owner wants a twin to carry on Missy’s fine qualities after she does die.The prototype is,by all accounts,athletic,good-natured and super-smart.Missy’s master does not expect an exact copy of her.He knows her clone may not have her temperament.In a statement of purpose,Missy’s owner and the A&M team say they are“both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”Besides cloning a great dog,the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs.nurture.It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals.However,Westhusin is cautious about his work.He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant,the offspring,should they survive,will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals:abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems.“Why would you ever want to clone humans,”Westhusin asks,“when we’re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”63.By cloning Missy,Mark Westhusin and A&M team attempt to________.A.figure out the possibility of human cloningB.find out the differences between Missy and its cloneC.study why the prototype,Missy,is so athletic and smartD.show their love for lovely Missy since it has passed away64.It can be seen from the passage that dog cloning_________.A.was conducted long before the sheep cloningB.has gained an unexpected cold response from the societyC.has posed a great financial challenge to WesthusinD.can generate an enormous wealth of economic returns65.What is Westhusin’s attitude towards what he is doing?A.Careful.B.Optimistic.C.Passive.D.Indifferent.66.What can be learned from the passage?A.Current cloning techniques have proved quite adequate for human cloning.B.The outcome of Westhusin’s dog cloning project remains uncertain.C.Dangerous as it is,cloning is an incredibly efficient method.D.Westhusin thought it an interesting attempt to clone human beings.(D)When asked in1993to comment on accusations that the movie In the Name of the Father distorts（曲解）contemporary British and Irish history,female lead Emma Thompson responded that she couldn't care less.Even since the premiere（首映）in1915of The Birth of a Nation,filmmakers have rewritten history to create top-dollar entertainment. The films are very persuasive:well-made movies hold your interest continuously,drawing your attention to“what happens next,”and pulling you forward with no time to reflect on individual scenes until the final credits roll.The result:you don't remember much about a movie after watching it for the first time.For this reason,movies have extraordinary power-unmatched by any other medium-to leave you with a strong sense of what is right and what is wrong,who is bad and who is good,even though critical details presented in the movies may be false.Well,so what?They're just movies.In fact they're not just lions of Americans are devoted history lovers, and they pack theatres every time new movies about historical figures or events come to town.Saving private Ryan and Titanic drew viewers and cash for months.Many high school teachers screen movies in the classroom.Clearly countless Americans get most of their history from television and the big screen.Some of the industry's finest historical and period films premiered during the past decades.But the1960s also saw a number of politically charged history-based movies full of factual distortions and,occasionally,outright lies.Today the trend continues on a larger scale:many movies released in the1990s and the first decade of the21*t century reflect lack of respect for solid,reliable history.History Goes to the Movies is a source of information and,it is hoped,entertainment for everyone interested in the actual history behind a wide selection of movies grouped into twelve sections--11covering historical periods and events and twelfth containing biographies and period films.Each movie review includes an essay on the history covered in one or more movies,and a brief plot summary.Star ratings(five stars:don't miss it)reflect each movie's historical accuracy and-to amuch lesser extent---its power to amuse.Obviously,expecting textbook accuracy from movies would be ridiculous-and producers have delivered a remarkable number of historically faithful movies.But some of them get too much of their history wrong.History Goes to the Movies isa guide,however imperfect,for readers and viewers aiming to get it right.67.Emma Thompson said________that In the Name of the Father was historically inaccurate.A.it didn't matter.B.it was upsetting.C.It aroused her attention.D.it wasn't obvious.68.By“in fact they're not just movies”(in paragraph2),the author means that________.A.some movies are much more profitable than othersB.movies serve more purposes than entertaining viewsC.movies tend to provide viewers with false detailsD.the movies about historical figures attract history lovers69.Which of the following is true of History Goes to the Movies?A.It is aimed at those who take interest in biographies.B.It rates a movie mainly according to how amusing it is.C.It introduces a movie's story as well as its related history.D.It focuses on the movies that presented history in a funny way.70.The passage is mainly intended to________.A.criticize the film industry's favoring entertainment over truthB.point out which films presented history in a wrong way.C.call on film directors to show respect for historyD.introduce a book involving history-based filmsⅣ.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.71.我能想到大多数老师的两个共同点：他们致力于教学，热爱学生。

上海市曹杨第二中学2018-2019学年高一英语测试题含解析一、选择题1. She didn’t come to his birthday party just ______his words to her the day before.A. becauseB. because ofC. as result ofD. thanks for参考答案：B2. China is situated in one of_____ most active earthquake regions in _____ world.A.the,theB.a,aC.the,aD.a,the参考答案：A3. Tom, you ________ leave all your clothes on the floor like this next time.A. mustn’tB. wouldn’tC. needn’tD. may not参考答案：A略4. There were violent winds of 120 kilometers per hour or more in a hurricane, ____ huge waves, heavy rain and floods.A.causingB. to causeC. causedD. having caused参考答案：A5. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up __________I could answer the phone.A. asB. sinceC. beforeD. until参考答案：C解析：before在这里的意思是"在……之前"。

6. ---Are you content with Ang Lee’s new film Life of Pi? ---Not a little. It couldn’t be _______ .A. the bestB. any betterC. any worseD. so bad参考答案：B7. Recently I bought a second—hand car_____ was very low.A．which price B．the price of which C．its price D．the price of whose参考答案：B【考点】定语从句【试题解析】分析句子，这是一个定语从句，根据句意，可知句意是这辆车的价钱很低，在关系代词which指代的是先行词car，放在介词前。

IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情的) when they’re in poorly lit places-and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.Don’t forget the clock or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories（卡路里）per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.【答案】House design may affect your figure. Four ways can help to control your diet. Dark light makes you eat more, so you should keep your room bright. Besides, decorating with cold colors can reduce your food-intake. Moreover, you can eat slowly with relaxing music. Finally, smaller tableware also reduces your appetite.(51 words)【分析】本篇文章第一段写房屋的设计方式会影响一个人的饮食摄入。

2017-2018学年上海市曹杨二中高一上学期英语期末考试卷一、单项选择1. Sorry, I got up late this morning. I have set the alarm clock before I went to bed last night.A. mightB. shouldC. mustD. would2. Jenny had just walked out of the classroom she heard her desk-mate calling her that she had left her mobile phone on the desk.A. whileB. whenC. asD. since3. with serious employment difficulties, China has to enlarge employment opportunities and spare no effort to ensure economic growth and social stability.A. FacedB. FacingC. To faceD. Having faced4. He was just about to sit down when he felt something near his feet.A. movesB. movingC. to moveD. moved5. How can you expect to be a good speaker you never dare to speak in public?A. in caseB. even ifC. unlessD. if6. doesn’t matter is whether she will join in our activity or not. We have enough members.A. ItB. WhatC. ThatD. Which7. The patient, Mr. Berkey, agreed to an operation without of its seriousness or the risks involved.A. having been informedB. informingC. having informedD. informed8. Whatever we do, we will make it, as long as we take the passion we should have to achieve our goals.A. whenB. whatC. whichD. where9. Is this the best way you thought of people getting into the dangerous areas?A. to stopB. stoppingC. stoppedD. to have stopped10. A free gift will be given to completes the questionnaire before the activity begins.A. whomeverB. whomC. whoeverD. who11. You be hungry already – you had a big cake only half an hour ago.A. wouldn’tB. can’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t12. You can’t move in right now. The library .A. has paintedB. is paintedC. is being paintedD. is painting13. Storm chasing is so dangerous that some chasers are often hurt in accidents by driving in a heavy rain.A. having causedB. causedC. to be causedD. causing14. different kinds of fires, several types of fire extinguisher have been invented.A. ExtinguishedB. To extinguishC. ExtinguishingD. Having extinguished15. I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas.A. WhatB. WhetherC. ThatD. Which16. Taylor’s popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, shegot very high pay for her movies.A. ifB. thoughC. soD. unless17. A new eight-kilometer road is under construction links the port area with motorway system.A. thatB. whereC. itD. as18. In societies where social roles are determined, boys usually copy the behavior oftheir fathers, and girls of their mothers.A. thatB. thoseC. oneD. the ones19. After looking through the art books here, I found Andrew’s paintings to be the closest to I thought good paintings should look.A. howB. whatC. thatD. why20. several times but Mary still has no idea of how to do it properly.A. Being shownB. Having shownC. Having been shownD. I’ve shown her21. He was not here. Since he had already had his papers corrected, he behind.A. needn’t have stayedB. mustn’t have stayedC. didn’t need to stayD. shouldn’t stay22. she seems to put on a smiling face every day, she hasn’t really got over the shadow of exam failure.A. BecauseB. AsC. WhetherD. Though23. No one knows prevented the fire from spreading.A. what was it thatB. what it was thatC. how it was thatD. why it was that24. The patient who had suffered from H1N1 insisted on from others immediately, holding the belief that the disease would infect others.A. having isolatedB. being isolatedC. to be isolatedD. isolating25. The English program normally attracts more than 1,000 students a year, up to half will be from abroad.A. in whichB. for whomC. with whichD. of whom二、语法填空The holiday season is supposed to be the most festive and fun time of the year,but all those plans and expectations of joy can turn tougher and more stressful thanthey sound. This is especially true for (1) of us who struggle with mental illness.The holidays break your routine. Sometimes you (2) (force) to spend timewith family you rarely see and don’t always get along with. Or maybe you’re alone when everyone else is with family. Or you’re at work and can’t be with those you love.Or you are off from work, (3) more time to think troubling thoughts. Or youare thrust into party situations that tempt your demons.When you have a routine, it’s (4)(easy) to manage whatever mental struggles you may face, and when that routine is broken, it (5) trigger thingsyou may not be ready to face. I know it has for me. It was during the holidays (6)_______ I hit a low moment and, with the help of my mother, decided to seek help formy eating disorder.Around the holidays, I often feel like I’m supposed to be everywhere, with everyone—all with the (7) (add) guilt of knowing it’s the season of giving.(8)_______ (fight) this, I’v e developed a mantra（咒语）: it’s not selfish to take timefor yourself. Take a walk in nature. Talk to a friend you trust, or a therapist. Sit out (不参加) one of the holiday gatherings in favor of some personal time. Just do (9)_______ helps you calm down and gives you a break from the stress. Download oneof the many meditation apps for your phone. I particularly like Calm and End Anxiety. Trying to spend all of your time (10) (please) everyone else is not only exhausting –it’s impossible. And you know what? If you take a little time for yourself, you will be much better company for those around you.三、选词填空A. outperformedB. comparesC. valueD. benefitsE. accidentallyF. advantagedG. trueH. effectivelyI. influenceJ. mirroredK. involveWhen young people study or take exams, the results are usually about rewarding their individual achievement.But when they get into the workplace they will be told about the importance of social skills and the need to co-operate with other people on solving problems.So, are school systems out of step with what is needed by young people?PISA, which (1) students’ abilities in reading, Maths and science, has now carried out the world’s first global tests on collaborative problem-solving skills.As might have been expected, students who are high achievers in academic tests are also likely to be better at problem solving with other people.They are likely to have the skills in interpreting information and complex reasoning that will help them with any kind of problem solving.The same holds (2) across countries. Top-performing countries in academic tests, such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Estonia, Finland and Canada, are also high performers at collaborative problem solving.Working together seems to (3) different types of ability. Five years ago, PISA carried out tests on individual problem-solving skills. These showed that boys tended to do better in most countries. But when the element of collaboration is added to the problem solving, girls (4) boys in every country. In the UK this gender gap is one of the largest.These results are (5) in students’ attitudes. Girls show more positiveattitudes towards relationships, meaning that they tend to be more interested in others’ opinions and want others to succeed. Boys, on the other hand, are more likely to seethe (6) of teamwork and how collaboration can help them work more (7)_______ and efficiently.Disadvantaged students are more likely to see the (8) of teamwork thantheir (9) peers. They tend to report that they prefer working as part of a team to working alone, and that they think teams make better decisions than individuals.The classroom environment seems to (10) how well students work together. When students have a lot of communication-intensive activities –such as taking part in class debates or arguing about science questions – they are more likelyto have positive attitudes towards collaboration.四、完形填空On a cold November afternoon, my mother and I were walking home from a pizza shop. We were dressed (1) and equipped with a rented video we had been (2) _______ to watch. I was feeling a little (3) as I was carrying our shopping,and decided to throw away something. So I started to walk towards a garbage can when I noticed a poor man walking out of the restaurant in front of us. He (4) over to another nearby garbage can and started looking through it.I suddenly felt very guilty because I was about to throw away a new drink just because it was (5) . I walked up to him and handed the drink and some snacksover to him. The man looked up (6) and took what I gave him.A huge smile (7) across his face and this caused me to feel indescribably satisfied. I felt I couldn’t be happier (8)myself, but then he said, “Wow, this ismy son’s lucky day!”With that, he thanked me happily and started off on his bike, I (9) heardhim whistling a song as he rode away.I got a warm (10) inside. I now understand what is meant by the saying “giving is getting”.Although it only (11) a little action and a few words, I gained and learnedmore in those two minutes than I did in the rest of the month. Everyone in the world needs help, everyone can (12) help and everyone will be helped by (13) _______ kindness.The image of that man’s happiness caused by my small gift appears in my mind every (14) I have the chance to do something nice.This is the (15) of charity.1. A. poorly B. coldly C. warmly D. expensively2. A. dying B. exciting C. worrying D. happy3. A. worried B. interested C. bored D. tired4. A. headed B. passed C. crossed D. took5. A. cheap B. heavy C. tasteless D. full6. A. in silence B. in surprise C. in interest D. in a hurry7. A. appeared B. spread C. went D. ran8. A. with B. to C. at D. for9. A. still B. once C. even D. ever10. A. sense B. mind C. thinking D. feeling11. A. held B. took C. called D. asked12. A. offer B. send C. show D. have13. A. showing B. expressing C. lending D. setting14. A. moment B. day C. minute D. time15. A. power B. meaning C. strength D. aim五、阅读理解(A)My six-year-old granddaughter, Caitlynd and I stopped at a Tim Horton’s shop for a blueberry cake. As we were going out the door, a young teenage boy was coming in. This young man had no hair on the sides of his head and a set of blue spiked(竖起的)hair on top of it. One of his nostrils(鼻孔)was pierced, and a ring ran through the hole and a chain went across his face and was attached to a ring he was wearing in hisear. He held a skateboard under one arm and a basketball under the other.Caitlynd, who was walking ahead of me, stopped at once when she saw the teenager. I thought he’d scared her and she’d frozen on the spot.I was wrong.My granddaughter backed up against the door and opened it as wide as it would go. Now I was face to face with the young man. I stepped aside and let him pass. His gracious response was a polite “Thank you very much”.On our way to the car, I praised Caitlynd for her manners in holding open the door for the young man. She didn’t seem to be troubled by his appearance but I wanted to make sure. If a grandmother talked about freedom of self-expression and allowing people their differences was suitable, I wanted to be ready.As it turned out, the person who needed the talk was me.The only thing Caitlynd noticed about the teenager, was the fact that his arms were full. “He would have a hard time in opening the door.”I saw the partially shaved head, the set of spiked hair, the piercings and the chain. She saw a person carrying something under each arm and heading toward a door.In the future, I hope to get down on her level and raise my sights.1. What did the author think of the young man?A. Polite.B. Uncommon.C. Frightening.D. Funny.2. Caitlynd helped the young man because .A. she was scaredB. she didn’t notice his lookC. she wanted to avoid himD. it would be difficult for him to open the door3. The underlined sentence suggests that .A. the author was ashamed of herselfB. the author didn’t know how to give a talk on freedomC. a talk on freedom was useless for the granddaughterD. people should have more freedom to express themselves4. The author intends to tell us that .A. we shouldn’t judge a person by his lookB. we should allow people more freedom to dress differentlyC. we should be more helpful and tolerant to strange dressing of the youngD. we shouldn’t be too particular about people in life(B)Last week Amazon announced Word Runner, a new tool for reading Kindle books. Word Runner is a software update that shows one word at a time, instead of words, sentences and paragraphs on one page.Opinions about Word Runner are mixed. Carmen Blyth, ph.D., and a teacher of English as a Second Language (ESL), says Word Runner is not optimal reading.In the Kindle Forums at Amazon, a commenter called CB Retriever says, “Thanks, but that absol utely will not work for me as I too do lines and blocks of text at a time – I think the last time I read word by word was back when I was learning to read.”Len Edgerly, business journalist and host of The Kindle Chronicles podcast, had a chance to try out Word Runner. In his podcast, Edgerly said that Word Runner is “a dramatically different way to read.”Dynamic PacingWord Runner uses a feature called “Dynamic Pacing” to adjust the speed around complicated words. Dynamic Pacing automatically slows the speed of Word Runner for complicated words, punctuation, and paragraph breaks. It makes changes based on the natural rhythm of your reading.BrakeYou can pause Word Runner by tapping the pause button, called Brake:Brake lets you move words forward and backward. You can go back and re-read words using Brake.AvailabilityAccording to Amazon, Word Runner will be available soon for some English-language books on the Kindle app for Android devices and on Fire tablets.Word Runner will work with select English language Kindle books from Amazon sites in all countries, says an Amazon representative.Amazon has not yet said whether Word Runner will be coming to the Kindle app for iPhone and iPad.1. In CB Retriever’s opinion, .A. Word Runner provides one with necessary information to understand what he is readingB. good reader can read four words at a timeC. Word Runner is not so practical for him as he reads lines and blocks of text at a timeD. Word Runner is “a dramatically different way to read”2. From the passage, we can draw the conclusion that .A. Word Runner will soon be available for iPhone and iPadB. Word Runner will work with all English-language books in all countriesC. Word Runner is a software which updates one word at a timeD. People will soon be able to use Word Runner to read some English-language books on Andriod devices and Fire tablets3. “Dynamic Pacing” is designed to .A. regulate the speed of readingB. quicken the speed of reading something easyC. let you move words forward and backwardD. allow you to see all of the words on a page on your screen(C)In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable, it doesn’t actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor.Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinerywhich must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it.Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the workers’ contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.To what extent more money led to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.1. Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true?A. To make jobs more varied.B. To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.C. Degree of work contribution.D. Demands for longer working hours.2. Why do workers want more money?A. Because their jobs are too boring.B. In order to enjoy more spare time.C. To make their job more interesting.D. To demand shorter working hours.3. The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers’ jobs more interesting, .A. they will want more moneyB. they will demand shorter working hoursC. more money and shorter working hours are important factorsD. more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them4. In this passage, the author tells us .A. how to make the workers more productiveB. possible factors leading to greater efficiencyC. to a certain extent more money lead to greater productivityD. how to make workers jobs more interestingA. To fight family laziness, set an example.B. Knowing how to fight laziness is important.C. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.D. With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.E. Laziness appears when you no longer feel in charge of your own mind.F. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.Lazy people will never gain anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.（1） many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more positive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. （2）__________Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. （3）__________complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. （4） be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness. Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.1. She was busy (write) out sums upon the blackboard.2. (tell) the story, the old man got more and more excited.3. You should go to your teacher (ask) about it.4. The dictionary (belong) to Jack is missing.5. Time (permit), the students will make a round trip to the nearby mountain village on Sunday afternoon.6. The bridge (build) now will be the longest and the most beautiful one in the country.7. It is the third time you (make) such a stupid mistake.8. We will have a picnic if it (not rain) tomorrow.9. The room is so dirty and it needs (clean).10. The classroom building (complete) by the end of this year.八、翻译1. 你如何解释他的失败呢？ (account)2. 科学研究成果往往被运用到现代工业。

2017学年第一学期曹二第一次月度英语教学检测II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life ,asked me the question,“Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair?”Her question was a good one, which reminded me of something I (21)______(teach) as a youngster :life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s absolutely true .One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others ,(22)______(think) that life should be fair, or that someday it will be .It’s not and it won’t.One of the nice things about surrendering (屈从)to the fact that life isn’t fair is (23)______ it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do (24)______ we can with what we have . Surrendering to this fact also keeps (25)_____ from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt a different hand ; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions; and everyone has those times (26)______ they feel unfairly treated.The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything (27)______ our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. On the contrary , it suggests that we should .When we don’t recognize or admit that life isn’t fair ,we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves .Pity ,of course ,is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing except (28)______(make) everyone feel worse. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however ,we feel sympathy for others and for ourselves. And sympathy is a heartfelt emotion that (29)______(deliver) loving-kindness to everyone it touches .The next time you find yourself (30)______(absorb) in the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact .You may be surprised that it can make you out of self-pity and into helpful action.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. NoteT wenty years ago there was a debate about whether there were specific “Asian values.” Most attention ___31__ on the doubtful claims that democracy was not among them. But a more interesting, if less noticed, argument was that traditional family values were strong in Asia than in America and Europe, and that this _32____ accounted for Asia’s economic success. In the words of Lee Kuan Yew, former prime minister of Singapore and a keen _33____ of Asia values, the Chinese family encouraged “scholarship and hard work and thrift and deferment (推迟) of present enjoyment for future gain. ”On the face of it his claim still appears __34_____. In most of Asia, marriage is widespread and illegitimacy(私生) almost unknown. In contrast, half of marriages in some western countries end in divorce, and half of all children are born outside wedlock. The recent riots across Britain, whose origin many believe lies in a __35__ of either parental guidance or filial(子女的) respect, seem to underline a profound difference between East and West.Yet marriage is changing fast in East, South-east and South Asia, even though each region has different traditions. The changes are 36______ from those that took place in the West in the second half of the 20th century. Divorce, though _37___ in so me countries, remains ___38___ rare. What’s happening in Asia is a flight from marriage.Marriage rates are falling partly because people are _39____ getting marr. Marriage ages have risen all over the world, but the increase is particularly__40___ in Asia. People there now marry even later than they do in the west.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The term "cyberspace" was coined by William Gibson ,a science fiction writer in his 1982,and expanded on it a couple of years later in a novel Neuromancer. His _41_____ creation turned out to be remarkably prescient(有先见之明). Cyberspace has become shorthand for the computing devices, networks, fiber-optic cables, and wireless links that bring the internet to billions of people around the world. The _42____ made by these technologies have brought tremendous benefits to everyone who uses the web to _43____ humanity’s collective store of knowledge every day.But there is a darker side to this extraordinary invention. Data _44____ are becoming ever bigger and more common. Last year over 800m records were lost, mainly through attacks. Among the most prominent recent _45____ has been Target, whose executive stood down from his job in May, a few months after the giant retailer _46____ that online intruders had stolen millions of digital records about its customers, including credit- and debit-cards details.The potential damage, though, extends well beyond such _47____ intrusion. Wider _48____ have been raised by the realization of a growing numbers of cyber-warriors being recruited by countries that see cyberspace as a new territory of warfare. Am erica’s president, Barack Obama, said in a White House press release that cyber-threats “_49_____ one of the gravest national-security dangers” the country is facing.Securing cyberspace is hard because the architecture of the internet was designed to promote connectivity, not _50___. Its founders focused on getting it to work and did not__51____ threats because the network was attached to America’s military. As hackers__52____, layers of security, from antivirus programs to firewalls, were added to try to keep them at bay. Gartner, a research firm, admits that last year organizations around the globe spent 67 billion in information security._53______, these defenses have worked reasonably well. Despite the talk about the risk of a‘cyber 9/11’, the internet has proved remarkably _54_____. Hundreds of millions of people turn on their computers every day and bank online, shop at_55____ stores, share gossip and photos with their friends on social networks and send all kinds of sensitive data over the web without ill effect. Companies and governments are shifting ever more services online.41. A. technical B. literary C. deliberate D. noble42. A. senses B. restrictions C. connections D. differences43. A. break through B. keep back C. stand for D. tap into44. A. collections B. mistakes C. leaks D. sources45. A. hackers B. agencies C. critics D. victims46. A. assessed B. insisted C. revealed D. concluded47. A. social B. cultural C. civil D. commercial48. A. gaps B. contacts C. effects D. concerns49. A. pose B. solve C. maintain D. reduce50. A. availability B. security C. temptation D. preservation51. A. worry about B. specialize in C. keep away D. put off52. A. broke down B. turned up C. fell apart D. shut down53. A. Of course B. In another word C. On the whole D. Above all54. A. calm and stable B. fun and fashionable C. profitable and productive D. wild and well-received55. A. luxurious B. favorite C. virtual D. convenienceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)E-learning-An Alternative Learning OpportunityDay school ProgramSecondary students across Toronto District School Board(TDSB) are invited to take one or two e-Learning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their day school.The on-line classroom provides an innovative relevant and interactive Learning environment. The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of EducationThese on-line courses✧are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers✧are p art of the TDSB Student’s time table; and✧appear on the Student’s report upon completionBenefits of e-LearningInclude:✧Access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school✧Using technology to provide students with current information: and.✧assistance to solve timetable conflictsIs e-Learning for You?Students who are successful in on-line course are usually;✧able to plan, organize time and complete assignments and activities;✧capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and ,✧able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet accessStudents need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course.56. E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that________.A. they are given by best TDSB teachers.B. they are not on the day school timetable.C. they are not included on students’ reports.D. they are an addition to TDSB courses.57. What do students need to do before completing e-learning courses?A. To learn information technology on-line.B. To do their assignments independently.C. To update their mobile devices regularly.D. To talk face to face with their teachers.58. What can be inferred about the online courses from the advertisement?A. The on-line course is free of chargeB. Student will use electronic devices in the on-line courseC. Little communication with teachers is needed in the on-line courseD. When timetable conflicts, priority should be given to the on-line course.(B)It's an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My wife says no because we have no savings to save us. I say you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year - we just won't go.Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday A YouGov survey of 2, 000 people found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. A recent research shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples.Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money may be different things to men and women. “People can say the same things about money but have different ideas of what it's for.” he explains. “They'll say it's to save, to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them.” He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they've achieved something.“The biggest problem is that couples assume each other know what's going on with their finances, but they don't. There seems to be more of a taboo (禁忌) about talking about money than about death. But you both need to know what you're doing, who's paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship, you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it.”59. What does the author say about vacationing?A. People enjoy it all the more during a recession.B. It is the chief cause of family disputes.C. It makes all the hard work worthwhile.D. Few people can afford it without working hard.60. What does the aut hor mean by saying ‘money is known … to bring a relationship to its knees’(Lines 1-2, Para. 2)?A. Money is considered to be the root of all evils.B. Few people can resist the temptation of money.C. Some people sacrifice their dignity for money.D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.61. The YouGov poll of 2,000 people indicates that in a recession ______.A. conflicts between couples tend to rise.B. couples show more concern for each other.C. it is more expensive for couples to split up.D. divorce and separation rates increase.62. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should _______.A. put their money together instead of keeping it separatelyB. make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgetsC. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationshipD. avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic(C)Attachment Parenting is not indulgent Parenting. Attachment parents do not "spoil" their children. Spoiling is done when a child is given everything that they want regardless of what they need and regardless of what is practical. Indulgent parents give toys for tantrums (发脾气), ice cream for breakfast. Attachment parents don't give their children everything that they want, they give their children everything that they need. Attachment parents believe that love and comfort are free and necessary. Not sweets or toys.Attachment Parenting is not "afraid of tears" parenting. Our kids cry. The difference is that we understand that tantrums and tears come from emotions and not manipulation. And our children understand this too. They cry and have tantrums sometimes, of course. But they do this because their emotions are so overwhelming that they need to get it out. They do not expect to be "rewarded" for their strong negative emotions; they simply expect that we will listen. We pick up our babies when they cry, and we respond to the tears of our older children because we believe firmly that comfort is free, love is free, and that when a child has need for comfort and love, it is our job to provide those things. We are not afraid of tears. We don't avoid them. We hold our children through them and teach them that when they are hurt or frustrated we are here to comfort them and help them work through their emotions.Attachment Parenting is not Clingy Parenting. I do not cling to my children. In fact, I'm pretty free-range. As soon as they can move they usually move away from me and let me set up a chase as they crawl, run, skip and hop on their merry way to explore the world. Sure, I carry them and hug them and chase them and kiss them and rock them and sleep with them. But this is not for me following them everywhere and pulling them back to me. This is me being a home base. The "attachment" comes from their being allowed to attach to us, not from us attaching to them like parental leeches.Attachment Parenting is not Selfish Parenting. It is also not selfless parenting. We are not doing it for us, and we are not doing it to torment ourselves.Attachment Parenting is not Helicopter Parenting. I don't hover. I supervise. I follow, I teach, I demonstrate, I explain. I don't slap curious hands away. I show how to do thing safely. I let my child do the things that my child wished to do, first with help and then with supervision and finally with trust. I don't insist that my 23 month old hold my hand when we walk in the sidewalk because I know that I can recall him with my voice because he trusts me to allow him to explore and he trusts me to explain when something is dangerous and to help him satisfy his curiosities safely.Most of the negative things that I hear about "attachment parents" are completely off-base and describe something that is entirely unlike Attachment Parenting. Attachment Parenting is child-centric and focuses on the needs of the child. Children need structure, rules, and boundaries. Attachment Parents simply believe that the child and the parent are allies, not adversaries. And that children are taught, not trained.63. According to the author, what should parents do when their kids cry?A. Providing comfort and love.B. Trying to stop kids crying.C. Holding them till they stop.D. Rewarding kids with toys.64.What does’ free-range’ mean according to the passage?A. Fond of providing a home base.B. Ready to play games with my kids.C. Curious to watch what games they play.D. Willing to give kids freedom of movement.65. Which of the following is NOT attachment parenting?A. Fostering their curiosity.B. Standing by and protecting.C. Showing them how things are done.D. Helping them do the right thing.66. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. How to foster love in children.B. How to build child confidence.C. Different types of parenting.D. Parent-child relationships.Section CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Long car journeys are even less pleasantB.During the day, sleep comes in snatchesC.But nothing can match them for speed and comfortD.you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpledE.you will be utterly exhausted before you are halfway through your journeyF.Also, you are invariably faced with numerous opinions different airlines offer for similar flightsPeople travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly anyone can positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lures you to sleep._ 67____ At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper, you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling, or fumbling to find you ticket for inspection. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. 68________, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on roads with few service stations and too much traffic. By comparison, ferry trips or cruises offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, meet interesting people and enjoy good food -- always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick, no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather,sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice holiday time for the pleasure of travelling by sea.Aeroplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even hardened travellers are intimidated by them. They also have the disadvantage of being an expensive form of transport. 69_______. Travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey, for an aeroplane gets you to your destination rapidly. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a film and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occup. An aero plane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain:70_____. You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.ICTS Benefits People in Impoverished AreasIn what concrete ways can information and communication technology (ICTs) benefit the two-thirds of humanity who are more concerned about their next meal than about e-mail or eBay?First, there are economic advantages of these technologies. Besides providing business with the opportunity to access real-time market information and complete business transactions economically, ICTs can reduce costs and provide a channel to market goods and services. One small company from Tanzania replaced $ 20 faxes with 10 cent e-mails and saw its telecommunications bill go from over $ 500 per month to $45 per month. In the business-to- section you will find examples like EthioGift .com which sells gifts, including sheep and al, cover the Internet.Health services also benefit from ICTs. Using the Internet ,doctors in poor can keep up to speed with the latest developments in their field as well as seek help from their peers. This technology can also facilitate the control of diseases. Throughout Africa for instance, individual cases of meningitis(脑膜炎) are tracked over the Internet so that epidemics can be stopped early.ICTs can make it easier to reach a broad section of population in education too. The African virtual university is a distance learning project which is partly financed by the World Bank, and which serves the countries of sub-Saharan Africa. The virtual university uses satellites to broadcast televised courses to students who communicate with teachers by e-mail and telephone.Finally, we come to what has been called “e-government”. E-government initiatives focus on making government transparent and accountable by providing citizens with direct access to information. Critics might argue that when you’re being stalked by war ,hunger and disease , this may not be a priority. But government is about more than just the ability to pay your taxes online or apply for a driving license over the Internet . It is about giving citizens access to information which allows them to make informed decisions on subjects that affect their lives.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.71. 要争分夺秒地复习功课，否则你会后悔的（against）72. 学校重建后，教师和学生有希望可以免费上网（expect）73. 他从未想到，如果不去管它，问题不会自己解决或神秘消失（Never…, occur）74. 我们坚信，只有那些有远大的志向，不满足于现状，勇敢面对挑战的人才有可能成功（likely）VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.右面图片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。

上海曹杨二中2017-2018学年度第二学期高三英语开学考试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the otherThe half-term holiday is almost over and, for many students in their final year of school, university applications are high on the agenda. So, you have chosen your (1) _______(prefer) courses and universities and started to fill in your personal details, education, qualifications and details of any paid jobs.So far, so straightforward——but here comes the awkward bit: The personal statement, required from everyone applying to university (2) _______ the UCAS admissions service, is a major source of anxiety. Personal statements are written, rewritten, scrutinized by parents and teachers and rewritten again, taking up at least as much time and effort (3) ______ any other piece of work this term. “It is your chance (4) _______(describe) your ambitions, skills and experience,” says UCAS on its website. “Try to stand out (5)______ be careful with humor, quotes or anything unusual——just (6)______ _______ the admissions tutor does not have the same sense of humor as you.“Proofread aloud and get your teachers, advisers, and family to check ——then redraft (7)_______ you are happy with (8) ______ and the grammar, spelling and punctuation are correct.”Use plain English and avoid hackneyed phrases, UCAS advises: “Be authentic, be focused, be enthusiastic.”Alex Hayman, who manages a business that helps would-be undergraduates pen their personal statements, says, “An applicant’s personal statement could make the difference when it comes to (9) ______(receive) an offer from a university, and it is a key opportunity for you to showcase your individuality, knowledge and experience.”Alex Hayman says it is crucial for statements to be “reflective and, importantly, personal” and he has highlighted seven ways to convince the admissions tutor to offer you a place.1. Showing you are serious2. You need more than just top grades.3. What interest in the subject (10) _____ you show outside the classroom?4. Explain why you chose this subject and course——and how will you cope?5. Show that you are a critical thinker.6. What if some of your grades are disappointing?7. Explain how the course will help towards your long-term plans.1【答案】preferred【分析】考查非谓语的过去分词做形容词2【答案】through【分析】考查介词，通过意思是通过这个服务来申请大学3【答案】to describe【分析】考查不定式，chance后面接定语用不定式4【答案】as【分析】考查as…as…结构5【答案】but【分析】考查连词，根据意识是前后意思相反6【答案】in case【分析】考查状语从句，in case以免7【答案】until【分析】考查状语从句，根据意思重写直到你满意8【答案】it【分析】考查代词，it指代你的personal statement9【答案】receiving【分析】考查when it comes to sth10【答案】can【分析】考查情态动词，根据意思是你能在课外对这个学科能有多少兴趣Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Today’s children are exhausted, and not just because one in three kids is not getting sufficient sleep. Sleep deprivation in kids (who require at least nine hours a night, depending on age) has been found to (1) ____ decrease academic achievement, lower intelligence test scores, slow physical growth, and (2)_______ moodiness and irritability. While the argument for protecting our children’s sleep time is compelling, there is another kind of rest that is equally (3______ and equally beneficial to the children’s academic, emotional, and creative lives: daydreaming.Not all mental downtime(停工休息期) is alike, of course. Downtime spent playing a video game or watching a television show may have its (4) ___, but the kind of downtime I am talking about is different. I am talking about the kind of mind-wandering that happens when the brain is free of (5______ and allowed to get rid of the worries of the day. Television, videogames, and other electronic (6____ prevent this kind of mental wandering because they interrupt the flow of thoughts and memories that (7) ______ the foundation of positive, productive daydreaming.There is, however, another way of looking at mind wandering. For the individual, mind wandering offers the possibility of very real, personal reward, some immediate, some more (8) ____. These rewards include self-awareness, (9) _____, memory consolidation, future planning, simulating the perspective of another person, evaluating the implications of self and others, emotional reactions, moral reasoning.In other words, daydreaming only appears lazy from the outside, but viewed from the inside——or from the perspective of a psychologist, such as Kaufman, or a neuroscientist, such as Mary Helen Immordino Yang—a complicated and extremely (10)_____ neurological process is taking place. Viewed from the inside, our children are exploring the only space where they truly have autonomy: their own minds.【答案】1-10 AHGJF BCKDE【分析】1:：考查副词，极大降低学习成绩2：考查动词，提高负面的情绪3：考查形容词，同样被低估也同样对学生有益的睡眠4：考查名词，根据意思，花在游戏和电视上的时间虽然也有它的迷人之处5：考查名词，根据意思，大脑会不受打扰6：考查名词，根据前面的television, videogames可以知道是B7：考查动词，根据意思是加强这种有益活动的基础8：考查形容词，根据前面的immediate可以知道这里是相反的意思9：考查名词，根据意思是对自我的一些评估10：考查形容词，根据意思这种过程是既复杂又有生产力的III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Today’s kids are more worried than any kids in recent history. And those worries tend to intensify around times of transition---like the start of school.From the (1) ________ age on, says Jill Emanuele, a senior clinical psychologist, the most important thing for parents to do is to understand a kid’s worries. “When people say, I am worried or anxious,” Emanuele points out, “the first thing a lot of people want to do is say, ‘You are going to be fine. It’s going to be OK.”’ But when parents say say that, “you never give the person the opportunity to (2) ________what they are anxious about,” She says. Comforting words may provide temporary(3) ________ , but if anxiety is not faced head on, it will come back again, even stronger.(4) ________ , when kids are worried, parents can help them face their fears by asking them questions about their worries, and helping them(5) ________strategies to face their fears.Middle-school kids face a whole new world of (6) ________stress--- both in real life and on social media. One way for parents to manage anxiety in kids, says Emanuele, is to manage their (7) ________ “Limit the amount of time kids can be on their computers or their phones. it’s also a good age for parents and kids to explore the (8) ________behind stress. “Stress happens automatically,” Emanuele says. But “we have to teach our body how to do relaxation (9) ________.” Parents can start conversations with kids about what strategies work to help them release stress, from yoga to singing: whatever you can do to break the train of everyday thought that’s (10) ________you.”High school kids, Emanuele says, are (11) ________ “significant brain changes,” which leads to increased mental-health issues. For parents, the strategies for helping high schoolers manage stress are the same as at any age: help them (12) ________their specific anxieties, and strategies to deal with it. But with high school kids, says Emanuele, there’s a(n) (13) ________step. As they are going to be ready to leave school and begin college, or some other (14) ________ of life, the risks may seem impossibly high. Parents can help them by letting them know that one bad grade won’t destroy their (15) ________of future happiness, and that “they can get a good education anywhere in the country.”1. A. elementary B. early C. basic D. school2. A. ensure B. discover C. experience D. emphasize3. A. happiness B. relaxation C. recreation D. relief4. A. Meanwhile B. Instead C. Moreover D. For example5. A. make up for B. catch up with C. come up with D. go in for6. A. cultural B. mental C. economic D. social7. A. facilities B. devices C. leisure D. games8. A. science B. Phenomena C. reasons D. approaches9. A. plan B. response C. decision D. prediction10. A. interrupting B. distracting C. disturbing D. tempting11. A. going through B. benefiting from C. acting on D. showing off12. A. admit B. obtain C. from D. identify13. A. exceptional B. added C. unexpected D. regular14. A. events B. occasions C. phase D. decisions15. A. chances B. means C. arrival D. expectations【答案】Keys: 1-5：ACDBC 6-10：DBABC 11-15：ADBCA【分析】1.考查动词。

2017-2018学年曹杨二中高一上月考II.VocabularyDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.approachedB. generousC. financiallyD. effortE. datesF. victimG. closed H. substituting I. boosts J. visible K. seeminglyHave you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen 21_ to bad product placement (产品植入). Clever marketing folks want their products to be 22_ within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement 23_ from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员) might think of something that 24_ the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been 25_ about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n) 26_ supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of compensation, so the deal27_with money works well. Someone from a manufacturer’s marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a(n) 28_ attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of 29_ casual appearances. Both teams a re happy. Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much ado- it-yourself 30_ . Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows —even games and music.ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrases that best fits the context.Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death among Americans, and a much larger 31 to chronic disability and healthcare costs than this ranking suggests. There’s32 question that preventing strokes is important. But a big question is how best to do so and in whom.Currently, some expert say, far too many people who are free of 33 that might herald ( 预示) a stroke are undergoing surgery to ream out carotid arteries ( 颈动脉) that feed the 34 , or are having stents ( 支架) inserted in these arteries, than is justified by availableevidence.and create a risk of serious complications like heart attack or , 36 stroke itself, even death; and drive 37 health care costs by billions of dollars a year.Based on the latest research , they 38 , most patients without symptoms like a39 stroke or transient ischemic attack ( 短暂性脑缺血发作) do as well---or nearly as well—with intensive medical therapy to 40 blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes.“ Intensive medical therapy is a much 41 way to prevent stroke caused by clots(血块) than either surgery or stent mg(支架植入术) ,” said Dr. David Spence, a stroke prevention specialist at the University of Western Ontario.But surgeons, even those who 42 the limitations of current research, say carotid endarterectomy (颈动脉内切手术), as the reaming operation is called, is the treatment of choice for many patients with serious 43 in one or both carotid arteries. That sentiment( 观点)also is reflected in guidelines from the Society of Vascular Surgeons and the American Heart Association.Dr. Michael Belkin, the chief of vascular and endovascular (血管内的) surgery at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, who performs 44 of endarterectomies each year, said ,” In asymptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis(器官狭窄), meaning a blockage of 70 percent or greater , surgical therapy is better than 45 therapy.31. A. donator B. contributor C. part D. influence32. A. not B. any C. some D. no33. A. signs B. symbols C. symptoms D. illness34.A. stomach B. body C. brain D. blood35.A. unnecessary B. necessary C. important D. useful36.A. ironically B. smoothly C. favorably D. unfavorably37.A. down B. ahead C. up D. back38. A. maintain B. promise C. are against D. disagree39.A. wild B. mild C. child D. serious40.A. lower B. treat C. control D. raise41.A. more dangerous B. safer C. more successful D. cleaner42.A. more dangerous B. safer C. more successful D. cleaner43.A. sickness B. damage C. blockages D. situation44.A. grades B. scores C. marks D. thousands45.A. medical B. proper C. suitable D. anyIII.Reading comprehensionDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )They say a cat has nine lives, and I think that possible since I am now living my third life and I’m not even a cat .My father died when I was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living .And my mother, who was seriously ill in her last years, died while still in her 60s .My sistermarried soon after, and I followed her example within the year .This was when I began to enjoy my first life .I was very happy, in excellent health .I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos .Life was a pleasant dream .Then the dream ended .I became afflicted (使苦恼) with a slowly progressive disease of the motor nerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side .Thus began my second life… .In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car .And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps .Crazy? Not at all .Our home was an affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door .Those steps were a standard measure of life .They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living .I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it ---repeating the process 14 times, I would be through---I could then admit defeat and lie down and die .Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life .It was raining when I started home that night; strong winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads .Suddenly the steering wheel jerked (猝然一动) .In the same instant I heard the bang of a blowout .It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible!I started the engine and thumped slowly along, keeping well over on the shoulder until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in and where I found lighted windows welcomed me to a house and pulled into the driveway and honked the horn .The door opened and a little girl stood there .When she knew what happened to me, she went into the house and a moment later came out, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting .I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm .About an hour later, the man’s voice was heard, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you’re all set now .” “Thanks,” I said .“How much do I owe you?” He shook his head, “Nothing .Cynthia told me you were a cripple .Glad to be of help .I know you’d do the same for me .There’s no charge, friend .” I held out a five-dollar bill, “No! I like to pay my way .” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can’t see it .”46 ．“A cat has nine lives” here means ．A．a cat can live nine times longer than any other animalB．a cat can die ninthC．a lucky man can not die easilyD．the writer will live nine times47．What do you think of the man who helped change the tire?A．Warm-hearted but pitiableB．Warm-hearted and happyC．A blind old man that has nothing to do everyday．D．A poor old man that is always ready to helpothers．48．How will the story be ended?A．The writer paid the little girl but the old man did notaccept．B．The writer drove away with tears running down hischeek．C．The writer stayed there, without knowing what to do and how to do．D．In the next few frozen seconds the writer felt the shame and astonishment he had never felt before．( B )What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London. Typical structure of a one-week courseUp to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English asa foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)Full board(全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesIn addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachersWe expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the courseWe tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit www.efpcourses. .See you in Guildford soon!49.What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A their target students are teenagers of all English levelsB they are available on the school campuses in London and OxfordC Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language supportD they involve students in British culture activities during the whole course50.Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you canA make a reservation from October 31 to December 20B enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD hand in an application by visiting their websites51.The purpose of this writing is toA attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB offer group students access to EFP coursesC demostrate the popularity of EFP courses Dillustrate the importance of EFP courses( C )Attachment Parenting is not Indulgent(纵容的) Parenting. Attachment parents do not “spoil” their children. Spoiling is done when a child is given everything that they want regardless of what they need and regardless of what is practical. Indulgent parents give toys for tantrums(发脾气)，ice cream for breakfast Attachment parents don't give their children everything that they want, they give their children everything that they need. Attachment parents believe that love and comfort are free and necessary. Not sweets or toys.Attachment Parenting is not "afraid of tears" parenting. Our kids cry. The difference is that we understand that tantrums and tears come from emotions and not manipulation. And our children understand this too. They cry and have tantrums sometimes, of course. But they do this because their emotions are so overwhelming that they need to get it out They do not expect to be "rewarded" for their strong negative emotions; they simply expect that we will listen. We pick up our babies when they cry, and we respond to the tears of our older children because we believe firmly that comfort is free, love is free, and that when a child has need for comfort and love, it is our job to provide those things. We are not afraid of tears. We don't avoid them. We hold our children t hrough them and teach them that when they are hurt or frustrated we are here to comfort them and help them work through their emotions.Attachment Parents is not Clingy Parenting. I do not cling to my children. In fact, I'm pretty f ree-range. As soon as they can move they usually move away from me and let me set up a chase as they crawl, run, skip and hop on their merry way to explore the world. Sure, I carry them and hug them and chase them and kiss them and rock than and sleep with them. But this is not me following them everywhere and pulling them back to me. This is me being a home base. The "attachment" comes from their being allowed to attach to us, not from us attaching to than like parental leeches. Attachment Parenting is not Selfish Parenting. It is also not selfless parenting. We are not doing it for us, and we are not doing it to torment ourselves.Attachment parenting is not Helicopter Parenting. I don't hover. I supervise. I follow, I teach, I demonstrate, I explain. I don't slap curious hands away. I show how to do things safely. I let my child do the things that my child wishes to do, first with help and then with supervision and finally with trust. I don't insist that my 23 month old hold my hand when we walk on the sidewalk because I know I can recall him with my voice because he trusts me to allow him to explore and he trustsme to explain when something is dangerous and to help him satisfy his curiosities safely.Most of the negative things that I hear about "attachment parents" are completely off-base and describe something that is entirely unlike Attachment Parenting. Attachment Parenting is child- centric and focuses on the needs of the child. Children need structure, rules, and boundaries. Attachment Parents simply believe that the child and the parent are allies, not adversaries. And that children are taught, not trained.52.According to the author, what should parents do when their kids cry?A.Rewarding kids with toys.B.Trying to stop kids crying.C.Holding them till they stop.D.Providing comfort and love.53.What does “free-range” mean according to the passage?A.Willing to give kids freedom of movement.B.Ready to play games with my kids.C.Curious to watch what games they play.D.Fond of providing a home base.54.Which of the following is NOT attachment parenting?A.Fostering their curiosityB. Helping them do the right thingC. Showing them how things are doneD. Standing by and protecting55.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.How to foster love in childrenB. Different types of parentingC. How to build child confidenceD. Parent-child relationship第II 卷IV.Fill in the blanks with the proper relatives and appropriate form of words given in brackets , add modal verbs if necessary.56.Her brother (be ) at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now.57.All the contestants remain in their seats until the test paper is collected, which is a regulation in our school.58.Y ou are getting heart attack, the doctor says you (do) so much physical exercise.59.The bicycle and the rider had knocked down the boy were taken to the police for further investigation.60.He told me that was broadcast by TV was just nothing but a rumor.61.What makes all the students and teachers astonished is that the promising student(give) up such a good opportunity to be sent to abroad.62.The engineer my father was talking was also a professor teaching in a key university.63.The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn’t be found.64.Many students think that they (be) bothered to explain the material because the expert already knows it.65.I really admire your new dress and I want to buy such a gorgeous dress you wear.V.Translation :66.我需要吃些肉，因为它含有蔬菜中没有的维生素和矿物质。

上海曹杨二中2017-2018学年度第二学期高三英语周测试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.T alking with—Not Just to—Kids Powers How They Learn LanguageChildren from the poorer families begin life not only with material disadvantages but cognitive ones. Decades of research (1)____________(confirm) this, including a famous 1995 finding by psychologists Betty Hart and Todd Risley: By age four children raised in poverty have heard 30 million fewer words, on average, than their peers from wealthier families. That gap has been linked to shakier language skills at the start of school, (2)____________, in turn, predicts weaker academic performance.But just the quantity of words a toddler hears is not the most significant influence on language acquisition. Growing evidence has led researchers to conclude quality matters more than quantity, and (3)____________(valuable) quality seems to be back-and-forth communication—what researchers call conversational turns.A paper (4)____________(publish) last week in Psychological Science brings a new kind of support to this idea, offering the first evidence that these exchanges play a vital role in the development of Broca’s area, the brain region most closely associated with producing speech. Further, the amount of conversational turns a child experiences daily outweighs socioeconomic status in predicting (5)____________ activity in Broca’s area and the child’s language skills.The researchers confirmed the classic 1995 finding that, overall, kids from wealthier families hear more words. And small (6)____________ their sample was, they even confirmed the 30-million-word gap between the poorest and richest children. But they found that “by far the biggest driver for brain development was not the number of words spoken (7)____________ the conversations,” Gabrieli says.The researchers calculated that a child’s verbal ability score increased (8)____________ one point for every additional 11 conversational exchanges per hour.The study is a “very, very important” addition (9)____________ a growing body of work, says developmental psychologist Kathryn Hirsh-Pasek, director of the Infant Language Laboratory at Temple University. “We have known for quite a while that conversational turns—or (10)____________ in my work we call conversational duets—are very important for building a foundation for language and maybe for learning generally. What hadn’t been done is to link it where we knew it had to be linked—to changes in the brain.”【答案】1. have confirmed2. which3. the most valuable4. published5. both6. as/though7. but8. by9. to10. what【分析】1.考察谓语动词时态语态。

Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With ____18_____a TV set in the family people don’t have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera. All they have to so is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers _____19____need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if he has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything _____20____(present) presented to him without any effort on his part.Television, _____21____is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one’s sitting room. It could be argued that t he radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to _____22____looking at the movements on it, dependent on its pictures_____23____ ____23_____ it begins to control our lives. People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and t hat they have actually begun to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesn’t it?There are many other arguments for and ____24_____against television. We must realize that television ___25______itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How do successful people think? What drives them? Interviews and investigations ___26____ that there are several keys to success that successful people share.First of all, successful people never blame someone or something outside of themselves for their ____27___ to go ahead. They realize that their future lies in their own hands. They understand that they cannot ___28____ things in life, such as nature, the past and other people.But in the meantime, they are well ___29____ that they can control their own thoughts and actions. They ____30___ responsibility for their life and regard this as one of the most empowering (给人以权力的)things they can do .Perhaps what most ___31____ successful people from others is that they live life “on purpose”---they are doing what they believe they are put here to do .In their opinion, having a purpose in their life is the most important fact that enables them to become fully ____32___ people. They hold that when they live their life on purpose, their main concern is to do the job right .They love what they do ---and it shows. People want to do business with them because of their commitment(责任心). To live their life on purpose, successful people find a cause they believe in and___33____ a business around it. Besides, they never easily give up. Once they have set up goals in their life, they are ____34_____to do whatever it takes to achieve their goals. Top achievers always keep in mind that they don’t have forever. Rather than seeing it ___35____ or depressing, they use the knowledge to encourage themselves to move on and go after what they want energetically and passionately.Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrases that best fits the context.Remains of ancient civilization are places which were____36___ designed and built as a lasting tribute(致敬) to some individuals or events. By visiting these historic monuments, you are sure to be amazed by how____37___ the ancient civilization that existed centuries before you was. Some of the facilities which could be dated back hundreds of years ago are still in use today. Besides, you will also ___38___at the mysterious stories behind it. The Great Wall, for example, is probably the best-known monument of China, which ___39____consists of a network of walls and towers through which the attack warnings could be_____40____ received within minutes. Soldiers then had enough time to prepare. Estimates of the total length of the monument____41___, depending on which sections are included and how they are measured. One of the ___42____mysteries is that, although some of the wall is___43____ in special radar images taken by satellites, astronauts have confirmed that the existing wall is not several thousand years old, nor is it, as many people had ___44____, visible to the human eye from outer space.Even older than the Great Wall of China is the Great Pyramid（金字塔）of Giza. Over a 20-year period, thousands of workers made the vision become ___45____with numerous blocks, each weighing more than two tons. It’s still a(n) ____46___ to modern people how ancient men handled ____47___of these giant stones in a time when cars or boats never existed some 4500 years ago. The pyramid served not only as a tomb for King Khufu, but also a place of ___48____activity. The number of the God’s servants at that time showed the importance of such activities. After Khufu died, his body was carefully treated with various medicines and materials and was wrapped in order to be ____49___ for long. According to ancient Egyptian belief, the pyramid, where the mummy was placed, provided a place for the king to pass into the afterlife. Then his servants performed rituals(仪式) to bring ____50 ___ to the dead king’s soul, removingall the unrest and pain from his next life.36. A. designed B. damaged C. abandoned D. constructed37. A. advanced B. technical C. overlooked D. energetic38. A. stare B. wonder C. aim D. call39. A. consists of B. is made of C. maintains D. reflects40. A. ignored B. received C. reminded D. accessed41. A. extend B. remain C. vary D. progress42. A. long-standing B. widely-used C. carefully-chosen D. clearly-stated43. A. recognizable B. reasonable C. reliable D. responsible44. A. proved B. claimed C. threatened D. requested45. A. reality B. tradition C. mansion D. civilization46. A. burden B. secret C. solution D. fortune47. A. finance B. storage C. transportation D. production48. A. sports B. religious C. fighting D. family49. A. preserved B. recovered C. buried D. restored50. A. leadership B. peace C. honour D. inspirationSection BDirections : Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )This book is designed to help you improve your reading comprehension skills bystudying 20 minutes a day for 20 days. You'll start with the basics and move on to morecomplex reading comprehension and critical thinking strategies. Please note that althougheach chapter can be an effective skill builder on its own, it is important that you proceedthrough this book in order, from Lesson I through Lesson 20. Each lesson builds on skills andideas discussed in the previous chapters. As you move through this book and your readingskills develop, the passages you read will increase both in length and in complexity.The book begins with a pretest, which will allow you to see how well you can answervarious kinds of reading comprehension questions now, as you begin. When you finish thebook, take the posttest to see how much you've improved.The text is divided into four sections, each focusing on a different group of relatedreading and thinking strategies. These strategies will be outlined at the beginning of eachsection and then reviewed in a special "putting it all together" final lesson.Each lesson provides several exercises that allow you to practice the skills you learn. Toensure you're on the right track, each lesson also provides answers and explanations 'for all ofthe practicequestions. Additionally, you will find practical suggestions in each chapter forhow to continue practicing these skills in your daily life.The most important thing you can do to improve your reading skills is to become anactive reader. The following guidelines and suggestions outlined will familiarize you withactive reading techniques. Use these techniques as much as possible as you work your waythrough the lessons in this book.51. According to the passage, the pretest aims to__________.A. tell you where your starting level isB. arouse your interest in using the bookC. illustrate the structure of the textD. introduce the test-taking techniques52. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Each chapter has an internal relationship with the previous chapter.B. The texts are arranged in the order of length and complexity.C. Different reading strategies are listed at the beginning of each section.D. The author suggests using the book selectively according to readers' level.53. What is the author most likely to talk about in the following paragraph?A. The function of each chapter.B. The outline of each section.C. The ways to be an active reader.D. The guidelines in using the book.( B)A new study has found no evidence that sunscreen, commonly used to reduce the risk of skin cancer, actually increases the risk.Researchers from the University of Iowa based their findings on a review of 18 earlier studies that looked at the association between sunscreen use and melanoma(黑素瘤). They said that they found flaws in studies that had reported associations between sunscreenuse and higher risk of melanoma.Most health experts believe that by protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun, sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer, which is increasing in incidence (发生率)faster than any other cancer in the United States.But questions have been raised about sunscreen and whether it may have the oppositeeffect, perhaps by allowing people to remain exposed to the sun longer without burning.The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account that those people most at risk for skin cancer-people with fair skin and freckles(雀斑) ,for example-are more likely to use sunscreen. As a result, it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.The studies, which generally relied on volunteers to recall their sunscreen use, were also unable to prove how well the products had been applied, Said the new study.54. The underlined word" flaws "inthe2ndparagraphmost probably means ________.A. evidencesB. factsC. faultsD. failures55. We can learn from the passage that _______.A. sunscreen users get skin cancer more oftenB. the volunteers have proved the effect of sunscreenC. the new study was based on the experiences of volunteersD. the number of skin cancer patients is increasing in America56. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?A. Sunscreen to Prevent Skin CancerB. Sunscreen to Increase Skin CancerC. Skin Cancer Caused by SunscreenD. Skin Cancer Caused by Freckles( C )Television is a relatively stable advertising medium. In many ways, the television ads today are almost the same to those two decades ago. Most television ads still feature actors, still run 30 or 60 seconds, and still show a product. However, the different medium of the Internet causes unique challenges to advertisers, forcing them to adapt their practices and techniques.In the early days of Internet marketing, online advertisers used banner (框式广告) and pop-up ads (弹出式广告) to attract customers. These techniques reached large audiences, led to many sales leads, and came at a low cost. However, a small number of Internet users began to consider these advertising techniques annoying. Yet because marketing strategies relying heavily on banners and pop-ups produced results, companies invested growing amounts of money into purchasing these ad types. As consumers became more complicated, frustration with these online advertising techniques grew. Independent programmers began to develop tools that blocked banner and pop-up ads.A major development in online marketing came with the introduction of pay-per-click ads. Unlike banner or pop-up ads, which originally required companies to pay every time a website visitor saw an ad, pay-per-click ads allowed companies to pay only when an interested potential customer clicked on an ad. More importantly, however, these ads are not affected by the pop-up and banner blockers. As a result of these advantages and the incredible growth in the use of search engines, which provide excellent places for pay-per-click advertising, a great number of companies began turning to pay-per-click marketing. However, as with the banner and pop-up ads, pay-per-click ads came with their shortcomings. When companies began pouring billions of dollars into this emerging medium, online advertising specialists started to notice the presence of what would later be called click fraud (欺诈): representatives of a company with no interest in the product advertised by a competitor click on the competitor’s ads simply to increase the marketing cost of the competitor. Click fraud grew so rapidly that marketers sought to diversify (摆脱) their online positions away from pay-per-click marketing through new mediums.Although pay-per-click advertising remains a common and effective advertising tool,marketers adapted yet again to the changing elements of the Internet by adopting new techniques such as pay-per-performance advertising. As the pace of the Internet’s evolution increases, it seems all the more likely that advertising successfully on the Internet will require a strategy that avoids constancy (持续性) and welcomes change.57. What is the main idea of the passage?A．The pace of the Internet’s evolution is increasing and will only increase in the future. B．Internet advertising fails to reach Internet users, causing ads to be blocked.C．The Internet has experienced dramatic changes in short periods of time.D．Rapid development of the Internet calls for new advertising strategies and mediums.58. As an advertising medium, the television and the Internet mainly differ in ________.A．the type of individual each medium reachesB．whether the medium is interactiveC．the pace at which the medium developsD．the cost of advertising with each medium59. According to the passage, which of the following is a typical click fraud?A．Using software to block competitors’ advertisements.B．Clicking on the pay-per-click ads of competitors.C．Clicking on the banner advertisements of opponent companies.D．Using search engine to attack the pages of competitors.60 .What does the author imply about the future of pay-per-performance advertising?A．It will eventually become less popular just like other forms of Internet advertising.B．It will not face shortcomings due to its differing approach to online marketing.C．Internet users will develop free software to block its effectiveness.D．Although it improves on pay-per-click advertising, it still suffers from click fraud.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentences can be used only once. Note that there two more sentences than you need .Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance, the purpose is to let the children learn from experience at an early age when financial mistakes are not very costly.The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family. _________61______ Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthlyallowance. In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money.At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget. Parents should not offer more money until the next allowance is to be given. _______62________. Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics.Allowances give children a chance to experience three things they can do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving it to organizations. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save it. _______63________Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice: you have to cut costs and plan for the future. Requiring children to save part of their allowance can also open the door to future saving and investing. Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn about personal finance. A saving account is an excellent way to learn about the power of compound interest. ________64_______But over time it adds up.第II 卷I. Translation65. 玛丽的演讲给所有在场的人留下了深刻印象。

第II卷（共40分）I. Translation（3+3+4+5=15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.他们攀登这座山的尝试成功了。

（attempt）2.母亲知道孩子被带到安全的地方才离开。

（Not until）3.在大学里，Hans被领到讲台前，他站在那里，身边围着一群教授和学生。

（surround）4.春天来了，是时候走出去，做做园艺，采些花儿来装饰你的家。

（it）【答案】1. Their attempt to climb the mountain was successful.2. Not until the child was taken to a safe area did the mother leave.3. At the university, Hans was guided to a platform, standing there, surrounded by professors and students.4. Spring is coming/is in the air, so it is time to go outside, do some gardening and pick (up) some flowers to decorate your home.【分析】1.Their attempt to climb (attempt to do sth做某事的试图)the mountain was successful.2.Not until the child was taken to a safe area did(否定意义的词或词组位于句首时，用部分倒装，主倒从不倒) the mother leave.本题考查部分倒装的用法。

CDo you know how it is when you see someone yawn(打哈欠) and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it’s because we have mirror neurons (神经元) in our brains.Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿) it，whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, and dance or play sports. But the idea goes further：Mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.[来源:] Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact (互动). Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物) for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well，perhaps you’ll understand why.1. Mirror neurons can explain _________.A. why we cry when we are hurtB. why we cough when we suffer from a coldC. why we smile when we see someone else smileD. why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late2. The underlined word “triggered” in the third paragraph probably means “_________”.A. set offB. cut offC. built upD. broken up3. We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _________.A. relate to human behavior and interactionB. control human physical actions and feelingsC. result in bad behavior and social disordersD. determine our knowledge and language abilities4．What is the passage mainly about?A. Ways to find mirror neurons.B. Problems of mirror neurons.C. Existence of mirror neurons.D. Functions of mirror neurons.【答案】1.C 2.A3.A 4.D【分析】1.细节理解题。

（高一下英语期中35份合集卷）上海市高一第二学期半期考精选试卷有答案高一下学期(第二学期)英语期中考试试卷注意事项：1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AA NATIONWIDE BESTSELLERIt’s likely that everything you learned about America’s ancient history is wrong.The new book,1491, completely changes our understanding of the America before the arrival of Columbus in 1492.DID YOU KNOW?When Columbus landed there were probably more people in the Americas than there were in Europe.The peoples of North America had such healthy life-styles that as late as the 19th century they continued to be the tallest people on earth.Facts have shown that the Americas were populated as long as 33,000 years ago. 4,000 years ago Mesoamerican (中美洲）farmers developed corn in a feat (技艺) of genetic engineering that still isn’t completely understood.COMMENTS ON 1491“In the tradition of Jared Diamond & John MePhee, a totally new view of pre-Columbian America”.－Richard Rhodes “Attractively written and really absorbing, Charles C.Mann has produced a book that’s part detective story, part epic(史诗) and part tragedy(悲剧). He has taken on a vast topic: thousands of years, two huge continents, and cultures.”－Charles Matthews,San Jese Mercary News“Powerful and challenging”－Alan Taylor,Washingto post“A pleasure to read as well as a wonderful education”－Howard Zinn21. On the whole,1491 is a book mainly about America’s________.A. populationB. life-stylesC. agricultureD. history22. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the comments on the book 1491?A. It is interesting and instructive.B. It is attractive and culturally related.C. It is challenging and revolutionary.D. It is humorous and persuasive23. From this passage, we can learn_________.A. North Americans were the tallest in the 18th century in the worldB. people settled in the America a little earlier than 1492C. Mesoamencan farmers knew genetic engineering 5,000 years agoD. the population in the Americas was smaller than that in Europe in 1492BThe iPhone, the iPad: each of Apple’s products sounds cool and has become a fad(一时的风尚). Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter “i” –-- and many other brands are following suit. The BBC’s iPlayer --- which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet ---used the title in 2008. A lovely bear --- popular in the US and UK --- th at plays music and video is called “iTeddy”.A slimmed-down version(简装本) of London’s Independent newspaper was started last week under the name“i”.In general, single-letter prefixes(前缀) have been popular since the 1990s, when terms such as e-mail and e-commerce(电子商务) first came into use.Most “i” products are targeted at （针对）young people and considering the major readers of Independent’s “i”, it’s no surprise that they’ve selected this fashionable name.But it’s hard to see what’s so special about the letter “i”. Why not use “a”, “b”, or “c” instead? According to Tony Thorne, head of the Language Center at King’s College, London, “i” works because its meaning has become ambiguous. When Apple uses “i”, no one knows whether it means Internet, infor mation, individual or interactive, Thorne told BBC Magazines. “Even when Apple created the iPod, it seems it didn’t have one cle ar definition（定义）,” he says.“However, thanks to Apple, the term is now connected withportability (轻便) .”adds Thorne.Clearly the letter “i” also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual. Each person believes they have their own needs, and we love personalized products for this reason.Along with “Google” and “blog”, readers of BBC Magazines voted “i” as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade(十年).But as history shows, people grow tired of fads. From the 1900s to 1990s, product s with “2000” in their names became fashionable as the year was connected with all things advanced and modern. However, as we entered the new century, the fashion disappeared.24. We can infer that the Independent’s “i” is designed for _________.A. old readersB. young readersC. fashionable womenD. engineers25. The underlined word “ambiguous” means “__________”.A. popularB. clearC. uncertainD. unique26. Nowadays, the “i” term often rem inds people of the products which are __________.A. po rtableB. environmentally friendlyC. advancedD. recyclable27. The writer suggests that __________.A. “i” products are often of high qualityB. iTeddy is alive bearC. the letter “b” replaces letter “i” to name the productsD. the popularity of “i” products ma y not last longCThe average American child spends three to five hours a day watching TV. In 1961, the average child began to watch television at age three; however, today it is nine months. Yet, most parents think that television has bad influence on their children. For example, in the early 1970s, my parents believed that my bad eyesight was the result of sitting too close to the screen, and they therefore made my stay at least six feet from it. Today, most people have no such worry, but many new ridiculous (荒谬的) sayings have appeared:TV makes kids stupid. Many children watch more educational programs when they are pre-schoolers. When they grow up, they can read more books and have much better ideas to solve difficult problems than other children.TV makes kids violent. The real story is not so simple. Hundreds of studies show that watching violence on TV makes children more aggressive (好斗的). But a study of over 5,000 children also finds that some positive programs make children kinder. The problem is that kids are increasingly watching shows with violence instead of those suitable for their age.Sitting around watching TV makes kids overweight. An experiment finds that when children watch less television, they do lose extra weight; however, redu cing their television time does not make them more active. The real problem lies insnacking (吃零食), a widespread habit for kids, and junk-food advertisements.TV helps kids get to sleep. The opposite is true. The more television children watch, the more likely they are to have irregular sleep and nap(小睡) patterns. Allowing kids to watch television is part of theproblem, not the solution.28. Which one is the advantage of educational TV programs?A. They will improve children’s ability to get along w ith others.B. They will make children solve difficult problems better than others.C. They are likely to make children more aggressive.D. They will make sure of children’s success in the future.29. Why are children spending much time watching TV likely to be fat?A. Watching TV makes children lazy and inactive.B. Children are attracted by the food advertisement on TV.C. Watching TV doesn’t burn up as much fat as doing sports.D. Children like to snack while watching TV.30. What influe nce does watching TV have on a child’s sleep?A. It will make children form a bad habit of sleeping.B. Children’s sleep time will be greatly reduced.C. Children are likely to sleep deeper after watching TV.D. It will make children sleep easier.31. What is the purpose of this text?A. To increase people’s knowledge of watching TV.B. To warn parents of the disadvantages of watching TV.C. To explain the bad influences that watching TV has onchildren.D. To correct parents’ wrong ideas of television’s effect on children.DLike human beings, dogs may catch cold because of cold weather, wet conditions or can also get it from other sick dogs. If a dog has a running nose and watery eyes, coughs or sneezes(打喷嚏）, then it is quite probable that the dog has caught cold.A dog's cold can get over after a few days without treatment but it totally depends upon the owner to treat it with medications or improve its immune power （免疫力） to get rid of the cold naturally. Following are some of the things you can do if your dog gets a cold.You can improve its immune power by giving it proper nutrient diet. Healthy food can really do wonders. Try to give it food which is either suggested by the vet（兽医） or is healthy for your pet. Increase the intake of food which is rich in vitamins A, C and E.Keep your dog warm. The best place for your dog in winter is inside your house. Do not keep your dog outside when it is cold and wet. At home you can also keep the dog warm with the help of carpets. This will make him comfortable and help him to recover fast.Increase the fluid（流质）intake as it helps a lot. Water can be the best choice but you can also add broth（肉汤）in water which will give your dog strength. Warm water will make your dog more comfortable and will also keep the dog away from the respiratory infections（呼吸道感染）.Steam treatment is considered to be effective in getting rid of cold. It makes the nasal（鼻的）passage wet, which helpsproper breathing. Just fill your bathroom with steam and leave your dog inside the bathroom for 15 minutes. Do it nearly 2 to 3 times a day and you will see your dog recovering.These are some of the things you can do to help your dog recover from cold. However, if you are not able to find any improvement in its health, then turn to the vet for help immediately. Take your dog for regular checkups so as to avoid complications（并发症）.32. From the first paragraph we know about __________.A. the difficulty in keeping a dog as a petB .characteristics of sick dogsC .the similarities between dogs and human beingsD. causes and symptoms（症状）of cold in dogs33. When your dog catches cold, you should feed it on _______.A .the suggested food by the vet B. its favorite foodC. some meat and waterD. food rich in vitamin B34. When a dog catches cold, it is wrong to ________.A. keep it inside during cold and wet weatherB. leave it inside the bathroom full of steamC. let it eat too much solid foodD. keep it sleeping on rugs at home35. It can be learnt from the text that _________.A. a dog’s cold can always disappear naturallyB. it’s qu ite easy to make a sick dog recover from coldC. treating a dog’s cold sometimes needs a vet’s helpD. cold in dogs won’t spread between each other.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

曹杨二中2017学年度第二学期高一年级期中考试英语试卷第Ⅰ卷（共105分）II. Grammar and Vocabulary (50分)Section ADirections: Read the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Black Friday is the Friday following Thanksgiving Day in the United States, often 1 (regard) as the beginning of the Christmas shopping season.The date for Black Friday 2 (vary) between 23 and 29 November, not like Christmas Eve, Black Friday is not a federal holiday, 3 California and some other states observe “The Day after Thanksgiving” 4a holiday for state government employees. Many non-retail employees and schools have both Thanksgiving and the day after 5 , followed by a weekend, thereby increasing the number of potential shoppers. It has routinely been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005.In recent years, many retailers, like Walmart, Target, Toys R’Us and Best Buy kick off a Black Friday saving event 6 stores and online, 7 (lower) the prices on popular toys, updated electronics and fashionable clothes to attract more customers one or two weeks earlier. In some cases, this may trigger more and more ridiculous deals, especially 8 it involves camping outside stores for silly amounts of time to get to a chance at one the only two units available in a particular sale. In many others, it’s just a great time to save some money.Black Friday has long been a high-risk, high-reward day for retailer. 9 the consumers expect long lines and extended hours at stores across the country, the retailers constantly change their retail strategies, 10 (hope) to boost their sales figures.Like it or not, Black Friday will remain important.Section B: Multiple choiceNot until I began to work how much time I had wasted.【A】didn’t I realize【B】did I realize【C】I didn’t realize【D】I realizedOnly by practice a few hours every day, be able to master the language.【A】you can【B】can you【C】you will【D】will youIf you don’t go, neither .【A】shall I【B】do I【C】I do【D】I shallNo sooner to the station the train left.【A】had I got, when【B】I had got, than【C】had I got, than【D】did I get, when----Your father is very strict with you.---- . He never lets off a single mistake of ours.【A】So he is【B】So is he【C】He is so【D】So does hetoday, he would get there by Sunday.【A】Would he leave【B】Was he leaving【C】Were he to leave【D】If he leaveNever in my life such a thing.【A】I have heard or have seen【B】have I heard or seen【C】I have heard or seen【D】did I hear or see----Here ! Where is Xiao Liu?----There .【A】comes the bus, is he【B】comes the bus, he is【C】the bus comes, is he【D】the bus comes, he isThe old man seems here for more than twenty years. 【A】to be living【B】to have lived【C】to have been lived【D】to liveThe explosion sent us in all directions.【A】run【B】running【C】to run【D】ranI regret you that we are unable to offer you employment.【A】to have informed【B】having inform【C】to inform【D】informingDid you see that by the police over there.【A】questioned【B】to be questioned【C】being questioned【D】questioningEverything into consideration, they ought to be given another chance.【A】Taken【B】Taking【C】To take【D】Having takenThere’s no need . We have got plenty of time.【A】hurrying【B】to hurry【C】to be hurried【D】being hurriedWhat’s the chance of there an election this year?【A】is【B】to be【C】being【D】beIf , the experiment will be successful.【A】carefully doing【B】it done carefully【C】carefully done【D】doing carefullyTo someone, a British person often shakes hands with the stranger.【A】Introducing【B】To introduce【C】To be introduced【D】On being introducedLittle Franz thought of nothing but football.【A】play【B】to play【C】played【D】playing, a rabbit ran across the course and knocked the ball into the hole【A】While golfing【B】While they were golfing【C】being golfing【D】it was golfingI had warned him, he was late for school, made him not take the important examination.【A】What; that【B】That; which【C】Which; that【D】As; whichHe comes or not, I will wait until 10p.m.【A】Whenever【B】Whether【C】If【D】ThroughIt was that we wanted to stay here for another two days.【A】such fine weather【B】such a fine weather【C】so fine weather【D】so fine a weatherPerseverance is a kind of quality —and that’s it takes do anything well.【A】what【B】that【C】which【D】whyHe gave a book to entered the classroom.【A】who【B】whom【C】whoever【D】whomeverIn an armchair an old man, behind his photo taken in Beijing.【A】was sitting; him was【B】was sitting; whom hang【C】sat; him hung【D】sat; whom hungThese photographs will show you .【A】what does our village look like【B】what our village looks like【C】how does our village look like【D】how our village looks likeMeeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, I will always treasure.【A】that【B】one【C】it【D】whatDon’t use words, expressions or phrase only to people with specific knowledge.【A】being known【B】having been known【C】known【D】to be knownThe black teacher set a good example all the rest of the group, all peace-loving people.【A】to, who are【B】for, which was【C】to, which are【D】to, who wereHe’s making progress in his lessons that everyone else in his class considers him as a good example tofollow.【A】such a great【B】so great【C】very great【D】such greatSection CDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Eating lots of fruit and vegetables could help protect teenagers from mental health problems, according to anAustralian study published in an academic journal.The study of 3,000 adolescents aged 11 to 18 found that those who had poor diets filled with junk and1 foods were more likely to suffer mental health problems such as depression and2 .The participants filled in questionnaires about their diets and 3 symptoms in 2005 and again in 2007.The study found that teenagers who ate healthy diets had fewer mental health problems than those with poor diets.The study also found that improvements in diet quality were 4 by improvements in mental health,while deteriorating diet quality was 5 with poorer psychological 6 .Jacka said the finding suggested it could be possible to stop some mental health problems 7 inadolescents by ensuring they ate healthy diets.“Having good nutrition-rich foods is really important for adolescents because it's a time when they are growingrapidly and it's essential they have 8 nutrition,” Jacka said.Studies show one in five Australian adolescents has some forms of mental health problems, caused by genes and 9 factors such as stressful events in early childhood.Jacka said parents could protect children against mental health problems by eating two serves of fruit and five serves of vegetables a day, as well as 10 to wholegrain food and lean meats while avoiding junk food.III. Cloze (15分)American parents usually think that their child should not have more pocket money than the children with whom he regular connects even if they are wealthier. But neither are children expected to 1 with the richer if a large family, heavy responsibilities, or other conditions make it 2 to give a child less spending money than is customary in the neighborhood.1. A. deal B. communicate C. fight D. compare2. A. necessary B. important C. urgent D. meaningful3. A. pupils B. teachers C. children D. parents4. A. setting aside B. dealing with C. getting rid of D. making up5. A. main B. slow C. full D. real6. A. miss B. lose C. disappear D. melt7. A. tall B. large C. healthy D. small8. A. resist B. avoid C. enjoy D. delay9. A. encourage B. force C. beg D. allow10. A. prizes B. salaries C. incomes D. gifts11. A. develop B. grow C. process D. decline12. A. timely B. equal C. suitable D. satisfactory13. A. save B. spend C. calculate D. manage14. A. because B. however C. therefore D. otherwise15. A. miserable B. poor C. rich D. smartⅣ. Reading comprehension (40分)Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)What’s On?Electric Underground7.30pm-1.00am Free at the Cyclops TheatreDo you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.8.30pm-10.30pm Comedy at KaleidoscopeCome and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria StageThis is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind ofcomedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza WorldFine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.1. Who can help you if you want to have your music producedA. Jules Skye.B. Gee Whizz.C. Charlotte Stone.D. James Pickering.2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laughA. The Cyclops TheatreB. KaleidoscopeC. Victoria StageD. Pizza World3. What do we know about Simon’s WorkshopA. It requires membership status.B. It lasts three hours each time.C. It is run by a comedy club.D. It is held every Wednesday.4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songsA. 5.00pm-7.30pm.B. 7.30pm－1.00am.C. 8.00pm-11.00pm.D. 8.30pm-10.30pm.(B)As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations _UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect. Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditionsEthnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now, through the two organizations that he has founded –the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project __Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, for the world available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.1. Many scholars are making efforts to ______.A. promote global languagesB. rescue disappearing languagesC. search for language communitiesD. set up language research organizations.2. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to ?A. Having full records of the languagesB. Writing books on language teaching.C. Telling stories about language usersD. Living with the native speaker.3. What is Turin’s book based on?A. The cultural studiesB. The documents available at Yale.C. His language research in Bhutan.D. His personal experience in Nepal.4. Which of the following best describe Turin’s work?A. Write, sell and donate.B. Record, repair and reward.C. Collect, protect and reconnect.D. Design, experiment and report.(C)In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Australian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.At the Same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.1. What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginningA. To bring Europe together again.B. To honor heroes of World War II.C. To introduce young theatre groups.D. To attract great artists from Europe.2. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947A. They owned a public house there.B. They came to take up a challenge.C. They thought they were also famous.D. They wanted to take part in the festival.3. Who joined the “Fringe” after it appearedA. Popular writers.B. University students.C. Artists from around the world.D. Performers of music and dance.A. has become a non-official eventB. has gone beyond an art festivalC. gives shows all year roundD. keeps growing rapidly(D)Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real”and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.1. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A. To explain what they are.B. To introduce BookCrossing.C. To stress the importance of reading.D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The book.B. An adventure.C. A public place.D. The identification number.3. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A. Meet other readers to discuss it.B. Keep it safe in his bookcase.C. Pass it on to another reader.D. Mail it back to its owner4. What is the best title for the text?A. Online Reading: A Virtual TourB. Electronic Books: A new TrendC. A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD. A Website Links People through Books(E)The oldest and most common source(来源) of renewable energy known to man, biomass is one of the mostimportant forms energy production in the United States and elsewhere. Since such a wide variety of biomass materials is everywhere – from trees and grasses to agricultural and city- life wastes- biomass promises to play a continuing role in providing power and heat for millions of people around the world.According to the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS), biomass is a kind of renewable energy source that produces no carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), because the energy it contains comes from the sun. When plant matter is burned, it gives off the sun’s energy. In this way, biomass serves as a sort of natural battery(电池) for storing the sun’s energy. As long as biomass is produced continuously – with only as much grown as is used – the “battery” lasts forever.According to the Energy Information Administration, biomass has been one of the leading renewable energy sources in the United States for several years running through 2007, making up between 0.5 and 0.9 percent of the nation’s total electricity supply. In 2008—although the numbers aren’t all in yet – wind power probably took over first place because of the rapid development of wind farms across the country.Producing power from biomass helps reduce some 11 million tons of carbon dioxide each year. Some homeowners also try to make their own heat by using biomass materials. Such practice may save homeowners’ money, but it also produces a lot of pollution. So, the best way is to encourage power plants to use it.1. Why is biomass considered as “a sort of natural battery”A. It burns merely plant matter.B. It keeps producing electricity.C. It stores the energy from the sun.D. It produces zero carbon dioxide.2. We learn from the text that in 2008.A. wind power would be the leader of renewable energyB. there was a rapid growth of electricity productionC. biomass might become the main energy sourceD. 0.5~ 0.9% of power supply came from biomass3. Why does the author encourage power plants to use biomassA. To prevent the waste of energy.B. To increase production safety.C. To reduce pollution.D. To save money.4. Where does the text probably come fromA. A research plan.B. A science magazine.C. A book review.D. A business report.第Ⅱ卷（共15分）Ⅴ. Translation (共15分) (2’+3’ 3’+3’+4’)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他们每人都有自己的卧室。

曹杨二中高三英语周测试卷ireader18019II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passa6e coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I miss the smell of my son's hairYears ago I remember a school experiment where we wore blindfolds to pretend to be blind and, on another occasion, wearing headphones to experience being deaf. However, I don't remember (1) (talk) about not having a sense of smell. In fact, I wasn't aware that somepeople couldn't smell (2)_ I met Max Christian. Max is a congenital anosmic--which means hewas born without a sense of smell. This condition (3) (call) anosmia. And in the US alonethere are over two million people who have it. Some were born that way, but most developed it as a result of an illness of injury.One of the worst implications of having no sense of smell is a significant loss of taste. The taste of food is a combination of sensations from your tongue and, much more importantly, the smell of gases from (4)you are chewing. "Water, apple juice, onion juice. Never (5) I tellthe difference between them!" Max admits.Day-to-day life also gets a lot more dangerous without the warnings (6) (provide) by asense of smell. Think of the times you've left something on the oven for too long. The first sign of what an anosmic gets is the smoke. And have you ever checked the freshness of milk by smelling it? “ I ' ve been off work sick countless times (7) food poisoning," says another sufferer.Congenital anosmics are often quite practical about then sense of smell. (8) they ' ve neverhad one, they can ' t miss it. But for some, especially those who have developed anosmia later in life, the effect can be very upsetting and lead to serious depression. "I miss the smell of my son's hair, the smell of roses... and even snow," says the personal account of a woman (9) hued injury lefther an anosmic. "I feel like not smelling has left me (10) (miss) a part of life that everyone elsetakes for granted." 【参考答案】1. talking ;2. until;3. is called;4. what ;5. can;6. provided;7. because of;8. Since;9. whose;10. missing 【分析】1. remember doing 记得做过某事2. 结合上下句，考察not...until... 结构：“直到⋯⋯才⋯⋯”不能够 ”区分所以用 can ， Never 否定词放句首句子部分倒装。

2017-2018学年上海市普陀区曹杨二中高一下学期英语期中考试试卷I. Grammar and Vocabulary（20分）Section A （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called."So Much Trouble in the World".Marley understands that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people.The United Nations understands this too and that's(21)_______it made Nov.16 "International Day for Tolerance."But first of all, what is tolerance?French philosopher V oltaire(1694-1778)(22) give us some help.According to him,tolerance"is the consequence of humanity." "We are all formed of frailty(脆弱)and error, let us pardon each other's folly(总微)-that is the first law of nature,”Nobody is perfect.When we(23) (temp)(诱惑)to criticize another person,we should perhaps remember our own imperfections first.Very often,people don't realize that they're intolerant.This is(24)_______intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance.For example, the U.N.'s campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males.But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put(25)_______sin the shoes of women.It's worth thinking a little about the words"tolerance"and"intolerance."Are they(26)_______(good)words to describe the evils of which we are speaking here?To agree to be"tolerant”of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing.When someone is tolerated,it implies that there's something wrong with them.But it seems wrong that people should agree to "tolerate" people(27)_______black skin,for example.And should women think they(28)_______(receive)the respect they deserve when men agree to"tolerate”them?Still,(29)_______Voltaire said stands:"We humans are not perfect and that's the reason why we should be tolerant."It's a little like generosity(慷慨).We can give things to another person,and we can also give our forgiveness.Bob-Marley understands this.In the song(30)_______(mention)above,he advises:"All you got to do:give a little."【答案】21.why22. can23. are tempted24. because 25.themselves26.the best 27. with 28. have received 29. what 30. mentioned【解析】21. 考查表语从句，句子中缺少原因状语，因此用why引导。

2022-2023学年上海市曹杨第二中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷1. You can find taxis waiting at the bus station________ you can hire to reach your destination.A．which B．where C．when D．as2. That land, ________you get your strength, is the only thing________ matters.A．for which; / B．from which; that C．where; which D．that; but3. I didn’t mean ________ anything, but these apples looked so good that I couldn’t resist ________ one.A．to eat; trying B．to eat; to tryC．eating; to try D．eating; trying4. Big companies usually have a lot of branch offices________ in different parts of the world.A．to have operated B．be operated C．operating D．having operated.5. _______as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.A．To accept B．Having accepted C．To be accepted D．Accepting6. —What was the party like?—Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.A．after B．whenC．before D．since7. Now that we________ all the money, it’s no use turning on me and saying it’s all my fault.A．had lost B．lost C．have lost D．lose8. Although she wants her paintings________ in the gallery, we don’t think they will be popular because they are quite unconventional and not what most people expect________ in a gallery.A．displayed; seeing B．to display; to seeC．displaying; to be seeing D．displayed; to see9. —You’ve agreed to go. So why aren’t you getting ready?—But I________ that you________ me to start at once.A．don’t realize; want B．don’t realize; wantedC．haven’t realized; want D．didn’t realize; wanted10. It was three weeks________ she realized that she was the subject of a practical joke________ her friends had been planning for months.A．since; which B．that; that C．until; which D．before; that 11. Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs, relative pronouns or adverbs, or conjunctions.Delivering Food by DroneA Singapore restaurant plans to use drones(无人机)to transport food and drinks 1 the kitchen to a wait station near customers’ tables.Infinium Robotics, the Singapore company that’s developing the drones for restaurant chain Timbre, has spent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each night for business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.But how does the drone know where to land? What if someone bumps into the drone or is standing in its way? "There’s no chance at all 2 it will hit anything," says Infinium Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.The drones automatically charge while 3 (wait)in the kitchen. 4 the chef puts an order on the drone, he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations. Sense-and-avoid technology 5 (build)into the drone won’t allow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way. The drones 6 (equip)with sonar and an infrared sensor, too.A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button 7 sends it back to the kitchen. The drones, weighing a little over five pounds, 8 carry just over four pounds of food. Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as much food."Its job is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks," Woon said. "If they let the robots do the job, they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about 9 (high)customer satisfaction and dining experience."Since it drew recent media attention, Woon 10 (hear)from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States.12. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. appealingB. approachesC. illustrationsD. remainderE. affectedF. sacrificesG. permanentH. permitI. servedJ. revealedK. hit1. Tired of the constant moving and lack of stability, the family decided to make their home in a small town and after months of searching they finally found the perfect________ residence.2. It is important to remember that when pursuing dreams, it’s okay to reassess priorities and make adjustments as needed because________ shouldn’t come at the expense of one’s well-being.3. The children’s book was full of colorful________ that brought the story to life and captured the reader’s imagination, providing endless hours of entertainment for both children and adults alike.4. Receiving positive reviews from critics and earning high ratings, his new series is asmash________ and has become incredibly popular with audiences.5. The investigation________ that the company’s financial statements were inaccurate, which led toa loss of investor confidence and a decline in stock prices.6. A valid work________, without which one may face legal consequences such as tines or deportation, is a must for any foreign national who wants to apply for a job in this cosmopolitan city.7. Boasting a cozy atmosphere and friendly service, the new restaurant has a(n)________menu that features a variety of dishes from different regions, making it a great place to enjoy a meal with friends and family.8. The company’s new policy________ the interests of its shareholde rs by increasing profits, but it came at the expense of its employees who had to face pay cuts and layoffs.9. As a professional graphic designer, I always strive to produce high-quality designs and I believe that my attention to details and creative________ set me apart from others in the industry.10. After distributing the cookies evenly among the children, there was still some left, so they decided to divide the________ among themselves based on who had been the most helpful during the day.13. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. addressesB. announceC. estimatedD. publisherE. claimsF. authoritativeG. unconfirmedH. sourcesI. literacyJ. spotK. intentionWith so much fake news online, it can sometimes be hard to figure out the truth. Concern about the phenomenon led some tech companies to 1 that they’ll crack down on fake news sites.Fake news is a(n) common occurrence — you see it on your social media feeds, and even on forwarded messages on your phone’s group chat. There’s always one person in your group who likes to send 2 news from what can only be described as doubtful origins.It was even named 2017’s word of the year by dictionary 3 , Collins, which describes fake news as “false, often sensational, information spread under the guise of news reporting”.Here’s our advice on how to 4 a fake.First, check the website and quality of the articles. Look at the 5 of the story and read other articles on the site — are they well written with proper citations or are they full of grammatical errors? You should also make sure that you’re on a legal ne ws site. Some fake sites use 6 and even logos that are similar to those of real news organizations. For example, is real, while . co is not.Second, is it the whole truth and nothing but the truth? Sometimes a fake news story can have a sliver of truth to it, but most of the facts and figures are plotted from imagination. To make sure, search for the same story on several 7 websites to ensure nothing has been misrepresented.Third, make sure it’s not satire (讽刺). If the story is on a satirical website, you should be aware that the 8 is humour and satire, and not misledBeing able to detect fake news is a crucial part of digital 9 and is an important aspect of life in the digital age. However, not all of the misinformation being passed along online is completely fictional, though some of it is. Snopes. com has been exposing false viral 10 since the mid-1990s, whether that’s fabricated (编造的) messages, distortions containing bits of truth and everything in between.Founder D avid Mikkelson warned in a Nov. 17 article not to sort everything into the “fake news” category. In one word, stay alert and objective.14. Your Accomplishments and YouAn interview requires that you show your qualifications, skills, and job experience. Discussing your accomplishments during an interview is a typical requirement and a great way to ________ yourself from other candidates. Your individual personal achievements tell the hiring managers what you value and allow your ________ to come through in unique ways. Personal achievements are a powerful source of information to discuss because they provide ________ and often quantifiable(可以计量的)information about your skills.Tips for explaining your personal achievementsWhen explaining your personal achievements, it is best to give a(n) ________ that relates to your job performance, duties, or specific industry. Keep the following in mind when providing an employer with some quality examples of your own personal achievements:Be specific. When discussing your personal accomplishments, be specific and give ________ information to help the interviewer ________ the importance of your achievement. You can consider using the STAR interview technique. STAR is an acronym that stands for situation, task, action, and result. It provides a framework for your ________ when you are asked about your achievement. Use ________ verbs. The key here is to use language that shows your devotion rather than just telling them your ________ . You can consider saying something l ike, “I stayed late at work for three weeks and ________ 10 overtime hours to creating a campaign strategy that met all of our client’s requirements,” rather than, “I worked hard to come up with a campaign strategy.” These action verbs express your ________ to your job and can help an interviewer have a better understanding of your devotion to quality work.Have an assertive(肯定的)tone. When explaining your personal achievements, be sure to make eye contact and speak ________ and directly. Having a(n) ________ tone will express confidence and show your strong communication skills. Include numbers and data when possible.Prepare to explain your steps. A smart interviewer will probably have some ________ questions and want to further know about your process. Showing that you consistently take steps to ________ your skills is a characteristic of a growth mindset and shows a potential employer that you are a good candidate.1.A．isolate B．distinguish C．choose D．keep2.A．opponents B．candidates C．sufferings D．strengths3.A．concrete B．subtle C．adequate D．unrealistic4.A．presentation B．example C．speech D．list5.A．latest B．limited C．detailed D．public6.A．stress B．doubt C．acquire D．visualize7.A．response B．employment C．experience D．discussion8.A．beautiful B．regular C．special D．action9.A．ambition B．requirement C．failures D．struggle10.A．spared B．utilized C．wasted D．dedicated11.A．key B．access C．commitment D．approach12.A．freely B．eagerly C．quickly D．clearly13.A．gentle B．positive C．warm D．deep14.A．urgent B．key C．leading D．follow-up15.A．demonstrate B．assess C．sharpen D．learn15. After bouncing my rental car across several miles of red-dirt roads, I walked for nearly another mile down the beach to a deserted valley. It was comforting to think that at the very least I was finally out of cell-phone range.However, even on Kauai, Hawaii’s‘Garden Island’, complete escape wasn’t all that easy to achieve. Noisy helicopters full of tourists flew overhead like so many dragonflies. Every 20 minutes or so the comforting sounds of wind and water were broken by the noise of a speeding tour boat racing to complete another lap around the island. Worst of all, not more than five minutes by car from the resort where I was staying, the Atomic Clock Internet Cafe signaled with promises of instant email.I felt uncomfortable every time I drove by the Atomic Clock Cafe. I am a technology reporter for an online magazine—my life is driven and dominated by email. I’m drowned in it, usually 400 or 500 messages a day. The main reason for my visit to Kauai was to unplug, disconnect, log off, and get away from it all. No cell phone, no electronic organizer, no laptop. And definitely, no email.Yes, my plan was to lie on the beach and not check my email. My friends and family were outraged as they could not underst and how I could bear to live without email. But they didn’t understand. In my job, I am online, all the time. Cyberspace is more familiar to me than my backyard. While I am awake, my email is always on. I don’t like-to be-without it for too long. A few hours away from it, and I start to tremble. I am, however, no stranger to beaches and their relaxing qualities and so I knew, even when arriving well after dark at the comfortable cottage in the town of Waimea, that the island of Kauai gave me a good chance of beating my addiction to electronic devices.Maybe it was full moon lighting the black-sand beach not 10 metes from my door. Or the mango trees casting shadows across the veranda(阳台). Or the driftwood piled in loose heaps for as far as I could see along the shore. Without question, the long, slow sound of the waves rolling in calmed my restless soul, and I found I could, in fact, log off.1. Why did the writer come to Kauai?A．To get away from the modern technology.B．To work for the Atomic Clock Internet Cafe.C．To write reports on technological development.D．1o find whether there is an alternative to email.2. What can we learn about the writer?A．He wrote articles about resorts around the world. B．He enjoyed beach activities like boat racing.C．He was eager to work in his backyard. D．He spent much time working online.3. The word “outraged”(paragraph 4)is closest in meaning to “________”A．relieved B．shocked C．amused D．disappointed 4. The writer described the scenery in the last paragraph in order to ________.A．argue against his friends’ doubt of Kauai B．propose a possible destination of his tripC．highlight the beauty of the beach of Kauai D．show Kauai produced a relaxingatmosphere16.Self-driving CapabilitiesSensor and camera-equipped models from Audi and Volkswagen, among others, don’t just automatically brake to prevent minor accidents; they can actually navigate（行驶）around highway traffic and into garages without a human at the wheel. Attractive DashboardsIn addition to For d’s new Sync system, which better understands voice commands, Apple and Google have partnered with automakers to create interfaces（界面）as user-friendly as the ones on your smartphone.Smarter HeadlightsAudi’s and BMW’s ultra-bright laser headlights can detect oncoming cars and dim slightly to avoid disturbing their drivers. One problem: they’re not yet legal in the U.S.Self-parking SkillsThe new model of BMW’s all-electric can find its own spot in a parking lot, then send signals via a smart-watch app to contact its drivers.1. In terms of Self-driving Capabilities, what makes Audi and Volkswagen stand out?A． Braking when sensing red lights.B． Going into garages without a driver.C． Stopping other cars on highway.D． Taking photos with a camera.2. Which of the cars can adjust the headlights in order not to upset drivers in oncoming cars?A． Ford and Volkswagen. B． Audi and BMW.C． Audi and Volkswagen. D． BMW and Ford.3. In which section of a car magazine does the article most probably appear?A． First Drive. B． Cars For Rent.C． Instrumental Tests. D． Smart Tech.17. “I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from his lab at Texas A&M University. “It’s a stupid endeavor.” That’s an interesting choice o f adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone as 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeed, though they have cloned two cows and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy this spring — or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of man’s best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.Westhusin’s experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missy project, he and the A&M team has failed over and over again. The wastage of eggs and the many fetuses(胎) may be acceptable when you’re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin’s phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses. “A lot of people want to clone pets, especially if the price is right,” says Westhusin. Cost is no obstacle for Missy’s mysterious billionaire owner; he’s put up $3.7 million so far to fund A&M’s research.Contrary to some media re ports, Missy is not dead. The owner wants a twin to carry on Missy’s fine qualities after she does die. The prototype is, by all accounts, athletic, good-natured and super-smart. Missy’s master does not expect an exact copy of her. He knows her clone may n ot have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy’s owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”Besides cloning a great dog, the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs. nurture. It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals. However, Westhusin is cautious about his work. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we’re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”1. By cloning Missy, Mark Westhusin and A&M team attempt to ________.A．figure out the possibility of human cloningB．find out the differences between Missy and its cloneC．study why the prototype, Missy, is so athletic and smartD．show their love for lovely Missy since it has passed away2. It can be seen from the passage that dog cloning _________.A．was conducted long before the sheep cloningB．has gained an unexpected cold response from the societyC．has posed a great financial challenge to WesthusinD．can generate an enormous wealth of economic returns3. What is Westhusin’s attitude towards what he is doing?A．Careful. B．Optimistic.C．Passive. D．Indifferent.4. What can be learned from the passage?A．Current cloning techniques have proved quite adequate for human cloning.B．The outcome of Westhusin’s dog cloning project remains uncertain.C．Dangerous as it is, cloning is an incredibly efficient method.D．Westhusin thought it an interesting attempt to clone human beings.18. When asked in 1993 to comment on accusations that the movie In the Name of the Father distorts （曲解） contemporary British and Irish history, female lead Emma Thompson responded that she couldn't care less. Even since the premiere （首映） in 1915 of The Birth of a Nation, filmmakers have rewritten history to create top-dollar entertainment. The films are very persuasive: well-made movies hold your interest continuously, drawing your attention to “what happens next,” and pulling you forward with no time to reflect on individual scenes until the final credits roll. The result: you don't remember much about a movie after watching it for the first time. For this reason, movies have extraordinary power - unmatched by any other medium - to leave you with a strong sense of what is right and what is wrong, who is bad and who is good, even though critical details presented in the movies may be false.Well, so what? They're just movies. In fact they're not just movies. Millions of Americans are devoted history lovers, and they pack theatres every time new movies about historical figures or events come to town. Saving private Ryan and Titanic drew viewers and cash for months. Many high school teachers screen movies in the classroom. Clearly countless Americans get most of their history from television and the big screen.Some of the industry's finest historical and period films premiered during the past decades. But the 1960s also saw a number of politically charged history-based movies full of factual distortions and, occasionally, outright lies. Today the trend continues on a larger scale: many movies released in the 1990s and the first decade of the 21*t century reflect lack of respect for solid, reliable history. History Goes to the Movies is a source of information and, it is hoped, entertainment for everyone interested in the actual history behind a wide selection of movies grouped into twelve sections--11 covering historical periods and events and twelfth containing biographies and period films. Each movie review includes an essay on the history covered in one or more movies, and a brief plot summary. Star ratings (five stars: don't miss it) reflect each movie's historical accuracy and - to a much lesser extent --- its power to amuse.Obviously, expecting textbook accuracy from movies would be ridiculous-and producers have delivered a remarkable number of historically faithful movies. But some of them get too much of their history wrong. History Goes to the Movies is a guide, however imperfect, for readers and viewers aiming to get it right.1. Emma Thompson said ________ that In the Name of the Father was historically inaccurate.A．it didn't matter. B．it was upsetting.C．It aroused her attention. D．it wasn't obvious.2. By “in fact they're not just movies” (in paragraph 2), the author means that________.A．some movies are much more profitable than othersB．movies serve more purposes than entertaining viewsC．movies tend to provide viewers with false detailsD．the movies about historical figures attract history lovers3. Which of the following is true of History Goes to the Movies?A．It is aimed at those who take interest in biographies.B．It rates a movie mainly according to how amusing it is.C．It introduces a movie's story as well as its related history.D．It focuses on the movies that presented history in a funny way.4. The passage is mainly intended to ________.A．criticize the film industry's favoring entertainment over truthB．point out which films presented history in a wrong way.C．call on film directors to show respect for historyD．introduce a book involving history-based films19. 我能想到大多数老师的两个共同点：他们致力于教学，热爱学生。

上海市曹杨第二中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题一、单项选择1. I __ __ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.A．was planning B．plannedC．had planned D．would plan2. — Have you brought my book?— Oh, no! I________ again. That was stupid of me.A．forgot B．have forgotten C．had forgotten D．forget 3. William Beebe, one of the first men________ the depths of the sea in a bathysphere,got interested in oceanography because of the book.A．exploring B．having explored C．to be explored D．to explore4. ________, the boy was too frightened to go home.A．Having caught cheating in the exam B．Caught cheating in the exam C．Catching cheat in the exam D．To have been caught to cheat in the exam5. The policemen search the room thoroughly, ________nothing________. A．leaving, untouched B．left, untouchedC．to leave, untouching D．left, to be untouched6. Sandra didn’t dare look at him, ________he saw the fear and hatred in her eyes.A．in case B．so that C．as if D．now that7. The coach’s fitness exercises will have no weight-losing effect________ you keep working out regularly.A．as B．wherever C．though D．unless8. To my annoyance, ________he sincerely apologized for not submitting homework in time during online classes, he failed to complete his assignment again.A．since B．when C．because D．though9. It is best not to talk about politics or religion with your business friends. That can get you into trouble, even in the United States, ________people hold different views. A．as B．because C．where D．which10. May recorded the year’s highest plate price in Shanghai ________ the average winning price hit 92,527 yuan, close to the price of entry-level car.A．what B．which C．whose D．when二、用单词的适当形式完成短文11. Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs, relative pronouns or adverbs, or conjunctions.Ancestry TravelEveryone loves a holiday! A little time off for some much- 1 (need) R&R(rest and relaxation)can be exactly the thing to re-energize and refresh. That said, if you’re struggling to think of your next destination then look no further. Don’t wastetime 2 (debate). Let your blood decide.Everybody has a lineage(血统). Recently, finding out more 3 our family origins has become popular. By the start of 2019, 26 million people 4 (take) an ancestry DNA test at home, according to a report by MIT Technology Review. They believe by 2021 this number will have risen to 100 million.This trend 5 (notice) by opportunistic travel operators. Some are looking to provide a service that both allows people to trace their heritage—by literally going back to their roots—and travel to the destinations 6 their ancestors originated.Recently, Airbnb, an online lodging market place, has partnered with 23andMe, a DNA testing and analysis company, 7 (offer) recommendations that encourage travellers to walk in the footsteps of their forefathers. And they aren’t the only ones.The Shelbourne hotel i n Dublin has its own “genealogy butler(家谱管家)”. Hellen Kelly offers consultations to help guests trace their Irish line of descent(后代)using official records, 8 allows them to “fill in the blanks of their Irish ancestry”, she told Good Morning America.The Conte Club, a luxury travel company, offers custom itineraries(行程)based on DNA tests. “These experiences are about exploring deeper into 9 we really are,” says Conte Club CEO Rebecca Fielding in an article in the Condé Nast Traveler. “Itmi ght be the most meaningful trip we can take.”So next time you think of going on vacation, why not take a DNA testfirst? 10 you know how far your family has come, take the time to holiday back.三、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子12. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each wordtime, but, on the flip sid e, I’ll get the opportunity to travel around the world.2. One of the best ways to________ your English is to live in a country where it’s spoken because you will be constantly immersed in the language and have ample opportunities to practice in real-life situations.3. Fresher and more nutritious than imported food, local________ often goes to waste because people mistakenly assume that imported food is of higher quality, which harms local farmers who struggle to make a living.4. Although the company had made significant investments in new technology, which were expected to increase profits, it reported a small________ in its profits, causing concern among its shareholders.5. Due to the fierce resistance of the protesters who had occupied the building, the police finally________ force including tear gas to forcefully enter the building and arrest them.6. The play, with its complex characters and intricate plot, is an ideal________ for her many talents, including her ability to portray a wide range of emotions and capture the audience’s attention with her commanding stage presence.7. There is increasing________ of the complexity of the causes of poverty, which suggests that addressing poverty requires an approach that takes into account various factors such as economic, social, and political issues.8. One of the________ of the trip, in addition to trying all the delicious French cuisine,was seeing the Eiffel Tower, which is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world.9. With the aim of promoting a healthy lifestyle among students, our new campus boasts excellent facilities for sport and________, such as a fully-equipped fitness center, a tennis court, and a running track.10. Although the typhoon was approaching, Shanghai narrowly________ it this time due to the change of its path, which could have caused severe damage to the city.四、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文13. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each wordThe Rise of Retro FashionDo you care about what you wear? Some people are very fashion-conscious, carefully selecting the clothes they buy and how they dress. Fashionistas (时尚达人) always want to be seen in the latest designer gear. But that trend is changing as retro or vintage clothing is becoming a popular and often cheaper 1 .Of course, “vintage” clothing is really second-hand clothing, worn before but given a second life. The fashion industry has rebranded this stuff to make it look 2 and possibly give it a higher price tag. Whereas we may have seen an old faded pair of jeans or a dress with a flower 3 sold at a jumble sale (旧货拍卖会), now weare 4 with boutique and pop-up shops dedicated to the stuff. And in the UK, one supermarket chain has started selling second-hand clothes in some of its stores. According to managing director Steve Lynam, the more people invest in the circular economy and shop vintage, the bigger 5 we will have on climate change.Certainly, buying vintage puts 6 on extending the life of clothing. It cuts down on waste and helps to reduce the environmental damage caused by manufacturing new clothes. It’s also led to the rise of retro-fashion-items that your mum or dad wore decades ago that now look 7 cool again! It’s a big thing with younger people and has been helped by the rise of platforms like Depop and Vinted, which sell “worn” clothes online. As lanina Lucca, Senior Vice President at Depop explained: “The new 8 is looking to make choices that reduce their impact on the environment, with 77% of Gen Z saying that their biggest environmental 9 being that they want their choices to reduce waste.”Another popular way of buying old clothes is in a vintage kilo sale. People pick what they want and then pay according to 10 rather than per item. Some items areupcycled — re-modelled or re-worked by adding embroidery, patches and other additions. However, these second-hand clothes are worn or re-designed, the sustainability of vintage fashion means it’s here to stay for some time to come.五、完形填空14. If you survey American parents about what they want for their kids, more than 90 percent say one of their top priorities is that their children be caring. This makes sense: Kindness and concern for others are held as _________ in nearly every society. But when you ask children what their parents _________ for them, 81 percent say their parents value achievement and happiness over caring.Kids learn what’s important to adults not by listening to what we say, but by_________ what gets our attention. And in many developed societies, parents now pay more attention to individual achievement and happiness than anything else. However much we _________ kindness and caring, we’re not actually showing our kids that we value these traits (特点).Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, then, that kindness appears to be _________. An analysis of annual surveys of American college students showed a substantial drop from 1979 to 2009 in imagining the _________ of others.It’s not just that people care less; they seem to be _________ less, too. In one experiment, a sociologist left behind thousands of what appeared to be lost letters in dozens of American cities in 2001, and again in 2011. From the first round to the second one, the proportion of letters that was _________ by helpful passersby and put in a mailbox declined by 10 percent. Psychologists find that kids born after 1995 are just as likely as their parents to _________ that other people experiencing difficulty should be helped — but they feel less personal responsibility to take action themselves.__________, they are less likely to donate to charity, or even to express an interest in doing so.If we truly care less about one another, some of the blame lies with the values parents have __________. In our own lives, we’ve observed many fellow parents becoming so focused on achievement that they fail to cultivate kindness. They seem to regard their children’s successes as a personal badge (徽章) of honor and their children’s failures asa(n) __________ reflection on their own parenting.Other parents unconsciously __________ kindness, seeing it as a source of weakness in a fiercely competitive world. But there’s no reason parents can’t teach their kids to care about others and themselves — to be both __________ and self-respecting. If you encourage children to consider the needs and feelings of others, sometimes they will andsometimes they won’t. But they’ll soon learn that if you don’t __________ others considerately, they may not be considerate toward you. And those around you will be less likely to be considerate of one another, too.1.A．miracles B．aspects C．virtues D．schedules2.A．want B．make C．change D．buy3.A．answering B．wondering C．challenging D．noticing4.A．praise B．research C．forget D．link5.A．of significance B．out of order C．on exhibit D．in decline6.A．studies B．perspectives C．careers D．backgrounds7.A．thinking B．doing C．helping D．learning8.A．left off B．taken over C．set aside D．picked up9.A．doubt B．recall C．object D．believe10.A．In addition B．By contrast C．For example D．To date 11.A．criticized B．elevated C．assessed D．impacted12.A．accurate B．admiring C．mental D．negative13.A．promote B．understand C．distinguish D．discourage14.A．creative B．initiative C．generous D．idealistic15.A．consider B．treat C．hear D．observe六、阅读理解15. When it comes to money, the world’s luckiest woman appears to be a 63-year-old American called Joan Ginther. She has managed to win the jackpot (头奖) four times. In total she has won over $20 million! Experts say that the chances of winning this much are extremely small.Mrs. Ginther’s first win was in 1993 when she won half of the $11 million first prize of the Texas Lottery. The rest of her money has come from scratch cards. You scratch these cards to reveal if you have a winning code. They are very popular, but not many people who buy them win anything. However, Mrs. Ginther won $2 million from a Holiday Millionaire scratch card in 2006 and then she won another $3 million from a Millions and Millions scratch card in 2008. So, she is perhaps as lucky with cards as with the lottery. She bought the card from the Times Market in Bishop, Texas, the local farming community where she used to live.As a result of these wins, the Times Market in Bishop where Mrs. Ginther bought her card has become very popular. There are often long queues outside the shop and alongthe road nearby. The shop also receives calls from people trying to purchase scratch cards over the phone, even though this is illegal.However, not much is known about Mrs. Ginther. Obviously, her private life is very important to her. Even her neighbours have very little to say about her. Her answering machine says ‘Please do not leave a message’. She is now rarely seen in Bishop because she moved away and she now lives in Las Vegas.Sun Bae, the owner of Times Market, remembers that Mrs. Ginther bought a new car for one of the town residents, even though she herself drives around in an old car. Apparently, she also bought a van for the church. And when she bought her new home in Las Vegas, she donated her old home in Bishop to charity. “She’s helped so many people,” Mrs. Bae said.1. According to the passage, what is the most unusual thing concerning Mrs. Ginther? A．She was luckier with scratch cards than with the lottery.B．She bought the lottery and the scratch cards at the same place.C．She won a large sum of money from the lottery and scratch cards.D．She moved away from where she used to live after she won the money.2. What can be learned from the passage about Mrs. Ginther?A．She keeps herself to herself. B．She is a good friend of Sun Bae’s. C．She buys scratch cards over the phone. D．She doesn’t have an answering machine.3. The last paragraph is intended to .A．show that Mrs. Ginther was generousB．introduce the owner of Times MarketC．describe several possible ways to help othersD．stress how much people in Bishop miss Mrs. Ginther4. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．A Winning Code B．A Lucky Lady C．Lottery Prizes D．Unusual Wins16. Bayfield Shopping CouponsA．A newly-opened shopping mall. B．Special offers at a shopping center. C．Services offered at a shopping center. D．Things on sale in a big shopping mall.2. At the JB Music Store, ________.A．the winner will be decided by what he has selectedB．the result of the competition won’t be known until Nov. 14C．spending at least $1,000, you will have the chance to winD．the prize will probably meet the winner’s taste3. We can know from this passage ________.A．spending $50 means 3 hours of free parkingB．if you buy a book there, you can get another book for freeC．all offers end on November 14D．half-price movie tickets are not available every day17. I wanted the pleasure of being in Africa again. Feeling that the place was so large that it contained many untold tales and some hope and comedy and sweetness too, I aimed to reinsert myself in the bundy, as we used to call the bush, and to wander around. There I had lived and worked, happily, almost forty years ago, in the heart of the greenest continent.In those old undramatic days of my school teaching in the bundu, folks lived their lives on bush paths at the end of unpaved roads of red clay, in villages of grass-roofed huts. They had a new national flag, they had just gotten the vote, some had bikes, many talked about buying their first pair of shoes. They were hopeful, and, so was I, a schoolteacher living near a settlement of mud-huts among trees and fields—children shouting at play; and women bent double—most with infants on their backs—hoeing(锄地) the corn beans; and the men sitting in the shade.The Swahili word safari means “journey”, it has nothing to do with animals, someone “on safari” is just away and unobtainable and out of touch. Out of touch in Africa was where I wanted to be. The wish to disappear sends many travellers away. If you are thoroughly sick of being kept waiting at home or at work, travel is perfect: letother people wait for a change. Travel is a sort of revenge(报复) for having been put on hold, or having to leave messages on answering machines, not knowing your party’s extension, being kept waiting all your working life. But also being kept waiting is the human condition.Travel in the African bush can also be a sort of revenge on mobile phones and email, on telephones and the daily paper, on the aspects of globalization that allow anyone who chooses to get their hands on you. I desired to be unobtainable. I was going to Africa for the best of reasons—in a spirit of discovery—simply to disappear, to light out, with a suggestion of I dare you to try to find me.Home had become a routine, and routine made time pass quickly. I was a sitting duck in this predictable routine: people knew when to call me, they knew when I would be at my desk. I was in such regular touch that it was like having a job, a mode of life I hated. I was sick of being called up and asked for favors, hit up for money. You stick around too long and people begin to impose their own deadlines on you.1. What did the writer expect from his journey?A．To have a variety of enjoyable experiences. B．To see how Africa had changed. C．To see impressive scenery. D．To meet some old friend.2. Forty years ago, how did the writer feel about the future of the country where he was living?A．Little was likely to change. B．Things were likely to improve. C．Women would do most of the work. D．People’s expectations were too limited. 3. In Paragraph 3, what reason does the writer give for wanting to travel to Africa?A．He wanted a change of activity. B．He wanted people to be unable to contact him.C．His health was suffering from staying at home. D．He had been waiting to return to Africa for long.4. The writer says “I was a sitting duck” in Paragraph 5 to show that _______.A．he was boring B．he was easy to findC．he is fond of ducks D．he was always lending money18. So few adults can remember the details of their own preschool or kindergarten years, it can be hard to appreciate just how much the early-education landscape has been transformed over the past two decades. The changes are not restricted to the physical environment of classrooms. Teaching methods and curricula have changed too. Much greater parts of the day are now spent on what’s called “seatwork”(a term that probably doesn’t need any explanation) and direct instruction, formerly used mainly in the older grades, in which a teacher carefully controls the content and pacing of what a child is supposed to learn.One study, titled “Is Kindergarten the New First Grade?” compared kindergarten teachers’ attitudes nationwide in 1998 and 2010 and found that the percentage of teachers expecting children to know how to read by the end of the year had risen from 30 to 80 percent. The researchers also reported more time spent with workbooks and worksheets, and less time devoted to music and art. Kindergarten is indeed the new first grade, the authors concluded. In turn, children who would once have used the kindergarten year as a gentle transition into school are in some cases being held back before they’ve had a chance to start.Until recently, school-readiness skills weren’t high on anyone’s agenda, nor was the idea that the youngest learners might be disqualified from moving on to the next stage. But now that kindergarten serves as a gatekeeper, not a welcome mat, to elementary school, concerns about school preparedness kick in earlier and earlier. A child who’s supposed to read by the end of kindergarten had better be getting ready in preschool. As a result, expectations that may arguably have been reasonable for 5- and 6-year-olds, such as being able to sit at a desk and complete a task using pencil and paper, are now directed at even younger children, who Jack the motor skills and attention span to be successful.Preschool classrooms have become increasingly difficult spaces, with teachers asking pre-schoolers to finish their “work” before they can go play. And yet, even as pre-schoolers are learning more pre-academic sk ills at earlier ages, I’ve heard many teachers say that they seem somehow less curious and less engaged than the kids of earlier generations. More children today seem to lack the language skills needed to retell a simple story or to use basic connecting wo rds and prepositions. They can’t make a conceptual analogy between, say, the veins(纹理) on a leaf and the veins in their own hands.That’s right. The same educational policies that are publishing academic goals down to ever earlier levels seem to be contributing to the fact that young children are gaining fewer skills, not more.1. What can be inferred from the sentence “Kindergarten is indeed the new first grade”? A．Kindergarten is going to replace the first grade in the future.B．Kindergarten kids are asked to learn what first-graders learn.C．Today’s kindergarten kids are smarter than first graders in the past.D．Some kids choose to skip kindergarten to go to the first grade directly.2. By “kindergarten serves as a gatekeeper”, the writer implies tha t some kindergarten kids________.A．might not be able to go to the kindergartenB．are worried about their school-readiness skillsC．are not allowed to move on to elementary schoolD．think of the kindergarten year as a gentle transition3. What idea does the writer intend to convey in Paragraph 4?A．Pre-schoolers need to be academically prepared.B．Preschool teachers are not as kind as they used to be.C．Today’s preschool education doesn’t prove successful.D．Children pick up their first language later than before.4. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．What Preschool Kids Should Be TaughtB．How the New Preschool Is Damaging KidsC．Why We Should Take Preschoolers SeriouslyD．Who Is to Blame for Preschoolers’ Lack of Skills七、汉译英（整句）19. 本培训课程将使你能胜任更专业的工作。

上海市曹杨第二中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末英语试卷一、单项选择1. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A．while B．although C．so D．as2. I was told that it might be at least 10 years ________ it was possible to see a fully developed free trade zone.A．after B．before C．since D．until3. He took a dictionary to hold down the test papers _______ they should be blown away by the wind.A．so long as B．in order that C．for fear that D．on condition that4. _____ kids are spending an hour and a half at a sports practice, most aren’t getting all the activity they need for the day.A．As long as B．When C．Because D．Even if5. One finds it hard to fit in with a new culture _______ he has been accustomed to his own culture.A．the moment B．which C．lest D．as6. ______ a man sets a goal, he should stick to it ________ he eventually accomplishes it. A．Once, until B．When, then C．Though, till D．Before, when7. When he turned professional at the age of 11, Mike ___________ to become a world champion by his coach and parents.A．expected B．was expecting C．was expected D．would be expected8. Sometimes giving a gift is better than spoken communication, since the message it_____ can break through barriers of language.A．offered B．offers C．will offer D．has offered9. The new CRH train between Beijing and Shanghai _____ speed has been limited to 300 km/h focuses more on the safety of the passengers.A．whose B．where C．that D．which10. Enjoy yourselves in a multicultural evening, _____ local guests bring unique food and drink.A．where B．when C．which D．that二、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs, relative pronouns or adverbs, or conjunctions.The Universal Language of FootballBack in 1994, I 11 (work) in Colombia, a very beautiful country that was in those days going through a period of political turmoil (政治动荡). Yet, instable and dangerous 12 it might seem, the land was ripe for adventure. One weekend, I went horseback-riding in the Cauca Valley with two English friends. On the way backwe 13 (stick) in a small town called Tulua, having missed our bus ride back to Cali. It was so late at night 14 I feared as white foreigners, we were easy targets for criminal gangs. As expected, teenagers eyed us with suspicion and made rude remarks. Finally, one of the kids asked, “Where are you guys from?” My friend said New-castle, England. And after a long pause, he followed this up with two magicwords 15 immediately broke the ice...Tino Asprilla?At the time, Tino Asprilla was a legendary Colombian footballerwho 16 (happen) to be playing for Newcastle United, and was, as luck would have it, a native of that very town. The teenage gang welcomed us warmly and gave us a tour of the local bars and introduced us to their brothers and sisters who were delighted to chat with us.That night, I learned two great lessons: Football is a universal language and many great footballers come from poor backgrounds. The ongoing World Cup in Qatar is atestament to this. The final, 17 is set to play in less than two weeks’time, 18 (watch) live by a quarter of the world’s popula tion. With many of the competition’s most dazzling players coming from some of the world’s poorest regions and countries, it is little wonder why the sport has been able to capture such widespread attention of the public.Some people say football is boring 19 it is a low-scoring game. 20 it is true that goals are hard to come by, a 0-0 draw can be thrilling to watch. Also, thanks to its low-scoring nature, it is an ideal sport for underdogs. A last-minute goal can change the fate of a nation and up-end the lives of individuals.三、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word21. Only a trained eye can tell the difference between the ________ painting and a good copy.22. For years now the government has announced the national ________ is working and that it is just a question of time before we all see the results.23. The Egyptian government recently announced that the Pyramid of Chefren will be reopened after a long restoration project in a(n) ________ to revive a tourism industry that was badly affected.24. It might sound crazy, but according to Einstein’s theories, there’s no logical reason why time travel isn’t possible and there are now scientists looking into it as a serious scientific ________.25. People who tend to be happy, energetic and easy-going were ________ as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and unfriendly had a negative style.26. Although this plan had been ________ to improve the living standards of our people, it wasn’t implemented for some reasons unknown to the public.27. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace since unlike the real world, your knowledge about a person is ________ to words on a computer screen.28. Though the drug is commonly used to lower blood pressure, it may have the reverse ________ in a few rare cases, warns the Food and Drug Administration.29. Surprising new research shows that being too ________ in the workplace, instead of resulting in greater productivity, can lead to self-satisfaction and negative outcomes. 30. A four-year-old girl, Britain’s youngest iPad owner, is currently undergoing therapy after becoming ________ to playing games on her iPad.四、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each wordLearning Beyond the ClassroomField trips are a fun and exciting opportunity for students to investigate our outdoor classroom. Catamount Institute offers pre-designed or 31 field trips that encourage and inspire students to explore our region’s local natural areas. Our 32 curriculum supports classroom learning and a memory-filled experience with your class. See below for pre-designed field trip descriptions!Pricing for field trips begins at $5 an hour / per student (minimum 25 students)Teen LeadershipThe great outdoors is an ideal location to 33 one’s leadership and teamwork abilities. Students will 34 in a series of activities that will improve their leadership, communication and team-building skills. Get out of your comfort zone, meet new people, and have fun with us by signing up for our leadership and team development course! Season: All seasonsH2 WoahExplore the water systems of the Pikes Pe ak Region! Learn about Colorado Springs’ unique water systems and how to 35 water quality, and learn what we can do to protect our water sources. Students will explore how our global water system and the water 36 affects and is affected by the patterns and systems of the world. Students will be 37 with the challenge of trying to find solutions to 38 and current issues, will develop an increased understanding of how humans and nature are connected, and will leave our course with the knowledge they need to help the cities of our world grow sustainably.Season: Fall, Spring, SummerEco HeroesTree-filled slopes, high alpine ecosystems and the interface of wildlife and urban areas are just a few of the places and topics you will get to explore over the course of this ecological conservation field trip. Explore Sondermann Park or other local areas to learn about the ways in which humans and nature are 39 . Students will discuss ways to make wildfires less serious, why erosion 40 is important, and the role that is being played by the different types of flora and fauna in our backyards. Students will use hands-on tools such as binoculars to get a closer look at their surroundings.Season: All seasons五、完形填空When I became an amputee (截肢患者) at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and 41 .Too busy 42 physical pain and obvious mobility limitation, I was not aware of this change at first. I was determined to 43 , feeling good about the progress I had made, as I moved forward.44 , as I made my first excursion outside the hospital, society had already assigned me a new status. Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital, I rolled through the shopping mall – a 45 survivor, feeling like a war hero. Unfortunately, I had a rude 46 as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their effortsto 47 my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs.Mothers 48 held their children closer as I passed. Elderly women patted me on the head saying, “God Bless You!” with 49 in their eyes.While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed 50 at the empty pants. Finding nothing there, she looked up at me with a puzzled look, she innocently asked, “Lady, where did your legs go?”I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn’t been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to 51 them. Leaning her head upwards, she asked, “Did they go to ‘Leg Heaven’?”That incident made me think about how 52 children and adults react to the unknown. To a child, an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a 53 learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror. I began to realizethat, I, too had been 54 of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner. By using a 55 approach, I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn’t mea n having a poor quality of life.41.A．comfort B．fear C．hatred D．sadness42.A．crying with B．figuring out C．holding back D．dealing with 43.A．endure B．quit C．revenge D．succeed44.A．Instead B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore45.A．calm B．poor C．proud D．rare46.A．awakening B．ending C．happening D．proceeding47.A．turn B．hold C．catch D．avoid48.A．softly B．protectively C．reluctantly D．pleasantly49.A．pity B．anger C．depression D．upset50.A．curiosity B．determination C．enthusiasm D．satisfaction 51.A．lose B．adjust C．remove D．stretch52.A．differently B．positively C．strangely D．sympathetically53.A．painful B．potential C．similar D．common54.A．conscious B．guilty C．ignorant D．short55.A．creative B．flexible C．positive D．scientific六、阅读理解A Swedish Professor at Natural History came out to the farm to ask me for help. He had come to Africa to find out at what stage of the embryo (胚胎) state the foot of the monkeys begins to differ from the human foot. For this purpose, he meant to go and shoot Colobus monkeys on Mount Elgon.“You will never find out from the Colobus monkeys,” I said to him, “they live in the tops of the trees and are shy and difficult to shoot. It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want.”The Professor was hopeful. He was going to stay out till he had got his foot, he said, even if it was be for years. He had applied to the Game Department for permission to shoot the monkeys he wanted. The permission he was, in view of the high scientific object of his research, certain to get, but so far he had had no reply.“How many monkeys have you asked to be allowed to shoot?” I asked himHe told me that he had, to begin with, asked for permission to shoot fifteen hundred monkeys.Now I knew the people at the Game Department, and I assisted him to send in a second letter asking for a reply by return of post, since the Professor was keen to get off on his research. The answer from the Game Department did, for once, come by return of post. The Game Department, they wrote, were pleased to inform Professor Landgreen that, in view of the scientific object of his research, they had seen their way to make an exception from their rules, and to raise the number of monkeys on his license from four to six.I had to read the letter over twice to the Professor. When the contents at last were clear to him, he became so deadly shocked and hurt, that he did not say a single word. To my expressions of sympathy he made no reply, but walked out of the house, got into his car and drove away sadly.56. By “It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want”, the author implies that ________.A．it was no easy job to get Colobus monkeysB．there were very few Colobus monkeys in AfricaC．he wished the Professor good luck in doing the researchD．the Professor was sure to obtain the embryo despite the difficulties57. What can be learned about the Game Department from the passage?A．It funded the Professor’s scientific research.B．It allowed the Professor to shoot only six monkeys.C．It was set up to help researchers to find wild animals.D．It made rules about where to shoot Colobus monkeys.58. Why did the Professor say nothing after the author read the letter to him?A．The Professor found his research was meaningless.B．The Professor realized his cruelty in shooting monkeys.C．The Professor couldn’t carry out his research as expected.D．The Professor felt sorry for brining trouble to the author.59. Which of the following is covered in the passage?A．The scarcity of Colobus monkeys. B．The change of the Professor’s mood. C．The origin of the Game Department. D．The significance of animal protection.Running is a great form of exercise. However, running under certain conditions can cause a variety of injuries.The National Running Association recently released the results of its latest survey on common running injuries, as illustrated in the picture on the right. According to the survey results, the most reported cases are related to knee injury and muscle pull, with the former occurring a little less frequently. About a quarter of the respondents say they have had plantar fasciitis, The number of respondents suffering from Achilles tendonitis or shin splints is nearly twice that of those with stress fracture, which is also what fewest respondents report.There are two main causes of running injury: structural imbalance and training volume. Structural imbalance occurs when a certain muscle group is weak and requires other muscle groups to help. The body adapts to stresses and becomes stronger. This is the basic principle of training. However, if you push too fast or run too far, you can stress the body in such a way that it never has time to fully recover. Training progression and moderation are the keys to avoiding overuse injury.Here are several ways to avoid running injury.● Prepare your body for running by walking.● Understand your body type and be patient.● Follow a sensible training plan or find a coach.● Wear the right shoes.The cause of the injury is not easy to diagnose. For example, a foot problem can cause a problem in the knees or back. Finding and treating the cause of a running injury is the job of a trained doctor. More importantly, listen to your body and recognize the signs of overtraining so that you can avoid running injury.60. Which group of injuries best fits the blanks numbered ①, ②, ③ and ④ in the picture?A．① knee injury; ② muscle pull; ③ stress fracture; ④ shin splintsB．① muscle pull; ② knee injury; ③ stress fracture; ④ Achilles tendonitisC．① knee injury; ② muscle pull; ③ shin splints; ④ stress fractureD．① muscle pull; ② knee injury; ③ Achilles tendonitis; ④ stress fracture61. According to the passage, which of the following leads to structural imbalance? A．Using some muscles more intensely than others.B．Training weak muscles more often than strong ones.C．Adapting your body to stresses slowly.D．Giving your body little time to recover.62. According to the passage, if you want to find out why your back and knees hurt after running. you had better _____.A．turn to a coach for help B．consult a trained doctor C．understand your body type first D．wear another pair of running shoesCharles Blackmore led an expedition across one of the last unexplored places on earth, the Taklamakan Desert in western China. His team was composed of four Britons, an American photographer, four Chinese, 30 camels and six camel handlers. It later turned out that the camel handlers had never worked with camels before, but were long-distance lorry drivers: a misunderstanding that could have cost everyone their lives and certainly affected the expedition’s success. This mixed group set out to cross 1,200 kilometres of the world’s most deserted desert and Charles Bla ckmore has written a book for their journey.At the time, he was about to leave the Army after 14 happy years. He launched the expedition for fun, to fill a gap in his life, to prove something. “I had always assumed I’dspend my whole life in the Army. I had been offered promotion but suddenly I felt I wanted to see who Charles Blackmore really was, outside all that. It was a tremendous gamble. Tina, my wife, was very worried that I wouldn’t come back as nobody had ever done that route; we went into it blind. In the event, it took 59 days to cross from west to east, and the desert was very kind to us.”Anyone reading his extraordinary account of the crossing will wonder at the use of the word “kind”. The team suffered unspeakable hardships: extremes of temp erature; severe thirst; the loss of part of their precious water supply… “But”, Blackmore explains, “when we were at the limits of our own endurance and the camels had gone without water for seven days, we managed to find some. We didn’t experience the Taklamakan’s legendary sandstorms. And we never hit the raw, biting desert cold that would have totally immobilised us. That’s not to say that we weren’t fighting against difficulties the whole time. The fine sand got into everything. The high dunes were difficult to climb, for us and for the camels, which often rolled over onto us.”“What drove me on more than anything else was the need to survive. We had no alternative plan. Neither our budget nor time allowed one. No aircraft ever flew over us. Once we got into the sandhills we were completely on our own.”If it was like that at the beginning, how did they feel towards the end? “When you’ve walked for 1,000 kilometres you’re not going to turn back. You’ve endured so much; you’ve got so much behind you. We we re very thin, but very muscular despite our physical exhaustion”.63. When the expedition members set off, some of the group ________. A．presented an unexpected risk B．disagreed with each otherC．were doubtful of success D．went on ahead of the others64. Charles Blackmore had decided to set up the expedition because ________.A．he was certain he could complete it B．he wanted to write a bookC．his aims in life had changed D．his self-confidence was low65. Which of the following best describes the team’s experience of the desert?A．It was worse than they had expected.B．It presented continual difficulties.C．They were not able to have enough rest.D．They sometimes could not make any progress at all.66. According to Blackmore, what enabled him to finish the expedition?A．His lack of funding. B．His strength of will.C．His physical preparation. D．His understanding of the desert.Genetic testing offers people insight into the types of diseases they are most likely to develop — but a new study suggests most people do not alter their lifestyles based on this information. These tests — known as genome sequencing — analyze a person's DNA, telling patients about their known risk for diseases like cancer or diabetes. But being told you’re at a higher risk for lung cancer doesn’t seem to motivate anyone to quit smoking or alcohol, this study suggests. Because of this, the scholars argue that genetic testing should be banned as a tool for improving people's health.Today’s finding came from pulling data from 18 other studies that followed people after they received the results of genetic tests. Receiving information about genetic risks didn’t inspire people to eat differently, exercise more, or stop smoking, "Expectations have been high that giving people information about their genetic risk will empower them to change their behavior, but we have found no evidence that this is the case," study author Theresa Marteau, director of behavior and health research said in a press release.Genetic testing, which the National Institutes of Health says costs anywhere from $100 to $2,000, has become much more accessible as commercial testing companies such as 23andMe and Sure Genomics have sprung up. These companies are not allowed to share disease risk estimates with consumers thanks to the Food and Drug Administration. However, today’s study didn’t specify whether the genetic testing were purely from academic sequencing, or if any of these companies had had a role in supplying the data.Genetic testing doesn’t get people to change their behavior for the better, but it doesn't have any known negative effects either. Knowing the results of these tests didn't change people's depression or anxiety levels. And there's no indication that testing inspires people to pick up risky or dangerous health habits either, the study found.Actually a genetic predisposition to a certain disease is common amongpeople. Some people are born weak in heart. Some are innately vulnerable in digestive system. But these most common risk factors usually don't raise a person's chances of getting the disease by a significant amount. It's possible that some of the patients in the study had substantially high disease risks based on their DNA profile, but those patients tend to be rather rare. "It’s still l ikely that communicating this type of information is very valuable to some people, but it’s just that there aren’t that many of those people," Zikmund-Fisher from the University of Michigan said. "The idea that providing genetic risk information is going to be transformative to everyone seems unlikely."67. Why did some experts suggest stopping genetic testing?A．Genome sequencing aren’t accurate in detecting certain disease risks.B．Genetic testing results fail to encourage people to remove bad habits.C．Genetic testing does neither good nor harm to people’s behaviorial improvement. D．Genetic testing results are offered by commercial testing companies.68. The underlined word predisposition to in the passage is closest in meaning to _____. A．testing on B．prediction about C．sensitivity to D．insight into 69. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A．Theresa Marteau believes genetic testing helps to change people’s behaviors. B．Sure Genomics is forbidden to deliver illness risk expectations to patients. C．Genetic testing results are totally coming from academic sequencing.D．Genetic testing results in a way worsen the patients’ moods and emotions.70. It’s said that people’s unconcerned response to genetic testing doesn’t cau se much harm because ______.A．getting rid of bad life habits doesn’t do much good to people’s healthB．almost all people have certain disease risks based on genetic testingC．providing genetic risk information interferes with the medical treatment D．genetic testing shows few people are at a high risk of getting certain diseases七、汉译英（整句）71. 司机承认他该对这起事故负责。