语法填空上课讲义
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题型满分攻略1语法填空Part1 题型解读一、题目要求二、命题形式无提示词,有提示词三、答题要点无提示词时,只能填1个词。
通常为:介词、冠词、连词、代词。
有提示词时,使用提示词的正确形式,1—3词。
总体特征:一般10个题目,通常只有1个题的答案是2个词,其余都是1个词。
当一个题目有2个正确答案时,不能2个都写,否则算错。
当一个题目的答案可以省略时,不能省略,否则算错。
四、命题规律制作表格展示考点Part2解题技巧一、有提示词1.名词1)名词的数技巧:one of +复数a few/several/many + 复数2)名词的格’s2.动词1)技巧:①“左顾右盼”法空前为without, by, about, in, on, at等介词时,空后面动词用动名词。
介词动名词(v.)过去分词(v.)by②系动词后面的词要使用形容词。
系动词形容词(提示词)2)谓语动词和非谓语动词判断方法:3.形容词考点技巧:①-l ly(-l结尾)②以-ble/-ple接尾的形容词, 其副词形式通常是-bly, 又如probable →probably,terrible → terribly, comfortable→ comfortably。
③比较级(adj.) than...④最高级前用thethe same/most/best...⑤特殊的形容词动词转化而来。
4.词形变化(本质:考察词缀)词性的判断1)名词2)形容词、副词技巧:be adj. (提示词)3)n./v →adj. adj. →adv./–er/-esthealth healthytaste tastyhappy happinesscomfort comfortableimportant重要的importance 重要性nature naturaldanger dangerousadvise advice 建议choose choice 选择decide decision 决定arrival arrive 到达succeed success 成功apologize apology 道歉effect affect 影响grow growth 成长;增长difficult difficultydifferent differencepatient耐心的patience 耐心health 健康healthy 健康的pride 自豪proud 自豪的safe safetywarm暖和的warmth 暖和pollute pollutionhope hopefulsleep sleepystrong strength要求通过做题总结独特的技巧。
►第22讲语法填空(讲义)【复习目标】1. 掌握命题规律和语法知识2. 夯实语法基础3. 掌握句子成分分析词性转换的规律4. 掌握固定搭配(冠词和介词)5. 掌握答题的技巧【考情分析】分析近几年新高考语法填空题可知,纯语法规则测试题难度降低,强化考生英语的实际运用能力、理解能力和逻辑推理能力的试题逐渐增加。
语法填空题命题突出语境,命题包含“词、句、篇”三个层面,彰显“无语境不命题”。
语法测试点包括词法和句法,涉及动词时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、冠词、代词、介词、复合句和特殊句式等。
近年高考真题语法填空考点细目表【网络构建】命题规律:考查形式:有提示词(6~7个)和无提示词(3~4个)两种。
有提示词:名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态,语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别等;无提示词:介词、冠词、连接词、代词等;且每空只能填一个单词。
一、提示词为动词解题策略:分析句子结构,确定空格处是否做谓语。
➢做谓语:1.确定时态(分析语境和全文的时态)2.确定语态(分析与主语之间的关系)3.确定单复数(分析主语的单复数)➢不作谓语:1. 作非谓语 a.分析在句中充当哪一种句子成分;b. 分析与谓语之间的先后关系;c. 分析与逻辑主语之间的关系2.词性转换(分析在句中充当哪种句子成分)【真题典例】【解析】考查谓语动词时态。
句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。
分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。
故填wished。
2.【2023年全国甲卷】Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 50 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.【答案】be employed【解析】考查谓语动词的语态。
专项训练(1)在设空处填入一个适当的关系代词或关系副词,使文章结构完整,语意通顺。
There was a time __1__ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English. And this is the reason __2__ my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school. When I first came to the club,__3__ I met many strangers,I missed my parents very much. So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately,my guide __4__ teacher was Li Yang,communicated with me face to face,from __5__ I gained some useful instructions. He also showed me a good partner,and we got along well with each other. Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities __6__ we did. My father and the guide __7__ encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appreciated. Now I feel it interesting to learn English,into __8__ I put my entire energy. Every day I will read my words and passages aloud. In class I will join in English discussions. Before I go to sleep,I will recall my passages,through __9__ I can memorize a large number of new words.__10__ our English teacher says,“As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance,we will conquer English sooner or later.”专项训练(2)Ⅱ.在下列空格处填写一个适当的连接词,使结构完整,语意通顺。
I like reading very much. My classmates' question is __1__ I began to love reading. Actually,I love reading as a child. I grew up in a college town and I spent all my summer vacations in this university. What I meant was __2__ I was surrounded by libraries and the people who loved to read.__3__ I went to the library to read every day was one of my favorite hobbies. My love of reading was credited with the fact __4__ my parents only let me watch an hour of TV a day. I learned to entertain myself through my mind and imagination. It’s not really surprising __5__ literature became my vocation. Recently I have been reading a lot of multicultural women's legends. Jane Goodall went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university.__6__ there are some connections between chimps and human beings puzzles me a lot. Thanks to Jane Goodall,her research showed me the answer. She argued __7__ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment. After finishing her story,I still have some doubts __8__ she could achieve great success on her own in the forest. Lin Qiaozhi,a doctor,became a specialist in women's illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.__9__ made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.__10__she didn't choose to have a family of her own is clear to me now.专项训练(3)在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
AThere __1__ (be)a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly and lazy daughters. Not only __2__ they get good cares,but also they needed to do nothing. However,__3__ by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get access to food;and seldom could she __4__(gain)some rest. Not __5__ midnight was she allowed to go to bed. Poor __6__ she was,she was very beautiful. One day,from the palace came __7__ invitation,saying that the prince would choose his wife.Away went her stepmother and her stepsisters to the palace. Never had Cinderella__8__(be)permitted to go with them.“__9__ (be)I a princess,I would live a whole new life!”sighed Cinderella. No sooner had she sat down __10__ a goddess appeared and gave her a smart dress,a cargo as well as horses. But she warned Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 o’clock. When Cinderella arrived at the party,__11__ attractive was Cinderellathat the prince only danced with her. Hardly had the clock stricken twelve __12__ Cinderella began to run,and she left a crystal slipper on the stair. The prince's servant came to Cinderella's to find out the owner of the slipper. Cinderella’s elder sister couldn't wear it.__13__ could another sister. Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly. From then on she lived happily ever after with her prince.BOur school library, along with many other buildings,is very different from other schools. There __14__ (be)two computer rooms,three art rooms,a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books __15__ (be)large,and maybe there are 100,000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 200,000 dollars. Maybe 200,000 dollars __16__ (be)large to every student. In the era of knowledge explosion,the number of thestudents who __17__(have)a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays,our library has been developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student __18__ (like)to surf the Internet at weekends here and now you can see that my classmates,Mike and John __19__ (play) computer games there. When you turn to another room,you will find that a professor and writer __20__ (deliver)a speech. Each boy and each girl__21__ (focus) on his interesting speech. Every time there is a wonderful speech,the audience always __22__ (cheer) up. You are entering our art exhibition. A teacher with his students is at the room. On the wall __23__ (be)100 pictures,which attract many students. An expert and teacher is explaining something important to us.专项训练(4)Ⅱ.语篇填空,根据短文语境,在空白处填入动词的适当形式Recently in the US,more students prefer __1__(leave)the campus and study in a foreign country for half or one year. Some people may be __2__(frighten):communicating in a foreign language,leaving friends and adjusting to a new environment are very difficult for students__3__(study)abroad. However,the experience students have abroad is often impossible to gain at their home universities. “Globally,there is so much __4__(do).I'm hoping __5__ (go)somewhere and experience something I wouldn't get at home,”a student who intended __6__(study)abroad said. It was said that the increase had something to do with the universities' promise that they encourage students __7__(study)overseas. The universities have been really good about saying that students need __8__(go)abroad. Some people believed that the __9__(increase)interest was simply the result of individual (个性的)growth within students. “I think that students are continuing __10__(recognize)the value of an international experience,”one said. “I'm very proud of this generation. Students that return from foreign countries bring back a sense of global awareness that other students want__11__(experience).For many American students,some of the most important lessons abroad are those __12__(experience)outside the classroom. Students can have deep opinions. Even very small cultural difference can surprise the students.专项训练(5)Ⅱ.语篇填空,用括号中动词的适当形式填空。