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大学英语综合教程2提高篇单元作文范文Improving Proficiency in English: A Journey of GrowthStudying English as a second language is a challenging but rewarding journey. As a college student, I have been continuously learning and improving my English skills through various methods and strategies. In this essay, I will share my experiences and insights on how to enhance English proficiency by using the materials from the book "New College English Integrated Course 2".To begin with, the "New College English Integrated Course 2" provides a wide range of reading materials, including articles, essays, and short stories. Reading is crucial for language acquisition, as it helps broaden vocabulary, enhance grammar skills, and improve comprehension. I have found that reading regularly from the textbook not only exposes me to different writing styles and structures but also helps me understand complex ideas and concepts. By engaging with the readings actively, such as underlining key points and summarizing the main ideas, I can better retain the information and gradually build my reading skills.Additionally, the textbook offers various listening exercises that have been instrumental in improving my listening comprehension. Listening is a vital aspect of language learning as it allows us to understand native speakers and improve our pronunciation. I have been practicing listening to dialogues, interviews, and lectures from the book, focusing on understanding the main ideas, key details, and the speakers' tone and attitude. By listening repeatedly and taking notes, I have noticed a significant improvement in my listening skills, as I can now comprehend spoken English more easily and accurately.Furthermore, the writing exercises in the textbook have been invaluable in enhancing my writing skills. Writing is a crucial skill that requires practice and constant feedback to improve. Through the writing prompts and assignments in the book, I have been able to practice different types of writing, such as essays, reports, and emails. I have also received feedback from my instructors and peers, which has helped me identify areas for improvement and refine my writing style. By revising and editing my work based on the feedback received, I have seen a marked improvement in my writing, including structuring my ideas logically, using appropriate vocabulary and grammar, and expressing my thoughts clearly and concisely.Moreover, the speaking activities in the textbook have been instrumental in developing my speaking skills. Speaking is an essential skill for communication and interaction, and practicing speaking regularly is crucial for fluency and confidence. I have participated in group discussions, debates, and presentations from the book, which have allowed me to express my opinions, defend my arguments, and engage with my peers. By actively participating in speaking activities, I have become more confident in expressing myself, organizing my thoughts coherently, and articulating my ideas effectively.In conclusion, the "New College English Integrated Course 2" has been a valuable resource for improving my English proficiency. By engaging with the reading, listening, writing, and speaking materials in the book, I have been able to enhance my language skills and develop a deeper understanding of the English language. Through regular practice, feedback, and reflection, I have seen significant progress in my English proficiency and confidence. I believe that continuous learning and improvement are essential for mastering a language, and I am committed to furthering my growth in English proficiency through diligent study and practice.。
新编大学应用英语综合教程2第二单元作文The Importance of Effective Communication in the Modern WorkplaceIn today's rapidly evolving business landscape, the ability to communicate effectively has become increasingly crucial for success. As organizations strive to stay competitive and adapt to new challenges, strong communication skills have emerged as a critical asset for professionals across all industries. This essay will explore the significance of effective communication in the modern workplace, highlighting its impact on productivity, collaboration, and professional development.Firstly, effective communication plays a pivotal role in enhancing workplace productivity. In a world where information and tasks are constantly exchanged, the ability to convey ideas, instructions, and feedback clearly and concisely can greatly streamline work processes. When employees can understand and act upon communications with ease, it reduces the risk of misunderstandings, delays, and rework, ultimately leading to more efficient and timely completion ofprojects.Moreover, effective communication fosters stronger collaboration among team members. In today's increasingly interconnected work environments, where cross-functional collaboration is often essential, the ability to communicate effectively becomes a vital skill. When team members can exchange ideas, provide constructive feedback, and coordinate their efforts seamlessly, it leads to a more cohesive and productive work environment. Effective communication enables team members to align their goals, share knowledge, and work together towards common objectives, ultimately enhancing the overall performance of the organization.In addition to its impact on productivity and collaboration, effective communication also plays a crucial role in professional development. As employees navigate their career paths, the ability to communicate effectively can open doors to new opportunities, such as promotions, leadership roles, and the ability to influence key decision-makers. Professionals who can articulate their ideas clearly, present their work with confidence, and engage in productive dialogues are often viewed as valuable assets by their employers. Effective communication skills can also enhance an individual's personal brand, making them more attractive to potential employers or clients.Furthermore, effective communication is essential for building strongrelationships with colleagues, clients, and stakeholders. In the modern workplace, where interpersonal interactions are frequent and often crucial to business success, the ability to communicate with empathy, respect, and cultural sensitivity can greatly improve professional relationships. By fostering open and transparent communication, professionals can build trust, resolve conflicts, and collaborate more effectively, ultimately strengthening the overall work environment.However, it is important to note that effective communication is not a one-size-fits-all approach. Professionals must adapt their communication styles to the specific needs and preferences of their audience, whether it's a formal presentation, a team meeting, or a one-on-one conversation. This requires a deep understanding of various communication techniques, such as active listening, non-verbal communication, and the use of appropriate tone and language.In conclusion, the importance of effective communication in the modern workplace cannot be overstated. From enhancing productivity and collaboration to supporting professional development and building strong relationships, the ability to communicate effectively is a crucial skill for success in today's business environment. As organizations continue to evolve and face new challenges, the demand for professionals who can communicatewith clarity, empathy, and strategic acumen will only continue to grow. By prioritizing the development of effective communication skills, individuals and organizations can position themselves for long-term success in the ever-changing landscape of the modern workplace.。
一、教学目标1. 培养学生英语写作的基本技能，包括句型结构、段落组织、文章结构等。
2. 提高学生的英语表达能力，使学生能够运用英语进行有效的沟通。
3. 培养学生的批判性思维和创造性思维，提高学生的逻辑推理能力。
4. 培养学生的英语写作兴趣，激发学生的学习积极性。
二、教学内容1. 英语写作基本技能：句型结构、段落组织、文章结构。
2. 英语写作常用词汇和短语。
3. 英语写作常用句型和表达方式。
4. 英语写作技巧：如何构思、如何组织材料、如何修改文章。
5. 英语写作实践：书信、报告、摘要、评论等。
三、教学方法1. 讲授法：讲解英语写作的基本知识和技巧。
2. 讨论法：引导学生进行小组讨论，分享写作心得和经验。
3. 案例分析法：分析优秀英语写作作品，提高学生的写作水平。
4. 实践法：让学生进行写作练习，及时反馈和指导。
四、教学步骤1. 导入新课- 通过提问或小组讨论，引导学生回顾已学过的英语写作知识。
- 提出本节课的学习目标，让学生明确学习方向。
2. 讲解英语写作基本技能- 讲解句型结构、段落组织、文章结构等基本知识。
- 举例说明，让学生理解并掌握相关技巧。
3. 介绍英语写作常用词汇和短语- 列举一些常用词汇和短语，并解释其用法。
- 让学生进行练习，巩固所学知识。
4. 分析英语写作常用句型和表达方式- 举例说明常用句型和表达方式，让学生了解其特点。
- 让学生进行练习，提高运用能力。
5. 讲解英语写作技巧- 讲解如何构思、如何组织材料、如何修改文章等技巧。
- 通过案例分析，让学生了解优秀写作作品的特点。
6. 实践环节- 让学生进行写作练习，如书信、报告、摘要、评论等。
- 教师巡回指导，及时反馈和纠正学生的错误。
7. 总结与反思- 让学生总结本节课所学内容，分享学习心得。
- 教师对本节课进行总结，提出改进建议。
五、教学评价1. 学生对英语写作知识的掌握程度。
2. 学生在写作练习中的表现，包括文章结构、语言表达、逻辑性等。
大学英语综合教程2作文Possible essay:The Importance of Developing Critical Thinking Skills。
Critical thinking is a valuable skill that enables individuals to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to make informed decisions and solve problems. In today's complex and rapidly changing world, critical thinking is more important than ever, as it helps us to navigate the vast amounts of data and opinions that confront us from various sources. Therefore, it is essential for students to develop critical thinking skills in their academic and personal lives, and for educators to foster a culture of critical thinking in their classrooms and institutions.One of the main benefits of critical thinking is that it enhances our ability to think independently and creatively. By questioning assumptions, challengingarguments, and considering alternative perspectives, we can develop our own ideas and insights that go beyond conventional wisdom or received opinions. This not only enriches our intellectual and personal growth, but also enables us to contribute to society in innovative and meaningful ways. For example, critical thinkers are more likely to come up with novel solutions to social, economic, and environmental problems, as they are not bound by the limitations of existing paradigms or ideologies.Another advantage of critical thinking is that it improves our communication skills. By being able to articulate our thoughts clearly, logically, and persuasively, we can engage in productive dialogues with others, whether they share our views or not. This is particularly important in today's diverse and globalized world, where people from different cultures, backgrounds, and perspectives interact and collaborate in various contexts. By respecting and valuing each other's opinions, and by seeking common ground based on evidence and reason, critical thinkers can foster mutual understanding and cooperation that transcend superficial differences andconflicts.However, developing critical thinking skills is not easy, and requires sustained effort and practice. It involves a range of cognitive and affective processes, such as analyzing arguments, evaluating evidence, identifying biases, recognizing fallacies, and managing emotions. Moreover, critical thinking is not a one-size-fits-all skill, but varies depending on the context, the purpose, and the audience. Therefore, educators need to design and implement effective strategies and activities that promote critical thinking in various domains and disciplines, and that cater to the diverse needs and interests of students.Some of the ways to foster critical thinking include:Encouraging students to ask questions, challenge assumptions, and seek evidence that supports or refutes claims.Providing students with opportunities to analyze and evaluate various forms of media, such as news articles,advertisements, videos, and social media posts.Teaching students how to identify and avoid common fallacies, such as ad hominem, straw man, false dilemma,and slippery slope.Engaging students in debates, discussions, and group projects that require them to defend their positions and respond to counterarguments.Encouraging students to reflect on their own thinking processes, and to identify their own biases, assumptions, and emotions that may affect their judgments.Providing feedback and guidance that emphasizes the importance of evidence-based reasoning, logical consistency, and clarity of expression.In conclusion, critical thinking is a crucial skillthat enables individuals to navigate the complex and uncertain world of today, and to contribute to the betterment of society. It is a skill that can be developedand enhanced through education and practice, and that can benefit individuals and communities in various domains and contexts. Therefore, it is incumbent upon educators to foster a culture of critical thinking in their classrooms and institutions, and upon students to embrace the challenge of becoming independent, creative, and responsible thinkers.。
目录第一节、各类书信常用表达 (1)一、建议信 (1)二、投诉信 (1)三、求职信 (2)四、求学信 (3)五、拒绝信 (4)六、道歉信 (4)七、感谢信 (5)八、祝贺信 (5)九、邀请信 (6)十、推荐信 (7)十一、索取信 (8)十二、申请信 (8)十三、倡议书 (9)十四、竞选演说辞 (9)十五、活动海报 (10)十六、招新海报 (10)十七、日程安排/景点介绍 (11)第二节、过渡衔接常用词汇 (12)一、起承转合类词语 (12)二、逻辑关系词语 (15)/第一节、 各类书信常用表达一、建议信1. I would like to suggest that …/ I am writing with my suggestion/ proposal about …/ I am writing to express my views concerning …我想建议……/ 我写信来是想就……一事提出我的建议。
我写信来 是想表达我对……的看法。
2. I feel that it would be beneficial if …/ I would like to suggest that …/ I would recommend that …/ If I were you, I would …我觉得如果……你会十分受益的/ 我想建议……/ 我想推荐……/ 如果我是你，我会……3. I hope you will find these suggestions/ proposals/ recommendations helpful/ practical/ useful.我希望你会觉得这些意见/ 提议/ 建议是有帮助的/ 实际的/ 有用 的。
4. I trust you will take my suggestion into account. 我相信你会考虑我的建议的。
5. I would be more than happy to see improvements in this regard. 我会很高兴看到这方面的改善。
大学生新编实用英语综合教程2关于住宿的英语作文The dormitory is a small world belonging to us,here,we can be carefree.Remember that is our first night to sleep,the class teacher patrol for an hour,then left.At that time,we just came here, do not know the school system,so some people do not know the sky high,after the teacher left unexpectedly got up to play.There are twelve people in our dormitory.When the teacher left at first,no one wanted to take the lead.There was silence for a while,and then somebody finally got impatient and jumped out of bed and said to us;'Come on,let's go out and play.'And all the others got up.We walked out of the room and saw aisle has messed already,noisy,fighting,what all have,I live on the third floor,the teacher of life is live on the first floor,to prevent teachers suddenly attack,there are two men in the stairs on sentry there,some people are too arrogant,shouted loudly,and life was eventually wake up by the teacher,goes to the third floor,However,the sentry two absent-minded,until the life teacher arrived on the fourth floor they did not find,immediately shouted;'The teacher of life is coming.Run.'I hadn't gone far,but I was at the door of my room,and when I heard the cry,I immediately ran back to my bed,my heart pounding,listening to the rumbling footsteps outside and guessing that they must be scrambling toward their dormitories.'For what? 'cried the life teacher angrily.'Stop and run.'I knew someone had been caught.The rest of the people arelucky, not caught,once caught,will certainly be sent to the class teacher that training.The next day,those who were caught were really criticized,because there were so many people involved,so they didn't deal with them one by one. Finally,the matter was settled in this way,through which we were much more honest and didn't dare to make waves with excitement.Each of us has a cabinet,this is where we store clothes,but it is filled with many snacks,there are shrimp strips,potato chips,prunes and so on.It is countless,night after lights out,no one up again,but more scraping sound,this sound often accompanied me to sleep.。
实用英语写作教材Title: Effective English Writing Skills for Practical ApplicationIntroductionIn today's globalized world, the ability to communicate effectively in English is a crucial skill that can open doors to countless opportunities. Whether you are a student, a professional, or someone looking to improve your personal communication, mastering practical English writing skills is essential. This guide aims to provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the key components of English writing and offer strategies to enhance your writing skills for practical application.Chapter 1: The Fundamentals of English WritingTo become a proficient writer in English, it is essential to have a solid grasp of the fundamentals. This includes anunderstanding of grammar, sentence structure, vocabulary, and punctuation.1.1 GrammarGrammar is the set of rules that govern the structure of sentences, phrases, and words in English. Mastering grammaris crucial as it ensures that your writing is clear, coherent, and easy to understand. Some key areas to focus on include subject-verb agreement, tense consistency, and proper use of articles.1.2 Sentence StructureVarying your sentence structure can make your writingmore engaging and interesting to read. Simple sentencesconsist of a subject, verb, and object. Compound sentencesjoin two or more independent clauses using coordinating conjunctions like 'and,' 'but,' or 'or.' Complex sentences include one or more dependent clauses introduced bysubordinating conjunctions such as 'because,' 'although,' or'since.'1.3 VocabularyA rich vocabulary allows you to express your ideas more precisely and vividly. To expand your vocabulary, read widely, use a dictionary to look up unfamiliar words, and practice using new words in your writing.1.4 PunctuationPunctuation helps to organize your thoughts and clarify your meaning. Common punctuation marks include periods, commas, apostrophes, colons, and semicolons. Each mark has a specific function and should be used appropriately to ensure clear communication.Chapter 2: Planning and Organizing Your WritingBefore you begin writing, it is important to plan and organize your ideas. This will help you to write with clarity and coherence.2.1 BrainstormingBrainstorming is a technique used to generate ideas and stimulate creativity. You can brainstorm by jotting down any thoughts that come to mind related to your topic, without worrying about their relevance or order.2.2 OutliningOutlining involves creating a framework for your writing by organizing your ideas into main points and supporting details. This can be done in a traditional outline format or in a more flexible mind map.2.3 Thesis StatementYour thesis statement is a clear, concise statement that summarizes the main point or argument of your writing. Itshould be included in your introduction and serve as a guide for the rest of your text.Chapter 3: Writing Techniques for Clarity and Coherence Once you have planned your writing, it is time to focus on the techniques that will make your text clear and easy to follow.3.1 Paragraph StructureA well-structured paragraph typically includes a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence. The topic sentence introduces the main idea of the paragraph, while the supporting sentences provide evidence or elaboration. The concluding sentence summarizes the paragraph's main point or transitions to the next paragraph.3.2 Cohesive DevicesCohesive devices are words or phrases that connect ideas within and between paragraphs. They include transitionalwords (e.g., 'however,' 'therefore'), pronouns (e.g., 'it,' 'they'), and conjunctions (e.g., 'and,' 'but'). Using cohesive devices effectively can improve the flow and comprehensibility of your writing.3.3 Editing and RevisingEditing and revising are essential steps in the writing process. Editing involves checking for errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Revising involves reevaluating the content and structure of your writing to ensure that your message is clear and effective. It may involve adding or deleting information, reorganizing paragraphs, or refining your thesis statement.Chapter 4: Advanced Writing StrategiesAs you become more comfortable with the basics of English writing, you can start to explore more advanced strategies to enhance your writing skills.4.1 Rhetorical DevicesRhetorical devices are techniques used to create a powerful impact on your reader. Examples include metaphors, similes, alliteration, and personification. These devices can add depth and interest to your writing, making it more memorable and persuasive.4.2 Tone and StyleThe tone of your writing reflects the attitude you take toward your subject and your audience. It can range from formal to informal, serious to humorous. Your style is the way you express yourself through your writing, including your word choice, sentence length, and organization. Being aware of your tone and style allows you to tailor your writing to suit different contexts and purposes.4.3 Persuasive WritingPersuasive writing aims to convince the reader to accept a particular viewpoint or take a specific action. To write persuasively, you need to present compelling arguments supported by evidence, address counterarguments, and use emotional appeals when appropriate.ConclusionMastering practical English writing skills is a journey that requires dedication, practice, and an understanding of the key principles outlined in this guide. By focusing on the fundamentals of grammar, sentence structure, vocabulary, and punctuation, and by planning and organizing your writing with clarity and coherence, you can develop your writing skills to a high level. Additionally, by incorporating advanced strategies such as rhetorical devices, adjusting your tone and style, and learning persuasive techniques, you canfurther enhance your writing and adapt it to various contexts and purposes. Remember, practice makes perfect, so continueto write regularly and seek feedback to refine your skills. With commitment and effort, you can become a highly skilled and effective English writer.。
应用型大学英语综合教程基础篇2感谢信作文Dear Valued Readers,I am honored to express my sincere gratitude for the remarkable opportunity to be a part of the "Applied University English Comprehensive Course Fundamentals II" program. This comprehensive course has not only enhanced my English proficiency but has also provided me with invaluable insights into the world of language learning.The curriculum of this course has been meticulously designed to cater to the diverse needs of students like myself. The modules encompass a wide range of topics, from grammar and vocabulary to speaking and writing skills. Each lesson has been thoughtfully structured, striking a perfect balance between theory and practical application.One of the aspects I have particularly appreciated is the emphasis on interactive learning. The classes have been characterized by engaging discussions, thought-provoking activities, and collaborativeprojects. This interactive approach has not only reinforced my understanding of the subject matter but has also fostered a sense of community among my fellow classmates.The instructors who have guided us through this journey have been truly exceptional. Their deep knowledge, exceptional teaching abilities, and unwavering dedication have been instrumental in our growth and development. They have not only imparted their expertise but have also inspired us to push the boundaries of our own capabilities.Moreover, the resources provided throughout the course have been invaluable. The comprehensive course materials, including textbooks, supplementary readings, and online resources, have been meticulously curated to support our learning process. These resources have not only expanded my knowledge but have also ignited my curiosity to explore the English language further.Beyond the academic realm, this course has also had a profound impact on my personal development. The skills I have acquired, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and effective communication, have already begun to translate into tangible benefits in my daily life.I feel more confident in expressing my ideas, engaging in meaningful discussions, and navigating the complexities of the English-speaking world.As I reflect on my journey through this course, I am filled with a deep sense of gratitude and appreciation. The knowledge and skills I have gained will undoubtedly serve as a strong foundation for my future endeavors, be it in academia, the professional realm, or personal growth.In conclusion, I extend my heartfelt thanks to the entire team responsible for the "Applied University English Comprehensive Course Fundamentals II" program. Your unwavering commitment to excellence and your dedication to fostering our growth have been truly inspiring. I am confident that the lessons I have learned and the experiences I have gained will continue to shape my path forward, empowering me to become a more proficient and confident user of the English language.Thank you for this remarkable opportunity.Sincerely,[Your Name]。
•In this part you will read several definition paragraphs. After each of the definitions a name of a thing is given followed by some information about it. Write extensive definitions of the given names modeling after the examples.•Vitamin is a chemical compound that the human body needs in small amounts. Vitamins make up one of the major groups of nutrients and regulate chemical reactions by which the body coverts food into energy and living tissues.•Protein: one of the main classes of foods, essential to animals, obtain from what they eat, be high in protein contents, cheese, eggs, meat, fish, milk, make up a large part of, build, maintain, repair, tissue, bone, muscles•Protein is one of the three main classes of food essential to the body of human being and other animals. They obtain proteins from the foods they eat. Foods that are high in protein content include cheese, eggs, fish, meat and milk. All protein contain iron, phosphorus and sulfur. Proteins are large, complex molecules made up of smaller units and they make up a large part of each cell. Therefore, they are important in building, maintaining and repairing body tissues, especially bone cartilage and muscle.•Measurement ranks as one of our oldest skills. It is the process of finding out how many measuring units there are in something. Theseunits include inches, meters, pound, grams, and hours. •Calculation: a process, add, subtract, multiply, divide, find a result••Minute is a unit used to measure both time and angles. In time, 60 minutes make up one hour and each minute is divided into 60 seconds. In measuring angles, 60 minutes make up one degree, and a circle is divided into 360 degrees.•Degree: a name given to small units of measure, geometry, maps, measurement of angles, arcs of circles, temperature•Degree is a name given to various small units of measure. In geometry and on maps, a degree is a unit of measurement of angles and of arc of circles. An angle of one degree is 1/90 of a right angle.An arc of one degree is 1/360 of a whole circle. Degrees in geometry are divided into 60 units called minutes. Degrees are also units of measurement of temperature. One degree of temperature on the Fahrenheit scale is 1/100 of the difference between the temperatures of melting ice and boiling water. One degree on the Celsius scale of temperature is 1/100 of the same difference.• A guaranteed annual wage is money paid by an employer to people for the time in which they are not making products. The payments are part of the manufacturer’s cost and hence part of the consumer’s cost. If the manufacturer has ten employees but work for only eight,he must nevertheless recover in the price he gets for the product the payments he makes to his employees for hours they did not work. • A year-end bonus: award money, employees, their performance, their contributions, employers, profits, part of the cost•• 2.2.1 the methods• 1. prep. Phrases:• A metaphor would condense the likeness, for example, into a verb, adjective, noun, or adverb: ”He thundered”; “in his thundering voice”.•The introduction to this section, for instance, concerns the need for explanations to be clear.•We can make it clear by way of examples.•He cited instances in illustration of the theory.• 2. adj. phrases:•Basically, an abstract word denotes something intangible, such as idea, quality, or condition.•Its emphasis is on such important things as knowledge utilization, the management of theory to practice, and the development of managerial skills.•It must deal with such questions as: who will have influence? How will decisions be made? How will task responsibilities be determined?•Animals that climb trees, like cats, have claws.•Other politicians try hard, too, and can be very trying, like the minister of finance.•They admitted that erection of cast iron, like the building of the pyramids in Egypt, was a lost art.•as:•Some animals, as dogs and cats, eat meat.• A word or phrase usually applied to one thing is applied to something quite different, as in “The ship ploughed through the sea”.•The words also refer to expressions, like “by and large” and “all but”as in “all but finished”.• 3. conj. Phrases:•Tone can be formal, informal, relaxed, serious, matter-of-fact, and so on.•The instructor draws up a set of requirements, which might include course objectives, assigned readings and cases, topical sequences, a suggested grading formula, and so forth.•We think of the classroom as a real organization with genuine problems of leadership, structure, motivation, social pressure, interpersonal friction, etc., which parallel those in companies and elsewhere.• 4. verb structure (example, illustration, case)•Chinese swords are good examples of the work of the smith. •This is a case of love at first sight.•I tell you he is selfish. His unwillingness to help his friends is a case in point.•This is a case of what is often thought about, but never so well expressed.•furnish an example, afford an example, cite an example, instance an example, offer an example, quote an example, show an example, give cases in point, mention a case, put up a case, take one case out of many, take it as a case in point•Adj. to modify: single, latest, brief, simple, plain, amusing, opposite, apt, concrete, forcible, extreme, obvious, actual, following, classic, extraordinary, uncommon, the most pronounce d…•This is an isolate and unique example.• A metaphor would condense the likeness into a verb, adjective, noun, or adverb. The following are two typical examples:“He thundered”;“In his thundering voice”.•The verbs for exemplification:•illustrate: The word is illustrated with a sentence. •exemplify: The teacher richly exemplified the use of the word. • 5. the exemplification in oral•The number left behind is not great, say five.•Any one can explain how rockets are used, say me.•Let me just name some of them.• 2.3 Classification• 2.3.1 the popular mistakes• 1. 统一性被破坏•Books can be grouped depending on their covers. They are hardbound books, softbound books, natural science books and social science books.• 2. 排他性被破坏•People aged between 25 and 45 belong to the group that are qualified to act as professional guides.• 3. 包容性被破坏•The criterion for classifying students is their ages. Ages 6-11 are primary school pupils, ages 12-17, middle school students, ages 18-22 college students.• 2.3.2 the words, phrases and sentence structure in classification • 1. 类别•种：•类：•组成成员：•分部：/分支：•目：/纲：/科：/属：/种：•亚类：•亚分支：/ 亚属：/ 亚科：•Birds are divided into 27 orders, are subdivided into 215 families and are further subdivided into 8,514 species.•The sentence may be further divided according to the function each word has in the subject-predicate relationship.•Jawed fish are further divided into two groups according to the composition of their skeletons.•Each of the two subclasses of angiosperms is divided into orders, each order into families, and each family into genera.•粗略的分类••严格的分类••固定的分类••职业（职务）的分类•• 2. the words and phrases for criterion•标准：•特征：•系统：•Many scientists classify forests according to various ecological systems.•Under such systems, forests with similar climate, soil, and amount of moisture are grouped into formations.•根据…的标准•The patients are divided into two groups according to whether they smoke or not.•Bothe smokers and non-smokers are respectively subdivided into two groups according to their sexes.•An adjective clause may be classified according to the antecedent that the introductory word refers to.•Adverbial clauses are usually classified according to the meaning of the conjunction that introduces them.•依据…（划分）；在…基础之上（划分）：•The milk is graded on the basis of bacterial content.•The students are roughly classed in four groups on the basis of family background.•The further subdivision of evergreen are based on the different properties of different classes.•Bicycle sizes are based on the wheel diameter.•Based on such a system, forests are grouped into a needleleaf and a broadleaf forest.•Angiosperms are divided into two subclasses based on the structure of their seeds:…•按…（分类）：•The teacher grouped the students into three kinds depending on their performance in the final exam.•根据：•Stars are classified by brilliance as of the first, sixth, etc. magnitude. •Traffic accidents are classified into six by cause.•Medicines are broadly classed as internal or external ones from their methods of use.•用”标准”做主语•One common ecological system groups the world’s forests into six major formations.•Climate, soil and moisture determine the kinds of trees found in a forest formation.• 3. 表示分类的常用动词和句型•(1) 将…分为若干类：•Scientists divide fish into two main groups: jawed and jawless. •We classify the goods under two large groups.•(2)将…按…分类（排列）：•The cards are grouped in alphabetical order.•Wages are categorized on the basis of wording hours.•The books are placed on the shelves according to authors.•The exhibits are arranged according to schools.•They are put into three groups on the basis of the seriousness of their mistakes.•(3)将…划归某类：•The animal is properly classed in the category of mammals. •Quails are classified with poultry.•He is classed as (with) one of the greatest scientists.•The new-found sort is placed in the third category.•(4)属于某一类：•The books fall into the social science group.•Are Egyptian classed with the white race?•Because these types may cut across each other, a verb may belong to more than one type.•(5)包括若干类：•Birds comprise 27 orders.•Schools in China consists of 4 kinds: pre-school class, primary school, middle school and college.•One group consists of modern bony fish and the second group consists of primitive bony fish.•The clothing store contains three sections: women’s section, men’s section and children’s section.•(6)组成…类：•Pronouns make up a small class of words of very high frequency. •Flowering plants make up the class of plants called angiosperms. •Members of this group, called bony fish, make up for the largest group of fish in the world.•Being young, wealthy and well-educated constitutes the striking feature of the class.•(7)有若干类：•The main grammatical divisions of an English sentence are the subject and predicate.•There are three types of auxiliaries, each serving a different purpose. • 4. 表示分类的其他一些常用句式举例•1）…的分类情况像角锥形状（树形）：•The system of classification of … is like a pyramid (a tree).•2) 为（某种目的）而将…这样分类：be grouped (classified) in sucha way as to do…•为能够把很多具有共性的种划归一类而将植物这样分类。
新世纪实用英语写作第二章徐州工程学院教案2021 年至 2021 年第 1 学期第周星期课题名称（含教材章节）： Chapter Two English Paragraph Writing 教学目的和要求： 1. Toget a general idea of what is paragraph structure; 2. To make sense of how to keep paragraph unity; 3. To master paragraph coherence. 教学重点： What is topic sentence , How to write a good concluding sentence 教学难点：Ways to obtain coherence and sentence variety教学内容（要点） Task 1 Introduction to the paragraph Activity 1 Introduce three parts of a paragraph Activity 2 Explain what is a topic sentence Task 2 English Paragraph Writing Activity 1 Give some examplesto show how to keep paragraph unity Activity 2 practice on how to obtain paragraph coherence Activity 3 Learn by example to know what is sentencevariety徐州工程学院教案纸1Chapter Two English Paragraph Writing Objectives: To get a general idea of importance of paragraph writing To know basic paragraph structure patternsTo master paragraph unity and coherence Materials: textbook, additionalteaching materials Task 1 Introduction to the paragraph Paragraphs are madeup of sentences, single, correct, and effective sentences put together do not necessarily make an effective paragraph. Activity 1 Introduce three parts ofa paragraph One English paragraph usually includes the following three parts:(1) Topic Sentence (2) Supporting / Developing Sentence (3) Concluding Sentence Paragraph Structure Model ? Topic Sentence ? Supporting Sentence1 ? Supporting Sentence2 ? Supporting Sentence3 ? Supporting Sentence4 ? Concluding Sentence Activity 2 Explain what is a good topic sentenceThree essential points: 1. 主题句必须是一个完整的句子 2. 由主题词和主题思想的表述两部分构成 3. 只是一种概括性的陈述而不提供具体的细节 e.g. Gold, aprecious metal, is prized for two important characteristics. Task 2 English Paragraph Writing Activity 1 Give some examples to show how to keepparagraph unity 段落的一致性是指文章基于一个统一的主题，段落内容应保持一致，每个段落只能阐述一个中心思想，每一个句子都应与主题句密切相关。
