导学案必修五 Unit 3 Life in the future (3)

必修五Unit 3 Life in the future 导学案（三）Ⅰ学习目标：掌握V-pp形式做状语的用法。

Ⅱ学习重难点一、重点：掌握V-pp形式做状语的用法。

二、难点：掌握过去分词、现在分词做状语的区别。

Ⅲ学习过程一、概述过去分词（短语）做状语时，用于说明主句动作发生的背景或情况，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果或方式/伴随状况等，多数可以等同于或转化为一个状语从句。

二、特点过去分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，用来说明主句动作发生时主语所处的状态（Vi），或主语和过去分词之间为被动关系（Vt）。

如：Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.（状态）Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks very small.（被动动作）三、用法1. 原因状语，相当于as/since/because引导的原因状语从句。

如：Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t help crying .= As we were moved by what she said, we couldn’t help crying.2. 时间状语，相当于时间状语从句，可以直接在其前加上when/while/until。

过去分词所表示的动作常常先于谓语动作发生，也可能和谓语动作同时发生。

如：（When）Told that his mother was ill, Li Ming hurried home quickly.= When he was told that his mother was ill, Li Ming hurried home quickly.（先于谓语动作发生）When asked why he was late, he went red.（与谓语动作同时发生）3. 条件状语，相当于条件状语从句，可以在其前加上if/unless/once。

如：Given more time, we could do it better.= If (we were) given more time, we could do it better.4. 让步状语，相当于让步状语从句，可以在其前加上although/though/even if/even though等。

如：Wounded, the brave soldiers continued to fight bravely.= Although (they were) wounded, the brave soldiers continued to fight bravely.5. 方式/伴随状语，相当于由and引导的并列结构。

如：He came back, exhausted.= He came back, and he was exhausted.四、注意1. 分词（现在分词/过去分词）做状语时，可以和表示时间/条件/让步的连词连用，如：while, when, once, if, though, although, even if, even though, unless，即为状语从句的省略这一语法。

如：When (the moon is) compared with the earth, the moon is rather small.While (I was) sleeping in the room, I heard a knock at the door.2. 有些过去分词做状语时，不表被动而是表示一种状态或动作的完成，此时可以视其为形容词，做状语时直接去掉be动词即可。

此类最常见的搭配为“be + Vpp(adj.) + 介宾”如下：be lost in, be caught in, be dressed in, be seated, be interested in, be prepared for, be devoted to, be determined to, be supposed to, be absorbed in, be tired of等。

如：Lost in thought, he nearly knocked against a tree by the road.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.3. 现在分词、过去分词（短语）做状语的区别1) 现在分词做状语表示主动/进行，主语与其是主动关系。

如：Seeing from the sky, I found that the city was small.2) 过去分词做状语表示被动/完成，主语与其是被动关系。

如：Seen from the sky, the city was small.3) 如果一个被动的动作发生在谓语动作之前，可以使用现在分词的完成被动式（having been done）或过去分词（done）。

如：（Having been）bitten by the dog twice, the postman refused to send us letters and packages.五、自我检测( ) 1. ____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.A. SeenB. SeeingC. Having seenD. To see( ) 2. ____ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars such as Ronaldo and Messi.A. GivingB. Having givenC. To giveD. Given( ) 3.____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lose( ) 4. ____ into use in April 2010, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns..A. PutB. PuttingC. Having putD. Being put( ) 5. ____ at in this way, the present situation about bird flu doesn’t seem so disappointing. A. Looking B. Looked C. Having looked D. To look( ) 6. ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten( ) 7. ____ everywhere, the wolves had nowhere ____ themselves.A. Hunting, hidingB. To hunt, to hideC. Hunted, hidingD. Hunted, to hide( ) 8. When first ____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced( ) 9. ____ , but he still couldn’t understand it.A. He had been told many timesB. Having been told many timesC. Told many timesD. Although he had been told many times( ) 10. ____ , he still couldn’t understand it.A. He had been told many timesB. Having told many timesC. Having been told many timesD. Although been told many times( ) 11. Unless ____ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invitedD. having invited( ) 12. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding( ) 13. ___ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given( ) 14. ____ between Broadway theaters and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park Hotel is a favorite with many guests.A. LocatingB. Being locatedC. Having been locatedD. Located ( ) 15. ____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offer( ) 16. _____ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated( ) 17. Though____ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A. surprisingB. as surprisedC. surprised D being surprised( ) 18. ____ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded( ) 19. ___ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouragedB. EncouragingC. EncouragedD. Having encouraged ( ) 20. ____ and short of breath, Andy was the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.A. To tireB. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired( ) 21. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______ with his old one.A. comparingB. comparesC. to compareD. compared( ) 22. This is an illness that can result in total blindness if _____ untreated.A. leavingB. leftC. is leftD. to leave( ) 23. Contrast(对照) may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ____ alone.A. seenB. to be seenC. is seenD. having been seen( ) 24. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _____ every day.A. wateredB. wateringC. waterD. to water( ) 25. In order not to be found, I’ll spend the night _____ in your room.A. lockingB. lockedC. to lockD. lock( ) 26. _______carefully, the mixture was bitter.A. TastedB. TastingC. TasteD. To taste( ) 27. ______in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A. DressedB. To dressC. DressingD. Having dressed( ) 28. If ____ in front of the map of China, Shaanxi province is very small on it.A. seenB. seeingC. to seeD. having been seeing( ) 29. My brother, who is a middle school student, although ____ from smoking, has fallen into the bad habit of smoking.A. stoppingB. stoppedC. has stoppedD. to be stopped( ) 30. While _______to go to school every day, they haven’t worked at lessons there.A. forcingB. forcedC. to forceD. having forced。