动名词
动名词由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征。动名词也有时态和语态的变化，不及物动词没有语态的变化，以及物动词write为例。
时态/语态主动被动
一般式__________ __________________
完成式__________ __________________
一、动名词作主语
1. Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。
2. In some cultures, receiving money can make people uncomfortable.
3．Spending time with family and friends is very important to us.
4 .It is no use crying over spilt milk.
5. It is of little good staying up too late every day.
6. It was a waste of time reading that book.
7. It is a lot of fun meeting you.
8 .Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?
9.________________(找到工作) is difficult these days.
10._____________________ (请求帮助)is a very common and necessary activity.
11._________________(知道) how to ask for information politely is important.
二、作宾语
1)、只带动名词作宾语的动词和短语：admit 承认, deny 否认, consider认为, appreciate 感激,
avoid 避免finish , complete完成, delay 耽误, dislike , enjoy , miss 想念, escape 逃脱, imagine 想象, mind 介意,practice 训练,
recall 回忆, resist 抵抗, risk 冒险, suggest, advise , face 面对, include 包括, stand 忍受,understand 理解,forgive 宽恕, keep 继续，burst out…, end up…
give up…feel like…insist on…look forward to…put off…devote sth. to…be busy in …have trouble/difficulty in … object to… get down to… be /get used to…
turn to...prefer doing to…set about …be addicted to...
1. Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
2. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。
3. Everyone burst out _______________(笑)。
4.He has given up _________________(吸烟)。
5.He admitted ______________________(打破了)the window.
6. We suggest __________________________________(用不同的方法做这件事)。
2）、有些动词后接动名词和不定式作宾语时，意义不同。
1. stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。stop doing停止正在做的事。
1). 他们停下来，抽了根烟。_______________________________________
2). 我必须戒烟了。_______________________________________
3). She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested
B. resting
C. to rest
D. rest
2. go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。go on doing继续做原来做的事。
After he had finished his maths，_______________________________________
做完数学后，他接着去做物理。
______________________________after you have finished this one.
作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
3 . forget to d o忘记要去做某事。(未做) remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)
forget doing忘记做过某事。(已做) remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
1.) The light in the office is still on. ______________________________________
办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有关灯)
2). ______________________________________________
他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)
3. _________________________________________________
别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做)
4). ---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh, I forgot___.
A. turning it off
B. turn it off
C. to turn it off
D. having turned it off
5) . ______________________________________________________
记着放学后去趟邮局。
6.) _______________________________________________________
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
4 . regret to do对要做的事遗憾。(未做)
regret doing/having done对做过的事遗憾、后悔。(已做)
___________________________________ but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
______________________________________________________
我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do
B. to be doing
C.to have done
D.having done
5. mean to do打算、想mean doing意味着
_____________________________________but my father would not allow me to.
我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
To raise wage means _______________________________________
增加工资意味着增加购买力。(purchasing power)
6. try to do努力，企图做某事。try doing试验，试着做某事。
You must try ________________________________________你可要多加小心。
I tried _______________________________________ but didn't succeed.
我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
7. be afraid to do不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"；
be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。
She was afraid _____________________ in grass because she was afraid ______________________ by
a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。
她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。____________________________________________________
她生怕吵醒她丈夫。_______________________________________________________
8. can’t help to do 不能帮忙做can’t help doing 情不自禁地做
Sorry, I am busy now . _________________________________(不能帮忙打扫房间。)
他情不自禁地笑了。________________________________________________
9. sth. be used to do _________________________
Sb. be used to doing…_________________________
used to do _______________________________
他习惯于早起。他过去常常早起。这个闹钟用来叫醒他。
________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________
3) 动词allow, forbid, permit advise , recommend …接动名词作宾语，但接不定式作宾补。
我们这儿不许抽烟。___________________________________________________
我们这儿不许学生抽烟。______________________________________________
4) 动词need, require, want 表“需要”，deserve“值得”时,
The window needs cleaning. = The window needs _________________
She deserves to be praised.= She deserves ___________________________
5) be worth doing be worthy to be done be worthy of being done
It is worthwhile to do sth
1.The place is worth visiting / is worthy to be visited / is worthy of being visited.
2. 值得邀请他加入俱乐部。________________________________________________
3. The question is not worth(讨论) ___________________________________________
4. The question is not worthy ________________________________________________
5. It is not worthwhile ____________________________________________________
6)介词后接动名词作宾语
They are thinking of moving to American. What do you mean by saying that?
Upon arriving at the airport , he delivered an important speech.
三、作表语，对主语说明、解释。
1. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。
________________________________________________________________ 比较：She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
四、作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如：
a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台living /dining/reading/ waiting room
a swimming pool washing machine shopping basket walking stick
动名词的时态、被动语态
1.He came into the room without _______________(see)
2.It is fun _____________(take ) to the zoo.
3.Nobody likes ___________________(make fun of ) in public places.
4.The problem is far from _______________(settle)
5.I am sorry for __________________(waste) so much of your time.
6.After ___________________(have ) a year’s practice , he decided to make another affort.
动名词的复合结构
动名词之前有时要加上自己的逻辑主语构成复合结构，逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词，有时也用名词或宾格代词。
I appreciate your helping me.
Do you mind me/ my opening the door？
I can’t imagine George sailing across the ocean in a boat.
George’s sailing across the ocean in a boat surprised all of us.
My coming late made him unhappy.
一．选择
1. My wife suggested ______ to Scotland for a holiday, but I favor _ to visit Wales instead.
a. to go
b. going
c. gone
d. go
2. ______ mathematical concepts of some students was very difficult because the students did not have a
math background.
a. Explain
b. Explaining
c. Have explained
d. Having explained 。
3 The father advise ______ the second-hand car.
a. his son to not buy
b. his son not to buy
c. his son’s no buying
d. that his son not to buy
4. Students from the south prefer _______.
a. eat rice than bread
b. eating rice than bread
c. eating rice to eating bread
d. eating rice to eat
bread
5. Before the invention of aero-planes, ______ in the sky like a bird was only a dream.
a. men fly
b. man to fly
c. man flying
d. man flies
6 .At last they succeeded ______ the job.
a. to persuade him to take
b. in persuading him to take
c. to persuade him taking d . in persuading him taking
7..Another feature worth ______ is the role of information throughout a feedback control system. a.
noticed b. noticing c. being noticed d. notice
8.There’s one thing I dislike about him: he will never admit ______ a mistake.
a. having made
b. making
c. being made
d. have been made
9.Stan spent half a year ______ material for his new book.
a. to collect
b. collect
c. collecting
d. collected
10.It’s no use ______ me not to worry.
a. you tell
b. your telling
c. for you to have told
d. having told
11.The match was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standard court.
a. objected to having
b. objected to have
c. were objected to have
d. were objected to having
12.The teacher doesn’t permit ______ in class.
a. smoke
b. smoking
c. to smoke
d. to have smoke
13 .I like watching TV ______ to the cinema.
a. more than to go
b. more than going
c. than going
d. rather than to go
14 .He felt lonely at first, but after a time he got ______ alone and even got to like it.
a. used to living
b. used to live
c. using to live
d. to be used to living
15.All of us are looking forward to ______ a trip to the Ming Tombs.
a. make
b. making
c. to making
d. have made
16.Withou t the sun’s light ______ the earth’s surface, it would be so cold that life could not exist on the earth.
a. warms
b. warmed
c. warming
d. to warm
17.It is really quite extraordinary that we should have been at the same college without ______ before.
a. met
b. being met
c. having met
d. having been met
18.It is certain that men will never stop ______ new energy sources to power their growing industry. a.
finding b. to find c. having found d. found
19.While she was shopping, she kept ______ the list to make sure she hadn’t forgotten anything.
a. checked
b. checking
c. to check
d. check
20 .She felt bad for ______ a chance to study abroad.
a. having not given
b. not having given
c. having not been given
d. not having been given
21.You should really avoid ______ at home alone as he is old and ill.
a. your father stay
b. your father to stay
c. your father’s staying
d. your father who stays
22.John didn’t want to risk ______ wet as he had only one suit.
a. getting
b. to get
c. being got
d. to be gotten
23.I’m disappointed with the new officers elected in our club, but there is no point _______ about it. a. to
worry b. in worrying c. with us worrying d. if we worry
24.You should remember ______ from the point when you are writing a composition.
a. don’t wander
b. not to wander
c. no wandering
d. not wander
25.Induction means ______ a general conclusion from special facts.
a. to come to
b. to coming
c. coming to
d. came
26.It won’t be any use ______ to borrow any more money.
a. you to try
b. of your trying
c. trying you
d. your trying
27.The law requires all cars _______ for safety and efficiency.
a. being tested regularly
b. to be regularly tested
c. be regularly tested
d. regularly tested
28.I remember ______ to the zoo by my father when I was little.
a. being taken
b. taking
c. have been taken
d. to have taken
29.I completely forgot ______ the front door last night and feel fortunate that nothing is stolen.
a. locking
b. being locked
c. to lock
d. to have locked
30.I regret ______ you that your application has been refused.
a. informing
b. being informed
c. to be informed
d. to inform
二、完成句子
1.He thinks ____________________is a great way to learn a language.（learn）
他认为学习语法是学语言的好方法。
2.Now I am enjoying __________________________.（learn）
我现在喜欢学习语法。
3. Her hobby is _______________________________________________.(collection)
她的爱好是收集鞋子。
4. ____________ makes a person wise. (read)
读书使人明智。
5. The boy likes ___________________________.(play)
这个男孩喜欢踢足球。
6. There is ____________________in my yard. (swim)
我的院子里有一个游泳池。
7. How about _______________________? (go)
我们去购物，怎么样？
8. Do you mind ___________________________? (sit)
你介意我坐在这里吗？
9.For your next vacation ,why not __________________________ Paris?(consider)
你的下一个假日，何不考虑参观巴黎？
10. Paris is well worth ______________________.(visit)
巴黎很值得参观。
11.I remember . (give)
我记得把信给他了。
12.I regret . (follow)
我真后悔听了你的建议。
13.Never mind. in another way. (try)
没关系，试试用另一种方法做。
14.Catching the first bus means . (get)
赶上头班车就意味着要早起。
15. It is no good .(tell)
说谎时没有好处的。
16. I’m sorry for ____________________________ waiting so long. .(keep)
对不起，让你久等了。
17. ___________________________ surprised us all.
他通过了考试令我们惊讶。
18. ____________________________ helps me keep healthy.
我每天散步使我保持健康。
19._______________________ again made the teacher angry. ( come)
他又来迟了使老师生气了。
20.My camera needs _______________________.(repair)我的相机需要修。
随堂检测
完成句子满分20分得分__________
1.Having good table manners means ___________________________________.(know)
好的餐桌礼仪意味着知道如何使用刀叉.
2.The visiting expert preferred giving lecturers to students______________________
to meetings at times.(invite)
来访的专家喜欢给学生作报告，而不喜欢时常被邀请参加会议。
3.I forgot __________________________because I was really occupied with the
work.(advance)
因为我忙于工作，忘记了提前提醒你。
4.I think it difficult to _______________________________,because there are too
many.(remember)
单词太多，我想很难记住所有的单词。
5._________________(一返回), they were praised as national heroes.(on)
6.When I was passing the church , I heard the clock ____________________________.
(strike)我经过教堂的时候，听见钟敲响了12 下。
7.Robert is indeed a wise man. How often I have regretted ___________________________.
(take) Robert 的确是个明智的人，我经常后悔没有采纳他的建议。
8.I am always full of energy. ____________________________every day is my secret.
(plenty) 我总是精力充沛，每天进行大量的锻炼是我的秘诀。
9.Though we felt a little disappointed, we still______________________our basketball
team . ( keep) 尽管我们有点失望，我们还是一直鼓励我们的篮球队。
10.How about two of us ___________________ down the garden ? (take)
我们俩去花园散步，怎么样？
非谓语动词 非谓语动词（一）——动词不定式 动词不定式、分词(现在分词，过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用，所以叫做非谓语动词。 （一）动词不定式：动词不定式由―to+ 动词原形‖构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。 2、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如： （1）作主语：To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other. （2）作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的谓语动词为is，动词不定式to set up… 为表语，主语为plan，但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。）We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的）。 （3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.；②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等，如：I am determined to give up smoking.；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next? （4）作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，如：I saw a little girl run across the street. （5）动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way. （6）作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. （7）作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语：Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，可在不定式前加in order to或so as to（以便或为了），但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可，而so as to不能位于句首，如：She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可强调目的的作用，如：To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式，表示―足能…‖的结果，如：You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式：由for + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for
你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗？ 1. The girl is singing a song. 2. The girl singing now is my sister. 3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好). 三个句子中都有singing。第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous)，是说眼下正在做什么；第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle)，它把sing这个动词转为形容词，但仍有动词的成份（哈哈，这么一说，要把你搞晕了吧:-) 。关于分词，以后有空再谈OK？）。好戏在后头，你看看第三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀？原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了！憧矗瑂ing原本是个动词，可是现在它加上ing后，看来竟像是一个名词了。 一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund) Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下： 1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring. (singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the) 2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes. (rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint) 从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。 二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund) 看看下面的句子： Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher. 上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。 注意：Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。 动名词的功能与用法 一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement): 1.1 作主语 1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ） 2. Running is good exercise. （主语running) 3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking) 1.2 作主语的补语 1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping) 2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing) 1.3 主语置于句尾 1.3.1 用It + be + ... +v-ing 句型 1. It is fun speaking English. 2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染).
高中英语分词作状语精讲(附作文写作亮点2) 难点形成原因: 1. 对在句中作时间、条件、原因还是别的状语不是很清楚。 2．分不清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。 解决办法： 1．理解分词作状语时可以转换成相应的状语从句。 2．分清何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词。 用法讲解： 1.分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件，方式或伴随状况。通常可转换成相应的状语从句；表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列句或非限制性定语从句。 例如： Put into use in April 2000 (=When it was put into use in April 2000), the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. 分词短语作时间状语 Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network (=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network), Alice was in low spirits. 分词短语作原因状语
Given time (=If he is given time), he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. 分词短语作条件状语 We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. (= and think that all children like these things.) 分词短语作伴随状语 2. 有时为了强调，分词前可带when, while, if, though, as if, unless等连词一起作状语，以便使句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。 例如： When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. Though tired, he still continued reading. 3. 现在分词和过去分词作状语时的用法比较。 不管是现在分词还是过去分词单独作状语，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。分词作状语通常可转换成一个相应的状语从句或并列句，如果状语分句或并列句中的谓语动词为被动结构，就用过去分词；如果状语分句或并列句中的谓语动词为主动结构，就用现在分词。例如： When compared with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （04湖北） 分词部分相当于When the biggest ocean is compared with the size of the whole earth, 主语与
习题精选---分词用法: boy went to the ball,＿like a pretty girl. A. dressing B. wearing C. wore D. dressed 2.＿in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 3. The film was made＿on a true old story. A. base B. to be based C. based D. basing 4. When＿,the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 5.＿to his research, he almost forgot everything. A. Devoting B. Devoted C. To devote D. Devote 6. ＿his attention on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming. A. Fixed B. Fixing C. Fix D. To fix 7.＿on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming. A. Fixed B. Fixing C. Fix D. To fix old engineer talked of the difficulty they ＿the tower. A. built B. had building C. had built D. build 9. ＿such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 10.＿the past, our life is becoming much better. A. Comparing with B. Be compared with C. To compare with D. Compared with 11. The boy was last seen ＿near the East Lake. A. playing B. play C. played D. to play was very unhappy for ＿to the party. A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ＿“Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read 14. We went to see him yesterday evening, ＿him away. A. finding B. find C. only to find D. found 15. ＿of plastics, the machines are easy to carry. A. To make B. Having made C. Being made D. Made Suggested answers: 1-5 DACA B 6-10 BABAD 11-15 ADCCD
高中英语语法之动名词 一、含义 动名词兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 动名词有时态和语态的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例） 注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing 二、动名词的基本用法 １．用作主语---常表抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Smoking is bad for your health. Playing with fire is dangerous. Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 注意： ①不定式也可以做主语。不定式与动名词作主语的区别： 不定式作主语时经常表示具体的、 ．．．动作，而动名词 ．．．．一次性 作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。
Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收） It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有：advise，avoid，delay，escape，excuse，enjoy，consider，finish，deny，fancy，keep，mind（在乎）postpone，pardon，practise，suggest，imagine等。 need，want，require后接动名词，表示被动意义。 如：Would you mind opening the door？请你把门打开好吗？ Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport，I saw my mother standing in the
动词 1. A---A---A型（原形、过去式和过去分词同形）bet-----bet-----bet 打赌 broadcast-----broadcast-----broadcast 广播burst-----burst-----burst 爆发 cost----- cost----- cost 花费 cut----- cut----- cut 割，切 hit----- hit--- hit 打 hurt-----hurt-----hurt 伤 let----- let----- let 让 put----- put----- put 放下 read----- read----- read 读 shut----shut----shut 关上，停业 set----set----set 点燃，凝固 spread-----spread-----spread 传播 upset----upset-----upset 心烦，扰乱 2.A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）
beat----- beat----- beaten 打 3.A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形） come----- came----- come 来 become----- became----- become 变 run----- ran----- run 跑 4. A---B---B型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t或直接加-ed构成过去式或过去分词。 burn----- burnt----- burnt 燃烧 deal-----dealt-----dealt 处理 dream-----dreamed-----dreamed 梦想 hang-----hanged-----hanged 悬挂 hear-----heard-----heard 听见 learn----- learned/learnt----- learned/learnt 学习 light-----lighted-----lighted 照亮 mean----- meant----- meant 意思 shine-----shined-----shined 擦亮，照耀 smell-----smelled-----smelled 嗅，闻
现在分词 Form: ?doing ?having done（先后关系） 现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。 Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词，并指出它在句中做何成分。 1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting. 2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward. 5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing. 现在分词做定语： Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences 1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office. They had some overseas working experience. 2. The people take part in a variety of exercise They can keep healthy. 3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds. The seeds help farmers grow better crops. 4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward. These people live in cities. 5.Do you know the boy? He is standing under the tree. 6. The spiders store the mice for later. The mice serve as a source of food. Exercise: compare The swimming pool is clean and big. The swimming boy is his brother. The big writing desk is very expensive. The writing student is Tom’s classmate. 现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果 Exercise: rewrite the sentences 1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy. 2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool. 3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand. 4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football. 以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。 现在分词作状语：相当于状语从句，但从句和主句的____语必须一致. 时间状语： 1. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式） 2. Having read the letter, she got very excited（完成式） 3. ________hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 4. = as soon as _________________________________________. 5. Be careful when crossing the street. 条件状语： 1.If you walk hard, you will succeed. 2. = _______________________________ 伴随方式状语 1. She came _______(run) towards me. 2. The children ran out of the room, __________(laugh) and _______(talk) merrily. 3. ____________(travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. 4. ____________(follow) the guide, they started to climb. 5. _____________(follow) by the students, the teacher entered the office. 原因状语 1. Because I was sick, I stayed at home. 2. Because the woman didn’t know what to do, she telephoned the police. 3. Because Ben had been to the Great Wall m any times, he didn’t go there last week. 4. Because he hadn’t received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to him. 结果状语 1. Her husband died in 1942, ________ (leave) her with five children. 2. He was caught in the rain, thus _________ (make) himself catch cold. 3. I hurried to school, only __________ (find) that it was Sunday. 现在分词做表语： 1. The film is so _________ (excite) that it is worth seeing again. 2. His speech is very ________________ (encourage). 固定搭配： generally speaking ( 一般来说), honestly speaking( 说实话) , strictly speaking (严格地说), talking of ( 谈起) , speaking of ( 谈到), judging from (由…推测) Exercise three：translation 1. 一般来说, 父母关心孩子地健康胜过关心自己.
高中英语过去分词用法 练习题及答案 IMB standardization office【IMB 5AB- IMBK 08- IMB 2C】
习题精选---分词用法: boy went to the ball,＿like a pretty girl. A. dressing B. wearing C. wore D. dressed 2.＿in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 3. The film was made＿ on a true old story. A. base B. to be based C. based D. basing 4. When＿ ,the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 5.＿ to his research, he almost forgot everything. A. Devoting B. Devoted C. To devote D. Devote 6. ＿his attention on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming. A. Fixed B. Fixing C. Fix D. To fix 7.＿ on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming. A. Fixed B. Fixing C. Fix D. To fix old engineer talked of the difficulty they ＿ the tower. A. built B. had building C. had built D. build 9. ＿such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 10.＿ the past, our life is becoming much better. A. Comparing with B. Be compared with C. To compare with D. Compared with 11. The boy was last seen ＿near the East Lake. A. playing B. play C. played D. to play was very unhappy for ＿to the party. A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ＿“Sorry to miss you; will call later.” A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read
高中英语动词不定式用法大全(名师总结必考语法知识点，值得下载) 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to pla nt trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介
词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
高中英语现在分词的用法 1）- ing分词（短语）作主语： 1. 动词-ing 形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。如： 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 对他说话等于对牛弹琴。 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。 3. Walking is my only exercise. 散步是我唯一的运动。 4. Talking mends no holes. （谚）空谈无济于事。 5. Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 1. 为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如：It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 It's a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。 常见的作表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time 等。如： It is worthwhile discussing with her. It 's no good waiting here. Let 's go home. It was a waste of time reading that book. 2. 动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not。如： Your schoolmate 's not coming home made her parents worried. 2）-ing 分词（短语）作宾语： 1. I suggest ending the meeting. 我建议结束会议。 2. He admitted taking the money. 他承认钱是他拿的 3. I couldn ' t help laughing.
Ⅷ-ing Participle Unit 1 Exercise 1: Multiple Choice 1. She stood by the window, _______. A. thinking B. think C. thought D. thinks 2. _______ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door. A. Not wishing B. Wishing C. Not wished D. No wishing 3. It _______ now pretty late, we took our things and retired to our room A. is B. being C. turned D. got 4. The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand _______ a stick for support. A. held B. holding C. being holding D. was holding 5. _______ three times in a row, the boxer decides to give up fighting. A. having defeated B. To have defeated C. having been defeated D. To have been defeated 6. _______ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace. A. If walking B. While walking C. Walking D. When one is walking 7. I understood you were third-year students _______ in English. A. who major B. who major is C. have majored D. majoring 8. Their room was on the third floor, its window_______ the sports ground. A. overlooks B. overlooking C. overlooked D. to overlook 9. A new technique ______ out, the yield increases by 20%. A. having working B. having been worked C. has worked D. had been worked 10. _______, there was nothing for it but to swim across. A. The bridge having been destroyed B. The bride was destroyed C. The bridge to be destroyed D. The bridge had been destroyed 11. _______ the entrance exam, he was offered an opportunity to study international finance and economics at this university. A. Having passed B. Passed C. Passing D. Being passing 12. _______ another generation from that of their parents, young people have different tastes, ideas and beliefs. A. Belonging to B. Belonged to C. They belong to D. They belonging to 13. He went hunting with specially trained dogs, followed by men and women _______ horses. A. riding B. ridden C. rode D. to ride 14. I remember that you're the man ______ the world news on television. A. reporting B. having reported C. reported D. to report 15. _____ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment. A. Since B. For C. As D. With 16. Her husband having died, she has to take on such heavy _____ housework as carrying water. A. time-consumed B. timely-consumed C. time-consuming D. timely-consuming 17. The final results _____ yesterday, the public felt very angry. A. reveal B. have revealed C. be revealed D. having been revealed 18. There seemed little hope that the explorer, _____ in the tropical forest, would find his way through it. A. to be deserted B. having deserted C. to have been deserted D. having been deserted 19. Power stations employ _________ water to produce electricity.