高考单选英语陷阱-母语干扰型

【高中英语】高考英语备考英语写作中出现的母语干扰错误【高中英语】高考英语备考英语写作中出现的母语干扰错误英语写作在英语中考1.事实上，这个人年纪很轻。

讹：infact,theman’sageisveryyoung.正：infact,themanisveryyoung.析：中国人常说道“年纪重”，但英语中的young本身就存有“年纪重”的意思，它习惯上不再与age配搭采用。

相似地，汉语说道“他年纪非常大”，无法翻译成hisageisveryold，而应当就是heisveryold.2.我的工作太忙，我不能来。

析：汉语说道“工作忙碌”，实际上就是指“人忙碌”。

相似地，必须抒发汉语中的“我的事情很忙碌”，英语只需说道i’mbusy就这么了，而无法看成mythingsarebusy.3.这个老太太的左眼瞎了。

讹：theoldwom an’slefteyeisblind.正：theoldwomanisblindinthelefteye.析：汉语中说道“眼瞎”，而按英语习惯却要说“人疯”，疯在哪儿?疯在“眼睛”，所以英语中要抒发相似意思总是用“人”并作主语，而用介词短语带出“疯”的边线。

同样地，必须则表示“他的左腿就是跛的”，无法看成hisleftlegislame,而应当看成heislameinhisleftleg.4.他身体很好，很少生病。

讹：hisbodyisgood/healthy,andseldomfallsill.正：he’shealthy,andseldomfallsill.析：汉语说道“身体不好”，其实就是指某人的身心健康处在一种较好的状态，而绝不就是所指他的躯体就是较完整的。

5.我讨厌周末拥挤的交通。

讹：ihatethecrowdedtrafficonweekends.正：ihatethebusy/heavytrafficonweekends.析：汉语可以说道“挤迫的交通、街道、房间、商店等”，而英语中虽然可说crowdedstreets/rooms,shops等，但习惯上不说道crowdedtraffic。

写错英语句子的10种类型一、母语干扰型许多同学在进行英语写作时，很容易受汉语的影响而写错句子，即写出所谓的Chinlish。

这是最常见的错误之一。

如：1. 事实上，这个人年纪很轻。

误：In fact, the man’s age is very young.正：In fact, the man is very young.析：中国人常说“年纪轻”，但英语中的 young 本身就有“年纪轻”的意思，它习惯上不再与age 搭配使用。

类似地，汉语说“他年纪很大”，不能译成 His age is very old，而应是 He is very old.2. 我的工作太忙，我不能来。

误：My work is too busy and I can’t come.正：I’m too busy and I can’t come.析：汉语说“工作忙”，实际上是指“人忙”。

类似地，要表达汉语中的“我的事情很忙”，英语只需说 I’m busy 就够了，而不能说成 My things are busy.3. 这个老太太的左眼瞎了。

误：The old woman’s left eye is blind.正：The old woman is blind in the left eye.析：汉语中说“眼瞎”，而按英语习惯却要说“人瞎”，瞎在哪儿?瞎在“眼睛”，所以英语中要表达类似意思总是用“人”作主语，而用介词短语引出“瞎”的位置。

同样地，要表示“他的左腿是跛的”，不能说成 His left leg is lame, 而应说成 He is lame in his left leg.4. 他身体很好，很少生病。

误：His body is good / healthy, and seldom falls ill.正：He’s healthy, and seldom falls ill.析：汉语说“身体好”，其实是指某人的健康处于一种良好的状态，而绝不是指他的躯体是完好的。

2010年高考英语单选命题之干扰分类透析张卫华纵观2010 年各省市高考英语试卷中的单项选择试题，涉及知识面广，试题灵活多变且干扰强度大，普遍具有“语法运用语境化，答案选择隐蔽化”的特点。

因此，学生们若想在高考英语的单项选择部分拿到高分，不仅需—扎实的基础知识，还需—能灵活地把握语境，破解干扰项目。

笔者在此粗略归纳了以下几种常见的试题干扰类型，并给予简—分析，希望能对学生的高考备考有所帮助。

1.母语干扰在外语学习的过程当中，母语在某种程度上可以促进和帮助外语学习者学习外语，但是在某些方面也会对外语学习产生负面影响。

例如：（2010 浙江卷，13）—Would she mind playing against her former teammates?—___ She is willing to play against any tough players.A.I think so.B.I’m not surprised.C.Of course.D.Not likely!答案：D解析：考生若受母语习惯表达的影响，容易误选B。

根据语境“她会介意与她之前的队友们对垒吗?”“她喜欢与任何强劲的选手比赛。

”来分析这四个选项：I think so. 我想是这样的。

I’m not surprised. 一点也不奇怪。

Of course.当然。

Not likely! （大概）不会。

由此可判断得出，答语应表示的是“不介意”，故应选择D 选项。

（2010 江西卷，21）—Do you enjoy your present job? —___. I just do it for a living.A.Of courseB.Not reallyC.Not likelyD.Not a little解析：考生若受母语习惯表达的影响，容易误选D.Not a little，意为“一点儿也不”。

易错点07 动词的时态和语态目录01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点【易错点提醒二】一般过去时和过去完成时易混易错点【易错点提醒三】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点【易错点提醒四】主动语态与被动语态易混易错点03 易错题通关易错陷阱1：一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点。

【分析】【高考链接】（2023年浙江卷1月）The large siheyuan of these highranking officials and wealthy businessmen often________ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).【答案】featured【解析】考查动词时态。

句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。

分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合and后动词时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。

故填featured。

易错陷阱2：一般过去时和过去完成时易混易错点。

【分析】1.下列动词hope、wish、expect、think、intend、mean、suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。

2.This/It/That was the first/second/third ... time that ...表示“这/那是(某人)第几次做某事”，that从句中要用过去完成时。

3.hardly ... when ...和no sooner ... than ...两个句型中，主句均用过去完成时。

易错陷阱3：现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点。

【分析】易错陷阱4：主动语态和被动语态易混易错点。

【分析】➢受母语干扰，翻译上下文时混淆被动语态与主动语态。

➢混淆谓语动词被动语态构词be+done与非谓语动词重点过去分词done。

高考单选英语陷阱－母语干扰型Trap 4 母语干扰型大家知道，学外语最忌母语干扰。

由于母语在大脑中根深蒂固，所以常常会对外语学习者大脑中尚不牢固的外语知识产生负面影响，干扰学习者学习正确、地道的外语。

比如汉语通常说“学习知识”，但英语习惯上却不说study knowledge，而说get (obtain, acquire) knowledge；又如汉语说的“年轻一代”，说成地道的英语通常应是younger generation，而不是young generation，尽管汉语表达中看不出其比较意味，但其相应的英语却要用比较级。

请再看几个实例：A. agreedB. suggestedC. supported从汉语角度看，似乎四个答案都对：选A，可理解为“最后我父母同意我搬到南方去”；选B，可理解为“最后我父母建议我搬到南方去”；选C，可理解为“最后我父母支持我搬到南方去”；选D，可理解为“最后我父母鼓励我搬到南方去”。

但事实上，只有一个答案是对的，你知道是哪个吗？同时你知道其余三个为什么不对呢？2. “He is _____ to win the match.” “Really? But I don't think so.”A. easyB. difficultC. possible从汉语角度看，四个答案似乎也都对：选A，可理解为“他很容易获胜”；选B，可理解为“他很难获胜”；选C，可理解为“他可能获胜”；选D，可理解为“他肯定会获胜”。

但事实上，这四个选项中也只有一项是对的，其余三项尽管从汉语角度看说得通，但却不合英语习惯，你知道哪个对，哪三个不对吗？同时你知道为什么吗？本节搜集有关母语干扰的陷阱题数十例，并有针对性地进行了详细的讲解，希望对同学们排除母语干扰，学好正确、地道的英语有所帮助。

1. not to say 的意思是“更不用说”吗A. speak C. talk D. mention此题很容易根据“他们拥有两辆小汽车，更不用说一辆摩托车了”这一中文语境而选择B，其实最佳答案为D。

单项选择填空八大陷阱透析与演练八种常见陷阱1. 思维定势型2. 规则硬套型3. 母语干扰型4. 插入隔离型5. 借用倒装型6. 结构误配型7. 词义误解型8. 词性误用型1. 思维定势思维定势是指人们在长期的思维过程中所形成的一种固定的思维模式。

如果运用得当，会使我们很快得出正确的结论；但若运用不当，它便会误导考生掉入命题人所预设的陷阱，得出错误的结论。

1).In order not to be disturbed, I spent three hours ______ in my study.A. lockingB. lockedC. to lockD. to be locked2).It was 10 o’clock ______ the front doorbell rang.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which2 规则硬套型就是指不从语言实际出发，不考虑特定的语言环境，而是机械地套用语法规则，生搬硬套语法的条条框框，从而错误地作出选择。

1) He made up his mind to devote his life _____ pollution ______ happily.A. to prevent, to liveB. to prevent, from livingC. to preventing, to liveD. to preventing, living2)The “Two Cities” referred _____ London and Paris.A. is toB. to beC. to areD. to going to be3. 母语干扰型学外语最忌母语干扰，但由于母语在大脑中根深蒂固，所以常常会对外语学习者大脑中尚不牢固的外语知识产生负面影响。

命题者也往往利用这一点，制造陷阱。

1）I’ll come to see you if______.A. you’re convenientB. it is convenient for youC. you feel convenientD. it is convenient with you2) If a northerner lives in south, he will probably feel that ______.A. he doesn’t agree to the climate there.B. the climate doesn’t agree with him.C. he can’t agree with the climate thereD. the climate doesn’t agree to him.4. 插入隔离型有时一个本来很简单的句子，在其中置入一个插入成分，或将某些成分从正常位置调入一个在同学们看来属“非正常”的位置，则很有可能给同学们的理解带来困难。

阅读理解技巧常见干扰项陷阱总结1. Teaching aims:(1) Knowledge aims:① Enable the students to learn five types of exam questions: main idea, details, reasoning, word guessing, viewpoints and attitudes.②Get the students to learn some common traps in reading comprehension, such as change some words to confuse readers, narrow/enlarge the range, etc.(2) Ability aims:① Enable the students to identify five types of exam questions;② Enable the students to put the reading skills they have learned into practice;(3) Emotional aims:①Arouse the students’ interest in English reading so as to build up their confidence in reading.②Develop the students’ sense of cooperation through such activities as pair work and discussion.2. Teaching important and difficult points:(1) How to get the students to identify common traps;(2) How to lead the students to put the reading skills they have learned into practice.3. Teaching methods:Task-based teaching, pair work and discussion.4. Teaching aids:The multimedia and other normal teaching tools.5. Teaching procedures:StepⅠ Lead-in (5 minutes)T: Good morning, boys and girls! Reading is a big head for many of you. There are always some students coming to ask me how to improve their reading. So today we’ll discuss some reading skills which may be helpful to your English learning.(Show the ppt)T: We know that there are five types of questions in reading comprehension. What are they?Ss: Main idea（主旨大意题）, details（细节事实题）, reasoning（推理判断题）, word guessing （词义猜测题）, viewpoints and attitudes（观点态度题）.T: Well done! How can we identify them?Student A: Questions for main idea may be like this: The main idea of this passage is …?T: Excellent! Now let’s look at some common questions for each type. (Explain the contents in ppt) T: There are two main tasks when you are reading, one is collecting useful information, and the other is dealing with the information. According to New Curriculum Standard, details and reasoning account for about 50% of the total reading comprehension. So it is necessary for you to master the skills in these two parts.The basic skills are as follows:（1）Find out the key words in the statements;（2）Use the “scanning” method（寻读法）to find out the relevant phrases and sentences in the passage.Step Ⅱ Detailed explanation of the skills (20minutes)T: In reading, there are always some TRAPS（陷阱）which make the statements very confusing. If you can identify them, you’ll do better in reading. Basically, there are f our kinds of common traps in the details and reasoning questions. Let’s look at them one by one.Part 1:(1)偷换概念:即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造。

2011届高考英语单选专题破解:易受"母语"干扰I.讲解: 母语对英语既有促进,也有干扰,两者之间在某些方面的不一致现象是形成干扰的基本原因.答题时, 不能用母语进行思维, 不能从母语的角度在英语中寻求对等的规律.性腺学会区别两种语言在语言知识和社会文化方面的不同之处,并认真进行辨别和对比,力求从对比中把握语言的正确性和得体性.II.练习:1. I don't think the price of grain _________ than ten years ago.A. moreB. more expensiveC. greaterD. higher2. _________ is the number of girl students in your schoolA. How manyB. How muchC. WhatD. How3. She wanted very much to _______ a PLA man.A. marryB. marry withC. marry toD. be married4. I wonder __________ I should call his father.A. howB. whatC. whichD. who5. Do you know the boy whose name _________ Gao MingA. isB. calledC. is calledD. is calling6. He had his wallet __________ when he visited the park.A. robbedB. stolenC. cheatedD. missed7 ---How long have you __________ the bike ---Two months.A. boughtB. repairedC. hadD. borrowed8. Those who _______ the plan, raise your hands.A. againstB. will againstC. are againstD. is against9. Though he is young, _________ he knows a great deal about the second World War.A. /B. howeverC. butD. and yet10. Given me some paper to write __________. A. / B. on C. with D. by11. His handwriting is better than __________ in his class.A. anyoneB. anyone'sC. anyone elseD. anyone else's12. "No, I have nothing to say for myself."he said, shaking ___________.A. the headB. his headC. headD. /13. __________ be late for the meeting this afternoon. It is a meeting of great importance.A. Everybody canB. Nobody canC. Anybody can'tD. Everybody can't14. Mr. Smith patted _______ head.A. the boy'sB. the boy hisC. the boy on hisD. the boy on the15. Her face suggested that ___________.A. she was in poor healthB. her health was poorC. her body was not healthyD. her body was ill16. Thank __________.A. your helpB. you your helpC. you for your helpD. you and your help17. ---Does this coat fit you well w.w.w.k.---__________. I'd like to have it changed.A. Yes, it doesB. Yes, it doesn'tC. No, it doesD. No, it doesn't18. The teacher's eyes, without any expression, _________ the boy who made faces.A. watchedB. stared atC. glared atD. were fixed upon19. ---I have a serious headache, Mike. ---_________________.A. Sorry to hear thatB. That's bad.C. It doesn't matter.D. Take it easy.20. ---I got the first place in the history exam. --- ________________.A. It's impossibleB. No wonderC. Oh, dearD. Congratulations21. _________ do you think the house belongs toA. WhoB. WhoseC. WhichD. How22. Those who have been invited are _________ young scientists.A. mostB. almostC. mostlyD. at most23.The song was so instructive that everyone considered it __________ worth listening to.A. wellB. veryC. fairlyD. hardly24. __________ is the population of HainanA. WhatB. HowC. How muchD. How many25. We will continue to fight ________ pollution until it is stopped.A. aboutB. withC. forD. against26. I had no idea why they had returned _______ the village so soon.A. backB. toC. back toD. /27. I wonder when he will return _________ the book.A. A. backB. toC. back toD. /28. The number of students here is ________ than that of their school.A. much moreB. moreC. higherD. larger29. Our living expenses are now much ________ than ten years ago.A. moreB. more expensiveC. greaterD. higher30.---_________ do you call it in English ---Bread.A. HowB. WhichC. WhatD. Why31. We were not ________ to do like that.A. promisedB. permittedC. agreedD. suggested32.They are going to hold a meeting in the next house ________ door faces to the south.which B. of which C. whose D. its33.They played football _________ the rain.A. underB. inC. belowD. through34. When he got home, he found his house __________.A. stolenB. robbedC. broken intoD. looked into35. The child _________ nothing but a new pencil-box.A. hopesB. hopes forC. expects forD. wants for36. He longed ___________ a soldier.A. my beingB. me beingC. me to beD. for me to be37. The soldier ________ in a battle.A. was wounded in the legsB. was wounded in his legsC. wounded in the legsD. wounded the legs38. ---_________ should I do with these papers ---Have them burned, I think.A. WhenB. WhyC. HowD. What39. The reason for sending you so many flowers is ________ I love you.A. the reasonB. whyC. becauseD. that40. New comer as she was, she was not ________ nervous.A. a lot ofB. a bit ofC. a bitD. a little41. He walked ________ in the room as if he was thinking about something important. back and forth B. forth and back C. from and to D. downwards and upwards 42. At the end of the lesson, the teacher gave the students six minutes to look ___what they had written.A. throughB. atC. onD. back43. The Smiths warmly welcomed you _________ their home.A. toB. to goC. goD. going44. The enemy fled _________ the city in disorder.A. away fromB. awayC. toD. /45. He is determined to devote himself to _______ the country.A. serveB. serve forC. servingD. serving for46. He was often seen _____ before the door, staring at the pine tree.A. seatingB. seatedC. seatD. to seat47. Did you notice anyone ___________ the roomA. entering intoB. to enter intoC. to enterD. enter48.If these trousers are too long, choose a shorter __________.A. trousersB. trouserC. pairD. one49. If you _________, telephone me please.A. freeB. are freeC. will be freeD. will free50. We must find a box to put ___________.the jewels B. the jewels in C. the jewelries D. the jewelries in51. Oh, it begins to rain. Let me __________ you to school.A. takeB. bringC. sendD. see off52. The color of the shirt is too __________. It doesn't go with my light blue trousers.A. heavyB. darkC. deepD. shallow53. __________ and you will succeed.A. If you work hardB. Work hardC. Working hardD. To work hard54. Speak in a _________ voice.A. louderB. biggerC. greaterD. higher55. He is the tallest _________ brothers.A. among hisB. in hisC. of hisD. of the56. The wounded soldier needs to be ________ in no time.A. operatedB. operated onC. operatingD. operating on57. It is difficult for you to cure _________ his illness.A. him ofB. for himC. himD. his58. The old man ________ last week.A. diedB. had diedC. has diedD. was dead59. I was called into the room first, my name being at _________ of the list.A. frontB. the headC. topD. the above60. China _________ the Third World.A. belongs toB. is belong toC. is belonged toD. is belonging to61. The new evening dress ________ them 400 francs.A. usedB. spentC. costD. took62. When the old man talked of his own story in the old days, tears came _______ his eyes.A. fromB. out ofC. inD. to63. The street was so crowded that he couldn't find a place to _______ his car.A. stopB. putC. parkD. lie64. ---Who broke the window---I think _______ must be one of the boys.A. the oneB. heC. itD. that65. Great changes __________ last year.A. took placeB. were taken placeC. had broken outD. happened66. We usually work eight hours ___________.A. everydayB. one dayC. a dayD. in a dayKeys:1-5. DCABA 6-10. BCCAB 11-15. DBBDA 16-20. CDDAD21-25. ACAAD 26-30. BDDCC 31-35. BCBCB 36-40. DADDC41-45. AAADC 46-50. BDCBB 51-55. ABBAD 56-60. BAABA61-66. CDCCAC。