独立主格和非谓语专四练习

专升本独立主格结构练习题独立主格结构是英语语法中的一种特殊结构，它由一个名词或代词和非谓语动词构成，不作主句的主语，但有自己的逻辑主语，并且与主句之间用逗号隔开。

以下是一些专升本水平的独立主格结构练习题：一、选择题1. The meeting being over, we all went home.A. Because the meeting was overB. With the meeting being overC. As the meeting was overD. Since the meeting was over2. _______, the children went out to play.A. The rain stoppedB. Stopping the rainC. Having stopped the rainD. The rain stopping3. _______, he couldn’t help crying.A. Seeing his motherB. He saw his motherC. His mother being seenD. Having seen his mother4. _______, we will start our project next week.A. All preparations madeB. Making all preparationsC. Having made all preparationsD. All preparations to be made5. _______, she went back to her dormitory.A. Having finished her homeworkB. Finished her homeworkC. She finished her homeworkD. Her homework finished二、填空题6. _______, he decided to go to the library.[提示：他没有带书]7. _______, the soldiers continued their march.[提示：尽管天气很冷]8. _______, the thief was caught by the police.[提示：当他试图逃跑时]9. _______, the children rushed out of the classroom. [提示：一听到下课铃]10. _______, she fell asleep.[提示：在温暖的阳光下]三、改错题11. Having finished his homework, and he went to bed.[错误：and he went to bed][修正：________]12. Because the weather was fine, we went to the beach.[错误：Because the weather was fine][修正：________]13. The boy was punished for cheating, his parents were very angry.[错误：his parents were very angry][修正：________]14. The teacher entered the classroom, all the students were standing.[错误：all the students were standing][修正：________]15. The game was postponed, it was raining heavily.[错误：it was raining heavily][修正：________]四、翻译题16. 由于天气恶劣，比赛被推迟了。

参考答案1. to do 2 to be taken 3.. to be thinking deeply 4. to have been sent to5. to have been writing6. how to start work.7. only to be told8. stay (at) home 9. Taking exercise early 10. Having lived11. Not having received 12. Living far from my company 13. leaving nothing valuable 14. make yourself respected 15. Lost in thought 16. Determined to change 17. All/With all the tickets（having been）sold out18. (with)flowers and grass growing on both sides 19. sword in hand / with a sword in my hand 20. to have repaired 21. have you standing all the time 22. to have her go with him 23.leave the water running 24.Having been attacked25. to have heard of / about the news 26. couldn’t make his point understood27. being paid / having been paid for this week’s job 28. got separated from my friends29. Dressed in a white uniform 30. being no tickets for31. to be doing international trade business 32The general manager’s being taken to33. the door shut 34. their(the) light burning 35. so much homework to do 36. flowers in their hands. 37. the examinations over 38. so many people present39. need repairing/ to be repaired 40. his not waiting 41. dealt with well42. Having suffered from 43. seated at the piano 44. the door locked45. my mother being ill 46. nothing to do 47. focused on one thing48. to be worked out 49. being absent 50. taken into consideration51. the thief being caught 52. not being allowed 53. being opened and shut54. Given more time/ If we are given more time 55. failed to identify56. (to) fill out / in these application forms 57. resulted from58. concerning healthy food 59. being discussed here 60. passing the exam61. to make it to 62. when to drink a toast and how to behave63. saving a lot of labor 64. Tasting good 65. only to be told66. to have discovered a cure 67. to treat you to 68. my watch missing69. from what it used to be 70.find it inconvenient to buy 71. are made to work72. trying to make sense of 73. building a tunnel 74. translated into Chinese75. happened to witness 76. to appeal to 77. interested in medicine78. to focus on research 79. located in 80. newly-completed。

非谓语动词专题Part 1 (专四真题)1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ____ for that. (2003-47)a. for us to be preparedb. that we are preparedc. of us to be preparedd. our being prepared2. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young. a. being b. would be c. be d. to be3. What’s the chance of ____ a general election this year? (2005—61)a. there beingb. there to bec. there bed. there going to be4. The meeting was put off because we ____ a meeting without John. (2005—62)a. objected havingb. were objected to havingc. objected to haved. objected to having5. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals _ ___ in $2. (1996-46) a. hunted b. hunting c. that hunted d. are hunted6. AIDS is said ____ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002-46) a. being b. to be c. to have been d. having been7. The Minister of Finance is believed _____ of improving new taxes to raise extra reven ue. (2004-48)a. that he is thinkingb. to be thinkingc. that he is to thinkd. to think8. Professor Johnson is said ____ some significant advance in his research in the past year . (1999-43) a. having made b. making c. to have made d. to make9. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ____ the spoilt ones. (2006-63) a. not co unting b. not to count c. don’t count d. having not counted10. If not ____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grum bles all the time. (2004—45)a. being treatedb. treatedc. be treatedd. having been treated11. Time ____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (2003-48)a. permitb. permittingc. permittedd. permits12. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the biggest cere al crop. (2003-41) a. is b. been c. be d. being13. ____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy. (2000-51 ) a. Looking b. Looked c. Having looked d. To look14. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ____ by the police each time. (1992-42)a. had been capturedb. being always capturedc. only to be capturedd. unfortunately captured15. ____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998-45)a. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchb. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchd. Not obtained a ticket for the match16. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ____ insufficiently popul ar with all members. (1996-45)a. having consideredb. was consideredc. was being consideredd. being considered17. The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got the students ____ one a nother’s papers. (1992-58)a. correctb. to correctc. correctingd. to be correcting18. I don’t like ____ bills but when I do get them I like ____ them promptly. (1992-60)a. to get, payingb. getting, to payc. to get, to payd. getting, paying19. I never regretted ____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993-53) a. no t to accept b. not having accepted c. having not accepted d. not accepting 20. Arrivi ng at the bus stop, ____ waiting there. (1994-52)a. a lot of people wereb. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of peopled. people were found21. ____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994-5 5) a. Not received b. Since receiving c. Having received d. Not having received 22. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ____ the most import ant of these. (1994-57) a. have been b. are c. being d. are being23. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a r ope ladder ____ out and three men climbing down it. (1995-52)a. throwingb. being thrownc. having thrownd. having been thrown24. He resented ____ to wait. He expected the minister ____ him at once. (1995-53)a. to be asked, to seeb. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeingd. being asked, seeing25. This missile is designed so that once ____ nothing can be done to retrieve it. (1995-63 ) a. fired b. being fired c. they fired d. having fired26. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (1996-42)a. Having timeb. Given C. Giving D. had27. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid ___. (1996-48)a. from being beatenb. being beatenc. beatingd. to be beaten28. ____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (1996-51)a. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being29. The $2 haven’t decided yet which hotel ____ . (1998-49)a. to stayb. is to stayc. to stay atd. is for staying30. ____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. (1998-51) a. Giving b. To give C. Given D. Being given31. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earl ier. (200-45) a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be32. Even as a girl, ____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers. (2001-42)a. performing by Melissa wereb. it was known that Melissa’s performances werec. knowing that Melissa’s performances wered. Melissa knew that performing was33. ____ him tomorrow? (2001-43)a. Why not to call onb. Why don’t call onc. Why not to calling ond. Why not call on34. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. (2010—65)a. To be not tallb. Not being tallc. Being not talld. Not to be tall35. ____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001-51)a. To be not tallb. Not to be tallc. Being not talld. Not being tallPart 21. The ability _____ an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed2. The players ____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in thissummer game.A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected3. Do you wake up every morning ____ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt4. The next thing he saw was smoke _____ from behind the house.A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. risen5. The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined6. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ____ noting about the argument.A. saysB. saidC. to sayD. saying7. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, ____ on your feet.A. to keepB. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept8. Passengers are permitted ____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried9. ____ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated10. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced ____ people ’s concern over food safety.A. to raiseB. raisingC. to have raisedD. having raised11. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ____ of his own dreams.A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind12. Look over there----there’s a very long, winding path ____ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead13. On receiving a phone call from, his wife ____ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.A. saysB. saidC. sayingD. to say14. Claire had her luggage ____ an hour before her plane left.A. checkB. checkingC. to checkD. checked15. More highways have been built in $2, ____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.A. makingB. madeC. to makeD. having made16. $2 $2, ____ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. foundB. foundingC. foundedD. to be founded17. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A. heldB. holdingC. to heldD. to hold18. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ____ a life span of around 20 years.A. havingB. hadC. haveD. to have19. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ____ for words.A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost20. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ____ by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheeredB. be cheeredC. to be cheeredD. were cheered21. Recently a survey ____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A. comparedB. comparingC. comparesD. being compared22. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ____ into small pieces.A. breakB. breakingC. brokenD. to break23. ____ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. GatherB. To gatherC. GatheringD. To be gathering24. $2 doesn’t feel like ____ abroad. Her parents are old.A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD. to study25. Simon made a big bamboo box _____ the little sick bird till it could fly.A. keepB. keptC. keepingD. to keep26. ____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offerPart 31. Listen! Do you hear someone ____ for help?A. callingB. callC. to callD. called2. Dina, ____ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a localadvertising agency.A. strugglingB. struggledC. having struggledD. to struggle3. So far nobody has claimed the money ____ in the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveringD. having discovered4. It rained heavily in the south, ____ serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. having causedC. causingD. to cause5. He had a wonderful childhood, ____ with his mother to all corners of the world.A. travelB. to travelC. traveledD. traveling6. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _____ the students to return to their classrooms.A. enablingB. having enabledC. to enableD. to have enabled7. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ____ for a meal to becooked.A. laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid8. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuck9. I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this term.A completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed10. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A. being weighedB. to weighC. weighedD. weighing11. We were astonished ____ the temple still in its original condition.A. fining B. to find C. find D. to be found12. Alexander tried to get his work _____ in the medical circles.A. to recognizeB. recognizingC. recognizeD. recognized13. ____ the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about ten meters in height.A. ApproachingB. ApproachedC. To approachD. To be approached14. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ____ with her stories.A. amusedB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused15. Mr.s white showed her students some old maps _____ from the library.A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD. borrowing16. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ____ present for my dad.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. to have bought17. _____ at my classmate’s faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. LookingB. LookC. To lookD. Looked18. I’m calling to enquire about the position ____ in yesterday’s China Daily.A. advertisedB. to be advertisedC. advertisingD. having advertised19. That is the only way we can imagine ____ the overuse of water in students’bathrooms.A. reducingB. to reduceC. reducedD. reduce20. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ____ in a small apartment near $2 and ____ what to do about his future.A. living; wonderingB. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonderedD. living; wondered21. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ____.A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused22. The children all turned ____ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at23. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ____?A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take24. ____ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. CompletingB. Having completedC. To have completedD. To complete25. ____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their la nd. A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Have encouraged26. _____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of mountain . A. To be tired B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired27. There is a great deal of evidence ____ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicateB. indicatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating28. ____ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded29. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in $2, ____ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. markingB. markedC. Having markedD. being marked30. Schools across China are expected to hire 50, 000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ____ reduce unemployment pressures.A. helpB. to have helpedC. to helpD. having helped31. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. ____ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni form home and abroad.A. AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended32. We are invited to a party ____ in our club next Friday.A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. holding33. The play _____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. producedB. being producedC. to be producedD. having been produced34. When we visited our old family home, memory came ____ back.A. floodingB. to floodC. floodD. flooded35. ____, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner36. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down37. ____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.A. CompletingB. CompleteC. CompletedD. To complete38. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _____ alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.A. livingB. to liveC. to be livingD. having lived39. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed40. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the wining team let out loud shouts of victory.A. To throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown41. ______ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited42. –Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me? --No problem.A. seatB. sitC. seatedD. sat43. ____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walkB. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walked44. ____ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized45. It is one of the funniest things ____ on the Internet so far this year.A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. found46. ----They are quiet, aren’t they?---- Y es. They are accustomed ____ at meals.A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking47. To learn English well, we could find opportunities to hear English ____ as much as we can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak48.L ucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ____ in the restaurant.A. workingB. workC. to workD. worked49. He was busy writing a story, only ____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stopped50. Please remain ____; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated51. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ____, and asked myself what I was going to do.A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. being moved52. ―Thin gs ____ never come again!‖ I couldn’t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost53. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ____ in a short period. A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve。

非谓语动词、独立主格、省略习题1、When he________the door,he found his keys were nowhere.A、would openB、openedC、had openedD、was to open2、At the age of 29,Dave was a worker,_______in a small apartment near Boston and ______what to do about his future.A、living;wonderingB、lived,wonderingC、lived;wonderedD、living;wonder3、Prices of daily goods______through a computer can be lower than store prices.A、are boughtB、boughtC、been boughtD、buying4、In some parts of London,missing a bus means______another hour.A、waitingB、to waitC、waitD、to be waiting5、When_______,the museum will be open to the public next year.A、completedB、completingC、being completedD、to be completed6、With a lot of difficult problems_______,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A、settledB、settlingC、to settleD、being settled7、A cook will be immediately fired if he is found______in the kitchen.A、smokeB、smokingC、not smokingD、not to smoke8、The teachers asked us______so much noise.A、don’t makeB、not makeC、not makingD、not to make9、_______time,he’ll make a first-class tennis player.A、Having givenB、To giveC、GivingD、Given10、It is believed that if a book is_____,it will surely_____the reader.A、interested;interestB、interesting;be interestedC、interested;be interestingD、interesting;interest11、The discovery of new evidence led to__________.A、the thief having caughtB、catch the thiefC、the thief being caughtD、the thief to be caught12、Generally speaking,______according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.A、while takingB、when takenC、when to takeD、when to be taken13、He looked around and caught a man_______his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A、putB、to be puttingC、to putD、putting14、Victor apologized for______to inform me of the change in the plan.A、his being not ableB、him not to be ableC、his not being ableD、him to be not able15、Sara,hurry up.I’m afraid you can’t have time to_______before the party.A、get changedB、get changeC、get changingD、get to change16、______in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A、To waitB、Have waitedC、Having waitedD、To have wait17、Don’t leave the water______while you brush your teeth.A、runB、runningC、being runD、to run18、The flowers______sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A、to smellB、smellingC、smeltD、to be smelt19、The disc,digitally_____in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that day.A、recordedB、recordingC、to be recordedD、having recorded20、Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _________.A、worriedB、to worryC、worryingD、worry21、______the programme,they have to stay there for another two weeks.A、Not completingB、Not completedC、Not having completedD、Having not completed22、The news reporters hurried to the airport,only______the film stars had left.A、to tellB、to be toldC、tellingD、told23、Having been ill in bed for nearly a month,he had a hard time______the exam.A、passB、to passC、passedD、passing24、The old man,______abroad for twenty years,is on the way back to his homeland.A、to workB、workingC、to have workedD、having worked25、______with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all/A、CompareB、When comparingC、ComparingD、When compared26、Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company,______as 3M.A、knowingB、knownC、being knownD、to be known27、You were silly not______your car.A、to lockB、to have lockedC、lockingD、having locked28、I don’t know whether you happen______but I’m going to study in the U.S.A.this September.A、to be heardB、to be hearingC、to hearD、to have heard29、_______by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.A、AttractingB、AttractedC、To be attractedD、Having attracted30、Having been attacked by terrorists,__________.A、doctors came to their rescue.B、the tall building collapsed.C、an emergency measure was taken.D、warnings were given to tourists31、Helen had to shout_______above the sound of the music.A、making herself hearB、to make herself hearC、making herself heardD、to make herself heard32、Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV;there are pictures _______in your mind instead of before your eyes.A、to formB、formC、formingD、having formed33、When first_______to the market,these products enjoyed great success.A、introducingB、introducedC、introduceD、being introduced34、_______with a difficult situation,Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.A、To faceB、Having facedC、FacedD、Facing35、The storm left,_________a lot of damage to this area.A、causedB、to have causedC、to causeD、having caused36、While watching television,________.A、the doorbell rangB、the doorbell ringsC、we heard the foorbell ringD、we heard the doorbell rings37、It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview._______the answers ready will be of great help.A、To have hadB、Having hadC、HaveD、Having38、When asked by the police,he said that he remembered________at the party,but not________.A、to arrive;leavingB、to arrive;to leaveC、arriving;leavingD、arriving;to leave39、The prize of the game show is $30000 and all expenses______vacation to China.A、payingB、paidC、to be paidD、being paid40、I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise________.A、going onB、goes onC、went onD、to go on41、You should understand the traffic rule by now.You’ve had it_______often enough.A、explainingB、to explainC、explainD、explained42、I don’t want_______like I’m speaking ill of anybody,but the manager’l plan is unfair.A、to soundB、to be soundedC、soundingD、to have sounded43、He got well-prepared for the job the job interview,for he couldn’t risk_______the good opportunity.A、to loseB、losingC、to be lostD、being lost44、It was not unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _______a look at the sports stars.A、hadB、havingC、to haveD、have45、Mor and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays,__________advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.A、takingB、takenC、having takenD、having been taken46、At last,we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ______down to eat our picnic lunch.A、sittingB、having satC、to sitD、sat47、He hurried to the station only________that they train had left.A、to findB、findingC、foundD、to have found48、---Can the project be finished as planned?---Sure,_______it completed in time,we’ll work two more hours a day.A、having gotB、to getC、gettingD、get49、When_______help,one often says”Thank you”or”It’s kind of you”.A、offeringB、to offerC、to be offeredD、offered50、________in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A、DressedB、To dressC、DressingD、Having dressed51、I send you 100 dollars today,the rest_______in a year.A、followsB、followedC、to followD、being followed52、The repairs cost a lot,but it’s money well________.A、to spendB、spentC、being spentD、spending53、__________from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A、Being separatedB、Having separatedC、Having been separatedD、To be separated54、The manager,_______it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us,left the meeting room.A、who has madeB、having madeC、madeD、making55、_______more about university courses,call(920)746-3789.A、To find outB、Finding outC、Find outD、Having found out56、I really can’t understand________her like that.A、you treatB、you to treatC、why treatD、you treating57、---Is Bob still performing?---I’m afraid not.He is said_______the stage already as he has become an official.A、to have leftB、to leaveC、to have been leftD、to be left58、_______in the mountains for a week,the two students were finally saved by the local police.A、Having lostB、LostC、Being lostD、Losing59、Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,______a record US$65 a barrel on April 4.A、have reachedB、reachingC、to reachD、to be reaching60、Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing,as long as we were together,______fun.A、hadB、haveC、to haveD、having61、We often provide children with toys,footballs or basketballs,______that all children like these things.A、thinkingB、thinkC、to thinkD、thought62、_______and happy,Tony stood up and accepted the prize.A、SurprisingB、SurprisedC、Being surprisedD、To be surprised63、There have been several new events ________to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.A、addB、to addC、addingD、added64、A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending,but the reader must not be left_________.A、unsatisfiedB、unsatisfyingC、to be unsatisfyingD、being unsatisfied65、Isn’t it time you got down to _______the papers?A、markB、be markedC、being markedD、marking66、---There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.---My goodness.I can’t imagine_________that old.A、to beB、to have beenC、beenD、being67、It remains______whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.A、seenB、to be seenC、seeingD、to see68、He hurried to the booking office only ______that all the tickets has been sold out.A、to be toldB、to tellC、toldD、telling69、Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy,saying that he was not the one_________.A、blamedB、blamingC、to blameD、to be blamed70、No matter how frequently_______,the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.A、performedB、performingC、to be performedD、being performed71、________this cake,you’ll need 2 eggs,175g sugar and 175g flour.A、Having madeB、MakeC、To makeD、Making72、The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket_________the desert.A、coveringB、coveredC、coverD、to cover73、If ou think that treating a woman well means always ______her permission for things,think again.A、getsB、gotC、gettingD、to get74、As the twentieth century came to a close,the raw materials for great national literature were at hand,waiting__________.A、to useB、to be usedC、to have usedD、to be using75、After he became conscious,he remembered________and______on the head with a rod.A、to attack,hitB、to be attacked;to be hitC、attacking;be hitD、having been attacked;hit76、It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness_______.A、to makeB、to be madeC、makingD、being made77、_______for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.A、BlamingB、BlamedC、To blameD、To be blamed78、The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games______in Beijing in 2008.A、holdB、holdingC、heldD、to be held79、________with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.A、FacedB、FaceC、FacingD、To face80、AIDS is said______the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.A、that it isB、to beC、that it has beenD、to have been81、Don’t sit there________e and help me with this table.A、doB、to doC、doingD、and doing82、When______different cultures,we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A、comparedB、being comparedC、comparingD、having compared83、Whenever he was asked why he as late for class,he would answer carelessly,always ______the same thing.A、sayingB、saidC、to sayD、having said84、It is difficult to imagine his________the decision without any consideration.A、acceptB、acceptingC、to acceptD、accepted85、Faced with a bill for $10 000,________.A、John has taken an extra jobB、the boss has given John an extra jobC、an extra job has been takenD、an extra job has been given to John86、Five people won the “China’s Green Figure”award,a little______to ordinary people for their contributions to environment protection.A、being givenB、is givenC、givenD、was given87、Police are searching for a woman who is reported to_______since the flood hit this area last Friday.A、have been missingB、have got lostC、be missingD、get lost88、I was told that there were about 50 foreign students______Chinese in the school,most______were from Germany.A、study;of whomB、study,of themC、studying;of themD、studying;of whom89、My cousin came to see me from the country,________me a full basket of fresh fruits.A、broughtB、bringingC、to bringD、had brought答案：1----5DABAA 6---10CBDDD 11---15CBDCA 16---20CBBAA 21---25CBDDD 26---30BBDBB 31---35DCBCD 36---40CDCBA 41---45DABCA 46---50DABDA 51---55CBCBA 56---60DABBD 61---65ABDAD 66---70DBACA 71---75CACBD 76---80BBDAD 81---85CCABA 86---89CADB。

如何区分独立主格结构和非谓语动词独立主格结构：不是主谓完整的简单句，其形式是：名词/名词短语/代词+不定式/动词-ing形式/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词短语非谓语动词：指句子中不是谓语动词的动词，主要包括不定式，动名词和分词（现在分词、过去分词）Ps:非谓语动词做定语，状语与补语；独立主格结构只做状语。

小妙招：判断独立主格结构就看有没有一个逗号连接的两个简单句，每个句子都有两个不同的主语，这时其中一个句子的谓语动词一定要用非谓语形式一、单项选择1．It is said that the project will cost$580million,half coming from investors, the rest________.A．to borrowB．to be borrowedC．borrowingD．being borrowed【答案】B【详解】考查独立主格结构。

句意：据说这项工程将耗资5.8亿美元，其中一半来自于投资方，剩下的将要贷款。

分析句子成分可知，此处为独立主格结构，且表示将来的动作，应用“名词+不定式”，the rest与borrow构成被动关系，应用to be done形式。

故选B。

2．________,we'll go to visit the Great Wall.A．Weather permittingB．If permittedC．If permittingD．Weather permits【答案】A【详解】考查独立主格结构。

句意：如果天气允许，我们就去参观长城。

分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，所以用独立主格结构。

weather 与permit之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。

故选A。

3．After______by the heavy deluge,Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots,many tourists______in the disaster region. A．struck,were trappedB．being struck,trappedC．struck,having been trappedD．having been struck;were trapped【答案】B【详解】考查非谓语动词。

高中英语独立主格结构练习题30题【含答案解析】1. ______, the book still attracted a lot of readers.A. Written by an unknown authorB. Writing by an unknown authorC. Being written by an unknown authorD. Having written by an unknown author答案：A。

解析：独立主格结构中，逻辑主语the book与write之间是被动关系，即“书被写”。

A选项“Written by an unknown author”是过去分词短语作独立主格结构，表示被动和完成的动作，符合句子语境。

B选项“Writing by an unknown author”是错误形式，逻辑主语book不能主动发出write这个动作。

C选项“Being written by an unknown author”表示正在被写，与句子中“仍然吸引很多读者”的语境不符。

D选项“Having written by an unknown author”是错误形式，没有这种用法。

2. The meeting ______, they all left the room.A. overB. be overC. is overD. was over答案：A。

解析：“The meeting over”是独立主格结构，“over”在这里是形容词，表示“结束”，其逻辑主语是“the meeting”。

B选项“be over”形式错误，独立主格结构中不需要be动词。

C选项“is over”和D选项“was over”都是句子形式，而这里需要的是独立主格结构，不是完整的句子。

3. ______ no bus, we had to walk home.A. There wasB. It wasC. There beingD. It being答案：C。

（完整版）英语专四试题⾮谓语动词专题⾮谓语动词专题Part A1. The ability _____ an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressingB. expressedC. to expressD. to be expressed2. The players ____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected3. Do you wake up every morning ____ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feelB. to feelC. feelingD. felt4. The next thing he saw was smoke _____ from behind the house.A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. risen5. The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined6. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ____ noting about the argument.A. saysB. saidC. to sayD. sayingC. having keptD. to have kept8. Passengers are permitted ____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carryB. carryingC. to be carriedD. being carried9. ____ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated10. More TV programs, a ccording to government officials, will be produced ____ people’s concern over food safety.A. to raiseB. raisingC. to have raisedD. having raised11. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ____ of his own dreams.A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind12. Look over there----there’s a very long, winding path ____ up to the house.A. leadingB. leadsC. ledD. to lead13. On receiving a phone call from, his wife ____ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.A. saysB. saidC. sayingD. to sayD. checked15. More highways have been built in $2, ____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.A. makingB. madeC. to makeD. having made16. $2 $2, ____ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. foundB. foundingC. foundedD. to be founded17. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.A. heldB. holdingC. to heldD. to hold18. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ____ a life span of around 20 years.A. havingB. hadC. haveD. to have19. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ____ for words.A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost20. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ____ by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheeredB. be cheeredC. to be cheeredD. were cheeredD. being compared22. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ____ into small pieces.A. breakB. breakingC. brokenD. to break23. ____ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. GatherB. To gatherC. GatheringD. To be gathering24. $2 doesn’t feel like ____ abroad. Her parents are old.A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD. to study25. Simon made a big bamboo box _____ the little sick bird till it could fly.A. keepB. keptC. keepingD. to keep26. ____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offerPart B1. Listen! Do you hear someone ____ for help?A. callingB. callC. to callC. having struggledD. to struggle3. So far nobody has claimed the money ____ in the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveringD. having discovered4. It rained heavily in the south, ____ serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. having causedC. causingD. to cause5. He had a wonderful childhood, ____ with his mother to all corners of the world.A. travelB. to travelC. traveledD. traveling6. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,l _____ the students to return to their classrooms.A. enablingB. having enabledC. to enableD. to have enabled7. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ____ for a meal to be cooked.A. laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid8. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckA completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed10. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A. being weighedB. to weighC. weighedD. weighing11. We were astonished ____ the temple still in its original condition.A. finingB. to findC. findD. to be found12. Alexander tried to get his work _____ in the medical circles.A. to recognizeB. recognizingC. recognizeD. recognized13. ____ the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about ten meters in height.A. ApproachingB. ApproachedC. To approachD. To be approached14. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ____ with her stories.A. amusedB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused15. Mr.s white showed her students some old maps _____ from the library.A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD. borrowing16. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ____ present for my dad.A. buyD. to have bought17. _____ at my classmate’s faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. LookingB. LookC. To lookD. Looked18. I’m calling to enquire about the position ____ in yesterday’s China Daily.A. advertisedB. to be advertisedC. advertisingD. having advertised19. That is the only way we can imagine ____ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.A. reducingB. to reduceC. reducedD. reduce20. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ____ in a small apartment near $2 and ____ what to do about his future.A. living; wonderingB. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonderedD. living; wondered21. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ____.A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused22. The children all turned ____ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at23. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ____?A. taking24. ____ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. CompletingB. Having completedC. To have completedD. To complete25. ____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouragedB. EncouragingC. EncouragedD. Have encouraged26. _____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of $2 $2.A. To be tiredB. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired27. There is a great deal of evidence ____ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicateB. indicatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating28. ____ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded29. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in $2, ____ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A. markingB. markedC. Having markedD. being marked30. Schools across China are expected to hire 50, 000 college graduates this year asshort-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ____ reduce unemployment pressures.D. having helped31. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. ____ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni form home and abroad.A. AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended32. We are invited to a party ____ in our club next Friday.A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. holding33. The play _____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. producedB. being producedC. to be producedD. having been produced34. When we visited our old family home, memory came ____ back.A. floodingB. to floodC. floodD. flooded35. ____, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner36. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down37. ____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.C. CompletedD. To complete38. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _____ alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.A. livingB. to liveC. to be livingD. having lived39. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed40. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the wining team let out loud shouts of victory.A. To throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown41. ______ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited42. –Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me?--No problem.A. seatB. sitC. seatedD. sat43. ____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A. To walkB. WalkingC. WalkedD. Having walkedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized45. It is one of the funniest things ____ on the Internet so far this year.A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. found46. ----They are quiet, aren’t they?---- Yes. They are accustomed ____ at meals.A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking47. To learn English well, we could find opportunities to hear English ____ as much as we can.A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak48. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ____ in the restaurant.A. workingB. workC. to workD. worked49. He was busy writing a story, only ____ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A. to stopB. stoppingC. to have stoppedD. having stopped50. Please remain ____; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A. seatingB. seatedC. to seatD. to be seated51. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ____, and asked myself what I was going to do.A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. being moved52. “Things ____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost53. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ____ in a short period.A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improvePart 3 (专四真题)1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ____ for that. (2003-47)a. for us to be preparedb. that we are preparedc. of us to be preparedd. our being prepared2. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young.a. beingb. would bec. bed. to be3. What’s the chance of ____ a general election this year? (2005—61)a. there beingb. there to bec. there bed. there going to be4. The meeting was put off because we ____ a meeting without John. (2005—62)a. objected havingb. were objected to havingc. objected to haved. objected to having5. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals ____ in $2. (1996-46)a. huntedb. huntingc. that huntedd. are hunted6. AIDS is said ____ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2002-46)a. beingb. to bec. to have beend. having been7. The Minister of Finance is believed _____ of improving new taxes to raise extra revenue. (2004-48)a. that he is thinkingb. to be thinkingc. that he is to thinkd. to think8. Professor Johnson is said ____ some significant advance in his research in the past year. (1999-43)a. having madeb. makingc. to have maded. to make9. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ____ the spoilt ones. (2006-63)a. not countingb. not to countc. don’t countd. having not counted10. If not ____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2004—45)a. being treatedb. treatedc. be treatedd. having been treated11. Time ____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (2003-48)a. permitb. permittingc. permittedd. permits12. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the biggest cereal crop. (2003-41)a. isb. beenc. bed. being13. ____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy. (2000-51)a. Lookingb. Lookedc. Having lookedd. To look14. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ____ by the police each time. (1992-42)a. had been capturedb. being always capturedc. only to be capturedd. unfortunately captured15. ____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998-45)a. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchb. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchd. Not obtained a ticket for the match16. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ____ insufficiently popular with all members. (1996-45)a. having consideredb. was consideredc. was being consideredd. being considered17. The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got the students ____ one another’s papers. (1992-58)a. correctb. to correctc. correctingd. to be correcting18. I don’t like ____ bills but when I do get them I like ____ them promptly. (1992-60)a. to get, payingb. getting, to payc. to get, to payd. getting, paying19. I never regretted ____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993-53)a. not to acceptb. not having acceptedc. having not acceptedd. not accepting20. Arriving at the bus stop, ____ waiting there. (1994-52)a. a lot of people wereb. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of peopled. people were found21. ____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994-55)a. Not receivedb. Since receivingc. Having receivedd. Not having received22. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ____ the most important of these. (1994-57)a. have beenb. arec. beingd. are being23. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder ____ out and three men climbing down it. (1995-52)a. throwingb. being thrownc. having thrownd. having been thrown24. He resented ____ to wait. He expected the minister ____ him at once. (1995-53)a. to be asked, to seeb. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeingd. being asked, seeing25. This missile is designed so that once ____ nothing can be done to retrieve it. (1995-63)a. firedb. being firedc. they firedd. having fired26. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (1996-42)a. Having timeb. Given C. Giving D. had27. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid ___. (1996-48)a. from being beatenb. being beatenc. beatingd. to be beaten28. ____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (1996-51)a. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being29. The $2 haven’t decided yet which hotel ____ . (1998-49)a. to stayb. is to stayc. to stay atd. is for staying30. ____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. (1998-51)a. Givingb. To give C. Given D. Being given31. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. (200-45)a. to beb. to have beenc. beingd. be32. Even as a girl, ____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers. (2001-42)a. performing by Melissa wereb. it was known that Melissa’s performances werec. knowing that Melissa’s performances wered. Melissa knew that performing was33. ____ him tomorrow? (2001-43)a. Why not to call onb. Why don’t call onc. Why not to calling ond. Why not call on34. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work. (2010—65)a. To be not tallb. Not being tallc. Being not talld. Not to be tall35. ____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001-51)a. To be not tallb. Not to be tallc. Being not talld. Not being tallKeys to Part A:1-5 c c c b c 6-10 d b a b a11-15 c a c d a 16-20 c d a b c21-26 b d c b d cKeys to Part B:1- 5 a c a c d 6-10 a a b b d11-15 b d a a c 16-20 b a a b a21-25 d b c d c 26-30 b b b a c31-35 c a c a b 36-40 b d a b c41-45 c c b c d 46-50 d c a b b51-53 b a aKeys to Part 3:1- 5 a d a d a 6-10 c b c a b11-15 b d b c c 16-20 d b b d b21-25 d c b b a 26-30 b b d c c31-35 c d d b d。

1. All plan __ because of the accident, they had to quit.a. having canceledb. were canceledc. having been canceledd. have been canceled2. Written in great haste, ____.a. he made a lot of mistakes in the reportb. there are plenty of errors in the reportc. we found several mistakes in his letterd. the book is full of errors3. silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ___ it closely.a. followedb. followingc. to followd. being following4. ____ such a good chance, he planned to learn more.a. to be givenb. having been givenc. having givend. giving5. Arriving at the bus stop, ____ waiting there. (1994)A. a lot of people wereB.he found a lot of peopleC.a lot of peopleD.people were found6. Agri culture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ by far the biggestcereal crop. (2003)A. isB. beenC. beD. being7. This missile is designed so that once____ nothing can be done to retrieve it.A. firedB. being firedC. they firedD. having fired让步状语从句8. _______I like economics I like sociology much better. 2003a. As much asb. So muchc. How muchd. Much as9. Fool _______Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. 2002a. whob. asc. thatd. like10. _______I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.a. as long asb. asc. whiled. even 200111. _______he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank.a. Much asb. Much thoughc. As muchd. Though much 1998结果状语从句-----Does Alan like limburgers? 2003-----Yes. So much _______ that he eats thema. forb. asc. tod. so方式状语从句She did her work _______her manager had instructed. 2002a. asb. untilc. whend. though同位语从句There is no doubt _______the company has made the right decision on the sales project.a. whyb. thatc. whetherd. when 2001宾语从句The team can handle whatever_______.a. that needs handlingb. which needs handlingc. it needs handlingd. needs to be handled 1997We can assign the task to _______ is capable and trustworthy.a. whomeverb. whoc. whomd. whoever 1994原因状语从句Mr. White works with a chemicals import and export company, but he _______for this industrial fair, since he is on leave.a. has workedb. worksc. has been workingd. is working 1998 条件状语从句You won’t get a loan _______you can offer some security.a. lestb. in casec. unlessd. other than1996_______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.a. Havingb. Givenc. Givingd. Had1996_______I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise.a. Unlessb. Asc. Thoughd. Since 1995CDBBB DA让步：DBCA 结果：D方式：A同位：B宾语：DD原因：D条件：CBA。