一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.
Certainly, most of the world's great religions (宗教) order us to be open-hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally (道德方面) right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.
First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil (恶行). Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one's sense of pride and self-dependence.
Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.
It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.
（1）What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. Moral deeds of people.
B. Religious activities of the church.
C. Moral goodness of the giver.
D. Arguments on giving to beggars.
（2）What can we infer from the sentence "But has the world changed?" in the second paragraph?
A. People no longer know who suffers misfortune in the village.
B. Some people will not do what was morally right in the past.
C. We don't meet with those who need help any more.
D. Now it is the government's duty to help the beggars.
（3）Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Some people dress up to pretend to be beggars.
B. Some beggars want money to help their children go to school.
C. Some beggars use the money to buy drugs.
D. Some beggars have no excuse for begging.
（4）In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that it is hard to come to any final conclusion, because ______.
A. the cases can be so different
B. there are so many beggars
C. there is so much money wasted
D. there are so many different arguments
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们过去和现在对乞讨者不同观点及原因，告诉我们不同问题要区别对待。
（1）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文论述了人们现在对乞讨者不同观点及原因。列举了现在人们不给乞讨者钱的几种想法及帮助别人是美德，告诉我们不同问题要区别对待。故选D。
（2）考查句义猜测。上句说多数宗教都要求我们敞开心扉和不如自己幸运的人分享。下句讲或许过去道德上认为是对的现在不再是最好的想法。前后两句是转折，所以"But has the world changed?"指情况发生了改变，人们的观念发生了改变，故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. the money' you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs.和there is no real excuse for begging.”可知A、C、D都提到了，B没提到。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently.”可知由于不同情况要区别对待，所以很难做最后结论。故选A.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Families around the country are finding new options for their children's midday meal thanks to a growing number of delivery options catering to students. Kiddos Catering in Chicago adopts a method of providing restaurant meals to schools that contract with it. Owner Michelle Moses and her staff work with area restaurants to create a variety of kid-friendly choices and deliver the meals to the schools five days a week. Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day's featured restaurant and its menu choices.
"Each day is a different restaurant with six to 10 menu options," she said. "It offers so much choice to kids." The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. "Schools really want to be in the business of educating kids," she said. "They don't want to be in the food and beverage(餐饮) business."
That doesn't mean that schools always like it when teens (or parents) take it upon themselves to order food through phone apps. Many schools have banned that practice, citing safety concerns about delivery drivers showing up at school unannounced and the burden of tracking
down students to alarm them that their meals have arrived.
"These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff," said Bernard Watson, director of community relations for Gwinnett County Public Schools in Suwanee, Ga. "In addition, our award-winning school nutrition program provides students with a wide variety of tasty, nutritious meals on-site, so there is no need to order food from outside."
Jacob Levin, a recent graduate of Bexley High School in Bexley, Ohio, relied on a sub shop to deliver a sandwich to him during lunchtime meetings or other appointments that conflicted with his lunch period. "It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it weren't for the delivery option," he said. "Having a restaurant-quality sub also was much more enjoyable than cafeteria food."
（1）What can we learn about Kiddos Catering?
A. It should be ordered online.
B. It is a non-profit food program.
C. It delivers the meals to the schools twice a day.
D. It mainly offers the featured dishes of a restaurant.
（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The aim of the food and beverage business.
B. A suitable time for school meals.
C. Advantages of the delivering school lunch.
D. An alternative to the school cafeteria.
（3）What is Bernard Watson's concern for delivering food?
A. It's less healthy than that in the school cafeteria.
B. It causes a potential danger to students.
C. It attracts students' attention to study.
D. Its arrival is usually not punctual.
（4）What is Jacob Levin's attitude to the change of the school lunch?
A. Neutral.
B. Careless.
C. Supportive.
D. Unfavorable.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。孩子们的午餐有了新的选择，这要归功于越来越多迎合学生口味的外卖服务。但是该怎样权衡这一现象的利弊呢？
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day's featured restaurant and its menu choices"可知，Kiddos Catering提供的午餐需要在网上预订。故选A。
（2）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“ The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. ”可知本段从父母以及学校两个角度介绍了递送的学校午餐的好处。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff "可知，Bernard Watson担忧的是，食物的递送可能会给学生带来潜在的危险。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it weren't for the delivery option,"可推断出，Jacob Levin 对此的态度是支持的。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
A recent study finds that the dirt on the ground is likely to worsen climate change. Researchers have shown that warmer temperatures are heating the soil, which is causing microbes (微生物) to become more active and release more of the soil's carbon into the atmosphere. These soil changes can potentially contribute to even higher temperatures.
Scientists studied device readings, soil measurements, plant growth details and satellite observations from around the world. Their work is the most complete study on the subject.
They found a sharp increase in carbon released into the atmosphere by bacteria and fungi (真菌) in soil from 1990 to 2014. Researchers explain that the carbon comes from the dead plants and leaves the microbes eat. As temperatures rise, the microbes eat more. And the more they eat, the more carbon can be made into carbon dioxide and released into the atmosphere.
This uncontrolled cycle speeds up and intensifies climate change. Overall, soil releases about nine times more carbon than human activities. But that is part of a natural cycle: the amount of carbon released into the air is about equal to the carbon oceans and plants take in.
However, carbon released from fossil fuel causes an imbalance. Burning coal, oil and natural gas puts more carbon into the atmosphere than nature can take in. The additional carbon heats the air and soil. And as the air and soil get hotter, the earth will release more carbon than it has been holding.
If something isn't done, we are really in trouble. Proper soil conservation can help keep more carbon in soil. Conservation methods include avoiding turning the soil, covering off-season crops and leaving crop deposits on the ground.
（1）Which word can best describe the scientists' research data?
A.Rich.
B.Rare.
C.Limited.
D.Difficult.
（2）What does the underlined word "intensifies" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Causes.
B.Demands.
C.Strengthens.
D.Shows.
（3）What mainly causes the soil's temperature to rise?
A.Active bacteria.
B.Human activities.
C.The overuses of soil.
D.The wastes of fossil fuels.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A.Warmer soil and more carbon.
B.The soil and the environment.
C.The microbes and the temperatures.
D.Hotter air and warmer environment.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类燃烧燃料造成的土壤变化可能导致地球更高的温度。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Scientists studied device readings, soil measurements, plant growth details and satellite observations from around the world. Their work is the most complete study on the subj ect.”科学家们研究了来自世界各地的设备读数、土壤测量、植物生长细节和卫星观测数据。他们的工作是对这一课题最全面的研究。故选A。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“This uncontrolled cycle speeds up and intensifies climate change.”可知，and 为并列连词，即intensifies应与之前的speeds up 为同义词。speed up 意为“加速”，C项strengthen 意为“加强；增强”可为同义词。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“However, carbon released from fossil fuel causes an imbalance. Burning coal, oil and natural gas puts more carbon into the atmosphere than nature can take in. The additional carbon heats the air and soil. And as the air and soil get hotter, the ear th will release more carbon than it has been holding”然而，化石燃料释放的碳造成了不平衡。燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气向大气中排放的碳超过了自然所能吸收的量。额外的碳使空气和土壤升温。随着空气和土壤变得越来越热，地球释放出的碳将超过它所承受的量。可知，人类的一系列燃烧燃料的行为是土壤温度上升的主要原因。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“soil changes can potentially contribute to even higher te mperatures.”中间段落进行阐述分析原因和结果。末段提出了“Proper soil conservation can help keep more carbon in soil.”并提供了建议。因此标题关键词需有 soil, carbon等核心词。A 项Warmer soil and more carbon.符合分析。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
I became a magician by accident. When I was nine years old, I learned how to make a coin disappear. I'd read The Lord of the Rings and risked coming into the adult section of the library to search for a book of spells (魔法) — nine being that curious age at which you're old enough to work through more than 1, 200 pages of mysterious fantasy literature but young enough to still
hold out hope that you might find a book of real, actual magic in the library. The book I found instead taught basic sleight-of-hand (戏法) technique, and I devoted the next months to practice. Initially, the magic wasn't any good. At first it wasn't even magic; it was just a trick — a bad trick. I spent hours each day in the bathroom running through the secret moves in front of the mirror. I dropped the coin over and over, a thousand times in a day, and after two weeks of this my mom got a carpet sample from the store and placed it under the mirror to eradicate the sound of the coin falling again and again.
I had heard my dad work through passages of new music on the piano, so I knew how to practice — slowly, deliberately, going for precision rather than speed. And then I tried the illusion (错觉) in the mirror and an unbelievable scene took place. It did not look like a magic trick. It looked like a miracle. I knew that I had got what I wanted.
One day I made the performance on the playground. We had been playing football and were standing by the backstop in the field behind the school. A dozen people were watching. I showed the coin to everyone. Then it disappeared. The kids screamed. They yelled, laughed, scrambled away. Everyone went crazy. This was brilliant.
（1）What did the author enter the adult section of the library to do?
A. To kill his time.
B. To find a book of magic. C To read The Lord of the Rings. D. To learn knowledge of literature.（2）What does the underlined word "eradicate" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Get rid of.
B. Give out.
C. Imitate.
D. Distinguish.
（3）What contributed to the author's success?
A. His mother's help.
B. The secret of quick moves.
C. The inspiration from his father.
D. His repeated hard practice.
（4）How would the author feel about the result of his performance on the playground?
A. It's fantastic.
B. It's funny.
C. It's awkward.
D. It's disappointing.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者变成魔术师是偶然的，并且具体讲述了自己九岁时学习如何让硬币消失的经历。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I'd read The Lord of the Rings and risked coming into the adult section of the library to search for a book of spells ”我读过《魔戒》，并且冒险进入图书馆的成人区寻找魔法书，可知，作者进入图书馆的成人区是为了寻找魔法书。原文中使用了不定式表达目的。故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段讲述作者一开始练习让硬币消失时的练习经历，他每天要在镜子前练1000遍左右，那么硬币也就会掉在地上1000次左右。所以划线单词所在句子句意应为：两周后，妈妈从店里买了一块地毯，把它放在镜子下面，以掩盖硬币一次又一次落下的声音。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I had heard my dad work through passages of new
music on the piano, so I knew how to practice — slowly, deliberately, going for precision rather than speed. And then I tried the illusion (错觉) in the mirror and an unbelievable scene took place. It did not look like a magic trick. It looked like a miracle.”可知，作者是在父亲练习钢琴的经历的启发下，领悟到了练习的真谛，最终取得了成功。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“They yelled, laughed, scrambled away. Everyone went crazy. This was brilliant.”，可知作者在操场上表演完硬币消失之后，其他同学欢呼、大小并且都不知道是如何做到的，每个人都很疯狂。作者认为这个经历是非常棒的。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一盘故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
DNA analysis has revealed family relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.
The evidence suggests that megaliths, prehistoric large stone structures, sometimes acted as graves for family groups in northwestern Europe thousands of years ago. The latest findings throw new light on the origins and social structure of the groups that built megaliths in this region—a history that has long been hidden in mystery.
For their study, the international team of researchers analyzed the genomes—the complete set of genetic material in a cell—of 24 Stone Age individuals from five megalithic burial sites in Ireland, Scotland and Gotland, a large Swedish island in the Baltic Sea.
This analysis showed that many of the individuals buried at each megalith, who all lived between 3,800 B.C. and 2,600 B.C., according to radiocarbon-dating of their remains, were closely related via family ties.
The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe but genetically distinct from other hunter-gatherers. This was particularly noticeable at the Ansarve site on the island of Gotland.
"The people buried in the Ansarve tomb are remarkably different on a genetic level compared to the individuals dug out from hunter-gather contexts, showing that the burial tradition in this megalithic tomb, which lasted for over 700 years, was performed by distinct groups with roots in the European Neolithic expansion," Magdalena Fraser, co-first author from Uppsala University, said in the statement.
（1）What's the significance of the new findings?
A. It reveals the family ties between people in Ireland and Sweden.
B. It implies that many people buried in the tombs were closely related.
C. It indicates the long-hidden mystery concerning DNA analysis.
D. It suggests that the megaliths became tombs thousands of years ago.
（2）How did the researchers reach their findings?
A.By interviewing individuals.
B.By travelling to different regions.
C.By analyzing genes.
D.By studying the burial sites.
（3）Which is true according to the latest findings?
A.Some people buried in the tombs were related to farmers.
B.Few people buried in the tombs were genetically different.
C.All the people buried at megaliths had family relationships.
D.People buried in the Ansarve tomb were dug out 700 years later.
（4）What's the main idea of this passage?
A.Megaliths served as tombs thousands of years ago.
B.People buried at the megaliths were recently analyzed.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b5632603.html,test findings shed light on a mystery about burials.
D.Stone-Age people in Ireland and Sweden had close ties.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最新一项发现显示石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人可能存在亲属关系。研究人员通过分析来自爱尔兰、苏格兰和位于波罗的海的瑞典格特兰岛的5个巨石墓葬遗址的24个石器时代个体的基因组。发现，每座巨石下埋葬着许多人，他们都生活在公元前3800年至公元前2600年之间根据他们遗体的放射性碳年代测定，他们的血缘关系非常密切。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“DNA analysis has revealed family relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.”可知DNA分析揭示了爱尔兰和瑞典巨石墓群10多代人之间存在家庭关系。这项新发现意味着埋葬在坟墓里的许多人是近亲。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“For their study, the international team of researchers analyzed the genomes”可知研究人员是通过分析基因组得出这项发现的，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe”可知埋葬在巨石阵中的人与北欧和西欧的新石器时代农民有关，故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“DNA analysis has revealed fa mily relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.”以及文章主要内容可知文章中心内容主要围绕着石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人有密切联系展开。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Fallingwater is a house built over a waterfall in Southwestern Pennsylvania. Frank Lloyd Wright, America's most famous architect, designed the house in 1935. It instantly became famous, and
today it is a National Historic Landmark.
In-Depth Tour
The tour is best if you desire a greater understanding of what Wright was seeking to create with his masterwork. The number of visitors on each tour is limited and photography is permitted for personal use only. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. $65.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
Guided House Tour
This tour features all the major rooms of the house and lasts about one hour. Photography is not permitted during this tour. The Guided House Tour allows children six-year-old and older to enjoy the house with their parents.
Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase
—$23.00 when purchased on site
Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase
—$17.00 when purchased on site
Brunch (早午餐)Tour
The guests join their guide for brunch before they leave. Children nine years and older may be accompanied by adults on this tour. Please allow three hours in total for this experience.
$115.00 per person (Available by advance ticket purchase only)
May through September- Saturdays & Sundays at 9:00 a.m.
（1）What can we know about In-Depth Tour?
A. The ticket is available on site.
B. It is not available at 9:30 a.m.
C. Visitors are forbidden to take photos.
D. The number of visitors is not limited.
（2）How much will a couple with a girl aged 8 pay if they buy the Guided House Tour tickets in advance?
A. $34
B. $63.
C. $40.
D. $54.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一栋建在宾夕法尼亚州西南部瀑布上的房子——流水别墅。
（1）考查细节理解。根据In-Depth Tour部分中的”Daily from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.“可知，In-Depth Tour在每日上午十时至下午四时之间开放。由此可知，早上9:30是不开放的。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Guided House Tour部分中的”Adults —$20.00 with advance purchase“成人- $20.00，预购；以及”Youth (aged 6-12) —$14.00 with advance purchase“6-12岁的青少年- $14.00，预购，可知，一对夫妇带着一个8岁的女孩买导游房的门票需要花费$20.00*2 +$14.00=$54.00。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要主准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
British Museum Visitor Regulations
Opening hours
We open the Museum's galleries daily from 10：00 am until 17：30 pm. We keep selected galleries open until 20：30 pm on Fridays.
The Museum's Great Court is open from 9:00 am until 18:00 pm; except on Fridays when it remains open until 20:30 pm.
You may be asked by your staff to begin leaving up to ten minutes before closing time.
The Museum is closed 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admission
We warmly welcome you on your visit to the Museum. In the interests of the security of all of our visitors we require you follow these regulations.
Admission to the Museum is free, but we may charge for entry to some temporary exhibitions and events.
Food and drink
You aren't allowed to consume food and drink inside the Museum, except in places such as the restaurant and cafes or the forecourt. Families with children may use the Ford Centre for young visitors in the basement of the Museum's Great Court at weekends and during school holidays.
Animals
If you have a disability, you may be accompanied in the Museum by your guide, assistant or companion animal. You aren't allowed to bring animals into the Museum under any other circumstance.
Film, photography and audio recording
Except the place that are indicated by notices, you're permitted to use hand-held cameras (including mobile phones) with flash bulbs or flash units, and audio and film recording equipment not requiring a stand. You may use your photographs, film and audio recordings only for your own private and non-commercial purposes.
（1）When can visitors visit the Museum?
A. At 18:30 pm on weekends.
B. At 14:00 am on Christmas Day.
C. At 19:00 pm on Fridays.
D. At 11:00 am on New Year's Day.
（2）Who are the regulations mainly intended for?
A. The visitors.
B. The staff.
C. The parents.
D. The children.（3）What can visitors do in the Museum?
A. Eat and drink as they like.
B. Take along their pet dogs.
C. Record films for sale.
D. Take photos for personal purpose.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了大英博物馆的游客守则。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Opening hours部分中的“The Museum's Great Court is open from 9:00 am until 18:00 pm; except on Fridays when it remains open until 20:30 pm.”及“The
Museum is closed 24-26 December and 1 January.”可知，大英博物馆从上午9点开放到下午18点，周五开放到晚上20:30，12月24日至26日圣诞节期间和1月1日新年是闭馆的，由此可知，你可以在星期五晚上19:00去参观，故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。纵观全文，以及标题“British Museum Visitor Regulations”可知，本文介绍的是大英博物馆的游客守则，自然是针对游客的，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据Film, photography and audio recording部分中的“You may use your photographs, film and audio recordings only for your own private and non-commercial purposes.”可知，大英博物馆里允许游客出于个人目的或非商业目的拍照，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
One of my favorite hobbies is exchanging old-fashioned, paper-with-a-stamp-on-it postcards with random strangers around the world.
The Postcrossing Project was created by Paulo Magalhaes in 2005. He liked getting mails—especially postcards. He thought others did, too—but how could he connect with them? That's when he came up with the idea of an online platform (https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b5632603.html,): There, postcard lovers like me can sign up to send a postcard to someone who has registered online, and receive a postcard in return.
Along with a randomly selected address, participants get a unique code to put on the postcard. When the postcard arrives, the recipient registers that code with the site, which then causes the sender's address to be given to another postcrosser in turn. In practice, this means that for nearly every postcard I send (a few get lost in the mail) I get one back. And since I never know who will send me a card or where in the world they live, every trip to the mailbox holds the potential for a wonderful surprise.
Privacy-conscious Americans might worry about sharing their address with strangers overseas. But postcrossers are friendly, polite, respectful folks—in more than 450 cards exchanged, I've yet to have a bad experience.
On days when the international news is depressing, postcrossing is my comfort. There's nothing like getting a card from a child in China just learning to write in English, or a grandmother in Belarus describing her most recent gardening success to remind me that we truly are members of one global family, far more similar than we are different.
It seems like such a small thing to send out a postcard. But as travel and communication technology continue to shrink the world, it's important to remember that it isn't just for diplomats and politicians to represent our country anymore. All of us have the power—and perhaps the responsibility—to be ambassadors, to show the best of your country to the world.
And it's good to know that what you need to accomplish this is not necessarily complicated or expensive. It can be as simple as a postcard.
（1）Why did Paulo set up https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b5632603.html,?
A. To discuss personal hobbies with strangers.
B. To exchange postcards with others in the world
C. To collect different postcards from other countries.
D. To provide a platform for communication online.
（2）According to the passage, postcrossers __________.
A. don't know who will send them postcards
B. are sure to get a postcard back immediately
C. often choose a receiver's address carefully
D. register every postcard they receive online （3）What did the writer learn from postcrossing?
A. The international news is usually depressing.
B. Americans are more conscious about privacy.
C. Postcrossers sometimes describe their bad experience.
D. The whole world is actually a big family.
（4）What does the underlined word "this" refer to?
A. Choosing a diplomat to represent a country.
B. Having the responsibility to be an ambassador.
C. Showing the best of your country.
D. Shrinking the world with communication technology.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b5632603.html,网站，一个可以让世界各地的陌生人交换老式的、带有邮票的明信片的网站，由Paulo Magalhaes 在2005年创立。文章说明了在这个网站和他人交换明信片的方式，以及作者认为这是一种能够向世界展示自己国家最好的一面的方式，而且它并不复杂也不昂贵。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“That's when he came up with the idea of an online platform (https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b5632603.html,): There, postcard lovers like me can sign up to send a postcard to someone who has registered online, and receive a postcard in return.”就在那时，他想到了一个在线平台(https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b5632603.html,):在那里，像我这样的明信片爱好者可以注册，向网上注册的用户发送明信片，并收到明信片作为回报。可知保罗建立了https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b5632603.html,是为了和世界上的其他人交换明信片。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“And since I never know who will send me a card or where in the world they live, every trip to the mailbox holds the potential for a wonderful surprise.”因为我不知道谁会给我寄贺卡，也不知道他们住在世界的什么地方，所以每次去邮箱都有可能带来惊喜。可知postcrosser并不知道谁会给他们寄明信片。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“There's nothing like getting a card from a child in China just learning to write in English, or a grandmother in Belarus describing her most recent gardening success to remind me that we truly are members of one global family, far more similar than we are different.”在中国，没有什么比收到孩子们寄来的贺卡更能提醒我，我们是同一个全球大家庭的一员，相似之处远远多于不同之处。）可知作者从postcrossing中认识整个世界实际上是一个大家庭。故选D。
（4）考查代词指代。根据倒数第二段中的“All of us have the power—and perhaps the
responsibility—to be ambassadors, to show the best of your country to the world.”我们所有人都有能力——或许也有责任——成为大使，向世界展示你们国家最好的一面。可知要向世界展示自己国家最好的一面，你需要做的并不复杂也不昂贵。故this指代“展示你国家最好的一面。”故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
Traveling Tips
No Smoking
Federal and State Government Regulations do not allow you to smoke on board express coaches within Australia.
Luggage Allowance
As a fare paying customer you are entitled to take 2 pieces of personal luggage. Each must not exceed 75 cm in length, or weigh more than 20kg.
Excess luggage will be carried at the company's excess luggage rate and depending on space availability may be required to be carried on another coach.
Luggage Tips
1) Keep your valuables with you. Money, jewellery, valuable documents, credit cards, keys, medications should be retained by you and not on the coach at meal or transport stops.
2) Use sturdy, lockable luggage. Do not use plastic bags as these may split during the transit.
3) Make sure you identify your luggage with a name tag.
4) Backpacks—stow all items and do not leave mugs, shoes, towels hanging off your backpack as these can get caught in other luggage and cause damage.
Departure Times
The time shown on your ticket is the coach departure time. If you are boarding halfway and not at a travel centre or terminal you should be at the pick up point 15 minutes ahead of this time, so you can be comfortably on board by the time the coach is due to leave. If you are boarding at a travel centre or terminal, please arrive at least 20 minutes prior to the published departure time and remember to allow extra time at peak travel times.
Dress Requirements
As a courtesy, and so as not to offend fellow travelers, a reasonable standard of clothing and footwear is required.
（1）As a traveler, you can_____.
A.take the luggage 75 cm in length and 20kg in weight only
B.leave valuable belongings on coach when going for meals
C.identify your luggage by attaching a name tag to it
D.leave the mugs and shoes hanging off the backpack
（2）Among the following traveling tips, which one is true?
A.Smoking is strictly forbidden all over the places within Australia.
B.Plastic bags should be avoided in case of split during the transit.
C.15 minutes ahead of the departure time should be guaranteed.
D.Standards of dress requirements have been specifically listed.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旅行列出五个建议，并就每个建议进行了说明。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三个建议Luggage Tips中的“Make sure you identify your luggage with a name tag.”可知，确保你的行李上有姓名标签，也就是在行李上贴上姓名标签以识别你的行李，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三个建议 Luggage Tips中的“Do not use plastic bags as these may split during the transit.”可知，不要使用塑料袋，因为塑料袋可能会在运输过程中裂开，所以在运输过程中避免使用塑料袋以防裂开。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Triple Olympic and world sprint(短跑) champion Usain Bolt of Jamaica said on Monday he expects years of fast feats to ease doping doubts in athletics and has no plans to play American football.
Appearing on ESPN programs and in light-hearted races outside the television sport network's studios, Bolt said he feels he must prove himself to a skeptical sports world in the wake of past doping scandals(诽谤).
"I have to prove myself to the world that you can run fast without it," Bolt said.
Bolt cited the speeds he and countryman Asafa Powell and American Tyson Gay have achieved without positive doping tests.
"We just (have to) continue to run fast," Bolt said. "In a couple of years everyone will continue to watch again and have less doubts."
Bolt won gold in the 100m, 200 and 4x100 relay in world record times at last year's Beijing Olympics and last month in Berlin set world records of 9.58 seconds in the 100 and 19.19 in the 200 and helped a relay title in a World Championships treble.
"I want to be a legend in the sport. For me it's all a focus on winning championships after championships," Bolt said.
"I don't consider myself a legend. When I defend my titles I will consider myself a legend."
Bolt's defending of World and Olympic gold should be the feature attraction of the 2011 IAAF World Championships in Daegu, South Korea, and the 2012 London Olympics.
（1）Why does Usain Bolt say that he has no plans to play American football?
A. Because he wants to ease doping doubts in athletics.
B. Because he wants to show his fast feats.
C. Because he is doubted by some people.
D. Because he runs fastest in the world.
（2）How many times did Usain Bolt break the world records?
A. three times.
B. four times.
C. five times.
D. eight times.（3）What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Usain Bolt plans years of fast feats to ease doping doubts.
B. Usain Bolt is doubted for his athletics.
C. Usain Bolt set world records again in Berlin last month.
D. Usain Bolt wants to a legend in the sport.
（4）The passage can be read ___________.
A. on TV
B. on the Internet
C. in a book
D. in a newspaper.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，本周一，来自牙买加的两届奥运会和世界短跑冠军博尔特(Usain Bolt)表示，他希望通过多年的快速成绩来缓解运动员服用兴奋剂的疑虑。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Triple Olympic and world sprint（短跑）champion Usain Bolt of Jamaica said on Monday he expects years of fast feats to ease doping doubts in athletics and has no plans to play American football.”本周一，来自牙买加的两届奥运会和世界短跑冠军博尔特(Usain Bolt)表示，他希望通过多年的快速成绩来缓解运动员服用兴奋剂的疑虑，而且他没有踢美式足球的计划）可推知，因为人们对田径运动中兴奋剂的疑虑，他想平息这种疑虑，证明没有兴奋剂也可以，所以选择继续跑步，没有踢美式足球的计划。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Bolt won gold in the 100m, 200 and 4x100 relay in world record times at last year's Beijing Olympics and last month in Berlin set world records of 9.58 seconds in the 100 and 19.19 in the 200 and helped a relay title in a World Championships treble.”在去年的北京奥运会上，博尔特获得了100米、200米和4x100接力的金牌，打破了世界纪录，上个月在柏林，他以100米9.58秒和200米19.19秒的成绩打破了世界纪录，并帮助他在接力赛上夺取了世界锦标赛的三冠王，可知，博尔特在北京奥运会上打破了3次世界纪录，在柏林打破了2次世界纪录，总共打破过5次世界纪录。故选C。（3）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Appearing on ESP N programs and in light-hearted races outside the television sport network's studios, Bolt said he feels he must prove himself to a skeptical sports world in the wake of past doping scandals（诽谤）.”博尔特出现在ESPN的节目中，并在电视体育网络的演播室外参加轻松愉快的比赛，他说，在过去的兴奋剂丑闻之后，他觉得自己必须向持怀疑态度的体育界证明自己，及下文博尔特所说的话可知，本文介绍了尤塞恩·博尔特的田径运动受到了人们的质疑。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Triple Olympic and world sprint（短跑）champion Usain Bolt of Jamaica said on Monday he expects years of fast feats to ease doping doubts in athletics and has no plans to play Ameri can football.”本周一，来自牙买加的两届奥运会和世界短跑冠军博尔特(Usain Bolt)表示，他希望通过多年的快速成绩来缓解运动员服用兴奋剂的疑虑，而且他没有踢美式足球的计划，可推知，本篇文章极可能来自报纸。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity(繁荣). Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: "I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try."What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解)can we discover a new meaning in competition.
（1）Why are some people in favor of competition?
A. Because they think competition pushes society forward.
B. Because they think competition improves social abilities.
C. Because they think competition builds up a sense of pride.
D. Because they think competition develops people's relationship.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. People who try their best to win.
B. People who highly value competition.
C. People who are strongly against competition.
D. People who mostly rely on others for success.
（3）Which viewpoint does the author agree to?
A. Self-worth relies on winning.
B. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
C. Competition leads to unfriendly relationship.
D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B. People hold different opinions about competition.
C. Failures are necessary experience in competition.
D. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们对于竞争所持的不同观点。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. ”可知，一些人赞成竞争是因为他们认为竞争促进社会的进步和繁荣。故选A。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“they strongly blame competition"他们强烈谴责竞争；以及"youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society"遭受来自父母或社会的竞争压力的年轻人，可推知，画线部分的意思是"强烈反对的"。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition.“只有当这种基本的、常常令人烦恼的恐惧开始消失时，我们才能在竞争中发现新的意义。可推知，作者认为竞争要摆脱对失败的恐惧。故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段”In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.“在现代社会，关于竞争有很多争论。有些人非常重视它，认为它对社会进步和繁荣负有责任。其他人说竞争是不好的;它使一个人反对另一个人;这会导致人与人之间不友好的关系。以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍人们对于竞争所持的不同观点。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读理解
Engineers in Upstate New York have invented a folded paper device that looks like a decorated art project. But don't be fooled. This is actually a paper-based battery. No, it doesn't look like any of those metal batteries running flashlights or smartphones. In these systems, the battery can be printed on a page. The battery's power consists of living bacteria.
Paper electronics are simple to make and inexpensive, notes study leader Seokheun Choi, an engineer at Binghamton University. They need no electrical outlet to recharge. They just need more bacteria, which can be found everywhere — including dirty water.
"Most batteries use chemicals to generate electricity. Substituting bacteria can be an
advantage," Choi says. "They are cheap and self-repairing." What paper-based batteries won't do is generate much power. They do, however create enough to run small devices in faraway or dangerous places — such as a battlefield. They might also find use in medicine. For instance, they might power tiny sensors, such as the types used to measure blood sugar.
This invention is based on an observation made more than a century ago — that microbes (微生物) produce electricity as they digest food. Scientists refer to the bio-batteries based on this principle as microbial fuel cells. A fuel cell generates electricity like a regular battery. But a regular battery stops producing electricity when its inner chemical reactions stop. A fuel cell uses fuel that can be refilled. In this case, bacteria serve as the fuel. By refilling more microbes, as needed, scientists can keep these fuel cells running.
Lab tests have shown that the new battery can produce a current. Now, Choi and his team are looking at ways to increase the power. They're studying different shapes and materials for the anode and cathode (正负极). They're also looking for the best ways to combine batteries for more power. The beauty of the paper devices is that you can simply fold them to connect them. And they surely will be a trend in the near future.
（1）What makes the paper-based batteries different from other batteries?
A. They are mainly used to run smartphones.
B. They use bacteria to generate electricity.
C. They are used to decorate small devices.
D. They take a much shorter time to recharge.（2）What can the paper-based batteries do?
A. Power tiny devices.
B. Lower blood sugar levels.
C. Produce much electricity.
D. Change chemicals in the paper.
（3）What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A. The application of the new battery.
B. The characteristics of the paper batteries.
C. The intention to invent the device.
D. The working principle of the invention.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the development of the paper-based batteries?
A.Defensive.
B.Optimistic.
C.Doubtful.
D.Ambiguous.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了纸基电池的原理，这种电池可以通过微生物进行充电，同时，该电池也可以运用在医学方面，如测试血糖等。研发团队则在寻找能使该电池储存更多电量的方法。该电池最大的优势是可以随时随地折叠起来带走。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"They need no electrical outlet to recharge. They just need more bacteria, which can be found everywhere — including dirty water."这种电池是不需要外接发电设备进行充电的，只需要细菌就可以充电了，这是该电池与传统电池的不同之处。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"What paper-based batteries won't do is generate much power. They do, however create enough to run small devices in faraway or dangerous places"纸基电池不会储存很多的电量，但这些电量还是能远程支持一些小型设备或运用在一些危险的地方，A项符合题意，故选A。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的"This invention is based on an observation made more than a century ago — that microbes（微生物）produce electricity as they digest food"，这项发明是基于百年前的一项观察，即微生物在消化食物的时候会产生电量。因此，科学家们"Scientists refer to the bio-batteries based on this principle as microbial fuel cells"根据这一原理将生物电池成为微生物燃料电池。由此可知，第四段介绍了生物电池的工作原理，故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The beauty of the paper devices is that you can simply fold them to connect them"该电池的优点是，人们可以简单地通过折叠来连接它们。作者用到beauty"优点"一词来说明该设备，说明作者对于该设备持一种积极的态度。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
13．阅读理解
As the President of Ariel Investments, I am often asked how to cultivate (培养) green hands to be qualified for a new job within a short time. My memories take me straight back to the days when I worked for John W. Rogers.
While in college, I worked as an intern (实习生) at Ariel Investments. As the youngest girl of six kids from a single mom, I had very little knowledge of the business world. When I graduated, I decided to return to the company to improve myself.
At the age of 22, my perspective was greatly influenced by lunching with the company's founder and then-president, John W. Rogers. He told me that I would often find myself in the company of rich and successful people with big titles, lots of degrees and lots of experience. And yet, my ideas could still be as good or even better, he said. This early advice became the guiding force that has helped me throughout my entire career. When I was starting out, I thought my inexperience was holding me back, but John said that it was a good thing. He told me that being inexperienced means that you have a fresh point of view.
As my tutor, John encouraged me to be brave. As my boss, he took some giant leaps of faith to support me. Because of our first lunch and the years of support that followed, I never thought twice about speaking up, raising my hand or taking a seat at the table. Staying in the background was never a choice. But John's advice came with one important warning. I needed to keep my attitude in check. It's one thing to be firm but quite another to be rude. Similarly, there is a fine line between confidence and overconfidence. With that in mind, I have had to learn to balance the way I act around others. As someone once told me, "the goal is to be non-threatened and non-threatening at the same time."
（1）What can we learn about the author from the text?
A.She went to Ariel Investments after graduation for practice.
B.She made her voice heard with encouragement from her boss.
C.Her miserable childhood had a negative effect on her work.
D.Her performance during internship was highly praised in public.
（2）Due to John W. Rogers' advice, the author_______.
A.learned to strike a balance between work and life
B.contributed her ideas only after listening to others'
C.no longer felt lost and became aware of her own value
D.switched to a different company to display her talent
（3）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Keep Your Attitude under Control.
B.Encourage Your Employees to Grow.
C.Let Your Success Be Your Noise.
D.Live a Life with a High Goal.
（4）Who would probably benefit most from this article?
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9b5632603.html,pany bosses.
B.Those new to a job.
C.Business consultants.
D.Experienced teammates.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作为实习生，作者在实习期间受到公司的创始人、董事长John W. Rogers深深地影响，John W. Rogers鼓励作者要敢于思考、发表自己的想法，也鼓励作者要勇敢，因为John W. Rogers，作者也学习到"要有锋芒却不伤人"。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"At the age of 22, my perspective was greatly influenced by lunching with the company's founder and then-president, John W. Rogers."作者22岁时的想法被John W. Rogers极大地影响，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"my ideas could still be as good or even better, he said. This early advice became the guiding force that has helped me throughout my entire career." John W. Rogers说作者的想法可以很好甚至可以更好，这些建议对于作者整个职业生涯造成了非常大的影响，这些影响使得作者不再感到迷茫，同时也开始意识到自己的价值。故选C。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的"‘With that in mind, I have had to learn to balance the way I act around others. As s omeone once told me, ’the goal is to be non-threatened and non-threatening at the same time. "可知，作者通过自己的经历告诉读者，要平衡自信与自负之间的关系，而且曾经有人告诉作者"要有锋芒，但也不要伤人"，即能控制自己的态度，总结概括了文章的主旨。故选A。
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Gemini Man Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身). Jojo Rabbit During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler. Doctor Sleep Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage? A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep. B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit. C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series. D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora. （2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend? A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil 【答案】（1）A （2）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy w ith psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。
课题 :动词的时态语态 2011年高考真题 1. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense— so many things will have changed by next year. (全国 I. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 2. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite. (全国卷 I A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be 3. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there. (全国卷 I A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 4. Experiments of this kind _____in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted 5. Tom __________ in the library every night over the last three months. (北京卷 A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 6. - Bob has gone to California. - Oh, can you tell me when he _________?(北京卷 A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leaving 7. ----That must have been a long trip. ---Yeah, it __________ us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking 8. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____ four days later. (上海卷 A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued 9. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition? (上海卷
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there. In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban. Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides. Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality. For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air. （1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city? A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week. B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday. C. By limiting the number of new cars. D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles? A. Raised the number of public vehicles. B. Offered free bus and subway rides. C. Introduced more travel options. D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city. （3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico? A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax rises. C. Congestion charge. D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage? A. Mexico —an Island Plateau B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones D. How to Improve Air Quality 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
最新历年全国高考英语名词试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择名词 1．_________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change. A．The Garden Party B．The Green Room C．To the Lighthouse D．Daisy Miller 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：《到灯塔去》是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫最具自传体色彩的小说，它围绕女性在社会中的角色、死亡和变化等主题展开了一系列的思考而非情节的描写。A. The Garden Party《花园聚会》；B. The Green Room《候场室》；C. To the Lighthouse 《到灯塔去》；D. Daisy Miller《黛西·米勒》。由“Virginia Woolf”可知，Virginia Woolf是To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》的作者。故选C项。 2．事故现场 Scenery:指某地总的自然景色或风景全貌。 Sight:既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，多指人工的事物，又可以指名胜、风景，只是在表示后者的含义时，必须要用复数。 View:1.常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分，有时可与scene互换。 2.视野=sight 3.观点跟opinion同义。 根据本句句意可知，D选项正确。 3．The broken window was the that the house had been broken into. A．evidence B．expression C．scenery D．function 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. evidence证据； B. expression表达； C. scenery风景； D. function功能。句意：弄坏的窗户是这所房子被破门而入的证据。故选A。 4．It has been proved that there is a(n) ______ between smoking and certain diseases. A．connection B．description. C．expression D．concentration 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order
2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（70） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher,but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words,but they actually come from James March,a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years March(possibly the wisest philosopher of management)has studied how humans think and act,and he continues to do so in his new bookThe Ambiguities of Experience. He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning:“Experience is respected;experience is sought;experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及)serious complications(复杂化),ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book. In one interesting part of the book,for example,he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting,he argues,we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “The more accurately(精确地)reality is presented,the less understandable the story,and the more understandable the stor y,the less realistic it is.” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher,March is also a poet,and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short,it is demanding:Don’t pick it up lookin g for quick,easy lessons. Rather,be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 1. According to the text,James March is. A. a poet who uses experience in his writing B. a teacher who teaches story writing in university C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions 2. According to James March,experience. A. is overvalued B. is easy to explain C. should be actively sought D. should be highly respected
【英语】历年全国高考英语代词试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择代词 1．— How much salt did you put in the soup? 一 Oh, sorry! . I forgot. A．Little B．Nothing C．None D．Few 【答案】C 【解析】 考查不定代词。A. Little少许；B. Nothing无事，无物；C. None没有任何东西；D. Few很少。上句：你在汤里放了多少盐？下句：我忘了放盐。也就是一点也没有，故选C。 2．— You seem busy these days. —Yes. I’m writing a story. You know, it’s really not easy to write ______ with attractive plots. A．this B．it C．one D．that 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：你近些天看起来很忙。是的，我在写故事，你知道，写一个有吸引力的情节的故事不容易。.it／one ／that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词.一般说来,it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a／an ＋名词; that为特指,相当于the ＋名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that。前面提到是a story，故选择C。 考点：考查it,one,that用法区别 3．Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of China’s Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billio n fortune, ______making him the richest person in China. A．it B．one C．that D．which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 试题分析：考查代词。句意：中国阿里巴巴集团创始人兼董事长马云拥有286亿美元的财富，这使他成为中国首富。分析句子结构可知，此处用one代替前面的a $28.6 billion fortune，实际上是它的同位语，后面的making him the richest person in China.是现在分词作后置定语修饰one，注意此处不是非限定性定语从句，如果是非限定定语从句的话应该用makes而不是making，所以不能选which，故选B。 考点：考查代词 4．I’d appreciate ______ if you would pick me up at seven this evening. A．hat B．this C．it D．you
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.