高英修辞总结

Unit 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar1. Onomatopoeia（拟声法）：is the formation of words in imitation or the sounds associated with the thing concerned.e。

g。

1）Little monkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people（Para。

1)2) the squeaking and rumbling（Para. 9）bye。

g。

1) the heat and glare of a big open square （Para. 1)2)…until you rounded a corner and see a fairlyland of dancing flashes….3)…in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar （Para. 7) 3. alliteration(头韵): is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters.e.g。

1) …thread their way among the throngs of people （Para。

1）2）…the sellers, on the other hand, make a point of protesting4。

Hyperbole(夸张）：is the use of a form of words to make sth sound big，small, loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger，smaller, louder, etc. e。

一、MetaphorPara.3 Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans.torch指responsibility 在本文中指的是责任已经传到我们这一代人了Para.7 But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom-and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought powerby riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.将riding the back of the tiger和seek help and aids from socialist countries 做比较Para.9 To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge--to convert our good words into good deeds--in a new alliance for progress--to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty.将in casting off the chains of poverty 比作get rid of povertyPara.9 But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.And let every other power know that this Hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.Para.10 to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak--and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.Para.19 And if a beach-head of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law, where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved. Para.24 The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it--and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.二、AntithesisPara.6 United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do--for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.Para.8 If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.Para.10 To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support--to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective--to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak--and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.Para.15 Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.Para.25 And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do foryou--ask what you can do for your country.三、AnaphoraLet both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms--and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce.Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah--to "undo the heavy burdens . . . (and) let the oppressed go free."四、Rhetoric questionPara.23 Can w e forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?五、MetonomyPara.22 Now the trumpet summons us again-not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need--not as a call to battle, though embattled we are--but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, "rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation"--a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.。

1. Simile: a figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is explicit comparison recognized by the use of words like, as, seem, as if, as though, such as.e.g. Wit without learning is like a tree without fruit.…and the fattest woman I have ever seen in my life dozing in a straight-backed chair. Itwas as if a sack of grain was supported by a match box.The pen to a writer is what a gun to a fighter.We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consumewealth without producing it.Words and feather are tossed by the wind.When he moves, his little agility suggested a tame panther without the claws.2. Metaphor: a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.e.g. The sunshine of happiness is made up of very little beams.(compare: Happiness is like sunshine: it is made up of very little beams.Money is bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drown in it.Beware of little expenses. A small leak will sink a great ship.I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed.His hostility melted.By this time the volcanic fires of his nature had burnt down.3. parallelism: comes from Greek, it means to be alongside one another. It put the words, phrases, clauses and sentences similar or close in meaning, or structure alongside one another.e.g. with this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, togo to jail together…It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the emotions that she had been prepared for.4. Antithesis: the rhetorical opposing or contrasting of ideas by means of grammatically paralleled arrangement of words, clauses or sentences.e.g. when poverty comes in at the door, love flies out at the window.Men make houses, women make home.We found ourselves rich in goods, but ragged in spirit.As for me: give me liberty or give me death.5. allusion(典故,隐喻,: usually an implicit reference, perhaps to another work of literature or art, to a person or an event.e.g. Y our want your pound of flesh?I never believe until then that any meal could defeat me, but on that day I met mywaterloo.6. Anaphora: the rhetorical device of repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.eg. Let us be dissatisfied until America…Let us dissatisfied until slums…Let us be dissatisfied until integration…7. Chiasmus(交错配列词: a reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phraseseg. A well-educated man should know something of everything and everything of something.An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity; a pessimist sees a calamity in everyopportunity.Love makes time pass, time makes love pass.8. Paradox is a statement that appears to be logically contradictory and yet may be true, the purpose of which is to provoke fresh thought.e.g. More haste, less speed.The Child is father of the Man9. Alliteration: 头韵occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of two or more words in successioneg. A misty morning may have a fine day.He remained loyal to me through thick and thin.He is as proud as a peacock.10. Transferred epithet : 修饰转换\移位修饰the transference of an adjective to a noun to which it is not wholly appropriateeg. There was a short, thoughtful silence.This is the cheapest market in this country.He closed his busy life at the age of sixty.11. Understatement: Understatement is used when a speaker wants to a make a situation seem less strong or important than it is. It is often, but not always, expressed by the negation of the opposite.eg. London is not the cheapest place in the world. (London is expensiveHe's a little on the old side. (Her new husband is oldI wouldn't say it tasted great. (The food is terrible12. Hyperbole: deliberate and obvious exaggeration used for effect.eg. Her wrinkles weigh more than she does! (she is very oldMy history teacher's so old, he lived through everything we've learned about ancientGreeceI think of you a million times a day.13. Metonymy: (转喻the kind of figure of speech in which the name of one thing is used in place of that of another associated with or suggested by it.e.g. He is too fond of the bottle.The crown presided the new year party in the palace.14. Synecdoche: (提喻 in which a term is used in one of the following ways:∙Part of something is used to refer to the whole thing or∙A thing (a "whole" is used to refer to part of it or∙A specific class of thing is used to refer to a larger, more general class, or∙A general class of thing is used to refer to a smaller, more specific class, or∙A material is used to refer to an object composed of that material, or∙A container is used to refer to its contents.Eg. He earns his bread by writing.Australia beat Canada at cricket.He is the Newton of this century.He was hurt and he needed Band-Aid. (for any variety of adhesive bandageShe was dressed in silks.Ps: 最后两种修辞比较容易混淆, synecdoche重点“部分代整体\整体代部分\材料代成品”。

高级英语修辞手法汇总高英修辞Lesson 11. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻)2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻)3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personification(拟人)5. Rcihelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. ---- …the6. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor7. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略)8. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. -----simile9. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就10. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile Lesson 41.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operativeventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis2.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)3.All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进4. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环5.We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism6.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike….—alliteration7.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----parallelism; alliteration8.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句9.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot savethe few who are rich. -----antithesis10. …to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---repetition11. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…----metaphor12. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us -----antithesis13.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.-----metaphor14. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glowfrom that fire can truly light the world. -----extended metaphor15. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak…----metaphor16.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds -----parallelismLesson101.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about thenaughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting”sheik”, and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the “flapper”and the “drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2. Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3.War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitation our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibitedviolent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5.The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhatby the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6.Their energies had been whipped up and their naive destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had “made the world safe for democracy”.—metaphor7.After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and”Puritanical”gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche8. Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9.These defects would disappear if only creative art wereallowed to show the way to better things, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do thingsbetter.”—personification, metonymy ,synecdoche。

高级英语修辞
高级英语修辞是指在语言运用中使用更加复杂、精细和富有表现力的修辞手法，以达到更高的艺术效果和言语魅力。

以下是一些常见的高级英语修辞手法：
1. 比喻：用一个事物来形容另外一个事物，从而表现出它们之间的相似性。

2. 拟人：将非人的事物拟人化，赋予其人类的行为和品质，以表现出更加生动的形象。

3. 排比：采用连结词将一系列相似的词语或短语排列起来，以强调它们之间的关系。

4. 反复句：在句子中重复使用相同的词组或结构，以强调其中的某个关键点，从而达到增强语言表现力的目的。

5. 借代：用一个字来代替另一个字或一组字，以达到一定的修辞目的。

6. 比较修辞：通过比较来突出某一个方面的特点或优越性。

7. 省略：在句子中省略一些词语或语法结构，以增强句子的简洁度和艺术感染力。

这些技巧可以有助于你在英语写作和口语中达到更高的表达能力。

U n i t1M i d d l e E a s t e r n B a z a a r 1. Onomatopoeia拟声法: is the formation of words in imitation or the sounds associated with the thing concerned.e.g. 1 Little monkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells threadtheir way among the throngs of people Para. 12 the squeaking and rumbling Para. 92. Metaphor隐喻: is the use of a word or phrase which describes onee.g. 1 the heat and glare of a big open square Para. 12…until you rounded a corner and see a fairlyland of dancing flashes….3…in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar Para. 73. alliteration头韵: is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters.e.g. 1 …thread their way among the throngs of people Para. 1 2…the sellers; on the other hand; make a point of protesting 4. Hyperbole夸张: is the use of a form of words to make sth sound big; small; loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger; smaller; louder; etc.e.g.or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and…Para. 7quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil Para. 95．Antithesis对偶: is the setting; often in parallel structure; of contrasting words or phrases opposite each other for emphasis.e.g. 1 …a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a hugeleather bellows…Para. 52 …which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camelsand their stone wheels. Para. 96. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objectsare endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form.e.g. …as the burnished copper catches the light of …Para.57. Assonance尾韵e.g. 1… the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding wheels….Unit 21.Metaphor: 暗喻A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another; thus making an implicit comparison.暗喻是一种修辞;通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物;从而暗示二者之间的相似之处..1. And secondly; because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sadthoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything in Nippon railways official might say.2. …I was again crushed by the thought…Page 13; Para. 4; Line 13. …At last the intermezzo came to an end and…Page 13; Para. 4; Line 14. ...when the meaning of these last words sank in;jolting me (15)P. 7; Lines 1~32. alliteration头韵: is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters.e.g. 1the fast train in the world slipped to a stop….2I feel sick;; and ever since then they have been testing and treating me….3. rhetorical question 反诘句e.g. 1 Was I not at the scene of the crime4. Synecdoche: 提喻A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole a hand for sailor ; the whole for a part as the law for police officer ; the specific for the general as cutthroat for assassin ; the general for the specific as thief for pickpocket ; or the material for the thing from which it is made as steel for sword .举隅法;提喻法：一种修辞方法;以局部代表整体如用手代表水手 ;以整体代表局部如用法律代表警官 ;以特殊代表一般如用直柄剃刀代表杀人者 ;以一般代表特殊如用贼代表扒手 ;或用原材料代表用该材料制造的东西如用钢代表剑e.g.1 The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. Para. 7l ittle old Japan: traditional Japanese houses2 There were fresh bows; and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated .synecdoche5. Metonymy: 换喻A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated; as in the use of “Washington” for “the United States government” or of“the sword” for “military power”.换喻;转喻：一种一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法;如用“华盛顿”代替“美政府”或用“剑”代替“军事力量”The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. Para. 7the kimono and the miniskirt: the Japanese culture and the western culture6. Irony：反语The use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning to achieve the humorous and ironic effect.反语：正话反说或反话正说以达到幽默和讽刺的效果..e.g. 1This way I look at them and congratulate myself on the good fortune that my illness has brought me. P. 177. Sarcasm讽刺Sarcasm is an expression or cutting remark clearly meaning the opposite to what is felt.e.g. 1Hiroshima—the “liveliest” City in Japan2If you want to write this city; do not forget to say that this city is the gayest city in Japan; even if…8. Euphemism 委婉语Speak with good words 把话说得好听些;婉转些;使听者感到愉快..e.g. 1Each day that I escape death; each day of suffering that helpsto free me from earthly cares….指尘世的生活现在的痛苦9. Climax: 层进法/渐升A series of statements or ideas in an ascending order of rhetorical force or intensity.层进法：在不断增强的修辞力度或强度中使用的一系列陈述和方法e.g. 1No one talks about it any more; and no one wants to; especially the people who were born here or who lived through it. page 15~16;Para. 12; Lines 1~3从没人提它了;到不想提它了;再进为更不想提它了10. Anti-climax: 渐降Anti-climax; as used in the text; states one’s thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity from strong to weak; from weighty to light. It has achieved a humorous or surprised or even a sarcastic effect when the mayor was introducing his city to the visitors; who were expecting his answer to have something to do with the atom bomb; but who ironically heard “oysters” in the end.渐降表述概念的方式是使意义强烈的语言按照步步降低的语气顺序排列;语势由强而弱;语气由重到轻;有此达到取笑、讽刺或是喜剧的效果..e.g. 1 seldom has a city gained such world renown提到广岛的名气;首先想到的是原子弹and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima; a town known throughout the world forits—oysters.”p.1511. Simile 明喻is an expression making a comparison in the imagination between two things using the words as or likee.g. Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them…Unit 3 Ships in the Desert1．Personification拟人e.g. 1 Where there should have been gentle blue-green waves lapping against the side of the ship; there was nothing but hot dry sand. Para. 12 With the sun glaring at midnight through a hole in the sky. 2．Hyperbolee.g. the population explosion Para. 53．Metaphor1)another ghostly image Para. 62)What should we feel toward these ghosts in the sky Para. 83)A sudden and starting surge in human population.4．Metonymy转喻1)the relationship between the two superpowers Para. 232)…in a small tent pitched on a 12-foot slab厚板 of ice floatingin the frigid Arctic Ocean….5. Analogy 类比1…witness humankind’s assault on the earth…2 The strategic nature of the threat now posed by human civilization to the global environment and the strategic nature of the threat to human civilization ….Para26Unit 5 Speech on Hitler’1. Rhetorical question interrogationInterrogation asks a question not in order to obtain an answer; butfor the purpose of making an assertion in a striking and lively way.E.g. …but can you doubt what our policy will be3. parallel structure1)We will never parleyWe will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gangp.802)we shall fight him by landwe shall fight him by seawe shall fight him in the air. p.803)behind all this glarebehind all this storm I see…p.804)I see the Russian soldiers standing…I see them guarding…I see the ten thousand villages…I see advancing upon…p.795 The past; with its crimes; its follies; and its tragedies; flashes away.6 Pray…for the safety of their loved ones; the return of the bread-winner; of their champion; of their protector.4. InversionA change in normal word order; such as the placement of a verb before its subjecta From this nothing will turn us—nothing P. 805. RepetitionThe repeated use of the same synonymous words; to add force; clearness or balance to a sentenceWe have but one aim and one single; irrevocable purpose. p.78He has so long thrived and prospered. p.81We will never parley; we will never negotiate…p.806. simileA figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared; often in a phrase introduced by like or as; as in “How like the winter hath my absence been” or “So are you to my thoughts as food to life” Shakespeare.明喻：一种修辞手法;把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较;通常在由like 或 as 引导的短1 the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawlinglocusts.p79-802 The Russian danger is therefore our danger; and the danger ofthe USA;just as the cause of any Russian fighting for…..7. metaphorA figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another; thus making an implicit comparison.暗喻是一种修辞;通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物;从而暗示二者之间的相似之处..a I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land…threshold refers to the threshold of their nation. p.79b Behind all this glare; behind all this storm; I see that small group of … p.80Glare: a fierce or angry stare; Here it refers to war fire. Storm: strong wind and rain; Here it refers to war or Hitler’s assault on the other countries.c …delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a saferprey the Russian soldiers. p.80d I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes. Page 77; Para. 1;the last sentencee We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Naziregime. Page80; Para. 3; Lines 6~8f we have rid the earth of his shadow influence and liberated itspeoples from his yokecontrol. p.808. alliterationThe repetition of the same consonant sounds or of different vowel sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables; as in 头韵：在一组词的开头或重读音节中对相同辅音或不同元音的重复..如：1 Hearth and home p.822 I also see the dull; drilled; docil e; brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.p.793Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. p.829. PersonificationA figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human formI see the German bombers and fighters in the sky; still smarting from many a British whipping; delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey. p.79-8010. hyperboleA figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effec t; as in I could sleep for a year or This book weighs a ton. 夸张法：一种比喻;使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果;比如在我能睡一年或这书有一吨重中1 If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons. Hitler is much eviler than the devil. p.7811. Onomatopoeia拟声1…with its clanking; heel clicking; dandified….12. Antithesis 对偶1Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe.13. Collusion典故1 I asked whether for him; the arch anti—communist; this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon14.Syllogism三段论推理Unit 9 Mark Twain—Mirror of America1. Simile: Please refer to Lesson2.e.g. 1 Indeed; this nation’s best-loved author was every bit asadventurous; patriotic; romantic; and humorous as anyonehas ever imagined. Para. 12 Tom’s mischievous daring; ingenuity; and the sweetinnocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almostas sure to be studied in American schools today as is theDeclaration of Independence. Para. 153Most American remember M. T. as the father of.... 4 ..a memory that seemed phonographic2. Metaphore.g. 1 …who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night. Para. 12 …main artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart.Para. 3.the epidemic of gold and silver fever...4. Mark Twain --- Mirror of AmericaTwain began digging his way to regional fame...Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscle s...3. Sarcasm: it is a figure of speech which attacks in a tauntingand bitter manner; and its aim is to disparage; ridiculeand wound the feelings of the subject attacked. It is mostoften restricted to the making of brief; unpleasant remarksthat are motivated by hostility and contempt.e.g. 1…I knew more about retreating than the man that inventedretreating. Para. 62 …one could set a trap anywhere and catch a dozen abler manin a night. Para. 134. Alliteration头韵.e.g. It was a splendid population –for all the slow; sleepy;sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home.It was that population…and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost orconsequences”5. Antithesis对偶e.g. 1…of the difference between what people claim to be and whatthey really are. Para. 52…a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever.3 It was a splengded population—for all the slow; sleepy;sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home…...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land...6. euphemisme.g. 1 He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band ofConfiderate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact withthe enemy.2 he commented with a crushing sense of despair on man’s finalrelease from earthly struggles3 they vanish from a world where they were of no consequence..7. metonymy转喻e.g. …but for making money; his pen would prove mightier than hispickax.8.personification.The grave world smiles as usually and says….9.Transferred epithet 转移修饰语e.g. He had to leave the city for a while because of some scathingcolumns he wrote.10. Hyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of free dom...Parallelism:Most Americans remember ... the father of Huck Finn's idyllic c ruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer o f freedom and adventure.SynecdocheKeelboats;...carried the first major commerceUnit 10 The Trial that Rocked the World1. Metaphor:No one;... that may case would snowball into...The oratorical storm that…....our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere.The street ...sprouted with ...He thundered in his sonorous organ tones....champion had not scorched the infidels...…after the preliminary sparring over legalities…2. Simile:...swept the arena like a prairie fire...a palm fan like a sword...3. Metonymy...tomorrow the magazines; the books; the newspapers...The Christian believes that man came from above. ...below. 4. Hyperbole:The trial that rocked the worldHis reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world.overstatement5. Ridicule丑化Bryan; ageing and paunchy; was assisted ...….and it is a mighty strong combinationBryan mopped his bald dome in silence.Resolutely he strode to the stand; carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.6. Sarcasm讽刺:There is some doubt about that.And it is a mighty strong combination.In one hand he brandished a biology text text as he denounced the scientists who had come to Dayton to testify for the defence.7. Transferred epithetDarrow had whisper throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder. Darrow walked slowly round the baking court.8. AntithesisThe Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.9. Assonance:when bigots lighted faggots to burn...10. Repetition:The truth always wins...the truth...the truth...11. synecdoche提喻1 the case had erupted round my head12. oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a ; “victorious defeat”p of a rope; the hiss of sudden spray.13 .Irony：反语The use of words to express something different from and often opposite to their literal meaning to achieve the humorous and ironic effect.反语：正话反说或反话正说以达到幽默和讽刺的效果..e.g. Until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the 16thcentury.14. Pun 双关Darwin Is Right—inside15.synaesthesia 通感“Mama”Wangero said sweet as a bird…..。

高英2修辞超详细整理Lesson 1simileThe children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.Blowdown power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.metaphorWe can batten down and ride it outWind and rain now whipped the house.Strips of clothing festooned the standing treesCamille, meanwhile, had raked its way.Household and medical supplies streamed in by plane.personification1.A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.2.… it seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it3.5 miles away.transferred epithet 移就1.Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point.Lesson 3simile1.They are like the musketeers of Dumas…2.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and floated to the ends of the earth.metaphor1.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.2.The conversation was on wings.3.we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant.4.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries.5.The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.6.When E.M.Forster writes of “the sin ister corridor of our age,”we sit up at thevividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.7.Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration8.…no one has any id ea where it will go a s it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.9.…did not delve into each other..10.…suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,…11.Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there.12.We would never have gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest.Lesson 4metaphor1.in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.2.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.3.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intend to remain the master of its own house.4...to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak.5.And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion6.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.synecdoche – whole for part or part for whole[si'nekd?ki] 提喻1.yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.alliteration1.ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice…2.One form of colonial control shall not have passed away.3.We shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom.4.We pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.5.We shall pay any price, bear any burden6.To assure the survival and the success of liberty7.Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike.antithesis – contrary in meaning but similar in form 对偶1.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who arerich2.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead ofbelaboring those problemswhich divide us.3.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.4.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask whatyou can do for your country.5.United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there is little we can do,for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. parallelism – ideas are paired and sequenced in the same grammatical form1.Both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed bythe steady spread of the deadly atom2.Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap theocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce.3.We renew our pledge of support to prevent it from becoming merely a forum forinvective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area inwhich its writ may run.4.We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, andoppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.5.A new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplinedby a hard and bitter peace.6.Symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifyingrenewal as well as change(parallelism and repetition) repetition –repetition of sounds, words, or sentences that can create good rhythm and parallelism to make the language musical, emphatic, and memorable. 反复1.We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficientbeyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.2.Bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of allnations.3.Symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change(parallelism and repetition)4...convert good words into good deeds...to assist free men and free government…5.Abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life6. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which..., the belief that ...7.... These human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today ...allusionAll this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion,climax Lesson 5simile1.My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scal pel.2....the raccoon coat huddled like a hairy beast at his feet.3....dumb as an ox.4.He looked at the coat with the expression of a waif at abakery window.5.It was like digging a tunnel.6...bellowing like a bull.metaphor1.Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.2.There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier.3.logic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole4.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers still smoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor,extended metaphor5.He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start.6.My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. Mixed metaphor7. The next fallacy is called Poisoning the Well.8. The first man has poisoned the well before anybody could drink from it.metonymy –change of name –the association of two unlike things [mi't?nimi] 转喻，借代1.I was not one to let my heart rule my head.2.Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter.3.After all, surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation.4.You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame...synecdoche – whole for part or part for whole[si'nekd?ki] 提喻There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.(synecdoche) exaggeration/ hyperbole [hai'p?:b?li] 夸张1..... logic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole2. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect (hyperbole)3.He just stood and stared at with a mad lust at the coat. (hyperbole)4.You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. (hyperbole)5..My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales,as penetrating as a scalpel (simile, hyperbole, and parallelism, irony)6. I will wander the face of the earth, a shambling, hollow-eyed hulk.antithesis – contrary in meaning but similar in form 对偶1.Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.2..It is, after all, to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful.3. If there is an irresistible force, there can be no argument. If there is an immovable object, there can be no irresistible force.4. Look at me --- a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual,a man with an assured future. Look at Petey--- a knothead, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Litotes / understatementThis loomed as a project of no small dimensions.Transferred epithetI said with a mysterious wink.Lesson 7metaphor1.Here was the very heart of industrial America,the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity,the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous,so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor,hyperbole,antithetical contrast.2.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule ,irony,metaphor3.And one and all they are streaked in grime,with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.4. It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.5.Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.antithesis – contrary in meaning but similar in form 对偶1.Here was wealth beyond computation,almost beyond imagination—and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole,antithetical contrast2.Here was the very heart of industrial America,the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity,the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous,so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor,hyperbole,antithetical contrast exaggeration/ hyperbole [hai'p?:b?li] 夸张1.Here was the very heart of industrial America,the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity,the boast and prideof the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous,so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor,hyperbole,antithetical contrast2.Here was wealth beyond computation,almost beyond imagination—and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole,antithetical contrast3.It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius,uncompromisingly inimical to man,had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole ,irony Antonomasia1.Safe in a Pullman,Ihave whirled through the gloomy,God-forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas,and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasiaIrony1.Cool was I and logical (Inversion/irony)2.My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel (simile, hyperbole, and parallelism, irony)3.It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius,uncompromisingly inimical to man,had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole ,irony4.They like it as it is:beside it,the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony5.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule ,irony,metaphor6.I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony7.Obviously,if ther were architects of any professional senseor dignity in the region,they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a highpitched roof,to throw off the heavy winter snows,but still essentially a low and clinging building,wider than it was tall.—sarcasmLitotes/ understatementThe country itself is not uncomely,despite the grime of the endless mills.Lesson 10Metaphor1.we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.2.it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.3.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure.4.Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation...now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.5... to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of “flaming youth”,6.....called the party to a halt and forced the revellers to sober up7....had received a good taste of twentieth-century warfare.8.they had outgrown town and families9. An important book was the rallying point of sensitive personsmetonymy –change of name –the association of two unlike things [mi't?nimi] 转喻，借代1.it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,2. since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,3. Greenwich Village set the pattern.4.it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames.(metonymy;metaphor)5.before long the movement had become officially recognised by the pulpitpersonification1.These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything ...transferred epithet 移就1The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:memoriesLesson 12simile1.It is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky8.Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists,they have killed enough of them off by now to know that they are as real—and as persistent—as rain,snow,taxes or businessmen.metaphor1... and it is not easy for him to step out of that lukewarm bath2.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing hismuscles and proving that he is just a “regular guy” that he realizes how crippling this habit has been24.when it did,I like many a writer before me upon the discovery that his props have all been knocked out from under him,suffered a species of breakdown ad was carried off to the mountains of Switzerland.25.There,in that absolutely alabaster landscape armed with two Bessie Smith records and a typewriter I began to try to recreate the life that I had first known as a child and from whichI had spent so many years in flight.26.Once I was able to accept my role—as distinguished,I must say,from my”place”—in the extraordinary drama which is America,I was released from the illusion that I hated America.27.It is not meant,of course,to imply that it happens to them all,for Europe can be very crippling too;and,anyway,a writer,when he has made his first breakthrough,has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous,unending and unpredictable battle.—metaphor 28.In this endeavor to wed the vision of the Old World with that of the New,it is the writer,not the statesman,who is our strongest arm.—metaphor…a writer, when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous, unending and unpredictable battle.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is just a “regular guy” that he realizes how crippling this habit has beenAn American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder by means of pure ….. and it is not easy for him to step out of that lukewarm bath He needs sustenance for his journey每个社会其实都是由一些潜在的规律，由一些人们没有说出来但却深深感觉到并看作是理所当然的事物所支配的，我们的社会也不例外。

高英第六册修辞整理Lesson one1 This is, in some ways an admirable solution. Irony2 owever Malthus was himself not without a certain felling of reasonability. Double negative4 The elimination of the poor is nature’s way of improving the race. Irony5 It has again become a major philosophical, literary, and rhetorical preoccupation, and an economically not unrewarding enterprise. Double negative irony6 It is then argued that the government is inherently incompetent, except as regards weapons design and procurement and the overall management of the Pentagon irony7 The allegation of government incompetence is associated in our time with the general condemnation of the bureaucrat–again excluding those associated with national defense. The only form of discrimination that is still permissible–that is, still officially encouraged irony8 When these aberrations have occurred they have, oddly enough, all been in the Pentagon. Irony.9 All this would seem a considerable achievement for incompetent and otherwise ineffective people. Alliteration10 The second design in this great centuries-old tradition is to arguethat any form of public help to the poor only hurts the poor. Irony 11 this is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction. Irony metaphor12 Can we really believe that any considerable number of the poor prefer welfare to a good job? Or that business people–corporate executives, rhetorical question13 Again, expenditure on national defense is excepted. Irony14 This is possibly the mos t transparent of all of the designs;Irony15Freedom we rightly cherish. Cherishing it, we should not use it as a cover for denying freedom to those in need. Inversion16. Whether they be in Ethiopia, the South Bronx, or even in such an Elysium as Los Angeles, irony17 All, save perhaps the last, are in great inventive descent from Bentham, irony18 and his colleagues are clearly in a notable tradition irony19 So are the philosophers now celebrated in Washington: George Gilder, a greatly favored figure of the recent past, irony20 he is enjoying, as indicated, unparalleled popularity i n high Washington circles. IronyLesson 21 But these mark of wild country called to my father like the legendary siren song simile allusion2 the memories of this trip have colored my life. Flashback3 in this deep and room box were packed our camping equipment and food supplies inversion4 one big kettle stood up on three long legs to sit over a firepersonification5 its underwater grasses looked like green ribbons constantly unrolling simile6 as an added treat papa sometimes would cut the heart out of a cabbage palmetto simile7 the burly arms of the oaks were huge with and ……….the woods were tossing with jewels simile8 not without trepidation, papa made arrangements……. double negative9 17 段最后一句was not dissimilar to the ……… double negative10 there was the little shack, not the most gracious of livingquarters …………understat ement11 there was also, and most important, a cook stove ……periodic sentence12 20 段倒数第二句that quacked us awakeat …..onomatopoeia13 the big house in the trees looked safe and sturdy…..alliteration14 suddenly, sometime that summer, a day came when all work ceased…………periodic sentenceLesson 31. The human attack on the ecosphere has instigated an ecological counterattack. Metaphor2...the accident at Chernobyl amounts to a serious but local fire that destroyed the plant. Anti-climax3. But unlike the conventional marketplace, which deals in goods-things that serve a useful purpose –this scheme creates a marketplace in “bads”pun4.The purpose is less a lament over the war’s numerous casualties than an inquiry into ……metaphorLesson 41. Each of the trees on the place had an attitude and a presence---the elm looked serene and the oak threatening, the maples friendly, the hawthorn old and crabby. Personification2. They might have followed the boys out from town…..subjunctive mood3. How all my own territory would be altered, as if a landside ….metaphor, simile4. A common name, A stupid flat-faced child with dirty blond hair. Elliptical sentences5….leaving husband and house and all the things acquired…. alliteration6….a long nec essary voyage from the house of marriage metaphor7. ….was it delicacy or disapproval? alliteration8. All that afternoon that the men were gone I was full of happy energy transferred epithet9. I stood …., when we were soaked and safe and ….. alliterationLesson five1. Had that been so, the Indians, for whom the radio was even more favorable,……over the seas. Subjunctive mood2. termed the “hedgehogs”, who know one big thing, as against the “foxes”, who know many small things. metaphor3. Yet most of the time Americans have foxily mistrusted…4. Ideology thus presupposes…to the custody of an infallible priesthood. satire5.第16段多处against, a universe parallelism6. …against the notion that all answers ….. in the back of some sacredbook sarcasm(讽刺，挖苦)7. But ideology is a drug. metaphor8. But the only certainty in an absolute system is the certainty of absolute abuse. RepetitionLesson 71. We observe today not a victory of the party but a celebration of freedom—symbolizing an end as well as a beginning---signifying renewal as well as change. Repetition, balanced structure2. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. Contrast3. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe---the belief come not from the …but from the hand of God. Biblical language4. Let the world go forth from this time and place, to friends and foe alike. Alliteration5….that torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans…metaphor6….oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty alliteration7. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do---for we dare not meet a powerfulchallenge… antithesis8. 6,7,8段以―to those‖开头repetition9….those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. Metaphor10.If a free society can not help the many who are poor, it can not save the few who are rich. Antithesis11.But this peaceful revolution cannot become the prey of hostile powers. Metaphor12. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its house. Metaphor13….our last best hope have in an age where the instrument of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace. Antithesis14. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed. Emphatic structure, repetition15….yet both racing to alter that uncertain ……stays the hand of m ankind’s final war. Synecdoche16. Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate. Chiasmus17. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Antithesis18’ to ―undo the heavy burdens…and let the oppressed go free‖biblical quotation19. And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungles of suspicion…metaphor20.In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest…..invertion21. …..not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need---not as a call to battle, though embattled we are repetition22. Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance alliteration23. –and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. Metaphor24. Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country. Antithesis, repetitionLesson 91.They say ―Aiken‖ and you see a white butterfly glance off a fence with a torn wing. Metaphor2.These sugar-brown Mobile girls move through the streets without a stir. They are as sweet and plain as buttercake. Metaphor3.The dreadful funkiness of passion, the funkiness of nature, the funkiness of the wide range of human emotions. Irony, repetition4.They worry, worry, worry about the edges of their hair. Repetition5.What they do not know is that this plain brown girl will build her nest stick by stick, make it her own inviolable world, and stand guard over itsevery plant… metaphor6.Eyes that questioned nothing and asked everything. Antithesis7.Pecola backed out of the room, staring at the pretty milk-brown lady in the pretty gold-and-green house who was talking to her through the cat’s fur. Irony疑问：老师，下面几个我们不确定是否正确，老师帮忙看一下吧。

高级英语修辞手法总结归纳修辞是语言使用中的重要技巧，通过巧妙运用各种修辞手法，能使语言表达更为生动、有力或富有韵味。

以下是对常见的高级英语修辞手法的总结归纳：一、隐喻与明喻隐喻是将一个词或短语用来暗示另一个事物，而明喻则是直接将一个事物与另一个事物进行比较。

例如，“他像一只狮子一样勇猛”（明喻）和“爱情是一座城堡”（隐喻）。

二、拟人及拟物拟人是赋予非生物或抽象事物以人的特性，而拟物则是赋予人或动物以非生物的特性。

例如，“河流唱着轻快的歌曲”（拟人）和“他的怒火如野兽般狂暴”（拟物）。

三、排比与对偶排比是将三个或以上结构相似、意义相近的词、短语或句子并列使用，以增强语势。

对偶则是将意义相对或相反的词、短语或句子进行对比，以突出主题。

例如，“生命在于运动，死亡在于静止”（对偶）和“他跨越了山岭，穿越了沙漠，走过了平原”（排比）。

四、反复与交错反复是将相同的词、短语或句子重复使用，以强调某种情感或主题。

交错则是将不同的词、短语或句子相互交替使用，以达到特定的表达效果。

例如，“永远、永远、永远不要放弃”（反复）和“是与否，对与错”（交错）。

五、借代与提喻借代是用一个事物的某一部分来代替整体或其他部分，而提喻则是用整体来代替某一部分或用类属来代替个体。

例如，“我要用笔墨写下永恒”（借代）和“人是一本书”（提喻）。

六、反讽与戏谑反讽是通过说反话或正话反说来达到讽刺的效果，戏谑则是用幽默诙谐的语言来戏弄或嘲笑某人或某事。

例如，“他是一个天生的傻瓜”（反讽）和“爱情是人生的蜜糖”（戏谑）。

七、矛盾修辞法矛盾修辞法是将相互矛盾的概念或形象结合在一起，以引起读者的思考或表达复杂的情感。

例如，“孤独的狂欢”，“死亡的生命”。

八、头韵与脚韵头韵是使用相同或相似的音韵开头，脚韵是使用相同或相似的音韵结尾。

例如，“美丽的美女”（头韵）和“生活是一首歌”（脚韵）。

九、夸张与弱化夸张是通过夸大事实或形象来强调某种情感或主题，弱化则是通过缩小事实或形象来淡化某种情感或主题。