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Chapter 1 Daily EnglishLesson 1I. Answering the questions.1. What’s your date of birth?________.（May 1st 1985.）2. What’s your seaman book number?The number is R1235.3. Where are you from ?I’m from Guangdong China.4. What’s your captain’s nationa lity?He is Chinese.5.What do you think is the most important thing on board?I think safety is the most important thing on board.6. Which ports do you often call at?I often call at Dalian , Singapore, Hong Kong and so on.7. What’s your marital status?I’m single.8. How long will it take to get Entry Visa to Australia?It will take about one week.9. How do you wish to fly? Economy or first class?I wish to take Economy class.10. Do I have more than the duty-free allowance?Yes, I do.II. Topics.1. Please say something about yourself.a) Your name, age, rank, working experiences, hobbies.b) Your daily work..c) Your spare time activities.My name is____________. I am_________ years old. I am from_________ province.I am a student majoring in navigation in Guangzhou Maritime College.I will graduate in the year _______.I go to class to learn some navigational subjects from Monday to Friday.In the evening, I usually review my lessons.Sometimes, I go to downtown to buy something.During my spare time, I usually read novels or do some sports.I like playing basketball and football very much.Life at school is interesting to me.I will work hard to master the basic navigational knowledge and skills.I am confident that I will become a qualified seafarer in the future.2. Say something about your family.a) Members of your family.b) Their occupations.c) Their hobbies and characteristics.There are _____ people in my family.My grandpa, grandma, father, mother, brother, sister and me.My father is a worker( farmer, teacher, doctor, company staff, government staff, seafarer)My mother is a ___________.(housewife)They work very hard to support my education at school.I am very thankful to them.My father likes reading newspaper very much.(watching TV, playing cards)My mother likes shopping very much.My father and mother are very kindMy father is a man of few words and he talks little.My mother is talkative and she talks a lot.I love my family very much.3. Please say something about your hometown.a) The geographical position, population, and features of your hometown.b) The environment and customs of your hometown.c) The specialties of your hometown.My hometown is located in the southeast part of China.It is a seashore city.There are 3 million people in my hometown.My hometown is developing very fast.The environment in my hometown is very good.People keep their traditional customs.Fishery industry is important to my hometown.It is a major fishery products providing place in China.Nowadays, my hometown has rapid development in tourism.Thousands of tourists from different parts of China and other countries visit my hometown. And people’s living standard has been improved greatly.I am very proud of my hometown.4. Please say something about your responsibilities on boarda) Your position on board..b) Your daily work on board..c) Your duties on board .My position on board is A.B. I am under the Bosun’s Leader, when keep watching, l am under the command of the duty officer.1)before leaving a port, I must test the steering gear, check navigational lights andsignal lights.2)Hoist and low down the Flag, turn on and turn off all kinds of light.3)When sailing at sea, maneuver the steer according to the orders from captain, dutyofficer or pilot.4)Properly change the pilot according to the orders from the duty officer.5)Responsible for the sanitary work in and out of the bridge.6)Rig and take in the pilot ladder and gangway on time.7)When berthing, engage in mooring and unmooring operation.8)Do the Repair and maintenance under the arrangement of the bosun.一级水手在水手长直接领导下，值班时听从值班驾驶员指挥。
机工英语考试题库及答案一、单选题（每题2分，共40分）1. The machine is designed to operate at a speed of ________.A. 1000 rpmB. 1500 rpmC. 2000 rpmD. 2500 rpm答案：B2. The ________ of the engine is crucial for its performance.A. efficiencyB. capacityC. powerD. torque答案：A3. The ________ system is responsible for cooling the engine.A. lubricationB. exhaustC. coolingD. fuel答案：C4. The ________ is used to measure the temperature of the machine.A. thermometerB. ammeterC. voltmeterD. tachometer答案：A5. The ________ is a key component in the transmission system.A. clutchB. brakeC. gearD. belt答案：C6. The ________ is used to control the speed of the machine.A. governorB. regulatorC. controllerD. actuator答案：A7. The ________ is responsible for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.A. generatorB. motorC. alternatorD. transformer答案：A8. The ________ is used to reduce the speed of the machine.A. pulleyB. leverC. gearD. belt答案：C9. The ________ is used to measure the pressure of the machine.A. manometerB. barometerC. voltmeterD. ammeter答案：A10. The ________ is a type of bearing that allows for rotation.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：A11. The ________ is used to control the flow of fuel into the engine.A. carburetorB. injectorC. pumpD. filter答案：B12. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids.A. gate valveB. check valveC. globe valveD. butterfly valve答案：A13. The ________ is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：B14. The ________ is a type of joint that allows for limited movement.A. riveted jointB. welded jointC. bolted jointD. pinned joint答案：C15. The ________ is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：C16. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a sliding surface.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：C17. The ________ is used to measure the electrical power in a circuit.A. voltmeterB. ammeterC. ohmmeterD. wattmeter答案：D18. The ________ is a type of bearing that supports a rotating shaft.A. ball bearingB. roller bearingC. plain bearingD. thrust bearing答案：A19. The ________ is used to control the temperature of the machine.A. thermostatB. regulatorC. controllerD. actuator答案：A20. The ________ is a type of valve that prevents backflow of fluids.A. gate valveB. check valveC. globe valveD. butterfly valve答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）21. The ________ is a type of bearing that supports a rotating shaft and reduces friction.答案：ball bearing22. The ________ is used to convert the linear motion of a piston into the rotational motion of a crankshaft.答案：crankshaft23. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by rotating a disc.答案：butterfly valve24. The ________ is used to measure the electrical voltage in a circuit.答案：voltmeter25. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a rolling element.答案：roller bearing26. The ________ is used to convert the rotational motion of a crankshaft into linear motion.答案：piston27. The ________ is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by sliding a gate.答案：gate valve28. The ________ is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit.答案：ammeter29. The ________ is a type of bearing that operates on a sliding surface and reduces friction.答案：plain bearing30. The ________ is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit.答案：ohmmeter三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）31. The governor is used to control the speed of the machine. (对/错)答案：对32. The clutch is a key component in the transmission system. (对/错)答案：对33. The pulley is used to increase the speed of the machine. (对/错)答案：错34. The ammeter is used to measure the electrical current in a circuit. (对/错)答案：对35. The generator is responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. (对/错)36. The carburetor is used to control the flow of fuel into the engine. (对/错)答案：对37. The thrust bearing is used to support a rotating shaft. (对/错)答案：错38. The voltmeter is used to measure the electrical voltage in a circuit. (对/错)答案：对39. The gate valve is a type of valve that controls the flow of fluids by rotating a disc. (对/错)答案：错40. The ohmmeter is used to measure the electrical resistance in a circuit. (对/错)四、简答题（每题10分，共20分）41. Explain the function of a thermostat in a machine.答案：A thermostat is a temperature control device that regulates the temperature of a machine by controlling the flow of coolant. It maintains the engine at an optimal operating temperature by opening or closing the cooling system's flow path as needed.42. Describe the purpose of a regulator in an electrical circuit.答案：A regulator in an electrical circuit is a device that maintains a constant voltage level by adjusting the output voltage to compensate for changes in load or input voltage. It ensures that the voltage supplied to the circuit remains stable and within the desired range, preventing damage to sensitive electronic components.。
值班机工英语听力与会话Lesson 1 Daily English:1.What is your name?My name is _______.2.How old are you?I am XXX.3.What is your marital status?I am XXX.4.How many people are there in your family? There are four people in my family.5.How long have you worked on board?I have worked on board for two years.6.How many countries have you ever been to?I have been to two countries.7.Do you like your job?Yes。
I like my job.8.What is your favorite color?XXX blue.9.Which season do you like best?I like spring the best.10.What kind of music do you like?I like pop music.Lesson 2 XXX:1.How many departments are there on board? There are two XXX.2.What is the difference een port and starboard?Port is the left side of the ship and starboard is the right side.3.What is the meaning of bow?Bow is the front part of the ship.4.What is the meaning of stern?XXX is the back part of the ship.5.What is the meaning of deck?Deck is the floor of the ship.The n of clarifier is to remove solid impurities from oil。
机工、机工长英文面试问题和参考答案轮机部的普通船员要熟悉常用机工命令、简单的对话，以及常见机械故障的原因和排除及报告程序、常用和常见的设备和机器的名称。
1.What are the responsibilities (duties) as Oiler No.1?机工长的职责是什么？The Oiler No.1 shall follow the orders of the Chief Engineer or the 1st Engineer, instruct and supervise the personnel under his control and engage in the ship service under the management of the Engine Department. Unless otherwise specified, the Oiler No.1 shall engage in the duties listed below:(1) Shall give order to the personnel under his control, be well aware of the conduct and skills of such personnel, arrange the job allocation, offer opinions to the Chief Engineer and thus try to improve the safety and efficiency of work;(2) Shall inspect the tools and staging well before beginning of the work, pay attention to the surrounding area during work and try to prevent danger and accidents;(3) Shall inspect the areas under the management of Engine Department and assist to maintain the main engines, auxiliary engines and machiney.(4) The handling of ship’s consumable stores.(5) Shall arrange complete circulation of orders, notificationsand various rules to the personnel under his control;(6) Other duties designated by chief engineer or other engineer.机工长应在轮机长或大管轮的领导下，安排和管理普通机工的工作，并做应该由本人承担的工作。
第一章公共用语1.How many countries have you ever been to?I've been to many countries, such as Singapore, Japan, Australia and so on.2. How long have you worked on board?For 5 years.2. Which certificate do you have now?A fourth engineer’s certificate now.3. What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?I'm single./ I am married.There are three departments: engine department, deck department and service department.4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are three people in my family. No, I'm still single. / Yes, I am married.5,How many countries have you been to?I have been to four countries.6. Which classification society is your ship registered with?CCS.7.Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.18%.8. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?In 2003. Container ship.9. Can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer?Safety.10.What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and high speed four stroke engine for A.C generator.11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipment?No, I haven’t. / Yes, I have worked on a bulk carrier that the main engine had damaged.12. How do you make your maintenance schedules?It’s based on ship’s “Planned Maintenance System” (PMS) and the machinery running hours records. 13. Could you list international conventions concerning maritime shipping?STCW, SOLAS, MARPOL and so on.14. Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?To provide international standards of training, certification, and watch-keeping for seafarers.15. What is the purpose of classification society? Could you list some of them?To evaluate the condition of the ship, the management system of marine company and the ships.Lloyd’s, ABS, CCS.16. Could your list different kinds of ship’s surveys?Yes. Annual survey, special survey, damage survey, docking surveys and so on.17. What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?Unattended Machinery Space. Yes, I have served UMS.18. Have you ever experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your last inspection?Yes, I have. It was in Hamburg last month.19.What should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder?Every operation must be complied with the precaution measures regulated in the SMS. 20.Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank, what action will you take? To vent the space and check the oxygen content.21.Which certificate do you have now?I have the second engineer’s certificate.第二章机舱日常业务1. Please introduce one type of the main engine.The main engine is large bore two-stroke crosshead type with turbo- charging system. 2. Why is the two-stroke engine widely used as the main engine on board ship? Because of its long life, low cost and reliability.3.Please introduce three moving parts of marine main engine.Piston, crankshaft, connecting rod.4.Please introduce four fixing parts of marine main engine.Bedplate, cylinder block, scavenging air box and frame.5. What is the foundation of diesel engine?Bedplate.6. What are the function and feature of the tie rods?The function is to hold the bedplate, frames and cylinder block together.The feature is long and good tensioning strength.7. What is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod?Crosshead.8. What is hot work?Gas welding and electric welding.9. Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled main engine.It can change the injection timing and injection pressure according to the load.10.Please introduce dual fuel technology (双燃料技术) of main engine.This kind of main engine can burn both natural gas and fuel oil.11.How to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine?By controlling the oil temperature.12. Please introduce two sub-systems（子系统）of fuel oil system.Fuel supply and fuel injection system.13.Please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator.To control the viscosity of fuel oil.14.How does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work?By regulating the fuel oil's temperature.15.Please tell at least three composition of fuel oil.Sulphur, carbon, ash content.16.Please name at least three of main factors to select a fuel oil.Viscosity, gravity and flash point.17.When do you clean the fuel oil filters?When the pressure drop is excessive.18. How do you change diesel oil into fuel oil?Fuel oil heated to proper temperature and open the fuel oil valve.19. How do you change fuel oil into diesel oil?Shut the steam valve, decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil valve.20. What does VIT stand for?Variable injection timing.21. What’s the function of the fuel oil separator?To separate impurities and water from the fuel oil.22. How do you drain off air of the injection pump?By using vent screw.(放气螺钉)23 What are the two types of cooling system?The closed cooling system and the open cooling system.24. What’s the function of the head tank(高位水箱) in the cooling water system?Expansion and make-up of the water, air releasing and water treatment.25Please introduce the open cooling system.The seawater is in direct contact with the engine. But it is not found on diesel engine vessels now because seawater is somewhat corrosive.26.Please introduce the closed cooling system.In a closed cooling system, the fresh water is circulated through the engine, the engine jackets, the heat exchanger and the circulating pumps to form a continuous circuit which is not open to the atmosphere. 27. Please introduce the central cooling system.The central cooling system has only one large seawater circulated cooler. It cools a supply of fresh water which then circulates to other individual coolers.28. What’s the advantage of the central cooling water system?The corrosion problems are much reduced.29. What is the usual coolant used in the marine diesel engine?Fresh water.30. Why seawater is not used directly as a coolant in the marine diesel engine?Because it is corrosive.31. What’s the disadvantage of water-cooling piston?Cooling water leakage can pollute the lube oil.32. How do you heat the main engine?By circulating the cooling water which is heated to proper temperature.33. What’s the advantage of oil-cooling piston?Any leaks will not cause corrosive problem.34. What’s the function of the lubricating oil used in marine diesel engine?To provide lubricating film, remove heat, resist oxidation, neutralize acidic products of combustion, and so on.35.How do you clean the lube oil filters?By washing with diesel oil36. Why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity?To neutralize acidic condition.37.What's the function of the cylinder oil?Lubrication, sealing, cleaning and removing heat.38. How do you start the air compressor?Check lube oil and cooling water first, then open the drain cock, finally start the air compressor.39. What do you pay attention to when you stand by engine?Check various pressure and temperature, warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning gear and so on.40. Do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air?Too low starting air pressure, incorrect timing of starting air valve, etc.41. What should you periodically do for the air reservoir?Drain oily water.42. What is the function of turning gear?To make the engine operate slowly for inspection.43. How do you grind the valve plate of air compressor?Grind it in the path of “8” shape44.What's the sequence of the four strokes?Suction, compression, expansion and exhaust.45. What is called a working cycle of a marine diesel engine?The operation between two fuel injections.46What’s the function of the governor?To regulate the speed of the main engine.47. What is the feature of the governor?It can automatically maintain the constant speed of the engine and regulate speed fluctuation.48. How do you operate the main engine in cold weather?Warm up the main engine gradually.49 Why is the air exchanging quality of four-stroke engine more than that of two-stroke engine? Because four–stroke engine has an enough overlap between inlet valve opening and exhaust valve closing.50. What is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box?Piston rod stuffing box.51. What's the function of gas exchange in diesel engine?Supplying fresh air and removing exhaust gas.52. What's the function of the supercharging in diesel engine?To increase output power.53. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke?The combustion is not sufficient.54. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke?Because the lube oil is burnt due to blow-by.55. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke?Too much sulphur in the fuel oil.56. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke?The fuel oil contains too much water or cooling water leakage.57. How do you measure the clearance of the main bearings?By a feeler or lead wire(铅丝).58. How do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine?By crank deflection gauge.（拐档表）59. How do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally?According to specific working condition and requirement of instruction book.60What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine/auxiliary engine? Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water.61. What does CPP stand for?Controllable Pitch Propeller.62. Why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler?Because the impurities form scale.63. What boiler is used on a motor ship at sea?Exhaust gas boiler.64. What boiler is used on a motor ship in port?Donkey boiler.65. What is the function of the soot-blower?To blow away soot and the products of combustion.66. What is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator?Coupling.67. What is the most common marine refrigeration?Compression refrigeration.68. Please introduce four components required for a compression refrigeration system. Compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve.69. How do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system?Through the special passage for Freon 22.70Why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently?Lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator, leaky liquid line solenoid valve..71. What's the type of the freshwater generator?Multi-stage flash water generator72. What's the type of the fuel oil separator?Centrifugal.73. How do you clean the disc of an oil separator?With disc cleaner.74. What's the type of the oily water separator?Gravity, filtration and absorption.75. What's the function of the oily water separator?To prevent oil-pollution to the sea.76. What is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?15 PPM.77. What is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?15 PPM.78How do you manage sewage?Drop in sterilized medicine regularly. Keep the blower in constant working.定期投药,保持鼓风机连续工作。
轮机英语听力与会话问题及答案一二轮机英语听力与会话第一/二章问题及答案1 .How long have you ever worked on board?I have worked on board for two years.2. Which certificate do you have now?I have the fourth engineer's certificate3. what is you marital status? How many departments are there on board?I am single. There are three departments on board. Engine,deck and service department.4. How many people are there in your family?Are you marriedThere are three people in my family,father,mother and me.No,I amnot married5. How many countries have you ever been to?About si x countries; such -as Russia，Japan、and America and so on:6. when did you begin to work on boards?, what kind L of ship have you worked off?I began to work on board in, 2007.I have worked on container ship and oil tanker7. How many important canals are there all over the world?There are three important canals in the world，There are Suez, and kiel, Canal 8. Can you tell me what is the most important thing for a' seafarerIt is safety.9.What kind of main engine and auxiliary engine have you worked on?I have worked on several models. For example, Main engine: MANkz70/1200,generator engine,YANMAR6ML27010. Which classification saciety is your ship registered with?CCS (china classification society).11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipment?Yes, I worked on one ship with main engine piston break.12. How did you make your maintace schedules?I make maintena n ce schedules according to my company’sPMS and condition of equipments13. Could you list international conventions concerning marine. Skipping?For example: SOLAS, STCW, MARPOL, and so on.14. Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?STCW established an international standard for the training, certification aced watch deeping for the seafarers.15. What is the purpose of Classification Society? Could you list some of them?The purpose of classification survey is to evaluate the situation of a ship and the management of a company and its ship.Classification Societies are such as:CCS,ABS,DNV,GL,NK and so on16. Could you list different kind of ship s surveys?They are annadl survey,intermediate survey,special survey,temporaryand so on.17. What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS.UMS stands for Unattended Machinery Space.I have severed UMS.18. Have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where andwhen was your last inspection?Yes. Last month in Singapore.19. What should be. paid attention to in the overhaul of cylinder?All safety measures must be observed and proper working procedure on reference book must be followed.20. Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank,what action will you take?check content of oxygen and ventilation.21.Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.More than 18％and no more than 23% of oxygen in an enclosed space will be OK for the safety of the workers.第二章.问答1 .Please introduce one type of the main engine.The main engine is large bore,two-stroke, crosshead type with turbo charging system,2. Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically Controlled main engine.The fuel is injected' into cylinders via a “common rail”.Each injectorhas a solenoid valve which is operated by an electronic control unit for accurate control of injector opening time.3.Pease introduce dual fuel technology of main engine.This kind of main engine can burn both natural gas and fuel oil.4.Why is the two-stroke engine widely used as the main engine on board ship ?Because of its high output,efficiency and reliability.5.Why is the air exchanging .quality of four-stroke enginemore than that of two-stroke engine?Because the air exchanging course of four-stroke is separate,but the air exchanging course of two-stroke almost happens at the same time.6.Please introduce three moving parts of marine main engine.They are crankshaft, connecting rod and piston.7.What’s the sequence of the four strokes in a four-stroke diesel engine? They are suction,compression, expansion, and exhaust strokes.8. Please introduce Four fixing parts of marine main engine.They are bed plate,frame,scavenge air box and cylinder block.9.What is called a wording cycle of a marine diesel engine?The operation between two fuel injections is called a working cycle, 10.What is the foundation of an engine?It is the bedplate.11.What are the function and feature of the tie rods?It is to hold the bedplate，frames and cylinder blocks together.12.What is the function of tie governor?Its function is to control the engine speed.13.What is the feature of the governor?The governor maintains the engine speed at the desired value by regulating injected fuel amount of each cylinder per cycle.14.What is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod?It is the crosshedead .15. What is used for sealing between tie crankcarse and scavenging air box?It is piston rod stuffing box16.What are the two types of cooling system in the engine room?They are fresh water system and sea water cooling system.17.What's the function of the head tank in the cooling water system? Expansion, air releasing, water make-up and water treatment.18.Please introduce the open cooling system.The open cooling system has heat exchanger,circulating pump, continuous circuits with a drain tank open to atmosphere.coolant returns to the drain tank aver pumping into the system.19.Please introduce the close cooling system.The close cooling system has heat exchanger,circulating pump and continuous circuits with a head tank open to atmosphere.Coolant returns to the suction o} purr}p after pumping into the system.20.Please introduce the central cooling system:It uses sea water to cool down low temperature fresh water in central coolers.And then low temperature fresh water is circulated by pump to cool down all the other coolers in the engine room. With less equipment in contact v}rith seawater, the central cooling water system reduces corrosion problems.21.What's the advantage of the central cooling rwater system?with less equipment in contact with seawater; the central cooling water system reduces corrosion problems22.How to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine?The fuel oil viscosity is regulating by fuel oil’s temperature.23.Please introduce two sub-system of the fuel oiI system.They are the fuel supply system and the fuel injection system.24. Please spear out the function of the fuel oil vhf viscosityregulator. It controls the fuel oil viscosity by regulating the oil’s temperature.25.How does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work?It controls the fuel oil's viscosity regulating the oil's temperature.26.Please tell at least three composition of fuel oil.They are sulphur, ash content and cetane number.27.Please name at least three of the main factors to select a fuel oil. They are viscosity specific gravity and flash point.28.What is the usual coolant used in marine diesel engine?The usual coolants are fresh water.29.Why sea water is not used directly as a coolant In diesel engine?Because seawater is corrosive30.What's the advantage of oil-cooling pistion?The advantage is the same oil for oil-cooling piston as system lubrication.No leak problem exists in this system31.What's the disadvantage of water-cooling pistion?Leakage from cooling system to lubrication system can cause contamination of the oil, and spend a lot of management work32. What’s the function of the lubricating oil used in marine diesel engine?The function of the lubricating oil is not only to lubricate the running surfaces, but also to carry away a great deal of heat.33.How do you clean the lube oil filters?We should dismantle and clean the lube oil filter./By washing with diesel oil 34.When do you clean the fuel oil filters?When the pressure drop in the fuel oil filter is excessive./ The filter is clogged by impurities35. Why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity?In order to neutralize the acid products of combustion.36.What's the function of the cylinder oil?It's used to lubricating cylinders/transfer the heat and reducing the wear and tear./ Lubrication, sealing and removing heat.37. How do you start the air compressor?Check lube oil and cooling water first, then open the drain cock, start the air compressor final.38. What do you pay attention to when you stand by engine?Checked various pressure and temperatures, warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning gear and so on.39. Do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air?Maybe the starting air pressure is too low or the turning gear is still engaged.40. What should you periodically do for the air reservoir?I should drain water from air reservoir.41. What's the function of gas exchange in diesel engine?To supply of fresh air and removal of exhaust gas. / To supply fresh air and exhaust the wasted gas.42. What's the function of the supercharging in diesel engine?The foundation is increased air density will raise scavenge efficiency.43. How do you operate the main engine in cold weather?I will warm up the main engine gradually.44. How do you heat the main engine?By circulating the cooling water which is heated to proper temperature.45. How do you change diesel oil into fuel oil?Fuel oil heated to proper temperature and open the fuel oilvalve.46. How do you change fuel oil into diesel oil?Shut the steam valve; decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil valve. 47. What is the function of steering gear?The function of the steering gear is to control the ship’s course.48. How do you measure the clearance of the main bearings?We measure the clearance by means of a feeler or lead.49. How do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine?By crank deflection gauge.50. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke?The combustion was not sufficient.( The air supply is too low or The fuel valves or atomizers are defective.)51. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke?Because the lube oil is burnt due to blow-by.52. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke?Because of too much sulphur in the fuel oil.53. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke?The fuel oil contains too much water or cooling water leakage.54. What is the function of the turning gear?The turning gear is used to turn the engine.55. What does CPP stand for?It stands for Controllable Pitch Propeller.56. What does VIT stand for?VIT stands for variable injection timing.57. What's the type of the freshwater generator?Multi-stage flash water generator58. What's the type of the fuel oil separator?It’s centrifugal.59. What’s the function of the fuel oil separator?The fuel oil separator is used to separate impurities and water from the fuel oil. 60. What's the type of the oily water separator?It’s Gravity separation, adsorbents, floccul ents, ultrafilter, chemical addition with temperature-enhanced centrifugal devices and polymeric surface modified filtration.61. What's the function of the oily water separator?It’s used to prevent the ship from discharging oil while pumping out bilge water. 62. What's the function of the incinerator?It is used to burn the oil sludge and solid waste.63. What is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?The oil content limit is 15 PPM.64. What is hot work?It includes gas welding and electric welding.65. Why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler?Because the contamination of the water will cause problem, so we should treat it at regular intervals. / Because the impurities form scale.66. What boiler is used on a motor ship at sea?Exhaust gas boiler is used on a motor ship when the ship is at sea.67. What boiler is used on a motor ship in port?Donkey boiler is used on a motor ship when the ship is in port.68. How do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally?According to specific working condition and requirement of instruction book.69. What is the function of the soot-blower?The soot-blower is to blow away soot and the products combustion from the tube surface.70. How do you grind the valve plate of air compressor?Grind it in the path of “8” shape71. What is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator?The coupling is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator.72. What is the most common marine refrigeration?The compression refrigeration is the most commonly used type of marinerefrigeration.73. Please introduce four components required for a compression refrigerationsystem.They are the compressor, condenser, liquid receiver, and evaporator.74. How do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system?Through the special passage for Freon 22.75.Why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently?Because it is low-pressure controller differential set too close, lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator, leaky liquid line solenoid valve, restricted line strainer. 76. What equipment is used to handle the anchors?The windlass is used to handle the anchors.77. Please name at least three items of deck machinery.There are many machines on deck, such as windlass, derrick, winch and so on.78. How do you drain off air of the injection pump?By using vent screw.79. How do you clean the disc of an oil separator?With disc cleaner.80. What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine/auxiliary engine?Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water.81. How do you manage sewage?Drop in sterilized medicine regularly; keep the blower in constant working.。
第一章公共用语口述1. The engine room.(1) Position of the engine room on board.(2) Type of marine machinery in the engine room.(3) Feature of marine machinery in the engine room.The engine room is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom.In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, generators, air compressors, oily water separator, boilers, pumps, all kinds of coolers, valves and so on.The main engine is the largest and most important machines. It is the heart of the engine room; it can supply power for the vessel’s propulsion; boilers for producing steam; fresh water generator used to produce fresh water from seawater; air compressor to supply compressed air; s teering gears for the control of the ship’s course. The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS (Unattended Machinery Space).2. The engine department.(1) Introduction of the importance of the engine department on board.(2) Introduction of personnel of the engine department.(3) Description of work in the engine department.The engine department is an extremely important department. It is responsible for all maintenance and operation of the electrical and mechanical equipment. Besides the engines in the engine room, the engine department crew is responsible for all of the sewage, air conditioning, lighting, and water on the ship. Without the engine department, the ship would not move.There are 4 engineers and 3 motormen and 2 electricians in the engine department on board my ship. We come form different parts of the country. But we all love our work and always help each other.We work in the engine room every day and do watch keeping in turn. We do maintenance on the main engine and the auxiliary machineries there. We also check the pressure and the temperature of the fuel and cooling systems. When we are on duty, we should keep the machines in good condition and keep the engine room clean and tidy.3. Self-introduction.(1) Your education background.(2) Your working experience.(3) Your family.My name is ×××. I graduated from Qingdao Harbor V ocational & Technical College in 2009, majoring in marine engineering. I have worked on board for two years. Now I am a fourth engineer. I love my job. There are three people in my family:my father, my mother, and I. My father is a teacher and my mother is a doctor.4. Your daily work on board.(1) Your position on board.(2) Your duties during watch keeping.(3) Your experiences.I am the fourth engineer on board ship. My duty time is 8-12 a.m. and 8-12 p.m. My main work is to ensure that the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear are in good order. The current operational parameters of all machinery should be observed, such as the exhaust gases temperature of main engine, the cylinder jacket outlet cooling water temperature and pressure etc. During watch, the bridge orders must be promptly carried out. Any abnormal parameters in relation to the equipment should be paid attention.5. Watch-keeping in the Engine Room.(1) The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.(2) He has to keep everything in good order.(3) He is going to hand over the shift.When a ship is at sea, each engineer should keep a duty-watch for 4 hours. During his duty watch, the engineer makes some tour inspection of the engine room and put down all the figures into the engine room log book. He has to keep everything in order. When his watch is finished, he should tell the relieving officer the present condition of the engine room before handing over the watch.6. Could you introduce yourself?(1) What’s your name?(2) Where did you graduate?(3) What education degree do you have now?My name is ×××. I graduated from Qingdao Harbor V ocational & Technical College in 2009, majoring in marine engineering. I got a college diploma.回答1. How long have you worked on board?I have been working on board for 2 years.2. Which certificate do you have now?I have a fourth engineer’s certif icate.3. What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?I’m still single. There are 3 departments on board. They are the engine department, the deck department and the service department.4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are four: my father, my mother, my sister and I.No, I’m still single.5. How many countries have you ever been to?I have been to five countries: The United States, Great Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?I began to work on board two years ago.It’s a cargo ship, registered with CCS(China Classification Society).7. How many important canals are there all over the world?The Panama Canal, the Suez Canal and the Kiel.8. Can you tell me what the most important thing is for a seafarer?Good skills in the corresponding work and proficiency in English.9. What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and A.C generator.10. Which classification society is your ship registered with?C.C.S., that is, China Classification Society.11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments?No, I served my job cautiously, and my colleagues were also very responsible. We kept the vessel in safe operation.12. How do you make your maintenance schedules?( Make the repair plan; make the repair list according to theCompany＇s repair principle and instruction book ; prepare for the spare parts and stores )13. Could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping?STCW, SOLAS, MARPOL, ISM Code, and so on.14. Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?It provides the standards of Training, Certification, and Watch-keeping forSeafarers.15. What is the purpose of Classification Society? Could you list some of them?The purpose is to ensure safety of ship and human life, and prevent pollution of the environment. The famous Classification socie ties are Lloyd’s, D.N.V., A.B.S.,B.V.,C.C.S., and so on.16. Could you list different kinds of ship’s surveys?There is annual survey, special survey, docking surveys, and so on.17. What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?UMS stands for Unattended Machinery Space. Yes, I have served UMS.18. Have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your lastinspection?Yes, I have experienced PSC inspection many times. Last July, I have experienced such inspection in New York.19. What should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder?1）. Give a “No Starting Engine” sign;2）. Close valves of the oil and water system to the cylinder and drop out the remaining water it;3）. Observed all safety measures,i.e. to ensure safe to personnel,all parts of the main engine,tools used to work on it;4). Mark on all parts dismantled from the cylinder to ensue reassemble them as theoriginal relative position;20. Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank, what action will youtake?( Test the oxygen percentage and wear an self-contained breathing apparatus)21. Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for thesafety of the workers in an enclose space?18%.第二章机舱日常业务口述1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasolineengine.The main difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine include: 1) The combustion medium of a diesel engine is diesel oil or fuel oil, while that for agasoline engine is gas oil.2) The diesel engine is ignited through compression of hot, high pressure oil/air mixture, but the gasoline engine is ignited by electrical spark plug.3) For diesel engine, the air and oil is mixed inside the cylinder, while for gasoline engine, they are mixed outside the cylinder.2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from Shanghai Marine University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him?First, I will tell the cadet the importance of the engine room. Second, I should introduce the various machinery and systems in the engine room, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. Third, I will show him how to operate the various equipment and devices safely, and introduce as much safety knowledge as I can.3. Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marineengineering from Shanghai Marine University. How do youintroduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room to him.Same answer as question No 2.4. Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine.The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern tube bearing. The propeller consist of a boss with several blades. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship structure.5. Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of disposal of medium-speed and high-speed diesel engine.When the ship is sailing at full speed, it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed, it requires two engines running. While the ship is operating at about 30 % of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requirement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines, or four engines according the load condition. Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four engine running, while it approaches the wharf, it has two.6. Look at the illustration and say something about structure of the main engine. The structure of the main engine is as follows: the construction mainly includes bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft. The crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girders of the bedplate. On the top of A frames there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods. A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.7. Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts.The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical parts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft is under the torsion forces.8. Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine. Pistons can be divided into two main classes: the crosshead type pistons and the trunk type pistons. The top surface of the crosshead piston can be flat, sunken or convex. The piston shown in the illustration is the crosshead type piston with a sunken surface. It has the advantage of increasing the air turbulence and improvingthe oil and air mixing quality. Its disadvantage is that the cylinder volumetric clearance will be larger.9. Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring.The piston rings shown in the illustration has the shape of rectangle or trapezoid. Some of them are rounded on the external top or bottom edges. Among these piston rings, No.1 and No.2 are sealing rings, No. 3 and No. 4 are scraper rings, while the No.5 is a distributor ring. Generally, each piston is provided with five or six piston rings.10. Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling the pistons. Oil is supplied to the cylinder liner wall and piston rings by means of mechanical lubricators. The lube oil to the various moving parts enables the formation of an oil film which reduces friction and wear.11. Talk about the working principle of purifier according to the picture given.The removal of impurities and water from fuel oil and lube oil is very important for the good working conditions of the engine. This is achieved by the centrifugal purifier. In consists of an electric motordrive to a vertical shaft on the top of which is mounted the bowl assembly. The high-speed rotation is a purifier which can produce acentrifugal force many thousand times larger than the force of gravity. After the bowl fulfilled with clean water, the dirty oil is admitted into the center of the bowl, passes up through a stack discs and out through the top.During this process, the action of centrifugal force causes the clean oil to flow inwards and the water and impurities flow outwards. The water and impurities form a sludge, which moves outwards along the undersides of the discs to the periphery of the bowl. The excessive water will flow out through the water outlet and the sludge can be discharged at regular intervals. Thus, the whole process could continuously go on.12. Talk about the working principle of oily water separator according to thepicture given.Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships do not discharge oil when pumping out the bilge water, or oily water from oil tanks or any water contaminated space. The main principle of separation is the gravitational difference between oil and water.1) The separator is first filled with clean water.2) The oily water mixture is then pumped into the coarse separating space. Here some oil will separate and rise into the oil collection space.3) The remaining mixture now flows down into the fine separating space. More oil will separate out. The almost oil-free water passes into the central pipe and leaves the separator unit.13. Talk about the anti-pollution equipment on board ship.The anti-pollution equipment on board ship includes oily water separator, incinerator and sewage treatment plant. Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships do not discharge oil when pumping out bilge water or oily water from oil tanker or any oil contaminated space. They should be used in conjunction with some forms of filters if greater purity is required. The incinerators are used to burn the solid waste. And some biological sewage treatment plants are in use to treat the sewage water the whole ship produced. All these equipment must be kept in good order; otherwise we would not pass the PSC inspection.14. Talk about the operation of the ballast system.The ballast system is arranged to ensure that water can be drawn from any tank or the sea and discharged to any other tank or the sea as required to trim the vessel. Combine or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided. Where a tank or cargo space can be used for ballast or dry cargo then either a ballast or bilge connection will be required. The system must therefore be arranged so that only the appropriate pipeline is in service; the other must be securely blanked or closed off. The automatic filling of any tank may be obtained by opening the valve of sea water main connected to the discharge main. For operating the ballast system, care must takenwhen we open or close the relative valves. Usually the ballast pump is centrifugal pump, so it must be operated according to the requirement.15. Talk about the operation of the bilge water system.The operation of the bilge system is an important routine work. It needs great care. When the operation of the bilge system is needed, the following procedure must be observed:1) Discharge the bilge tanks one by one.2) Open and close the relevant valves when changing over to another tankaccording to the operation procedure.3) Stop pumping out when the bilge tank is nearly empty.4) Pay attention to the filters and mud-boxes to ensure no clogging5) The discharge must meet the relative legislative requirements.6) The operation must be recorded and reported to C/E.The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing over a watch. And relief engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.问答1. Please introduce one type of the main engine.(I．MAN-B&W diesel engine. It is a slow-speed 2-stroke crosshead type marine diesel engine.)2. Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled main engine.( It employs electronic control injection system and makes use of electric sensors to monitor parameters of ME under various operation conditions)3. Please introduce dual fuel technology of main engine.This kind of main engine can burn both light oil and fuel oil used in large medium speed engine.The former can be directly used by the main engine but the latter should be heated before using.4. Why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship?Because the two-stroke engine can develop twice the power of the four-stroke engine of the same size, and its thermal efficiency is higher.5. Why is the air exchanging quality of four-stroke engine morethan that of two-stroke engine?Four-stroke engine has an enough overlap between inlet valve opening and exhaust valve closing6. Please introduce three moving parts of marine main engine.They are piston, crankshaft and connecting rod.7. What’s the sequence of the four strokes?They are suction, compression, expansion and exhaust.8. Please introduce four fixing parts of marine main engine.Bedplate, cylinder block, scavenge air box and frame.9. What is called a working cycle of diesel engine?The operation between two fuel injections.10. What is the foundation of diesel engine?It is the bed-plate.11. What are the function and feature of the tie rods?To hold the bedplate, A-frames and cylinder block together.12. What is the function of the governor?It is to regulate the speed of the main engine.13. What is the feature of the governor?Instantaneous speed, regulating speed fluctuation, and so on14. What is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod?It is the crosshead.15. What is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box?It is the piston rod stuffing box.16. What are the two types of the cooling system?They are closed freshwater cooling system and open seawater cooling system. 17. What’s the function of the head tank in the cooling water system?It is used for expansion of water and water make-up.18. Please introduce the open cooling system.( With the open cooling system, water is pumped in from outside the ship and is drained off into the sea after it completes its function. )19. Please introduce the close cooling system.In the closed cooling system, the fresh water is circulated through the engine. Here the engine is cooled and the water is also cooled. Itcirculates vertically to the top where the engine and the water are warmest.20. Please introduce the central cooling system.Central cooling system is based on the same design principles with conventional sea water cooling system but with a central cooler contacted with seawater and one additional set of pump.21. What’s the advantage of the central cooling water system?With less equipment in contact with sea-water, the corrosion problems are much reduced in the central cooling system.22. How to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine?By using the fuel oil viscosity regulator to control the oil temperature.23. Please introduce two sub-systems of the fuel oil system.They are the fuel supply system and the fuel injection system.24. Please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator.It is to control the oil viscosity by regulating the oil temperature.25. How does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work?By regulating the oil’s temperature.26. Please tell at least three composition of fuel oil.Sulphur, ash content , cetane number, mechanical impurities,water content27. Please name at least three of main factors to select a fuel oil.Viscosity, calorific value, sulphur content, flash point, setting point, specific gravity.28. What is the usual coolant in marine diesel engine?Fresh water, lube oil and seawater.29. Why seawater is not used directly as a coolant in diesel engine?Because of its corrosive effect.30. What’s the advantage of oil-cooling system?The advantage is the same oil also can be used for lubrication and any leakage will not cause corrosive problem.31. What’s the disadvantage of water-cooling piston?Cooling water leakage can pollute the lube oil.32. What’s the function of the lubricating oil in main engine?It is to reduce friction, remove heat, and neutralize acid condition and so on.33. How do you clean the lube oil filters?( first using the light diesel oil and brushes, then using the compressed air to blow through )34. When do you clean the fuel oil filters?When the filters are clogged by impurities.The difference of pressure between before and after the filter is too big. （滤器的前后压差太大）35. Why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity?It is used to neutralize the acid conditions.36. What’s the function of the cylinder oil?It is used to lubricate, neutralize acid and remove heat.37. How do you start the air compressor?Unload and then start it automatically or manually38. What do you pay attention to when you stand by engine?( check up engine telegraph, clock,sterring gear;heat and check the fuel, lubricating oil and cooling water at working level; all valves in the various systems are operational , etc)39. Do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air?Starting air pressure too low, incorrect timing of starting air valve, stop-valve on air line being closed and so on40. What should you periodically do for the air reservoir?We should drain water from it periodically.41. What’s the function of gas exchange in diesel engine?To supply fresh air and remove exhaust gases.42. What’s the function of supercharging in diesel engine?To increase the power of the engine.43. How do you operate the main engine in cold weather?I will gradually warm up the main engine.44. How do you heat the main engine?Heat the cylinder water and then start the pump to circulate the cooling water to proper temperature45. How do you change diesel oil into fuel oil?Diesel oil heated to proper temperature and open the fuel oil valve slowly （gradually）46. How do you change fuel oil into diesel oil?Shut the steam valve of the fuel oil , decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil valve and then close the fuel oil valve.47. What is the function of the turning gear?It is used to turn the main engine.48. How do you measure the clearance of the main bearings?We will use lead wire or feeler.49. How do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine?By crank deflection gauge50. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke?Maybe the air supply is too low, or the fuel valves or atomizers are defective. 51. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke?Lube oil more than normal52. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke?The content of sulphur in the fuel oil is higher than normal.53. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke?Water content is more than normal.54. What is the function of the steering gear?It is t o control the ship’s course.55. What does CPP stand for?It stands for Controllable Pitch Propeller.56. What does VIT stand for?Variable injection timing57. What’s the type of the freshwater generator?Multi-stage flash water generator( flash evaporator and boiling evaporator)58. What’s the type of the fuel oil separator?Centrifugal.59. What’s the function of the fuel oil separator?Remove water and impurities.60. What’s the type of the oily water separator?Gravity filtration and absorption.61. What’s the function of the oily water separator?It ensures that the oil content in the water to be discharged into the sea doesn’t exceed the required limit.62. What’s the function of the incinerator?It is to Burn the oil sludge and solid wastes.63. What is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?Not more than 15 ppm.64. What is the hot work?It includes gas welding, gas cutting and electric welding.65. Why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler?We do it to prevent corrosion and scale inside the boiler. .66. What boiler is used on a motor ship at sea?An exhaust gas boiler is used when the ship is at sea.67. What boiler is used on a motor ship in port?A donkey boiler is used when the ship is in port.68. How do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally?According to specific working condition and requirement of instruction book. 69. What is the function of the soot blower?The soot-blower is to blow away soot and the products combustion from the tube surface.70. How do you grind the valve plate of air compressor?Grind it in the path of “8” shape.71. What is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator?It is the coupling.72. What type is the most common marine refrigeration?The compression refrigeration is the most commonly used type.73. Please introduce four components required for a compression refrigerationsystem.They are the compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator.74. How do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system?(The outlet of refrigerant steel bottle slops downwards, and keeping the cooling water circulating, then start the air compressor )75. Why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently?Because of lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator, leaky liquid line solenoid valve or other reasons.76. What equipment is used to handle the anchors?The windlass is used to handle the anchors.77. Please name at least three items of deck machinery.They are mooring winches, cranes, windlass and so on.78. How do you drain off air of the injection pump?By-using vent screw.79. How do you clean the disc of an oil separator?With disc cleaner.80. What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder formain engine/auxiliary engine?Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water81. How do you manage sewage?Drop in sterilized medicine regularly, and keep the blower in constant working..第三章驾机联系口述munications with officers.In order to ensure the safe navigation of the ship, frequent communication betweenthe engineers and officers is necessary. The usual means of communication is by telephone and telegraph. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the ship will be endangered. The records of communication should be maintained which will provide evidence in the event of an accident at sea. Noon report is also a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge.Duty officer and duty engineer should exchange information about the time of standby engine, testing steering gear, checking up clock and telegraph during navigation.2.Noon report.Noon report is a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge. Formally, it should be presented by the captain to the chief engineer or vice versa. But in practice, it is often prepared by the second officer or the third engineer. When the ship isat sea, the noon report should be exchanged daily. While the ship is in port, it will be presented once several days. The noon report from the engine room to the bridge mainly includes the average speed of the main engine, the storage of the water, fuel oil, lube oil and so on. While the noon report from the bridge to the engine room mainly includes the ship’s position in term of longitude and latitude at noon, the average navigation speed and so on.3.Take over watch.Taking over the watch is a very important procedure in watch keeping. The relieving engineer should arrive at the engine room fifteen minutes early. He should check the operation and condition of the steering gear, the main engine, the auxiliary engines, boilers and other important equipments and systems. He should also check the storage of daily service oils and water. If there is any problem, such as equipment failure, the relieving engineer should be told what has been done, any unfinished work, information from the bridge and so on.4.Hand over watch.At the completion of the watch, each member of watchkeepingshould hand over to his relief, ensuring that the relief is competent to take over and carry out his duties effectively. Before going off duty, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are suitalby recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders , special instructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified.5.Stand by engine before departure.When stand by engine before departure, the following items should be checked.1) All necessary supply pumps running and warming-up system, standby pumps selected in auto start mode.。
轮机英语听力与会话As a marine engineer, one of the most important skills you need is the ability to communicate effectively in English. Whether you're working on a ship or in a shipyard, you'll need to be able to understand and respond to verbal instructions, discuss technical issues, and report on the status of your equipment and machinery. Here are some tips for improving your listening and conversation skills:1. Build your vocabulary: As a marine engineer, you'll need to be familiar with a wide range of technical terms related to engines, turbines, pumps, and other equipment. Make an effort to learn new words and phrases every day, and practice using them in context.2. Practice active listening: When you're in a conversation, focus on what the other person is saying rather than just waiting for your turn to speak. Ask questions to clarify your understanding, and repeat back key points to show that you're engaged and listening attentively.3. Use visual aids: If you're discussing technical issues, diagrams, schematics, and other visual aids can be very helpful. They'll help you understand the concepts being discussed, and they can also help you explain your own ideas more clearly.4. Attend seminars and training sessions: Many shipyards and engineering companies offer training sessions and seminars on various topics related to marine engineering. These events can be a great way to improve your skills and knowledge, and they're also a good opportunity to network with other professionals in your field.5. Join online forums and groups: There are many online forums and groups dedicated to marine engineering, where you can discuss technical issues, ask for advice, and share your experiences with others in the field. These groups can be valuable sources of information and support.6. Look for opportunities to practice speaking: If you're not confident speaking English, look for opportunities to practice in a low-pressure environment. This could be as simple as chatting with a colleague or friend in English, or joining a conversation group or language exchange program.Here are some common expressions and phrases you might hear or use in a typical conversation between marine engineers:1. "What's the status of the engine?" - This is a typical question you might ask when assessing the condition of a ship's engine.2. "We need to replace the bearings on the shaft." - This is an example of a technical issue that might arise during routine maintenance.3. "Can you explain how the cooling system works?" - This is a question you might ask if you're not sure about the operation of a particular piece of equipment.4. "We need to order a new set of pistons." - This is an example ofa maintenance task that might require parts to be ordered.5. "I'm not sure what's causing the vibration in the engine room." - This is an example of a problem that might require troubleshooting. Overall, effective communication is essential for success as a marine engineer. By building your vocabulary, practicing active listening, and seeking out opportunities to improve your skills,you'll be better equipped to understand the complex technical issues you'll encounter in your work, and to communicate clearly and effectively with your colleagues and superiors.6. Look for opportunities to practice speaking: If you're not confident speaking English, look for opportunities to practice in a low-pressure environment. This could be as simple as chatting with a colleague or friend in English, or joining a conversation group or language exchange program.7. Use nonverbal communication: In addition to verbal communication, nonverbal cues such as facial expressions, gestures, and body language can also be important in conveying messages and building rapport. Pay attention to your own nonverbal signals, and be aware of the signals others are sending you.8. Ask for feedback: If you're not sure how well you're communicating, ask for feedback from your colleagues or superiors. They may be able to offer suggestions for improvement or point out areas where you're particularly strong.9. Be aware of cultural differences: English is spoken differently in different parts of the world, and cultural differences can also affect communication styles and expectations. Be aware of thesedifferences and work to adapt your communication style accordingly.10. Practice writing skills: In addition to speaking and listening, writing is also an important aspect of communication in the marine engineering field. Practice your writing skills by drafting reports, emails, and other documents in English, and seek out feedback to improve your clarity and accuracy.11. Stay up to date on industry trends and technology: As a marine engineer, it's important to stay current with the latest trends and technology in your field. This will help you understand the context of conversations and discussions related to your work, and will also help you identify opportunities for innovation and improvement.12. Prepare for meetings and presentations: If you're presenting technical information or participating in a meeting, prepare in advance by organizing your thoughts, creating visual aids, and rehearsing your presentation. This will help you communicate your ideas clearly and confidently.In summary, effective communication is a critical skill for marine engineers in today's globalized and complex maritime industry. By building your vocabulary, practicing active listening, seeking out feedback, and staying up to date on industry trends and technology, you can improve your communication skills and advance in your career. Remember that communication is a two-way street, and be willing to collaborate and learn from others in order to achieve success in your work.。
机工英语听力与会话Answer_the_Questions__En-Ch（Newest）（高级）值班机工英语听力与会话（1-13课全）Answer the Questions：(问答题部分分值60%)Lesson 1 Daily English (10题)1. What is your name[neim]? 你叫什么名字？My name is…… 我叫……。
2. How old are you? 你多大了？Twenty years old. 我20岁了。
3. What is your marital['m?ritl] status['steit?s]?你的婚姻状况是什么？Married['m?rid]/Single['si?ɡl]. 已婚/单身。
4. How many people are there in your family [?f?mili]? 你家里有几口人？Four people. 我家里有四口人。
5. How long have you worked[w?:kt] on board [b?:d]?你在船上工作多久了？2 years. 两年了。
6. How many countries['k?ntriz] have you ever['ev?] been to?你曾经去过几个国家？2 countries. 两个。
7. Do you like your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗？Yes, I like it. 是的，我很喜欢我的工作。
8. What is your favorite[?feiv?rit] color[?k?l?]? 你最喜欢的颜色是？Blue[blu:]. 蓝色。
9. Which season[?si:z?n] do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？Spring. 春天。
10. What kind of music[?mju:zik] do you like? 你喜欢什么类型的音乐？Pop music. 流行音乐Lesson 2 Common terms on board (5题)1. How many departments[di?pɑ:tm?nts] are there on board[b?:d] ship?船上有几个部门？2 departments. 有两个部门。
机工英语会话试卷1Section A(20%)Read aloud the following passage with correct pronunciation and intonation:Engine department is one of the most important departments on board.There are10people. They are four engineers and six motormen.We are from different countries.So we have to speak English.We should get along well with each other and respect others’culture and customs.We should keep the engine room clean and tidy.Section B(20%)Give a talk on the given topic.Please describe the machines in the engine room.Section C(60%)Answer the following questions:1.What is your name?2.How many countries have you ever been to?3.What are the four strokes in a four-stroke engine?4.What are the major systems required for the operation of an engine?5.What’s the advantage of central cooling system?6.How do you deal with garbage on board?7.What is sea water used for on board?8.What does SMS stand for?9.How many types of extinguishers do you know?List some.10.In the event of blackout,what should you do?第二套Section A(20%)Read aloud the following passage with correct pronunciation and intonation:Our ship has a gross tonnage of5,000tons.It carries bulk cargo,such as cement,sand,grains, coal and so on.We often call at Singapore,Hongkong,Dalian and Qingdao.As a motorman,Ishould keep all the machines in the engine room in good order,so that it sails smoothly.We should carry out the officer’s orders at once.We all work very hard on board.Section B(20%)Give a talk on the given topic.Section C(60%)Answer the following questions:1.What is your marital status?2.How many people are there in your family?3.Who is responsible for the engine department?4.Could you list some common machinery on board?5.What are the moving parts of the main engine?6.What machine must be used to treat fuel oil before being used?7.What are the two types of cooling system?8.What’s the function of the oily water separator?9.How do you take samples during bunkering?10.What is IOPP?What is the valid period?第三套Section A(20%)Read aloud the following passage with correct pronunciation and intonation:Our ship is in the shipyard now.We are here for the voyage repair.Some machines and equipment need repairing.A motor often fails to start.The emergency generator does not workwell.There is also something wrong with the steering gear.The workers from the shipyard do the most repair items.Section B(20%)Give a talk on the given topic.Say something about marine pollutionSection C(60%)Answer the following questions:1.Do you like your job?2.What is your hobby?3.What kind of main engine have you served?4.What does UMS stand for?5.What are the fixed parts of the main engine?6.What are the two types of boilers on board?7.What anti-pollution equipment do you know?8.What is the function of clarifier?9.What is PSC?10.Who is in charge of the anti-pollution equipment on board?第四套Section A(20%)Read aloud the following passage with correct pronunciation and intonation:The motorman should be on duty in the engine control room from8am to4pm in the UMS. During the watch,he should check the working conditions of all the equipment in the engine room,levels of all tanks and engine room bilge wells.He should keep the engine room clean and tidy.Section B(20%)Give a talk on the given topic.Introduce the main engine to students visiting your shipSection C(60%)Answer the following questions:1.Which season do you like best?2.How old are you?3.How many departments are there on board ship?4.What’s the function of fuel oil separator?5.What boiler is used when the ship in port?6.What’s the function of the incinerator?7.What is the function of purifier?8.What is ISM?9.Why are communications important during bunkering?10.What do you know about MAROPL?第五套Section A(20%)Read aloud the following passage with correct pronunciation and intonation:The oil level detector is used to control the opening and closing of the electric magnetic valve and the oil content of the separated water is detected by the oil content detector.When the oilcontent is less than15ppm,the separated water is delivered overboard.If the oil content is more than15ppm,the separated water is returned to the oil sludge tank.Section B(20%)Give a talk on the given topic.My work on boardSection C(60%)Answer the following questions:1.How long have you worked on board?2.What is your favorite color?3.What machines are there in the engine room?4.What boiler is used when the ship is at sea?5.What is fresh water used for on board?6.What is used as a source to produce fresh water?7.What equipment should you use if you discharge bilge water?8.Who is in charge of the ballast water operation?9.In which cases must bunkering be stopped?10.What is ISPS?。
