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1. claim 声称，主张① claim to do sth 声称做某事② claim that… 声称……③ It is claimed that…有人主张/声称……I don’t claim to be an expert.It is claimed that some doctors are working 80 hours a week.2. adapt v. (使)适应；改编adapt to 适应…adapt oneself to 使自己适应…adapt from 根据…改编adapt… for… 把…改编为adaptation n.适应性；改编；改编的作品This old man adapted to the city life.(2) 要将小说改编成电影很难。
It is difficult to adapt a novel for a film.adapt 与adopt 的区别，adapt 适应，adopt 采纳，收养3. cover (vt.)(1) Our school covers an area of 1,000 mu. _______________(2) Mary covered her face with her hands. _________________(3) The book aims to cover all aspects of city life. ________________(4) Robinson was sent to Italy to cover the 1990 World Cup. _________________(5) Those figures might not even cover the cost of breakages. ________________(6) It would not be easy to cover ten miles on that amount of petrol. ___________(7) The book whose cover is yellow belongs to LiMing. ___________4. throw light on 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事These facts throw light on the matter.5. due to 由于；归功于(1) The firm’s success is largely due to the new manager.6.unlikely adj.不可能的（用作表语或定语）① sb/sth be unlikely/likely to do sth 某人/某物不可能/ 可能做某事②It’s unlikely/ likely that…不可能/ 可能做某事He is likely to come to the party.It is likely that he’ll come to the party.7.“of +抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。
M6重点单词、短语Unit11. aim to do sth. / be aimed at doing sth. 目标是要做到某事aim / goal / target 目标2. typical 典型的，有代表性的→ type / kind / sort 种类3. adopt 采用；收养adopt a childadopt / take / hold a … attitude towards life4. possess 拥有→ ownbelong to 属于in possession of sth. 占有、拥有某物in one’s possession 为某人所拥有、占有5. by chance / by accident / by coincidence 巧合地，碰巧地6. a great deal/amount of + 不可数名词a great number of + 可数名词复数the number of 指“……的数量”7. attempt 努力，尝试；企图make an attempt to do sth. = attempt to do sth. = try to do sth. in an attempt to do sth.8. On (the) one hand, … On the other hand, …9. predict / pretell / forecast / foresee 预言、预测10. specific 确切的，特定的→ special 特别的→ especially / particularly / in particular 特别、尤其specific aims 确切的目标11. appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事appeal to sb. for help 向某人呼吁求助appeal to sb. 对……有吸引力e.g. The cartoon appeals to me. Unit21. concrete 具体的→a concrete reason 确实的理由→abstract 抽象的（反义词）2. flexible 灵活的，可弯曲的→ a flexible plan3. take it easy— The exams are approaching. I feel a little nervous.— Take it easy!4. run out of 用完e.g. We are running out of money.5. be made up of 由……构成→ consist of6. in particular 尤其e.g. I like music, pop music in particular.= I like music, especially/ particularly pop music.7. eventually / finally / at last / in the end 最后，最终8. transform 转化，转变→ trans- 转变→ transport ，transplant transform … into …把……转变为……9. appropriate 适当的，合适的→ proper 【注意：其副词形式常考】10. exchange 交换，交流exchange sth. with sb. 与……交流……exchange one’s thoughts/ideas11. sponsor 赞助be sponsored by sb. 由某人赞助12. try out 测试，实验try on 试穿13. let out 发出，放走let out a cry/scream 发出一声叫喊/ 尖叫Unit3abusen. drug abuse 滥用药品child abuse 虐待儿童abuse of power 滥用职权v. abuse alcohol/drugs 酗酒、吸毒stress压力（同义词）pressure；stressful 有压力的，压力大的be under stress/pressure 在压力下suffer from great/pressure 遭受很大压力ban禁止；禁令v. ban sth. 禁止某事ban sb. from (doing) sth. 禁止某人做某事n. put a ban on sth. 宣布禁止某事due to因为= because of = as a result of = as a consequence of = owing to ≈thanks tobe/get/become addicted to(doing)sth.沉迷于……；对……上瘾（贬义）be absorbed in sth. / be buried in sth. 被……所吸引（褒义）be/get/become accustomed/used to(doing)sth.习惯于…automatic 自动的→ automatically 自动地→ auto- “自动地，自发地”mental精神上的→ mentally and physicallyeffect效力，结果take effect 发挥作用be in effect 正在使用中，有效have a … effect/influence on sth. 对……有……的作用→（形近词）effort n.“努力”→ make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事→（形近词）affect v. “影响”= influencestrengthen加强，巩固；变强→“-th”名词后缀→“-en”动词后缀decide on对……作出决定= make a decision on sth.decide to do sth. = determine to do sth. = be determined to do sth.= make up one’s mind to do sth.feel like doing sth. = would like to do sth. = fancy doing sth. 想要做某事desperate绝望的；拼命的be desperate for sth. 极度渴望某事(be extremely eager for sth.)be desperate to do sth. 极想做某事(be extremely eager to do sth.) disappointed失望的，沮丧的be disappointed at/with/about sth. 对某事感到失望be disappointed in sb. 对某人感到失望ashamed感到羞愧或羞耻的be ashamed of sth./sb. 对……感到羞愧in spite of sth.不管，不顾= regardless of = despite （后加名词或名词短语）take a risk/take risks冒险take the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的危险at risk 处境危险= in dangerat the risk of doing sth. 有……的危险put … at risk 把……置于危险中get into 陷入；染上（坏习惯）get into trouble 陷入麻烦get into bad habits 染上坏习惯get into the habit of doing sth. 染上……的坏习惯embarrassed尴尬的，陷入困境的be embarrassed at/about sth. 对……感到尴尬embarrass ing令人尴尬的embarrass ment尴尬awkward局促不安的，笨拙的Unit4come about 发生（与how连用） e.g. How did the accident come about? happen / occur / take place 发生break out （战争、疾病等）爆发subscribe to捐款= contribute to / donate订购subscribe to a magazine同意= agree with; supportquantity 数量；量a (great/large) quantity ofsth. 大量的（既可加不可数名词，也可加可数名词复数）(great/large) quantities of sth. 大量的→（形近词）quality 质量tend to do sth. 倾向会做某事；通常会做某事tend to sb./sth. = look after = take care oftendency趋势，倾向have a tendency to do sth. 有做……的趋势there is a tendency for sb. to do sth. 某人有做……的趋势go up 上升，增长，升起= riseresult in导致= cause = lead to = contribute toresult from 由……引起、导致be opposed to sth.反对某事=disagree with sth. = be against sth. state 陈述；说明→ statement；stateman range 范围，种类a (wide/whole) range of sth.in/within a … rangerange (v.) from sth. to sth.even if / even though 即使keep on doing sth.继续做某事glance at 瞥一眼look at 看着glare at 怒视stare at 盯着steady平稳的，持续的→ steadily 平稳地，持续地widespread 分布广的，普遍的on the whole 大体上，基本上average平均的average students 中等学生on behalf of sb. / on one’s behalf 代表某人put up with忍受，容忍（= stand ，bear ，tolerate）so long as / as long as 只要e.g. As long as we are determined and make an effort to do something, we can achieve it.and so on 等等circumstance情况，环境（situation）in/under … circumstances 在……的情况下under no circumstances 绝不，在任何情况下也不可以Unit5alongside在……旁边come along (with sb.) （与某人）一起appoint任命，委派appoint sb. as …任命某人为……wave波浪；挥手wave at sb. 向某人挥手wave sb. goodbye 与某人挥手告别absolutely完全地；绝对地suit套装；（颜色、衣服等）适合From The Avengers ——American Captain: Do you have a suit?Hawk Eye: Yes!American Captain: Then suit up!be suitable for sb. 适合某人be suitable to do sth. 适合做某人make one’s way to (a place) 前往find one’s way to …找到去……的路on one’s way to …在某人去……的路上potential潜力；可能到potential risk 潜在的危险have/show the potential to do sth. 有……的潜能actual实在的，实际的→ actually 实际地shoot射中，射伤（shoot → shot ，shot）shoot sb. in the leg/head etc. 射中某人的腿、头shoot at sb. 朝着某人射击shoot a glance at sb. 朝某人飞快地瞥一眼anxious焦急的→ anxiety 焦虑be anxious about sth. 对……很焦急、担心panic惊慌，恐慌in panic 惊慌地glance through 匆匆看一遍vary from … to …由……到……不等guarantee保证，担保guarantee sb. sth. 承诺某人某物。
Module 6 导学提纲课时目标：知识梳理；自学检测；基础夯实1．attack v t. 2．claim v t. ；n. 3．sceptical adj.4．cover v t.占地；覆盖；；；；；5．generous adj.6．reputation n．7．sharp adj. ；；；锋利的；尖的→v t.使锋利；削尖8．adj.神秘的→mystery n．；谜9．adapt v i.适应；适合→adj.适应性强的→n．适应10．disappear v i.消失→n．消失11．extinct adj.绝种的→n．灭绝，绝种；消亡12．exist v i.存在→n．存在→existent adj.存在的，现存的13．n．毁坏→adj.造成毁灭的→destroy v．毁灭，破坏14．adj.正面的→adj.(反义词) 消极的15．v t.象征；暗示→indication n．象征；暗示1．grow out of 2．close 靠近3．die 灭绝4．throw light 阐明某事；帮助弄清楚5．come the point谈正题，开门见山6．due 由于；因……造成7．stand out突出；伸出；显眼8．be sceptical 怀疑9．adapt 适应10．go 袭击；抨击；适用；选择；喜欢1.The director of a local tourist office，Meng Fanying，said the monster，which seemed black in colour，was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。
2．He claims a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个圆形黑色的动物在水中快速游动。
BOOK4 M4 单词1. biochemistry n.2. biology3. botany4. genetics5. zoology6. staple7. producer8. leading (adj) 主要的 the leading figures 主要/领军人物play a leading role in9. figure (n)①人物 a famous figure ②身材，体型 keep one’s figure 保持好的身材 ③数字(常用复数)动词短语 figure out 理解，明白，计算（数量或成本）It will take a long time to figure out its reality.10.bring up 培养；养育= raise Tom was brought up by his grandparents.11. educate-----education------educated-----educator12. nickname 13. agriculture(n)------agricultural(adj)14. breeding 15. species 16. yield17. origin （n ）-----original(adj)①原来的，最初的②新颖 n. 起源，出身18.publish （vt ）---- publishment (n)发行，出版19. sterile20.breakthrough(可数名词)突破 make a breakthrough 取得突破拓展: break through 突破 break down 车子等抛锚，失灵，出故障break out 战争，火灾等爆发 break up 关系等破裂，结束，解散break off 打断21. as a result as a result ofresult from result in22. support support the whole family in support of23.区分produce(vt,n)----product----production24. convert sth to/into sth 把某物转变为某物convert sb from···to···使某人从···改变到···25. cash crop 27.hybrid26. export(vt/n)出口（商品）,输出import(vt/n)进口（商品），输入28. replace(vt)----replacement(n)代替，替换replace sb/sth with/by·····用/以···代替，取代···=take one’s place= take the place of sb/sth=in one’s place=in place of sb/sth29. a large quantity oflarge quantities of 谓语动词由quantity 本身的数决定。
期中复习常考短语M4 Planes ships and trains常考短语远离__________ 离...近____________ 做公共汽车__________乘坐出租车____________ 乘坐地铁_____________ 和...一样_____________一直，不断地__________因为_______________小心________最舒服的方式_______________不要担心______________第二便宜的_________等待_________待在外面_____________常考句型What happened?He live the farthest from school, so he takes the underground.What’s the best way to get there?And it take you about twelve hours to get there.The more information, the better.常考单词Happen(1)sth +happened +地点/时间状语：表示某地或某时发生了事。
The story happened in 2012.(2)sth+happened+to sb: 表示某人出了某事 . A car accident happened to her this morning.(3)sb+happen(s)/happened+to do sth表示某人碰巧做某事=It happens/happened +that+从句I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.=It happened that I met a friend of mine in the street yesterday.2. except意为“除………之外”可用于句首/句He answered all the questions except the last one.Everyone except Adam went to the concert3. maybe /may be的区别：maybe放句首，may be放主语后面。
Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World1．attack vt.袭击；攻击；(疾病)侵袭n．攻击；袭击under attack受到攻击 a heart attack心脏病发作attack sb.with sth.用……攻击某人be attacked with a disease患病①一位妇女遭到一伙年轻人的袭击和抢劫。
A woman and robbed by a group of youths.②胖人很容易患心脏病。
The fat people are easy to suffer from a .③她开始用一块木头猛打进屋行窃的小偷。
She started the burglar a piece of wood. 2．frightening adj. 令人害怕的frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的frighten vt.使惊吓；惊恐；vi.惊吓fright n．惊吓；惊骇①Sorry，I didn't mean to you.②children were calling for their mothers.③It is even to think of the horrors of nuclear war.3．exist vi.存在；生存(不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态) existence n．存在；实有；生活；生活方式exist in在于……exist on＝live on靠……生存①这个问题不过是你的想象。
The problem only your head.②他靠吃米饭和水生活。
He rice and water.③我们不相信真有鬼。
We do not believe in the of ghosts.4．He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.(1)claim n．要求；主张，声称vt.声称；主张；要求；索赔；认领claim to do sth./that...声称/主张做……claim to have done sth.声称做过某事It is claimed that...有人主张……①他声称这完全不是他的错。
