牛津英语模块一Unit3重点词汇讲解

UNIT3 Looking good ,feeling good根底知识排查：Ⅰ.重点单词识记1．figure /′fIɡə(r)/n．体形；数字；人物2．work /wɜːk/v i.起作用,有效果,奏效3．contain /kən′teIn/ v t.包含,容纳；克制,抑制4．damage /′dæmIdʒ/ v t.损害,伤害；n.损害,伤害；(法院判定的)损害赔偿金(复数) 5．pressure /′preʃə(r)/ n．压力6．sadness /′sædnəs/ n．悲伤7．approximately /ə′prɒksImətlI/ ad v.大约8．properly /′prɒpəlI/ ad v.适当地9．count /kaʊnt/ v i.认为,算作；重要；v t.数数10．amount /ə′maʊnt/ n．数量11．loss /lɒs/ n．丧失,丧失,损失12．gain /ɡeIn/v．增加；获得,赢得；(钟表)快13．ashamed /ə′ʃeImd/ adj.惭愧的,羞愧的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的14．energetic /ˌenə′dʒetIk/ adj.精力充分的,充满活力的→energy n．能量；精力15．recover /rI′kʌvə(r)/ v i.复原,恢复健康；v t.重新获得,恢复→recovery n．恢复；痊愈16．failure /′feIljə(r)/ n．衰退,衰竭；失败；故障,失灵→fail v．失败；出故障,失灵；衰退17．treatment /′triːtmənt/ n．治疗；待遇；处理→treat v t.治疗；对待；款待18．attractive /ə′træktIv/ adj.有吸引力的,有魅力的→attract v t.吸引→attraction n．吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方；吸引,吸引力19．embarrassed /Im′bærəst/ adj.为难的,不好意思的,难为情的→embarrassing adj.令人为难的→embarrass v t.使为难,使难堪20．prefer /prI′fɜː(r)/v t.更喜欢→preference n．偏爱,偏好；喜爱21．suffer /′sʌfə(r)/ v t.&v i.受苦；遭受(磨难)→suffering n．疼痛；痛苦；折磨→sufferer n．患病者；受苦者22．affect /ə′fekt/ v t.影响；(疾病)使感染,侵袭；感动,打动→affection n．喜爱,钟爱23．achievement /ə′tʃiːvmənt/ n．成就→achieve v．获得24．including /In′kluːdIŋ/prep.包括→include v．包括25．equipment /I′kwIpmənt/ n．器材；设备→equip v t.配备,装备26．comfort /′kʌmfət/ n．抚慰；舒适；v t.抚慰→comfortable adj.舒适的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不自在的27．useless /′juːsləs/ adj.无用的,无效的→useful adj.有用的28．concentrate /′kɒnsntreIt/ v t.&v i.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注→concentration n．专心,专注1.slim：1)(人)苗条的；纤细的a slim figure/body/waist苗条的体形/ 身材；纤细的腰肢She was tall and slim.她是个瘦高个儿.2) 微薄的；缺乏的；少的；小的a slim chance of success成功的可能性不大2. figure n.数字；身材；体形；人物；v.计算；认为keep one ,s figure保持体形figure out弄懂；计算出Some people wonder how Lin Zhiling keeps her figure.一些人想知道林志玲是怎样保持身材的.I can ,t figure out why he quit his job.我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作.夯实根底写出以下句子中figure的汉语意思(1)She has a good figure. 身材(2)By 2021 ,this figure had risen to 14 million. 数字(3)Chairman Mao is an important political figure. 人物2. ashamed adj.惭愧的,羞愧的 feeling shame or embarrassment aboutbe ashamed of oneself for doing...某人做了某事而感到羞愧be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因惭愧而不情愿；羞于It ,s a shame that - - - - - -是令人遗憾的事I always feel ashamed whenever I see this.每次看到它我都感到羞愧 .It ,s a shame that she isn ,t here to see it.真可惜她不能在这儿亲自看看.She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.她对自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧.You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.你扯这种谎应该感到羞耻 .I'm ashamed to say that I lied to her.我真不好意思说我向她撒了谎.词义辨析shameful ,ashamed(1)shameful表示事物本身的客观性质是 "可耻的〞,可作表语或定语.(2)ashamed是 "感到羞耻的〞、 "觉得惭愧的〞意思,表示主语主观认为可耻的,只能作表语.夯实根底用shameful ,ashamed填空(1)We thought his behavior was shameful.(2)I ,m ashamed to leave you this way.3. recover vi.复原,恢复健康；vt.重新获得,恢复she would recover soon.看到她腿缠绷带躺在床上我们都很难过并希望她能尽快康复.夯实根底用所给词的适当形式填空(1)She soon recovered herself(she) and went on with her lecture.(2)The boy made a quick recovery_(recover) from his cold.4. failure n．衰退,衰竭；失败；故障,失灵；失败的人(事)All my efforts ended in failure .我的一切努力最|后都无济于事 .The cause of the crash was given as engine failure.撞车事故的原因被认定是发动机故障 .The whole thing was a complete failure.整个事情彻底失败了 .He was a failure as a teacher.他当教师并不成功 .He failed his driving test.他驾驶执照考试不及格 .夯实根底写出以下句中fail的汉语意思(1)If you don ,t work hard ,you may fail. 失败(2)He failed his driving test. 不及格(3)He never fails to write to his mother every week. 忘记(4)The crops failed because of drought. 歉收(5)My uncle ,s kidneys failed two days after the operation. 失灵5. contain v.包含,含有；容纳(hold)；控制,抑制(control)contain oneself控制自己This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精.a brown envelope containing dollar bills装有钞票的棕色信封The bottle contains ( = can hold) two litres.此瓶容量为两升.图解助记词义辨析include ,contain(1)include "包括〞 ,指一整体包含着各独立的局部 ,侧重被包含者只是整体中的一局部 .常用结构为include sth 包括：including sb./sth. 和 sb./sth. included(2)contain "包括〞 ,侧重 "整体内有〞 ,指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物 ,不用于进行时 .夯实根底用include ,contain的适当形式填空(1)This book contains all the information you need.(2)Our six-city tour included a visit to London.(3 )暴乱中有六人死亡,包括一名警察.Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.=Six people were killed in the riot, a policeman included.6.．damage n. & vt.损害；伤害；破坏[u] ~ (to sb/sth) damage to a person's reputation 对个人名誉的损害damage one ,s health 损害健康cause/do damage to对- - -伤害或破坏damage one's good name/reputation 毁坏名声cause/do damage to对……伤害/破The storm didn't do much damage .暴风雨并未造成严重损失.Smoking seriously damages your health.吸烟严重损害健康.He was ordered to pay damages totaling $30,000.他被责令支付总额3万美元的赔偿金.词义辨析damage ,destroy ,ruin(1)damage是程度较小的 "破坏,损坏〞,强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等 .一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复 .(2)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的 "破坏,毁坏〞,程度较深,强调 "毁坏〞的力度和彻底性；也可用于损坏抽象的东西,比方名誉、方案、努力、契约等 .(3)ruin亦指彻底毁掉,但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏,而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思；强调使某物失去优良的特性或特征.夯实根底用damage ,destroy ,ruin的适当形式填空After the Wenchuan earthquake ,many buildings were destroyed ,but the local people still repaired the damaged ones and rebuilt the new ones to keep their hometown from coming to ruin.7．diet n.节食；日常饮食；规定饮食 (为健康或减肥等目的 )vi节食；进规定饮食be/go on a diet节食put sb.on a diet控制某人的饮食a balanced diet均衡饮食a low -fat, salt -free diet低脂肪无盐的饮食Proper diet and exercise are both important for health.适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都很重要.The doctor advised him to go on a diet to lose weight.医生建议他节食减肥.夯实根底同义句改写She is dieting but she never seems to lose any weight.(用diet的名词短语改写句子)She_is_on_a_diet_but_she_never_seems_to_lose_any_weight.8. prefer v．更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)……prefer sb.to do...喜欢让某人做……prefer doing...to doing...＝prefer to do...rather than do...和……相比更喜欢做……have a preference for比拟喜欢……give (a) preference to sb/sth给…以优惠/优待in preference to sb/sth而不是Fluency in Chinese is preferred. 流利的汉语是首|选.I much prefer jazz to rock music. 我喜欢爵士乐远胜过摇滚乐.I prefer not to think about it. 我不想考虑此事.I prefer playing in defence. 我喜欢打防守 .Would you prefer me to stay? 你愿意我留下来吗?I would prefer that you did not mention my name. 我希望你不要说出我的名字.I prefer doing practical exercise to working at grammar.相比学习语法,我更倾向于做实际的练习.She was chosen in preference to her sister. 她被选中了,而不是她妹妹同义句改写She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(1)She_preferred_going_with_us_to_staying_behind.(用prefer doing to doing改写句子)(2)She_would_rather_go_with_us_than_stay_behind.(用would rather do...than do改写句子)(3)She_would_go_with_us_rather_than_stay_behind.(用would do rather than do改写句子)9. suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 ,受难 ,受折磨(to be badly affected)；遭受 ,经受(experience)；得……病suffer sth:遭受 ,蒙受 - - - suffer fromsth受……折磨；患……病;经历 - - -He suffered a massive heart attack. 他的心脏病发作很严重.He suffers from asthma. 他患有哮喘.辨析：suffer:指一般的损害痛苦等.后常接pain/defeat/lossses/the result/hardshipsuffer from:指长期的或习惯性的痛苦或困难.常接hunger/fever/disease/stomachs/flood等作宾语.suffering n. [U]疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难sufferings [复数]痛苦；苦恼;让人痛苦的事特别提醒suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态.夯实根底用suffer的适当形式填空(1)After the flooding ,people were_suffering in that area ,who urgently needed cleanwater ,medicine and shelter to survive.(2)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins ,the city tookon a new look.10. affect v.影响(influence)；打动；侵袭,使感染(attack)be affected with high fever发高烧affect sb.to tears把某人感动得流泪Your opinion will not affect my decision. 你的意见不会影响我的决定.She was deeply affected by the news of his death. 他去世的消息使她深感悲哀.effect n.影响；效果,作用side effect 副作用have an effect on/upon 对……有影响bring/put sth into effect 使生效；实行；实施come into effect: 生效；开始实施take effect: (药等)见效；(法律等)生效The recommendations will soon be put into effect. 这些建议即将付诸实施.New controls come into effect next month. 下月开始实施新的管制措施.The aspirins soon take effect. 阿司匹林药片很快见效.The new law takes effect from tomorrow. 新法令明日起生效.夯实根底用effect ,affect的适当形式填空The drug didn ,t affect his health；in fact ,it seemed to have no effect at all.11. equipment n.器材；设备；装备equip...with...用……装备……equip sb.for (doing)(做)某事而准备We equip our children with a good education.我们使孩子们受到良好的教育.Your education will equip you to earn a good living.你所受的教育会使你过上富裕的生活.夯实根底用适当的介词填空(1)They equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.(2)She was fully equipped for the climbing.(3)Your education will equip you for your future life.count...in把……包括在内,count...out不括count on/upon (＝depend/rely on/upon)依赖,依靠……count up (＝add up)把……加起来I count him as my closest friend.我把他看作我最|亲密的朋友.If you are going out tonight you ,ll have to count me out.假设你们今晚要出去 ,就别把我算在内 .Every point in this game counts. 这场比赛每一分都很重要 .夯实根底用适当的介、副词填空(1)I ,m counting on you to help me.(2) That was the likeliest outcome and ,on balance ,it would count as a success.(3)Will you please count up these figures for me?注意力、思想等；全神贯注~ (sth) (on sth/on doing sth)集中注意力于,专注于:~ one's mind/attention/thoughts/efforts on:focus/fix one ,s attention on sthput one ,s heart into sthput/set/turn one's mind to sth | set one's mind on sth集中精力做；下决心做be absorbed in/be lost in专心于……I can ,t concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.有噪音我不能集中精力学习.We must concentrate our attention on improving education.我们必须致力于改良教育工作.夯实根底用适当的介词填空(1)It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.(2)Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.(3)She is absorbed in music.14. loss n.丧失,丧失,损失；亏损at a loss不知所措,困惑,lose v.丧失；损失,丧失lose face丢脸lose weight减肥lost adj.丧失的,丧失的；迷失的be lost in陷入……He was at a loss what to do.他对做什么不知所措.He is afraid of making mistakes and losing face in public.他害怕出错在公众面前丢脸.夯实根底用lose的适当形式填空(1)However hard you try ,it is difficult to_lose weight without cutting down the amount youeat.(2)Today we have chat rooms ,text messaging ,emailing...but we seem to_be_losing the art ofcommunicating face-to-face.(3)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for words.(4)Listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers.Ⅰ.单项填空1．The present situation is very complex ,so I think it will take me some time to________ its reality.A．make up B．figure outC．look through D．put off答案 B解析句意为：现在的情形太复杂了,所以我要花点时间弄清楚真实情况.make up组成,弥补；look through看穿,浏览；put off推迟；figure out想出来,弄清楚,B项符合题意. 2．He was________ of having asked such a silly question.A．sorry B．guiltyC．ashamed D．miserable答案 C解析句意为：问了这么一个傻的问题,他感到很害羞.be ashamed of doing sth.羞于做了某事,符合题意.sorry后常接for和about；guilty后常接about ,表示 "有罪的〞；miserable 后接介词from或with ,意为 "痛苦的〞.3．Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but________ slightly in the afternoon.A．recovered B．restoredC．regained D．retained答案 A解析recover恢复,复苏.句意为：股市的股价上午暴跌,下午又略有上升.restore和regain都表示 "恢复〞,但都是及物动词；retain保存,保持.4．Little Johnny felt the bag ,curious to know what it________.A．collected B．containedC．loaded D．saved答案 B解析句意为：小约翰摸了一下袋子,想知道里面装着什么东西.collect收集；contain 含有,装有；load装载；save节省.由句意知选B项 .5．He prefers________ indoors________ out this afternoon.A．to stay；to go B．staying；to goingC．staying；to go D．to stay；to going答案 B解析考查固定结构prefer doing to doing... .6．-It is reported that the government has lightened the burden on the students.-Oh ,today we are still________ from heavy school work ,________ at preparing us for the entrance examination.A．suffering；aimed B．suffered；aimedC．suffered；aiming D．suffering；aiming答案 D解析……；aiming at...为现在分词短语作伴随状语,意为 "打算,目的在于……〞. 7．Your education will________ you to earn a good living.Work hard from now on.A．associate B．equipC．relate D．feed答案 B解析句意为：你所受的教育会使你过上富裕的生活.从现在开始努力学习吧.associate使联合(系)；relate适应,使相互关联；feed喂养.equip使有能力,符合语境.8．You ,re late but you ,re here and that ,s what________.A．expects B．countsC．hopes D．required答案 B解析句意为：你迟到了,但你毕竟来了,这才是最|重要的.count重要,符合题意.如用A、C、D项,那么用被动语态.9．If you don ,t understand everything the tape says ,just________ on the words you can understand.A．fix B．putC．work D．concentrate答案 D解析由句意 "仅仅集中精力听你能听明白的单词〞可知,应选D项.fix为及物动词,后应接宾语.10．After the collision ,he examined the considerable________ to his car.A．ruin B．destructionC．damage D．injury答案 C解析句意为：撞车后,他检查了车子受的严重损害 .四个选项都有 "破坏〞之意.ruin指 "消灭,崩溃；毁坏〞,程度很深；destruction摧毁,消灭；damage指 "使质量受损害,破坏〞,意味着损坏后质量或价值降低；injury主要指 "对人、动物躯体的局部伤害〞,也可指 "对名声、感情的伤害〞.Ⅱ.汉译英1．在我的细心照料下,母亲很快就康复了.(recover) (2021·北京·书面表达) With_my_special_care ,my_mother_recovered_quickly.2．我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏.(suffer) (2021·江苏·书面表达) Our_earth_is_suffering_severe_damage.3．林肯被认为是世|界上最|鼓舞人心的人物之一.(figure) (2021·浙江·书面表达) Lincoln_is_regarded_as_one_of_the_most_inspiring_figures_in_the_world.4．毕竟,所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评.(prefer to do...rather than do...)(2021·广东·读写任务) After_all ,all_kids_prefer_to_be_praised_rather_than_be_scolded.1. work out锻炼；理解,弄懂(understand)；计算(calculate)；详细拟定；解决问题(solve)；结果是work on从事……；继续……work at从事,致力于……work as充当,作为……而工作at/out of work在工作/失业我们本想中午前完成任务,但结果并没像方案的那样.She is working on a new book.她正在忙着写一本新书.词义辨析work on ,work at(1)work on意为 "从事某项工作〞,其后的名词是表示具体的人或事,即指说服某人或完善、完成某事,另外,work on还有 "继续工作〞之意.(2)work at意为 "学习,研究,致力于〞,其后的宾语常是problem ,physics等.夯实根底用work on ,work at填空(1)After a short rest ,they worked_on.(2)If you work hard at English ,you ,ll make progress soon.(3)He hasn , ,m still working_on him.2. get into shape强身健体in the shape of以……形状in (good) shape身体状况好out of shape身体不佳；变形的take shape成形She ,s in good shape after months of training.她经过几个月训练身体好了.夯实根底完成句子(1)Tim is in_good_shape (身体状况好)physically even though he doesn ,t get much exercise.(2)We came out into a room in_the_shape_of(以……的形状) a star.(3)I get tired easily.I must be out_of_shape(身体不佳)．Ⅰ.单项填空1．To deal with the global financial crisis ,China has______ a string of forceful measures over the past months.A．worked out B．found outC．turned out D．made out答案 A解析句意为：为了应对全球经济危机,在过去的几个月里,中国已制定出一系列强有力的措施.work out制定出,符合句意.2．The old man ,the hair of whom has________ ,made great contributions to the development of the local economy in the 1970s.A．fallen over B．fallen outC．gone out D．picked out答案 B解析句意为：这位老人,他的头发已脱落,对20世纪70年代当地的经济开展做出了重大奉献.fall out(头发等)脱落；fall over跌倒；go out熄灭；pick out拣出 .3．Mr.Bell pretended to be very poor.________ ,he was a millionaire.A．Anyway B．AnyhowC．As a matter of fact D．Although答案 C解析句意为：贝尔先生假装很穷,事实上,他是一个百万富翁.as a matter of fact事实上,实际上,符合句意.Ⅱ.汉译英我长期慢跑锻炼身体.(get into shape)I ,ve_been_jogging_a_lot_to_get_myself_into_shape.1. I think you look great as you are ,and you ,re a wonderful person.我觉得你目前这个样子看上去就很棒,而且你是一个非常优秀的人.句型公式：as引导方式状语从句as引导的从句类型：(1)引导方式状语从句,意为 "按照,如同〞.(2)引导时间状语从句,意为 "当……时候；一边……一边……；随着〞.(3)引导原因状语从句,意为 "因为；既然〞.(4)引导让步状语从句,意为 "尽管〞.(5)引导定语从句,意为 "正如〞.soon turned into a huge dustbin.如果所有到仙女湖的游客都像这对夫妇那样做,那么湖会被严重污染,而且很快就会变成一个大垃圾箱. (2021·福建·书面表达) 夯实根底用as完成句子(1)Young_as_he_is_(尽管他年轻) ,he has travelled to many countries.(2)They sang songs as_they_were_doing_farm_work(当他们做农活时)．(3)When in Rome ,do_as_the_Romans_do(入乡随俗)．(4)As_is_known_to_us_all_(众所周知) ,the earth goes around the sun.2. Walking and riding your bike count ,and so do school sports.步行和骑自行车就算,校内体育活动也算.句型公式：so＋助动词＋主语(1) "so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语〞表示上文所述的肯定情况也适用于另一个人或物,意为"……也一样〞.(2) "so＋主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词〞表示同意上述所述内容,意为 "确实如此, 确实如此〞.(3) "neither/nor ＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语〞表示上文的否认情况也适用于后者,意为"……也不……〞.(4)如果表示前面两件事或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时,那么需要用So it is/was with...或It is/was the same with... .He has finished his homework ,and so have I.他完成了作业,我也完成了.Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States.So it was with Jane./It was the same with Jane.玛丽在澳大利亚出生,在美国居住.简也是.夯实根底完成句子(1) -He works very hard.-So_he_does(他确实如此) ,and so_do_I(我也一样)．(2)She doesn ,t like them and nor_does_Jeff(Jeff也不喜欢他们)．Ⅰ.单项填空1．He refuses to spend time with us or do ________ we tell him.A．if B．as ifC．as D．that答案 C解析as引导方式状语从句,意为 "照……方式〞.2．The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running ,________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.A．who B．that C．as D．which答案 D解析考查which引导非限制性定语从句.which在从句中作主语.在限制性定语从句中,表示物时,既可以用that也可以用which引导.但在非限制性定语从句中只能用which引导.3．-I reminded you not to forget the appointment.-________.But I did forget.A．So did you B．So you didC．So I did D．So do I答案 B解析答语句意为：你确实提醒我了,但我确实忘了.So you did用来表示对前面的情况予以肯定.Ⅱ.汉译英因为我有许多有趣的事情可做,所以最|终我喜欢上了学校生活.(as)(2021·广东·读写任务) As_I_had_a_lot_of_interesting_things_to_do ,I_finally_enjoyed_my_school_life.1．There is no simple answer ,________is often the case in science. (2021·山东,31) A．as B．that C．when D．where答案 A解析考查as引导的非限制性定语从句.as引导非限制性定语从句,可以指代前面提到的整句话.所以答案为A项.2．-Why ,this is nothing but common vegetable soup!,s our soup of the day. (2021·新课标全国Ⅰ ,21)A．Let me see B．So it isC．Don ,t mention it D．Neither do I答案 B解析考查情景交际.句意为：- -怎么只是普通的蔬菜汤啊! - -确实如此,夫人.这是我们今天的例汤.So it is表示 "确实如此〞,符合语境.Let me see让我来看看；Don ,t mention it别提了；Neither do I我也不.3．-I don ,t know about you ,but I ,m sick and tired of this weather.-________.I can ,t stand all this rain. (2021·山东,31)A．I don ,t care B．It ,s hard to sayC．So am I D．I hope so答案 C解析句意为：- -我不知道你怎么样,不过我对这样的天气厌烦透了. - -我也是.我受不了整天阴雨连绵.由题干中的关键信息 "I can ,t stand all this rain.〞可知答话者对前一个人对天气的抱怨持相同的看法,应选C项,相当于：I,m also sick and tired of this weather. .A项表示 "我不在乎〞；B项表示 "很难说〞；D项表示 "我希望如此〞,均不符合语境.4．We used to see each other ________ ,but I haven ,t heard from him since last year.(2021·辽宁,22) A．especially B．regularlyC．particularly D．approximately答案 B解析especially特别地,专门地；regularly经常,定期地,表示频率；particularly特别,尤其；approximately近似地,大约.此题的关键信息是but ,haven,t heard from ,since last year ,这说明我们过去是 "经常〞见面的.句意为：我们过去时常见面,但是自从去年以来我就没了他的音讯.5．That evening ,________ I will tell you more about later ,I ended up working very late.(2021·大纲全国Ⅱ ,8) A．that B．whichC．what D．when答案 B解析句意为：那天晚上我一直工作到很晚,我过后会告诉你关于那晚更详细的情况.此题中两个逗号之间的局部是一个非限制性定语从句,关系代词which代替先行词that evening .解答此题的关键是能够正确分析句子结构 .that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句；when在从句中作状语,不能作宾语.6．You can ,t predict everything.Often things don ,t________ as you expect.(2021·江西,35) A．run out B．break outC．work out D．put out答案 C解析句意为：你不能预料一切,事情常常不按你预期的那样开展.run out用完,用尽；break out爆发；work out算出,做出,制订出,发生,开展；put out熄灭 .根据句意知选C项 .7．The school isn ,t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I ,ll just have to________it.(2021·浙江,6) A．make the best of B．get away fromC．keep an eye on D．catch up with答案 A解析句意为：这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校,但是我想我正好要________它.make the best of充分利用；get away from逃离；keep an eye on照看,留神；catch up with 赶上.结合句意可知A项适宜.。

U3 重点词汇讲解1.destroy (destroyed, destroyed)v. 破坏注意该词与ruin, damage 等词的区别：destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。

ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性；也可用于引申意义，特指抽象意义中珍贵美好的事物。

如 ruin one’s future, ruin one’s career。

该词做名词时，注意下列搭配：fall into ruin (崩溃)，be in ruins (在废墟中)。

damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果，但仍可修复。

可用作名词，常用词组do/cause damage to。

例如：(1) The building was completely destroyed by the fire. 大火完全毁掉了这幢大楼。

(2) The repairman tried to repair the car which was damaged in an accident.修理工试图修复在事故中被损坏的车子。

(3) The earthquake did a lot of damage to t h e city. 地震对城市造成了巨大的损失。

(4) It rained for 3 days, which ruined my holiday. 雨下了三天，把我的假期毁掉了2. remains1) n. 剩余物(1) She fed the remains of her di nner to the cat. 她用剩余的饭菜喂猫。

同时，该词还能表示“遗址”和“遗体”。

例如：(2) The archeologist discovered the remains of an ancient culture.考古学家发现了一处古文明遗址。

(3) His remains were buried in Westminster. 他的遗体被安放在威斯敏斯特大教堂。

UNIT 3 THE WORLD ONLINEWelcome to the unit1.We use the net to cross barriers and connect cultures.2.Read a blog post3.Hold a debate about ....4.There are many milestones in the development of the internet.5.These scientists used the webcam to see from their desks whether the pot was empty to avoid wasted trips for coffee.6.The creator was inspired by comics.7.Emojis took off throughout the world.1.take off起飞;脱掉;(短时内)成功8.Which inventions are used most frequently.Readingthe internet: a world without frontiers1.The internet is a technological wonder, bringing about far-reaching changes in all aspects of our lives.2.The internet has the power to connect people across the world to a single shared community.3.Billions of people have joined it, and obviously many more will follow.4.The internet enables people to reach beyond their villages and get in touch with the outside world.5.with access to the internet come some truly life-changing advantages.accessible adj.可使用的;可接触的;可到达的;易理解的→access n.入口,通道,利用/接近……的权利或机会完全倒装的用法6.One of the greatest advantages lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.7.To a certain extent, the world’s knowledge is all at our fingers.To some extent= to an extentAt sb’s fingertips 随时可供使用；了如指掌8.With the click of a a mouse or the touch of a button, it is possible to find out anything we care to know, from recipes to travel packages, from military affairs to learning resources.9.In the time it takes to find one book in the library, we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results.10.No wonder the internet has become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.majority n. 多数，大多数→major adj. 主要的；n. 专业；v. 主修→minority n. 少数民族；少数in a/the majority占大多数a/the majority of大多数……by/with a majority of以大多数……major adj.主要的；v.主修；n.专业major in...主修……minority n.少数in the minority占少数温馨贴士】majority通常与定冠词连用，后接“of＋复数名词/代词”，表示“……的大多数”，即the majority of＋n. (pl.)/pron.，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

1.mine [maɪn] pron.我的o例句：That book is mine. 那本书是我的。

2.nothing [nʌθɪŋ] pron.没有什么o固定搭配：for nothing 免费；徒然o例句：He has nothing to fear. 他没有什么可害怕的。

3.wait a minute [weɪt əmɪnɪt] 等一会儿=just a momento例句：Wait a minute, I'll be right back. 等一下，我马上回来。

4.yuan [jʊɑːn] n.元（人民币单位）o例句：The price is 100 yuan. 价格是100元。

5.tin [tɪn] n.罐，听a tin of 一听...o例句：Can you open this tin of tuna? 你能打开这罐金枪鱼吗？6.pizza [piːtsə] n.比萨饼o例句：I love pizza with lots of cheese. 我喜欢有很多奶酪的比萨饼。

7.exchange student [ɪks tʃeɪndʒ stjuːdənt] n.交流学生an exchangestudento例句：He is an exchange student from France. 他是来自法国的交流学生。

8.quiet [kwaɪət] adj.安静的；寂静的o固定搭配：keep quiet 保持安静o例句：The library is very quiet. 图书馆很安静。

9.air [eə] n.空气，大气o固定搭配：fresh air 新鲜空气o例句：We need clean air to breathe. 我们需要干净的空气来呼吸。

10.fresh [freʃ] adj.新鲜的fresh air新鲜空气o例句：I like fresh fruits and vegetables. 我喜欢新鲜的水果和蔬菜。

Unit 3 Robots重点知识+语法讲解Wele to the unit1. I’m plaining about you to the robot shop. 我正在向机器人商店投诉你。

plain作动词，意为“抱怨，投诉，发牢骚”,它的名词形式是plaint，意为“投诉，埋怨”。

plain to sb. 向某人抱怨plain about/of sth. 抱怨某事Mr Green is writing a letter. （plain）2. I don’t know when I’ll post the letter for you. 我不知道什么时候给你寄信。

post sb. sth. =post sth. to sb. 寄某样东西给某人3. Would robots have brains in the future, Daniel? 丹尼尔，在未来机器人会有脑子吗？in the future意为“在将来，在未来”。

通常指将来的某一段时间，常用于将来时态。

in future 表示“今后，以后”，一般指从现在开始往后的时间，常指离现在较近的一段将来的时间；多用在表示提醒或者警告的句子中。

Don’t be late in future. 今后不要迟到了。

You’d better not go out alone in future. 今后最好别单独外出。

4. That sounds useful.sound 1)系动词，意为“听起来” ，sound like意为“听起来像”The music sounds good.2)名词，意为“声音”The sound of music made her happy.5. Could robots help you and me in any way？【way的搭配】in a way 从某种意义上说in some ways 在某些方面in the way 挡路in this way 用这种方式on one’s way to 去...的路上by the way 顺便说一下6. I’d like to have one.Reading1. He is always too busy to have any time to relax. 他总是忙得没有时间放松。

牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit3语法重点总结一、一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense)- 表示经常性的动作、惯或事实- 常用的时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, everyday/week/month/year二、一般过去时 (Simple Past Tense)- 表示过去发生的动作或状态- 常用的时间状语：yesterday, last week/month/year, in 2010, etc.三、现在进行时 (Present Continuous Tense)- 表示现在正在进行的动作- 结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词的现在分词 (-ing)- 常用的时间状语：now, at the moment, currently, etc.四、过去进行时 (Past Continuous Tense)- 表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作- 结构：主语 + was/were + 动词的现在分词 (-ing)- 常用的时间状语：at that time, while, etc.五、一般将来时 (Simple Future Tense)- 表示将来发生的动作或情况- 结构：主语 + will + 动词原形- 常用的时间状语：tomorrow, next week/month/year, in the future, etc.六、现在完成时 (Present Perfect Tense)- 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果- 结构：主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词- 常用的时间状语：already, yet, so far, recently, etc.七、过去完成时 (Past Perfect Tense)- 表示过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作- 结构：主语 + had + 动词的过去分词- 常用的时间状语：before, after, by the time, etc.八、将来完成时 (Future Perfect Tense)- 表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作- 结构：主语 + will have + 动词的过去分词- 常用的时间状语：by next week/month/year, etc.九、情态动词 (Modal Verbs)- 表示能力、可能性、允许性、必要性等- 常用的情态动词：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, ought to, will, would以上是牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit 3的语法重点总结。

牛津译林版九年级英语上册9 A Unit 3 知识梳理一、重点单词：1. mad adj. 发疯的，生气的2.disturb vt. 打扰，扰乱disturbed adj.munication n. 交流，交际communicate v.4.deal vi. 对付，处理dealt(过去式)5.choice n. 选择choose v.plete vt. 完成7.refuse vi. vt. 拒绝，不愿8.accept vt. 接受9. hardly adv. 几乎不10.spare adj. 空闲的，多余的vt. 留出，匀出11ping-pong n. =table tennis 乒乓球运动12. doubt vt. n. 怀疑13. whether conj. 是否=if 14. worth adj. 值得15.offer vt. 主动提出，提供，n. 主动提议，减价16.suggestion n. 建议suggest v.17. value n. 用途，积极作用，价值valuable adj. 宝贵的，很有用的，贵重的18.plenty n. 大量，充足19.allow vt. 允许20. strict adj. 严格的，严厉的21. achieve vt. 获得achievement n.22. task n. 任务，工作23. either adv. pron. （否）也，二者之一24. courage n. 勇气25.truth n. 事实，真理true adj. 26. notice vt. 注意，察觉27. progress n. 进步28.youth worker 青少年辅导员29.reply vi. n. 答复，回答30.pleasure n. 高兴，乐意please v. pleased adj. pleasing adj.31. spelling n. 拼写spell v. 32.suffer vi. （因疾病，磨难等）受苦，受难33. though conj. 虽然，尽管34. cause n. 原因二、重点短语1. get fat 发胖2. feel tired 感到累3. feel lonely 感到孤独4.drive me mad 把我逼疯5.deal with 处理6. stay up late 熬夜7. hand in上交8.on time 及时9.hear from 收到…的来信10.be of great value有极大的价值11.be crazy about 对…着迷12.plenty of 大量的，许多13.stay out late 在外迟14.from time to time 有时，不时的15.allow sb to do sth 允许16.achieve a balance between …and 在…和…之间达到平衡17.get/take a bus上公车18.get/become angry 生气19.get/achieve a high mark 得高分20.get /have a lot of homework有许多作业21.get/arrive home late 到家迟22.get/receive a letter收到一封信23.a lot of traffic交通拥挤24.revise for tests为了测试复习25.tell ab the truth实话相告26.quarrel with与…争吵27.spare some time for sb匀一些时间给…28.care only about marks只关心成绩29.the top student尖子生30.share your problems with sb和…分担你的烦恼31.pay no attention to不在意…ugh at嘲笑33.be proud of为…自豪34.reply to 给…回复35.suffer from stress 承受着压力36.make a list of 列出…的目录37.shout at对…大叫38.keep quiet 保持安静39.feel bad about sth对…感到伤心40.keep your worries to yourself把忧伤留给自己41.make me laugh 让我笑42.all day 整天43.have close friends有亲密的朋友44.be on开着、进行着45.give sb advice on sth在某方面给某人建议46.feel bad about感觉……不好47.offer sb sth/offer sth. to sb向某人提供某物48.offer to do sth.主动愿意做某事49.be strict with sb对某人严格50.feel stressed 感到有压力的51.have sb’s support 得到某人的支持52.wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事53.succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事54.stop doing sth停止做某事55.stop to do sth停下来做另一件事56.an hour or two一、两个小时57.mark the tests 阅卷58.write to sb给某人写信59.for a while一会儿60.be good at擅长、善于61.be weak in在……方面差62.try one’s best （to do sth）尽某人最大的努力（做某事）63.thank sb for doing sth感谢某人做某事64.ask sb for advice 向某人征询意见65.ask sb for help.先某人求助66.Why don’t you do sth?你为什么不做某事呢？67.Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事呢？68.cause of stress 产生压力的原因三、重点句子及句型：1.It’s unhealthy for you to eat too much. 对于你吃太多是不健康的。

译林版八上U3知识点总结e on. Hobo. 来吧,霍波。

解析：come on意为“来吧，赶快"，表示催促。

如：➢ Come on! The bus is leaving.快点儿！公交车就要开走了。

扩展：come on还可以表示“挑战、命令、恳求、激励别人、给别人助威等”。

如：➢ Come on, and see with your own eyes!跟我来，你亲眼看看吧!➢ Come on! You can do it!没问题!你能行!➢ Come on! Come on!加油!加油!2.Let's enjoy ourselves! 让我们尽情享受吧!解析：enjoy oneself意为“玩得愉快,过得开心”,相当于have a good time/have fun。

如：➢ We enjoyed ourselves at the top of the mountain.= We had a good time at the top of the mountain.我们在山顶上玩得很愉快。

提醒：使用enjoy oneself短语时，enjoy后的反身代词在人称上要与enjoy前的主语保持致。

3.Take care! 保重!解析：take care，动词短语，意为“保重"，常用于向朋友或家人道别。

如：➢ Take care, my son. 保重，我的儿子。

拓展：take care还可表示“当心；注意”，相当于look out或be careful。

如：➢ Take care! The ice is thin. 当心！冰很薄。

4.We're going to the top of the Eiffel Tower this afternoon!今天下午我们要登上埃菲尔铁塔啦!解析：top，名词，意为“顶部，(物体的)上面”。

the top of意为“....的顶部”。

学员编号：年级：课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型TM1U3（牛津5上）基础知识梳理教学目标1、使学生能够基本掌握牛津5年级上册Module1Unit3中的基础词汇及重要句型；2、使学生掌握M1U3学习的音标和自然拼读星级★★★授课日期及时段T同步-M1U3基础知识梳理（建议2-5分钟）The Death of the FlyMr. Smith: Waiter, there's a dead fly in my soup.Waiter: Yes, sir, I know---it's the heat that kills it.苍蝇之死史密斯先生：服务员，我的汤里有一只死苍蝇．服务员：是的，先生，我知道了，它是被烫死的．批注：上面的小故事是一个比较搞笑的脑筋急转弯，主要目的是通过小故事把学生带入本次课堂，且导出今天的课程---先不要给学生讲服务员最后说了什么，要求学生学完课本之后再给告诉学生服务员听到顾客的话之后说了什么！把悬念留到最后…（建议20-25分钟）想知道这个服务生面对顾客的抱怨说了什么吗？要解开谜底就要先闯关哦！单词关，我来了！一、词汇Words1. （be ）afraid of 害怕，担忧e.g. But he is afraid of flying. 但是他恐惧飞行。

She is afraid of snakes. 她怕蛇。

He is afraid of going out alone at night. 他害怕夜里一人出门。

【知识拓展】be afraid 表示“害怕的，担忧的”批注：afraid是一个形容词，表示“害怕的，担忧的”。

如果只是表达我很害怕或担忧，而并未明确对象时，只需说I’m afraid. 不需要加of，可通过例句引导学生。

2. dream n. 梦想，梦e.g. What' s your job now and what's your dream job ?你现在的工作是什么，你梦想的工作是什么？3. farmer n . 农民e.g. Lucy’s father is a farmer. 露西的爸爸是一个农民。