（英语）初中英语现在完成时解析版汇编含解析
一、初中英语现在完成时
1．He has studied in our school __________.
A. since five years
B. for five years
C. for five years ago
D. in five years
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：他已经在我们学校学习五年了。has studied是现在完成时，和for+段时间连用，since+过去时间和现在完成时连用，in+段时间和一般将来时连用，故选B。
【点评】考查时间状语。根据句意选出正确的时间状语。
2．—How long can I _________ this book?
—Five days. But you must return it on time.
A. borrow
B. lend
C. keep
D. kept
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：——我能保留这本书多长时间？——五天。但是你一定要按时归还它。A,borrow借，瞬间性动词；B, lend接，是瞬间性动词；C,keep保留，是延续性动词；D,kept是过去式。此处与how long连用，故此处用延续性动词，位于情态动词can之后，故用动词原形keep，故选C。
【点评】本题考查延续性动词。以及borrow，lend，keep，kept四个词的词义和用法。3．— Where is your uncle? I haven't seen him for a long time.
— He _______ Beijing for about half a year. He moved there in January.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. has arrived in
D. has been in
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】考查延续与非延续性动词。根据for about half a year是一段时间，排除非延续性动词A、B、C这三个选项，故选D。
4．My parents for twenty years by the time I was 15.
A. married
B. had married
C. had been married
D. had got married
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】for twenty years“二十年”．为表一段时间的状语，要求谓语动词具有持续性。而在所给选项中，只有be married表示结婚状态，具有延续性，故选C。
【点评】本题考查非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换。
5．—They say there is a new restaurant near here.
—Yes, and it ______ for more than a week.
A. has been open
B. open
C. is opening
D. opens
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——他们说在这附近有一个新的餐馆。——是的，它已经开了一个多星期了。根据 for more than a week ，可知用现在完成时，have/has been done，故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时，注意识记其标志词。
6．—Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.
—She Wuhan. She'll be back next week.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. have gone to
D. have been to
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——Catherine在哪里？我好几天没见她。——她已经去武汉了。她将下周回来。主语是she，所以用has，排除C、D。A.已经去了某地，在去的路上，还没有回来；B.已经去过某地，表示去了某地，并且回来了。根据She'll be back next week.她下周回来可知现在还没有回来，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意平时识记其区别，理解句意。
7．The small shop ________ for several years.
A. opened
B. has been opened
C. has opened
D. has been open
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】open是非延续性动词，和表示一段时间的时间状语连用必须转化为延续性动词be open.根据句意，本句应用现在完成时态，故选D。
【点评】考查open转化为be open, be open里的open是形容词，不能加ed.. 8．Mr．Fan in 2005．In other words，he for 9 years till now．
A. got married；has been married
B. married；had been married
C. got married；had been married
D. married；got married
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】首先第一空表述的是一个发生在2005年（即过去）的一个动作，所以为一般过去时，其次 married 后面要接宾语，get married 表示的是短暂性动作，所以应填get married. 第二空由“till now”可知表示的是从过去直到现在的一种状态即为现在完成时，此处married做形容词“已婚的”故填“has been married”,故选A.
【点评】此题考查了动词时态问题，同时也考查了“get married”和“married ”的区别。
9．All the students _______ very hard over the last three years.
A. works
B. has worked
C. have worked
D. worked
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】Over the last three years, 用于现在完成时，又由于主语是复数，故选C。【点评】现在完成时的时间状语要掌握。
10．— Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia.
— Oh, that's why I can't find them now.
A. have gone to
B. have been to
C. has gone to
D. has been to
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】考查主谓一致。句意：——侯博和埃迪去了电影院看电影《疯狂动物城》。——哦，这就是为什么我现在找不到他们的原因。have gone to去了；been to去过。Hobo and Eddie作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。所以选A。
11．The Greens many places of interest since two years ago.
A. has visited
B. have visited
C. visited
D. will visit
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:自两年前开始，格林一家参观了许多名胜。since引出的时间状语从句，强调主句谓语从过去某时一直延续到现在，主句用现在完成时态，the Greens格林一家，表示复数含义，作主语，谓语用复数形式。故选B。
12．Great changes in my hometown in the last few years.
A. took place
B. will take place
C. have taken place
D. have been taken place 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：过去几年我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。in the last few years意为“在过去的几年里”,用于现在完成时;take place“发生”没有被动语态。故答案选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
13．This museum here for over 80 years. It one of the oldest buildings in this city.
A. is; was
B. had been; is
C. was; has been
D. has been; is
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。句意：博物馆在这儿有八十多年了。它是这座城市最古老的建筑之一。前句表示从过去一直延续到现在的状态，用现在完成时态；后句表示的
是现在的状态，用一般现在时态。故选D。
14．All the skirts .They very well.
A. sold out;are sold
B. sell out;have sold
C. have been sold out;sell
D. have sold out;sell
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。
【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。15．He ________ for ten years.
A. has been married
B. married
C. got married
D. had married
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:他结婚十年了。根据句意可知是从过去持续到现在的动作，应该用现在完成时。故选A。
16．Mike began to work in the factory in 2013．He there for four years．
A. is working
B. was working
C. works
D. has worked
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：迈克在这里工作已经4年了。一直持续的状态用现在完成时。故D选项正确。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
17．—What about watching the movie Big Fish tomorrow?
—Oh, I it already．
A. watch
B. have watched
C. will watch
D. am watching
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】明天去看电影大鱼怎么样？哦，我已经看过了。already是完成时的标志，故选B。
【点评】联系句意，注意辨析关键的词语，来判断所填之词。
18．The old city_______ a lot since ten years ago.
A. changed
B. changes
C. change
D. has changed
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】这个老城市已经发生了太多改变自从十年前。已经发生的用完成时。
【点评】考查时态的用法。
19．-- What a nice watch! How long you it?
-- For just two weeks.
A. will; buy
B. have; had
C. were; having
D. did; buy
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：“多好的一块表啊!你买了多久了?" “刚刚两周。”根据句意可知用现在完成时，buy是瞬间动词. 不可与how long连用，故排除选项A、D：选项C是过去进行时，不符合题意。故选B项。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
20．Jackson school two years ago and he for two years.
A. leaves; has gone
B. left; has been away
C. leaves; has been away
D. left; has gone 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：Jackson两年前离开学校，他离开已经两年了。根据“two years ago”可知，第一空应用一般过去时；根据“for two years”可知，第二空应用现在完成时，且动词要用延续性动词，故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态。
21．The new supermarket in our town _______ for two weeks, but I _______ there yet .
A. has opened; haven't gone
B. has been open; haven't been
C. has been open; haven't gone
D. has opened; haven't been
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们城镇的新超市已经开业2周了，但是我还没有去过。根据for two weeks可知，谓语动词必须是持续性动词或表示状态的词； has opened这里强调的是动词，open是非持续性动词，不能与时间段连用，故排除AD；has been open这里open是形容词，可以与时间段连用；这里第二空表示没有去过应该用haven't been。have been表示去过某地；have gone表示去了还没有回来。根据句意故用haven't been。故选
B。
22． you ever______ the Palace Museum?
A. Were：Visiting
B. Will；visit
C. Have；visited
D. Are；visiting 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：你去参观过故宫吗。ever一般永远现在完成时的疑问句中，只有C选项是完成时态，故选C。
【点评】联系句意，寻找关键词，根据关键词语判断所填之词。
23．You my English dictionary for a month. Could you please give it back to me now?
A. have borrowed
B. lent
C. have kept
D. borrowed
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：你借我的英语词典有一个月了，你现在能把它还给我吗？根据句中时间状语“for a month”.可推断此句应该用现在完成时，故先排除选项B、D。borrow是瞬间性动词，不能与时间段连用，需将borrow改为keep。故选 C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的短暂性动词与延续性动词辨析。
24．一Where is Mr．Miller?
一He to New York．He there three times．
A. has been；has gone
B. has gone；has gone
C. has gone：has been
D. has been；has been
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——Miller先生去哪儿了？——他去纽约了。他去过那3次了。他去纽约了还未回来，用has gone to；他去过三次，用has been。故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时has gone to 和has been to的用法。
25．How long his grandfather ?
A. has, died
B. has, been death
C. has, dying
D. has, been dead
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：他的爷爷去世多久了？has died已经去世了，不能与时间段连用；has been death形式错误，death是名词；has dying形式错误；has been dead已经去世了。句中How long问的是一段时间，die是瞬间性动词，不能和一段时间连用，故A不对。has been dead是一个系表结构，表示状态，可以持续。故应选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时延续性动词与短暂性动词的转换。die 非延续性动词，要转换为延
续性的be dead。
26．More than 80 people ______ in the earthquake ______ last week.
A. died; for
B. have been dead ; since
C. have died; since
D. have been dead; for
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：自从上个周有超过80人在地震中伤生。for+时间段；since+时间点，自从……时起，主句用现在完成时，句中的时间状语last week是时间点，故用since。
本句并非表示“死亡”这个状态的延续，而是指从过去某一时间到现在“死亡”这个动作发生
了多少次，所以选C符合语境。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
27．—Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready?
—No, I ________ our guidebook and towels yet.
A. don't pack
B. didn't pack
C. have packed
D. haven't packed
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：——Dave，我们十分钟后要离开，你准备好了吗？——没有，我
还没把我们的旅游手册和毛巾打包。yet是现在完成时否定句的标志，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时，注意yet的用法。
28．—Your family have________ Sydney on holiday. Why not join them?
—I've________ the city many times.
A. gone to; gone to
B. been to; been to
C. been to; gone to
D. gone to; been to
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：——你家去悉尼度假了，为什么不和他们一起呢？——我们去过
那个城市好几次了。根据Why not join them，可知是have gone to，去了；根据many times ，许多次，可知用have been to，去过，与次数搭配，故选D。
【点评】考查have gone to和have been to的用法，注意语境。
29．I ________my dictionary to my classmate David a week ago, but he ________ it to me yet.
A. lent; return
B. have lent; returned
C. lent; hasn't returned
D. have lent; didn't return
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：我一周前把我的字典借给了我的同学David，但他还没还给我。ago是过去时标志，故排除B和D选项，yet是现在完成时标志，因此用hasn't returned，
故选C。
【点评】考查时态，注意ago和yet的用法。
30．—Look at these stamps. I _______ them for five years.
—Wow, they are wonderful.
A. kept
B. have kept
C. have bought
D. bought
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——看这些邮票，我持有它们5年了。——噢，真漂亮。表示动作从过去开始持续到现在用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，因为主语是I,助动词用have，故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的用法，注意表示动作的延续用现在完成时。
人教版英语英语现在完成时的用法大全含解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—They say there is a new restaurant near here. —Yes, and it ______ for more than a week. A. has been open B. open C. is opening D. opens 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——他们说在这附近有一个新的餐馆。——是的，它已经开了一个多星期了。根据 for more than a week ，可知用现在完成时，have/has been done，故选A。 【点评】考查现在完成时，注意识记其标志词。 2．Mike used to be a top student, but he behind since he lost himself in computer games. A. fell B. has fallen C. was D. has been 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意为“Mike过去是尖子生，但自从迷上电子游戏以来成绩落后了”。由since可知but后的主句用现在完成时，瞬间动词fall不能和since引导的时间状语从句连用，故用延续性动词be。故选D。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时中非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换。 3．—Hi, Tom! you ever the Bird's Nest? —Yes, I have. It's fantastic. A. Have, been to B. Have, gone to C. Did, go to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你好，Tom！你曾经去过鸟巢吗？——是的，我去过。它是极好的。根据答语—Yes, I have.可知是以have开头的现在完成时的一般疑问句，排除C。have been to+地点名词，去过某地，去了并且回来了；have gone to+地点名词，去了某地，去了还没有回来，在去或者回来的路上。根据It's fantastic.可知去了并且回来了，故选A。 【点评】考查短语辨析，注意平时识记其区别，理解句意。 4．——Where is Mr. Wang? ——He together with his students ________ Zhuyuwan Park. A. has gone to B. have gone to C. has been to D. have been to 【答案】 A
外研版英语中考英语过去完成时专题(含答案) 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．Seeing Danel went into the classroom with tears in his eyes, I asked him what . A. happened B. had happened C. would happen D. was happened 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：看着丹尼尔哭着跑进教室，我问他发生了什么。根据动词asked 一般过去时可知，动词happen的动作发生在asked之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选B。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意掌握过去完成时的结构had+过去分词。 2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。 3．By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在上个月末，珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根据By the end of last month，可知句子的时态为过去完成时，C是过去完成时结构，故答案是C。 【点评】考查过去完成时，注意过去完成的时的判定方法。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。 5．Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already. A. got, had left B. got, has left C. had got, left D. got, left
中考英语现在完成时真题汇编(含答案)及解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．— Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia. — Oh, that's why I can't find them now. A. have gone to B. have been to C. has gone to D. has been to 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查主谓一致。句意：——侯博和埃迪去了电影院看电影《疯狂动物城》。——哦，这就是为什么我现在找不到他们的原因。have gone to去了；been to去过。Hobo and Eddie作主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。所以选A。 2．—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years! —No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world. A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——华为近几年取得了多大的进步啊！——难怪它在世界的每个角落都出名。根据时间状语in recent years，近几年，可知动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时。注意掌握现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词。 3．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。 【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。 4．I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时，故答案为C。句意是：自从我五岁时被狗伤过之后我就一直怕狗。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时的用法。
英语过去完成时 A 形式 过去完成时由had＋过去分词构成，因此无人称变化： 肯定式：I had／I’d worked等 否定式：I had not／hadn’t worked等 疑问式：had I worked？等 否定疑问式：had I not／hadn’t I worked？等 B 用法 1 、过去完成时是与现在完成时相当的过去式。 现在完成时： Ann has just left．If you hurry you’ll catch her． 安刚刚走。如果你快一点，就能追上她。（参见第183节。） 过去完成时： When I arrived Ann had just left． 我到的时候，安刚刚离开。 现在完成时： I’ve lost my case． 我的手提箱丢了。（参见第184节。） 过去完成时： He had lost his case and had to borrow Tom’s pyjamas． 他的手提箱丢了，不得不去向汤姆借睡衣睡裤。 但是，过去完成时不像现在完成时那样限于表达未指明时间的动作，因此可以说： He had left his case on the 4∶40 train． 他把手提箱丢在4点40分的火车上了。 2、现在完成时可以和since／for／always等词连用，表示一个开始于过去并仍在继续或刚刚结束的动作。（参见第186节。）与此同理，过去完成时也可以用来表示在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始的动作，这一动作： （a）在该时刻仍然在继续；或 （b）在该时刻停止或刚刚停止。 但应注意，过去完成时还可以用来表示： （c）在所说时刻之前某一时候停止的动作。 （a），（b），（c）这三种类型的例句分别列举如下： （a）Bill was in uniform when I met him．He had been a soldier for tenyears／since he was seventeen，and planned to stay in the army till hewas thirty． 我遇到比尔的时候，他身穿军服。那时他已经当了十年兵了／他 从17岁就当兵，并且还计划在军队里呆到30岁。 Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years／ever since she was born，andhad no wish to move to a tower block．
现在完成时讲解与练习 （一）现在完成时的基本用法 （1）强调动作是从过去持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。 （2）强调对现在的影响或结果，此用法容易和一般过去时混淆。两者的区别是：一般过去时有动作发生的时间点，即过去某一时间发生某一动作；现在完成时则没有，即不强调是哪个时间点发生的动作，而强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。 （3）在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作，但是结果对现在有影响。一、现在完成时的构成 （一）肯定式 主语＋助动词have ／has ＋过去分词＋其它 说明：这里的have ／has是助动词，没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。has，have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样，不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例： 1）I've just copied all the new words ．我刚抄写了所有的生词。(表示不要再抄了) 2）She has lost her books ．她丢失了她的书。（表示到目前为止还没有找到） (如果用过去时：She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作，而不知现在有没有找到) 3）We've just cleaned the classroom ．我们刚好打扫了教室。（表明现在教室是干净的） （二）否定式 主语＋助动词have ／has＋not＋过去分词＋其它 说明：现在完成时构成否定句时，只需在助动词have ／has后面加not就行。have not，has not的缩略式分别为haven't ，hasn't。另外，肯定句中有some，already时，改为否定时要分别改成any，yet。实例： 1）I haven't finished my homework yet．我还没有完成我的作业。 2）She hasn't travelled on a train ．她没有坐火车旅行过。 3）We have never spoken to a foreigner．我们从来没有和外国人说过话。注：有时not可以用never代替，表示“从来没有”的意思。又如：
中考英语现在完成时试题和答案 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．Little Tom his home for more than ten years. A. leaves B. left from C. will leave D. has been away from 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：小汤姆离开家已经十年了。由句中“for more than ten years”可知. 句中的谓语动词需使用延续性动词。leave对应的延续性动词为be away。 【点评】考查现在完成时。 2．—The drama series The Thunder （破冰行动） hits screens these days. —Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet, A. doesn't watch B. didn't watch C. won't watch D. haven't watched 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。——哦。真遗憾！我任何一集也没有看过。根据Oh. What a pity!可知我没有看过。过去的动作对现在造成的影响和 yet也，常和现在完成时的否定结构连用，可知此处用现在完成时。故选D。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时。注意yet常和现在完成时连用。 3．—How long can I _________ this book? —Five days. But you must return it on time. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. kept 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：——我能保留这本书多长时间？——五天。但是你一定要按时归还它。A,borrow借，瞬间性动词；B, lend接，是瞬间性动词；C,keep保留，是延续性动词；D,kept是过去式。此处与how long连用，故此处用延续性动词，位于情态动词can之后，故用动词原形keep，故选C。 【点评】本题考查延续性动词。以及borrow，lend，keep，kept四个词的词义和用法。 4．— Mary, I remember you several years ago. — Yes, I for 3 years. A. married, have married B. married, married C. married, have been married D. have married, have been married 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——Mary，我记得几年前你结婚了。——是的，我已经结婚三年了。ago表明时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式married。排除D。for+时间段用现在完成时，并且用延续性动词，现在完成时的结构是have/has+动词过去分词，排除B。marry是非延续性动词，其延续性动词是be married，be的过去分词是been，故选C。
过去完成时语法精讲 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. # She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如： 】 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： ] When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：Where did you study before you came here After he closed the door, he left the classroom. （ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3. 根据上、下文来判定。 【 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
现在完成时的基本用法 1、现在完成时表示影响 Hehasleftthecity.他已离开这个城市。(结果：他不在这个城市。) Someonehasbrokenthewindow.有人把窗户打破了。(结果：窗户 仍破着。) Ihavelostmypen.我把钢笔丢了。(结果：我现在无钢笔用。) Hehasfinishedhiswork.他把工作做完了。(结果：他现在可以做其他的事了。) 2、现在完成时表示持续 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状语在过去并未完成或结束，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去(也 可能到此结束)，如汉语说“他在我们学校教书已有30年了”，显 然“他在我们学校教书”是从30年前开始，并且一直教到现在，已 经持续了30年;又如汉语说“自上个星期以来他一直很忙”，显然“忙”是从上个星期开始的，并且这一“忙”就一直忙到现在。如： Hehastaughtinourschoolfor30years.他在我们学校教书已有30 年了。 Hehasbeenbusysincelastweek.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。 Hehasworkedforuseversinceheleftschool.他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。 3、现在完成时表示重复
即表示从过去某个时间直到现在的这个时间范围内不断重复发生的动作或情况，并且这个不断重复的动作有可能继续下去，也有可能到现在就结束。如： Howoftenhaveyouseenher?你隔多少见她一次? Myfatherhasalwaysgonetoworkbybike.我父亲一向骑车上班。 4、现在完成时表示将来 同一般现在时可以表示将来一样，现在完成时也可以在时间状语从句里表示将来。如： I’llwaituntilhehaswrittenhisletter.我愿等到他把信写完。 Whenyouhaverested,I’llshowyouthegarden.等你休息好之后，我领你看我们的花园。 二、现在完成时的基本定义和句型构成 基本定义 现在完成时有两种用法 1.过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。到现在为止已经发生或完成的动作。 2.表示过去发生的、持续到现在的动作或状态。 句型构成 基本结构:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p) 现在完成时用法 现在完成时用法 ①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语(或者其他). ②否定句:主语+havenot/hasnot+动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语.
【英语】初中英语过去完成时练习题 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．My grandparents for fifty years by the time My sister was 15. A. married B. had married C. had got married D. had been married 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：到我妹妹十五岁的时候，我的祖父母已经结婚五十年了。根据for fifty years 五十年和be动词was，可知是表示一段时间的状语，谓语动词具有持续性，用过去完成时had been married“结婚”表状态。故选D。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意通过时间状语及动词判断句子的时态。 2．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ． A. slept B. has been asleep C. was asleep D. had been asleep 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ”和“ finished”可知此处应为过去完成时，故选D. 【点评】考查过去完成时。 3．Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing, he_______ in Hongkong for ten years. A. works B. has worked C. had worked D. would work 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前，他已经在香港工作了10年了。根据Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing可知，主持节目这个动作发生在过去，而在香港呆了十年是发生在过去的过去，时态要用过去完成时（had +过去分词），故选C。 【点评】考查动词的时态。牢记过去完成时的用法。 4．Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already. A. got, had left B. got, has left C. had got, left D. got, left 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：昨天当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。结合语境可知前文时间状语从句描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。下文，描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态，选A。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系，注意结合这一特点进行区分。
现在完成时（短暂性动词与延续性动词）的用法 基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done) ①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）（1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 注（超重要）：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词 come-be go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead 1.have代替buy My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词 1、be＋married代marry 2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill 3、be＋dead代die 4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep 5、be＋awake代wake/wake up 6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose c)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词 1“be＋on”代start,begin 2“be＋up”代get up 3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等
中考英语现在完成时真题汇编(含答案) 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．My sister English since she was 9 years old. She can talk to foreigners freely. A. learns B. learnt C. has learnt D. have learnt 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：我的妹妹自从九岁就开始学英语，她能够和外国人自由交谈。A,learns 学习，一般现在时，B，learnt 一般过去时C has learnt现在完成时Dhave learnt现在完成时，根据since可知句子是现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，句子主语是My sister，第三人称单数，使用has，故选C 【点评】本题考查现在完成时，注意since是现在完成时的标志词之一。 2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go. A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。 【点评】考查动词时态。根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。 3．—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years! —No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world. A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——华为近几年取得了多大的进步啊！——难怪它在世界的每个角落都出名。根据时间状语in recent years，近几年，可知动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时。注意掌握现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词。 4．—Do you still play basketball? —Oh, no. I ____ it for the past two years. A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你还打篮球吗？——哦，不了。我已经有两年没有打过了。根据句中的for the last two years可知应与完成时态连用，又有时间是the last two years可知是从现在往前两年，因此应使用现在完成时态，故选A。 【点评】考查动词时态中的for+段时间与完成时态连用，根据时间确定是现在完成还是过去完成。 5．All the skirts .They very well.
过去完成时练习题 一、 ()(1)The police found that the house _______and a lot of things_________. A. has broken into, has been stolen B. had broken into, had been stolen C. has been broken into, stolen D. had been broken into, stolen ()(2)By the end of this century, we__ ours into a strong modern country. A. will build B. had built C. have built D. will have built ()(3)We _________the work by six yesterday evening. A. finished B.would finish C. had finished D. had been finished ()(4)I _________to help you but couldn’t get here in time. A. want B. had wanted C. have wanted D. was wanting ()(5) Mrs. Wu told me that her sister___________. A. left about two hours before B. would leave about two hours before C. has left about two hours ago D. had left about two hours before () (6)When I reached home, my parents __________their supper. A.are having B.have already had C.have had D. had already had () (7)It seems that the old man _________something important. A.has lost B. had lost C. lost D. would lose () (8)She __________in this school ________the past ten years. A.was teaching, since B. had been teaching, since C.would teach, for D. has been teaching, for () (9)Did you see Xiao Li at the party? No, ______by the time I arrived.
英语中现在完成时的基本用法讲解 (含义：我对他有所了解了，现在能够谈谈他的情况了。 )Have you been to Paris?你去过巴黎吗?(含义：如果你去过，你可以谈谈巴黎的情况。 如果你没有去过，我建议你去看看，或者我现在给你介绍一下巴黎的情况。 )We have never heard of such a man.我们从来没有听说过这样的人。 (含义：因此我们对“他一无所知，你问我们也是白问。 )模仿造句：1.因此，我们以前参观莫斯科(Moscow)。 2.你弟弟去去印度(India)吗? 3.这些孩子从未用过电脑。 2.现在完成时，表示过去某种行为的结果对现在有直接的影响Tom has lost his pen.汤姆的钢笔已经丢了。 (含义：结果是现在没笔用，必须借一支笔，或者买一支笔。 )Dad, I have finished my homework.爸爸，我已经做完家庭作业了。 (含义：现在应该可以让我出去玩会或者看下电视了。 )He has gone to Hong Kong.他已经去香港了。 (含义：结果是他不在这里，你在这儿见不到他了。 )模仿造句：1.杰克已把铅笔弄断了。 2.妈，我已经吃过中饭了。 3.玛丽已经去广州了。 3.现在完成时，表示某经历的时间长度(一般用for引导的时间状
语)Mr. Smith has been in China for 10 years.史密斯先生在中国待过10年了。 (含义：他待的时间够长的了，他对中国的情况很熟了，或者他的中文自然讲得很棒了。 )Jane has stayed in Shanghai for 3 days.珍妮在上海待了两天。 (含义：珍妮待在上海的时间短，对这里的情况还很不熟悉，或者她不应该马上离开，应该多玩几天。 )I have taught English for 10 years.我已经教英语10年了。 (含义：我教英语的时间已经非常长了，有丰富的教学经验了。 )模仿造句：1.简(Jane)已经在杭州住了8年了。 2.我妈已经在这家公司工作20年了。 3.今天我已经练英语口语2个小时了。 本文作者：丹丹英语(公众号：英语语法学习)本文已获转载授权，版权归作者所有，如需转载，请联系原微信公众号“英语语法学习。
初中英语时态专题八：过去完成时（Word版） 过去完成时 一、过去完成时的概念过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生 或完成了的动作，即 “过去的过去”。 二、过去完成时的构成 过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 eg.1 When I got to school, the bell had rung. eg.2 By the time I got home ,my little brother had gone to bed. eg.3 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 三、过去完成时的用法 用法1：过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。 1.他说他以前见过你。 He said that he (see) you before. 2.我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了。 By the time I got outside, the bus （leave）. 用法2：过去完成时动词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续或将继续下去。常和for, since 构成的时间状语连用。 1. 到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。 By six o'clock they (work)for eight hours. 2. 我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。 When I came to GangZhou , he (be) there for a long time. 用法3. 过去完成时和already, just, ever, yet 等连用表示过去的过去。 1. 他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。 He told me that his team already (win). 2. 她说她仍没去过长城。 She said that she (not be to) the Great Wall yet. 用法4. 在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.
五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。 A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________? B: He ____________ to Hainan Island. A: How long ___________ he ___________ there? B: He _____________ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there. A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place? B: He _____________ there only once. 六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。 1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country. 2) David ________ the park just now. 3) John _______ England since he came back. 4) How long _____ they _____ this village? 5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years. 6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times. 7) I _____ this school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm. 9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago. 10) Would you like to _____ to the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before. 11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ to the zoo. 12) He often _____ swimming. 13) _____ you ______ there last year? 14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter? 八. 用适当的时态填空： 1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten. 2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago. 4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave). 5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there? 6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet? 7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange. 8. We ---- already _________ (return) the book. 9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village? 10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me? 11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice.12. I _________ (buy) a book just now. 13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday. 二、用since和for填空 1.______two years 2.____two years ago 3.___last month 4.______ 1999 5._______yesterday 6._______ 4 o’clock 7 4 hours 8._____an hour ago 9. ___we were children 10._____ lunch time 11.____ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him ______ we were children. 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years. 15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years. 16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city. 三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。 ①arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp