(完整)初中英语现在完成时.docx

  • 格式:docx
  • 大小:29.70 KB
  • 文档页数:7

下载文档原格式

  / 7
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

Present perfect tense

现在完成时

Objectives

1.学在完成;

2.在完成与一般去的区及用法。

Grammar

一、在完成的定:

1.表示去生或已完成的作在造成的影响或果。

2.也可以表示去已开始,一直延到在的作或状二、在完

成的构

have/has+ done (去分)

注意:表示短作的,如:come , go, die , marry , buy 等的完成不能与for ,since 等表示一段的用。用来持的作或状或表去重复的作,如live , study , be , wait 等,常和 since (自从)或for ()引的用。

如: I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30 多年。

三、在完成的状

1.ever, never, twice(once⋯), so far(到目前止), , already (肯定句) , yet (否定,疑

句) , just(), before(以前), recently(近来)等用

2.Since+ 点, for+ 段,in the past/last few years

表示短作的,如:come ,go, die , marry , buy 等的完成不能与for , since 等表示一段的用。用来持的作或状或表去重复的作,如live ,study , be , wait 等,常和

since (自从)或for ()引的用。

明: already与yet都有“已”的意思,但already常用于肯定句,并用于句中。yet 常用于否定句和疑句,并用于句末。例如:

I have already finished my homework.

I haven’ t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?

They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里)

I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了, 也就是说我现在不饿)

I can’ t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.

注意: 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如 yesterday, last week, three years ago等;

2)不能与 when 连用

四、现在完成时的用法

A .表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调对现在造成的影想或结果)。

e.g. The car has arrived.车子来了。(结果:车子已在门口)

Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。(结果:窗户仍破着)

B.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括

在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用,如 for+ 时间段、 since+ 过去的时间点、疑问词how long

“现等。

e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。

Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002.自从2002年Mr. Black一直住在中国。

How long have you been here?你来这里多久了?

用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词,句中谓语动词用现在完成时,时间状语为“for+时间段”或“since +时间点”。

e.g. He has been in the Green China for three years.

He has been a member of the Green China for three years.他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。

The old man died 4 years ago. =The old man has been dead for 4 years.

He joined the Party 2 years ago. =He has been in the Party for 2 years.

I bought the book 5 days ago. =I have had the book for 5 days.

表示时间段的短语有:

for+一段时间(for 2 years), since+从句 (since he came here), since+时间点名词( since last year, since 5 days ago),how long; for a long time等。

五、现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别

1.一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生

的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。

I saw this film yesterday.(强调动作发生的时间是yesterday)

(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)

2.一般去和表示去的状用,如:⋯ago, last week/...

In 2008, in the past, just now, the day before yesterday, yesterday ...

Then( 那 ),that day, one day, once(从前 )

3.在完成常和 recently (近来), ever, never, twice, so far(到目前止) , since ,for , in

the past/last few years , already(肯定句) , yet (否定,疑句), just(), before

(以前)用。在完成不与表示去的状用。

在完成可表示持到在的作或状,一般是延性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.

六、比have/has been to、 have/has gone to和have been in

have(has) been to...表示“曾去某地,已从那里回来了”,可以和ever、 never、 twice等用。

have(has) gone to表示“已去了某地,在去那里的途中或到达那里没有回来”。have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多”,常与表示一段的状用,如:since, for, how long等

He went to Shanghai last week上周他去了上海

He has been to Shanghai.

他 (曾 )到 / 去上海 .( 但他人在肯定不是在上海而是回来了)

He has gone to Shanghai.

他已去上海了.(也身出,也已到了,也在路上,反正他人不在里)

Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.

布朗先生来上海已有三天了

Exercises

1. _______ has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to China?

A. How soon, comes

B. How often, got

C. How long, came

2. His uncle _______ for more than 9 years.

A. has come here

B. has started to work

C. has lived there university

D. How far, arrived

D.has left the

3.—_______ you _______ your homework yet?

—Yes. I _______ it a moment ago.

A. Did; do; finished

B.Have ; done ; finished

C.Have ; done ; have finished

D.will ; do ; finish