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备战飞思卡尔智能车大赛.开始模块总结.锁相环设置.公式: PLLCLK=2*OSCCLK*(SYNR+1)/(REFDV+1),fbus=PLLCLK/2void INIT_PLL(void){CLKSEL &= 0x7f; //选用外部时钟.准备设置锁相环PLLCTL &= 0x8F; //禁止锁相环SYNR = 0xc9; //设置SYNRREFDV = 0x81; //设置REFDVPLLCTL |=0x70; //锁相环使能asm NOP; asm NOP; //两个机器周期缓冲时间while(!(CRGFLG&0x08)); //等待锁相环锁定CLKSEL |= 0x80; //设置锁相环为时钟源}飞思卡尔XS128的PLL锁相环详细设置说明——关于如何提高总线工作频率PLL锁相环就相当于超频单片机超频的原因和PC机是个一道理。
分频的主要原因是外设需要的工作频率往往远低于CPU/MEMORY这也和PC机南北桥的原理类似。
总线频率设置过程1、禁止总中断2、寄存器CLKSEL(时钟选择寄存器)的第七位置0即CLKSEL_PLLSEL=0。
选择时钟源为外部晶振OSCCLK(外接晶振频率)在PLL(锁相环)程序执行前内部总线频率为OSCCLK/23. PLLCTL_PLLON=1 打开PLL4.设置SYNR时钟合成寄存器、REFDV时钟分频寄存器、POSTDIV三个寄存器的参数5、_asm(nop) _asm(nop);加入两条空指令使锁相环稳定6、while(!(CRGFLG_LOCK==1));//时钟校正同步7、CLKSEL_PLLSEL=1; 下面详细说一下频率的计算一、时钟合成寄存器SYNR寄存器结构VCOFRQ[1:0]控制压控振动器VCO的增益默认值为00VCO的频率与VCOFRQ[1:0]对应表什么是锁相环呢？MCU的支撑电路一般需要外部时钟来给MCU提供时钟信号，而外部时钟的频率可能偏低，为了使系统更加快速稳定运行，需要提升系统所需要的时钟频率。
飞思卡尔DG128—PE编程入门教程（1）首先打开CodeWarrior 5.0 开发环境，然后在弹出的选项中选择新建工程注释：如果没有弹出这个对话框，可以在下面的File中选择New Project新建一个工程。
(2) 选择开发芯片的型号(这里我们使用的是MC9S12DG128)接着选择TBDML，这个是我们使用在线调试功能的选项。
(3) 选择工程的生成路径，注意：如果我们不使用PE编程功能的话，在这步结束后，可以直接选择完成按钮来完成工程的新建。
(4) （PE编程功能的步骤）下一步，这个对话框我们什么都不用选择，直接点击下一步。
（5）选择下面这个选项来启动PE编程功能。
(6) 红色边框中选项的功能为是否启动浮点数据的使用，默认第一个是不启用；第二个是启用，float数据为32位，double为32位；第三个是启用，float 数据为32位，double数据为64位。
（7）最后一步什么都不要设置，直接点击完成。
(8) 以上步骤我们完成了一个DG128工程的新建步骤。
PE的使用步骤:(1) 新建工程后，会自动弹出个芯片封装型号的选择，选择后点击OK。
（注意：我们学校使用的芯片是112管脚，所以注意选择红线标注的选项）(2) 点击OK后，就会出现我们要编程的环境了。
如下所示：（3）红色标注的地方就是该工程的工作区。
细心的同学就会发现，它生成的文件中没有我们需要写的源文件XXX.c 。
那我们现在就来生成这些文件，找到下图的选项Processor Expert 。
然后点击第二个选项的Generate Code ' XXX .mcp' （这里的XXX 表示该工程名称）。
下面是自动生成的文件。
这时候发现软件为我们自动的生成了一个Project.c （Project 是我这个工程建立的文件命，不同的工程文件名将导致这个名字不同）的文件。
这个就是我们将要编写的源文件了，它里面包含了主函数main()。
飞思卡尔单片机S12使用方法及程序单片机简介：9S12XS128MAA单片机是16位的单片机80个引脚，CPU是CPU12X，内部RAM 8KB,EEPROM:2KB,FLASH:128KB,外部晶振16M，通过内部PLL可得40M总线时钟。
9S12XS128MAA单片机拥有：CAN:1个，SCI:2个，SPI:1个，TIM：8个，PIT：4个，A/D：8个，PWM:8个下面介绍下我们项目用到的几个模块给出初始化代码1、时钟模块初始化单片机利用外部16M晶振，通过锁相环电路产生40M的总线时钟（9S12XS128系列标准为40M），初始化代码如下：view plaincopy to clipboardprint?/******************系统时钟初始化****************/void Init_System_Clock(){asm { // 这里采用汇编代码来产生40M的总线LDAB #3STAB REFDVLDAB #4STAB SYNRBRCLR CRGFLG,#$08,*//本句话含义为等待频率稳定然后执行下一条汇编语句，选择此频率作为总线频率BSET CLKSEL,#$80}}/******************系统时钟初始化****************/void Init_System_Clock(){asm { // 这里采用汇编代码来产生40M的总线LDAB #3STAB REFDVLDAB #4STAB SYNRBRCLR CRGFLG,#$08,*//本句话含义为等待频率稳定然后执行下一条汇编语句，选择此频率作为总线频率BSET CLKSEL,#$80}上面的代码是汇编写的，这个因为汇编代码量比较少，所以用它写了，具体含义注释已经给出，主函数中调用此函数即可完成时钟初始化，总线时钟为40M.2、SCI模块初始化单片机电路做好了当然少不了和PC之间的通信，通信通过单片机串口SCI链接到PC 端的COM口上去。
飞思卡尔MC9S12XS128各模块初始化程序--超详细注释//**************************************************************************// 武狂狼2014.5.1 整理// 新手入门的助手////***************************************************************************注释不详细/*********************************************************/函数名称：void ATD0_init(void)函数功能：ATD初始化入口参数：出口参数：/***********************************************************/void ATD0_init(void){ATD0DIEN=0x00; //使用模拟输入功能|=1；数字输入功能// ATD0CTL0=0x07; //Bit[3：0]WRAP[3:0] 反转通道选择位ATD0CTL1=0x40; // 12位精度,采样前不放电 Bit[7]ETRIGSEL(外部触发源选择位。
=0选择A/D通道AN[15：0] |=1选择 ERTIG3~0)和Bit[3：0]ETRIGCH[3：0]选择外部触发通道// Bit[6：5]SRES[1：0]A/D分辨率选择位。
Bit[4]SMP_DIS =0采样前不放电|=1采样前内部电容放电，这会增加2个A/D时钟周期的采样时间，有助于采样前进行开路检测ATD0CTL2=0x40; // 快速清零,禁止中断,禁止外部触发ATD0CTL3=0x90; // 右对齐,转换序列长度为2,非FIFOATD0CTL4=0x03; // 采样时间4个周期,PRS=31,F(ATDCLK)=F(BUS)/(2(PRS+1))// ATD0CTL5=0x30; //启动AD转换序列//：对每项数据采集时，用到哪个通道采样可在相应子函数内设置某一通道（见Sample_AD.c）while(!ATD0STAT2L_CCF0);/*********************************************************/函数名称：void PIT_init(void)函数功能：初始化PIT 设置精确定时时间（1s）入口参数：无出口参数：无说明：无/***********************************************************/void PIT_init(void){PITCFLMT=0x00; //禁止PIT模块Bit[7] PITE：PIT模块使能位，0禁用|1使能// Bit[6] PITSWAI:等待模式下PIT停止位，0等待模式下，PIT模块正常运行| 1等待模式下，PIT模块停止产生时钟信号，冻结PIT模块// Bit[5] PITFRZ: 冻结模式下PIT计数器冻结位。
13.3.1 LCD编程汇编程序例
（1）LCD编程汇编子程序
（2）LCD编程汇编主程序
（3）PC 机方程序
PCJ 机部分主要功能是输入要在单片机板的液晶屏上显示的32个字符，然后以串行通信方式发向单片机，单片机接收此组字符在液晶屏上显示出来。
下面给出PC 机方程序。
PC 机方操作界面见图13-5。
可在图中的输入框中输入要显示的字符，仅限于可显示字符，以便与LCD 模块内部字符编码相一致，LCD 才能正确显示。
数据输入后，单击“发送数据”按钮，数据从串行口发向单片机，则LCD 上显示相应字符。
可以重复操作。
图13-5 LCD 实验程序PC 机方操作界面。
#include "derivative.h"//-----------------------------------------------------static void SCI_Init(void){SCI0CR2=0x2c; //enable Receive Full Interrupt,RX enable,Tx enableSCI0BDH=0x00; //busclk 8MHz,19200bps,SCI0BDL=0x1aSCI0BDL=0x68; //SCI0BDL=busclk/(16*SCI0BDL)//busclk 8MHz, 9600bps,SCI0BDL=0x34//busclk 8MHz, 9600bps,SCI0BDL=0x68//busclk 24MHz, 9600bps,SCI0BDL=0x9C} //busclk 32MHz, 9600bps,SCI0BDL=0xD0//busclk 40MHz, 9600bps,SCI0BD =0x104//-----------------------------------------------------static void Port_Init(void){DDRA = 0xff; //LCD1100,PA0--4,PA67 D1D2PORTA= 0x00;DDRB = 0xff; //LED PTB0--7,PORTB= 0xff; //LEDs onDDRE = 0xFF; //MOTOR CONTROLPORTE= 0x00; //PDDRH = 0x00; // PORTH inputPTIH = 0X00; // KEY,PH0--5PERH = 0xff; // PORTH pull upPPSH = 0x00; // Port H Polarity Select Register-falling edgePIEH = 0x02; // PORTH interrut disable but 1,DDRJ = 0X01; // PJ0判断行同步脉冲到达//PPSJ = 0x01; // Port J Polarity Select Register-rising EDGEPPSJ = 0x00; // Port J Polarity Select Register-falling EDGEPIEJ = 0X00; // VIDEO SYNC INTERRUPT DISABLED,BUT NOT IN MAIN() PERJ = 0xff;DDRP = 0xff;PERP = 0xff;PTP_PTP0 = 0;}//-----------------------------------------------------static void PWM_Init(void){//SB,B for ch2367//SA,A for ch0145PWMPRCLK = 0X55; //clockA,CLK B 32分频:500khzPWMSCLA = 0x02; //对clock SA 进行2*PWMSCLA=4分频；pwm clock=clockA/4=125KHz;PWMSCLB = 0X02; //clk SB=clk B/(2*pwmsclb)=125KHZ//pwm1PWMCNT1 = 0;PWMCAE_CAE1=0;PWMPOL_PPOL1=0;PWMPER1 =125;PWMDTY1 =100;PWMCLK_PCLK1 = 1;PWME_PWME1 = 0;}void AD_Init(void){A TD0CTL1=0x00; //7:1-外部触发,65:00-8位精度,4:放电,3210:chA TD0CTL2=0x40; //禁止外部触发, 中断禁止A TD0CTL3=0xa0; //右对齐无符号,每次转换4个序列, No FIFO, Freeze模式下继续转A TD0CTL4=0x01; //765:采样时间为4个AD时钟周期,ATDClock=[BusClock*0.5]/[PRS+1]A TD0CTL5=0x30; //6:0特殊通道禁止,5:1连续转换,4:1多通道轮流采样A TD0DIEN=0x00; //禁止数字输入}//-----------------------------------------------------//IOC7/PT7用于计算CS3144产生的脉冲数static void IOC_Init(void){TCTL3=0xc0;//c-输入捕捉7任何沿有效,TCTL4=0xc0;//40表示ICx禁止, 1表示上升沿, 2表示下降沿, 3表示任何沿TIE =0x00;//每一位对应相应通道中断允许,0表示禁止中断TIOS =0x00;//每一位对应通道的: 0输入捕捉,1输出比较TCTL3_EDG7x=1;//c-输入捕捉7任何沿有效,}//产生40ms的定式中断，读取IOC7的计数值static void Timer_Init(void){//TSCR1=0X80;//TIMER INT ENABLED//TSCR1=0x90;//计数器使能TEN|快速清零TFFCATSCR1=0X00; //禁止TIM//TSCR2=0X80;//DIV 1->2.5ms,enable time overflow interrrupt//TSCR2=0X82;//DIV 4->10ms//TSCR2=0X83;//DIV 8->20ms//TSCR2=0X84;//DIV 16->40msTSCR2=0X85;//DIV 32->80ms//TSCR2=0X86;//DIV 64->160ms//TSCR2=0X87;//DIV 128->320ms,enable time overflow interrruptTCNT =0; //PACTL=0X50; //PT7 PIN,PACN32 16BIT,FALLing edge,NOT INTERRUPT //PBCTL=0X40;//PBCN10 16BIT,INT DISABLED//ICPAR=0; //8BIT DISABLED}//-----------------------------------------------------// setup of the RTI interrupt frequencystatic void RTI_Init(void){//RTICTL=0x10; //2^10x40ms=4.96s//RTICTL=0X74; //SET PRESCALER,div rate=(m+1)x2^(n+9),(m=1-7,n=0-15)//tick=16Mhz/((4+1)x2^(7+9))=48.83,(/sec)//16000000/64k=244.140625 ,与晶振频率相关，与分频无关RTICTL=0x77; //8x2^16 =>32,75ms,30.5175Hz//RTICTL=0x7f; //16x2^16 =>,65.536ms,15.26Hz//RTICTL=0x1F; //16x2^10--1ms//CRGINT=0X80; //enable RTI InterruptCRGINT=0X00; //disable RTI Interrupt}static void Time_Start(void){RTI_Init();CRGINT=0X80; //enable RTI Interrupt}//-----------------------------------------------------// PLL初始化子程序BUS Clock=16Mvoid setbusclock(void){CLKSEL=0X00; // disengage PLL to systemPLLCTL_PLLON=1; // turn on PLLSYNR=0x00 | 0x01; // VCOFRQ[7:6];SYNDIV[5:0]// fVCO= 2*fOSC*(SYNDIV + 1)/(REFDIV + 1)// fPLL= fVCO/(2 × POSTDIV)// fBUS= fPLL/2// VCOCLK Frequency Ranges VCOFRQ[7:6]// 32MHz <= fVCO <= 48MHz 00// 48MHz < fVCO <= 80MHz 01// Reserved 10// 80MHz < fVCO <= 120MHz 11REFDV=0x80 | 0x01; // REFFRQ[7:6];REFDIV[5:0]// fREF=fOSC/(REFDIV + 1)// REFCLK Frequency Ranges REFFRQ[7:6]// 1MHz <= fREF <= 2MHz 00// 2MHz < fREF <= 6MHz 01// 6MHz < fREF <= 12MHz 10// fREF > 12MHz 11// pllclock=2*osc*(1+SYNR)/(1+REFDV)=32MHz;POSTDIV=0x00; // 4:0, fPLL= fVCO/(2xPOSTDIV)// If POSTDIV = $00 then fPLL is identical to fVCO (divide by one)._asm(nop); // BUS CLOCK=16M_asm(nop);while(!(CRGFLG_LOCK==1)); //when pll is steady ,then use it;CLKSEL_PLLSEL =1; //engage PLL to system;}//-----------------------------------------------------#pragma CODE_SEG DEFAULTvoid Init_Dev(void){setbusclock();Port_Init();SCI_Init();PWM_Init();AD_Init();Timer_Init();Time_Start();IOC_Init();}//-----------------------------------------------------。
飞思卡尔HS12 BootLoader开发流程1.设置BootLoader代码装载地址该操作在Prm文件中设置，在Flash分区中加入下列代码：ROM_F000 = READ_ONLY 0xF000 TO 0xFCFF;把所有BootLoader文件存储设置为都保存在ROM_F000中，代码如下：PLACEMENT /* here all predefined and user segments are placed into the SEGMENTS defined above. */ _PRESTART, /* Used in HIWARE format: jump to _Startup at the code start */STARTUP, /* startup data structures */ROM_VAR, /* constant variables */STRINGS, /* string literals */VIRTUAL_TABLE_SEGMENT, /* C++ virtual table segment *///.ostext, /* eventually OSEK code */NON_BANKED, /* runtime routines which must not be banked */DEFAULT_ROM,COPY /* copy down information: how to initialize variables *//* in case you want to use ROM_4000 here as well, make surethat all files (incl. library files) are compiled with theoption: -OnB=b */INTO ROM_F000; //ROM_C000 /*, ROM_4000*/;2.设置进入BootLoadr 模式的flag该操作在start12文件中修改，常见的有I/O检测，延时，通信。
#include <hidef.h> /* common defines and macros */#include <mc9s12dg128.h> /* derivative information */ #include "lib.c"#include "funtion.h"#pragma LINK_INFO DERIV ATIVE "mc9s12dg128b"void s_ini(void) //系统初始化{uchar tmp;SYNR=3;REFDV=1;PLLCTL=0x50;delay(100);CLKSEL|=0x80; //超频到48M, 总线24M// INITRG = 0x00; /* lock registers block to 0x0000 */// INITRM = 0x39; /* lock Ram to end at 0x3FFF */// INITEE = 0x09; /* lock EEPROM block to end at 0x0fff */ delay(100);PORTB=0xff;DDRB=0xff;DDRA=0x00; //A口设置为输入PTH=0x00;DDRH=0x68; //PH1=inputPERH=0x97; //enable pullPPSH=0x80; //PH7,PH6,PH5 pull up, PH4 pull down PIEH=0x00; //使能遥控中断PH7PTP =0x00;DDRP=0x30; //PP4，PP5 outputDDRA=0x00;PUCR=0x01; //Port A enable pull upPTJ=0x00;DDRJ=0x00;PERJ=0x00; //diable pullPPSJ=0x80;PIEJ=0xc0; //enable PJ interruptPTT=0x00;DDRT=0x00; //PT7-PT4 =inputPERT=0x40; //enable pull for PT6// PACN3=0x00;// PACN2=0x00;// PACTL=0x40; //enable pulse couter B// DL YCT=0x00; //TIOS=0x80; //ch 7 compare modeOC7M=0x00;OC7D=0x00;// PACTL=0x74;TSCR2=0x0f; //when ch7 compare rst pre div =128 TC7=50000; //timer for 200mS //*/TSCR1=0x80; //enable timerTCTL1=0x00;TCTL2=0x00;TCTL3=0x20;TCTL4=0x00; //通道6下降沿输入捕捉TIE =0xC0; //中断使能ini_at45(); //初始化SPI0PWME=0xc3; //enable ch1, ch7PWMPOL=0xc3; //high level effectPWMDTY6=(uchar)(3000>>8);PWMDTY7=(uchar)(3000&0x00ff); //占空比PWMPER6=(uchar)(40000>>8); // 舵机PWMPER7=(uchar)(40000&0x00ff); //周期PWMDTY0=(uchar)(0>>8);PWMDTY1=(uchar)(0&0x00ff); //占空比// PWMPER0=(uchar)(2000>>8); //电机PWMPER1=(uchar)(2000&0x00ff); //周期PWMCLK=0x00;PWMPRCLK=0x40; //SB=Fck/1 SA=Fck/8PWMCTL=0x90; //4_16 bit PWM //*/SCI0BDH=0; //串口0初始化SCI0BDL=35; //set bandrate=57600bpsSCI0CR1=0x00;SCI0CR2=0x2c; //enable to sent and receivetmp=SCI0SR1;A TD0CTL2=0xc0; //enable ATD, interruptA TD0CTL3=0x08;A TD0CTL4=0x80; //8bit,A TD1CTL2=0xc0; //enable ATD, interruptA TD1CTL3=0x08;A TD1CTL4=0x80; //8bit,A TD0DIEN=0x00; //AD口数字输入使能,使能CCD输入A TD1DIEN=0x80; //CCD二元输入ECLKDIV=0x5C; //EEPROM时钟分频器INTCR=0xc0; //行同步中断, 下降沿触发,delay(10);SE_s; //舵机供电}interrupt 20 void sci0(void) //SCI0 interrupt{uchar sta,das;sta=SCI0SR1; //read the statedas=SCI0DRL;if(sta&0x40) //sent finish{}if(sta&0x20) //receve a data{speed(das*8);SCI0DRL=das;}}interrupt 15 void ch7(void) //ch7 interrupt 266mS {TFLG1=0x80; //clr flagif(m_en) //LED falshPORTB^=0xf0;}void choice(void) //choice a funtion{uchar kv;uchar pp=0;uchar tmp=0;V1: kv=0;wu(CN1[0],CN1[1],CN1[2],CN1[3]); //displayset(2);go(0,pp); //flashfor(;;) //loop{kv=key();if(kv==5&&pp) //lastpp--,go(0,pp);else if(kv==6&&pp<3) //nextpp++,go(0,pp);if(kv==8||kv==10) //enter{if(pp==0) //进入比赛{match();goto V1;}else if(pp==1) //传感受器测方式{text();goto V1;}else if(pp==2) //CCD 测试{t_ccd();goto V1;}else if(pp==3) //参数设定{setting();goto V1;}} //*/}}void main(void) {/* put your own code here */volatile uint t1=0;s_ini(); //系统初始化EnableInterrupts;get_s(); //获取设定参数choice(); //shoicefor(;;) {} /* wait forever *//* please make sure that you never leave this function */ }/****************************************************************************** FILE : datapage.cPURPOSE : paged data access runtime routinesMACHINE : Freescale 68HC12 (Target)LANGUAGE : ANSI-CHISTORY : 21.7.96 first version created******************************************************************************/#include "hidef.h"#include "non_bank.sgm"#include "runtime.sgm"#ifndef __HCS12X__ /* it's different for the HCS12X. See the text below at the #else // __HCS12X__ *//*According to the -Cp option of the compiler the__DPAGE__, __PPAGE__ and __EPAGE__ macros are defined.If none of them is given as argument, then no page accesses should occur andthis runtime routine should not be used !To be on the save side, the runtime routines are created anyway.If some of the -Cp options are given an adapted versions which only covers theneeded cases is produced.*//* if no compiler option -Cp is given, it is assumed that all possible are given : *//* Compile with option -DHCS12 to activate this code */#if defined(HCS12) || defined(_HCS12) || defined(__HCS12__) /* HCS12 family has PPAGE register only at 0x30 */#define PPAGE_ADDR (0x30+REGISTER_BASE)#ifndef __PPAGE__ /* may be set already by option -CPPPAGE */#define __PPAGE__#endif/* Compile with option -DDG128 to activate this code */#elif defined DG128 /* HC912DG128 derivative has PPAGE register only at 0xFF */#define PPAGE_ADDR (0xFF+REGISTER_BASE)#ifndef __PPAGE__ /* may be set already by option -CPPPAGE */#define __PPAGE__#endif#elif defined(HC812A4)/* all setting default to A4 already */#endif#if !defined(__EPAGE__) && !defined(__PPAGE__) && !defined(__DPAGE__)/* as default use all page registers */#define __DPAGE__#define __EPAGE__#define __PPAGE__#endif/* modify the following defines to your memory configuration */#define EPAGE_LOW_BOUND 0x400u#define EPAGE_HIGH_BOUND 0x7ffu#define DPAGE_LOW_BOUND 0x7000u#define DPAGE_HIGH_BOUND 0x7fffu#define PPAGE_LOW_BOUND (DPAGE_HIGH_BOUND+1)#define PPAGE_HIGH_BOUND 0xBFFFu#define REGISTER_BASE 0x0u#ifndef DPAGE_ADDR#define DPAGE_ADDR (0x34u+REGISTER_BASE)#endif#ifndef EPAGE_ADDR#define EPAGE_ADDR (0x36u+REGISTER_BASE)#endif#ifndef PPAGE_ADDR#define PPAGE_ADDR (0x35u+REGISTER_BASE)#endif/*The following parts about the defines are assumed in the code of _GET_PAGE_REG :- the memory region controlled by DPAGE is above the area controlled by the EPAGE andbelow the area controlled by the PPAGE.- the lower bound of the PPAGE area is equal to be the higher bound of the DPAGE area + 1*/#if EPAGE_LOW_BOUND >= EPAGE_HIGH_BOUND || EPAGE_HIGH_BOUND >= DPAGE_LOW_BOUND || DPAGE_LOW_BOUND >= DPAGE_HIGH_BOUND || DPAGE_HIGH_BOUND >= PPAGE_LOW_BOUND || PPAGE_LOW_BOUND >= PPAGE_HIGH_BOUND#error /* please adapt _GET_PAGE_REG for this non default page configuration */#endif#if DPAGE_HIGH_BOUND+1 != PPAGE_LOW_BOUND#error /* please adapt _GET_PAGE_REG for this non default page configuration */#endif/* this module does either control if any access is in the bounds of the specified page or *//* ,if only one page is specified, just use this page. *//* This behavior is controlled by the define USE_SEVERAL_PAGES. *//* If !USE_SEVERAL_PAGES does increase the performance significantly *//* NOTE : When !USE_SEVERAL_PAGES, the page is also set for accesses outside of the area controlled *//* by this single page. But this is should not cause problems because the page is restored to the old value before any other access could occur */#if !defined(__DPAGE__) && !defined(__EPAGE__) && !defined(__PPAGE__)/* no page at all is specified *//* only specifying the right pages will speed up these functions a lot */#define USE_SEVERAL_PAGES 1#elif defined(__DPAGE__) && defined(__EPAGE__) || defined(__DPAGE__) && defined(__PPAGE__) || defined(__EPAGE__) && defined(__PPAGE__)/* more than one page register is used */#define USE_SEVERAL_PAGES 1#else#define USE_SEVERAL_PAGES 0#if defined(__DPAGE__) /* check which pages are used */#define PAGE_ADDR PPAGE_ADDR#elif defined(__EPAGE__)#define PAGE_ADDR EPAGE_ADDR#elif defined(__PPAGE__)#define PAGE_ADDR PPAGE_ADDR#else /* we do not know which page, decide it at runtime */#error /* must not happen */#endif#endif#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES /* only needed for several pages support *//*--------------------------- _GET_PAGE_REG --------------------------------Runtime routine to detect the right register depending on the 16 bit offset partof an address.This function is only used by the functions below.Depending on the compiler options -Cp different versions of _GET_PAGE_REG are produced.Arguments :- Y : offset part of an addressResult :if address Y is controlled by a page register :- X : address of page register if Y is controlled by an page register- Zero flag cleared- all other registers remain unchangedif address Y is not controlled by a page register :- Zero flag is set- all registers remain unchanged--------------------------- _GET_PAGE_REG ----------------------------------*/#if defined(__DPAGE__)#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEstatic void NEAR _GET_PAGE_REG(void) { /*lint -esym(528, _GET_PAGE_REG) used in asm code */__asm {L_DPAGE:CPY #DPAGE_LOW_BOUND ;// test of lower bound of DPAGE#if defined(__EPAGE__)BLO L_EPAGE ;// EPAGE accesses are possible#elseBLO L_NOPAGE ;// no paged memory below accesses#endifCPY #DPAGE_HIGH_BOUND ;// test of higher bound DPAGE/lower bound PPAGE#if defined(__PPAGE__)BHI L_PPAGE ;// EPAGE accesses are possible#elseBHI L_NOPAGE ;// no paged memory above accesses#endifFOUND_DPAGE:LDX #DPAGE_ADDR ;// load page register address and clear zero flagRTS#if defined(__PPAGE__)L_PPAGE:CPY #PPAGE_HIGH_BOUND ;// test of higher bound of PPAGEBHI L_NOPAGEFOUND_PPAGE:LDX #PPAGE_ADDR ;// load page register address and clear zero flagRTS#endif#if defined(__EPAGE__)L_EPAGE:CPY #EPAGE_LOW_BOUND ;// test of lower bound of EPAGEBLO L_NOPAGECPY #EPAGE_HIGH_BOUND ;// test of higher bound of EPAGEBHI L_NOPAGEFOUND_EPAGE:LDX #EPAGE_ADDR ;// load page register address and clear zero flagRTS#endifL_NOPAGE:ORCC #0x04 ;// sets zero flagRTS}}#else /* !defined(__DPAGE__) */#if defined( __PPAGE__ )#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEstatic void NEAR _GET_PAGE_REG(void) { /*lint -esym(528, _GET_PAGE_REG) used in asm code */__asm {L_PPAGE:CPY #PPAGE_LOW_BOUND ;// test of lower bound of PPAGE#if defined( __EPAGE__ )BLO L_EPAGE#elseBLO L_NOPAGE ;// no paged memory below#endifCPY #PPAGE_HIGH_BOUND ;// test of higher bound PPAGEBHI L_NOPAGEFOUND_PPAGE:LDX #PPAGE_ADDR ;// load page register address and clear zero flagRTS#if defined( __EPAGE__ )L_EPAGE:CPY #EPAGE_LOW_BOUND ;// test of lower bound of EPAGEBLO L_NOPAGECPY #EPAGE_HIGH_BOUND ;// test of higher bound of EPAGEBHI L_NOPAGEFOUND_EPAGE:LDX #EPAGE_ADDR ;// load page register address and clear zero flagRTS#endifL_NOPAGE: ;// not in any allowed page area;// its a far access to a non paged variableORCC #0x04 ;// sets zero flagRTS}}#else /* !defined(__DPAGE__ ) && !defined( __PPAGE__) */#if defined(__EPAGE__)#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEstatic void NEAR _GET_PAGE_REG(void) { /*lint -esym(528, _GET_PAGE_REG) used in asm code */__asm {L_EPAGE:CPY #EPAGE_LOW_BOUND ;// test of lower bound of EPAGEBLO L_NOPAGECPY #EPAGE_HIGH_BOUND ;// test of higher bound of EPAGEBHI L_NOPAGEFOUND_EPAGE:LDX #EPAGE_ADDR ;// load page register address and clear zero flagRTSL_NOPAGE: ;// not in any allowed page area;// its a far access to a non paged variableORCC #0x04 ;// sets zero flagRTS}}#endif /* defined(__EPAGE__) */#endif /* defined(__PPAGE__) */#endif /* defined(__DPAGE__) */#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES *//*--------------------------- _SET_PAGE --------------------------------Runtime routine to set the right page register. This routine is used if the compilerdoes not know the right page register, i.e. if the option -Cp is used for more thanone pageregister or if the runtime option is used for one of the -Cp options.Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address in the B registerResult :- page part written into the correct page register.- the old page register content is destroyed- all processor registers remains unchanged--------------------------- _SET_PAGE ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _SET_PAGE(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGESTAB 0,X ;// set page registerL_NOPAGE:PULX ;// restore X registerRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {STAB PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _LOAD_FAR_8 --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument.Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address in the B registerResult :- value to be read in the B register- all other registers remains unchanged- all page register still contain the same value--------------------------- _LOAD_FAR_8 ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _LOAD_FAR_8(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGEPSHA ;// save A registerLDAA 0,X ;// save page registerSTAB 0,X ;// set page registerLDAB 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites pageSTAA 0,X ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerPULX ;// restore X registerRTSL_NOPAGE:LDAB 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites pagePULX ;// restore X registerRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {PSHA ;// save A registerLDAA PAGE_ADDR ;// save page registerSTAB PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerLDAB 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites pageSTAA PAGE_ADDR ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _LOAD_FAR_16 --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument.Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address in the B registerResult :- value to be read in the Y register- all other registers remains unchanged- all page register still contain the same value--------------------------- _LOAD_FAR_16 ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _LOAD_FAR_16(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGEPSHA ;// save A registerLDAA 0,X ;// save page registerSTAB 0,X ;// set page registerLDY 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites addressSTAA 0,X ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerPULX ;// restore X registerRTSL_NOPAGE:LDY 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites addressPULX ;// restore X registerRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {PSHA ;// save A registerLDAA PAGE_ADDR ;// save page registerSTAB PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerLDY 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites addressSTAA PAGE_ADDR ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _LOAD_FAR_24 --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument. Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address in the B registerResult :- value to be read in the Y:B registers- all other registers remains unchanged- all page register still contain the same value--------------------------- _LOAD_FAR_24 ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _LOAD_FAR_24(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGEPSHA ;// save A registerLDAA 0,X ;// save page registerSTAB 0,X ;// set page registerLDAB 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites page of addressLDY 1,Y ;// actual load, overwrites offset of addressSTAA 0,X ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerPULX ;// restore X registerRTSL_NOPAGE:LDAB 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites page of addressLDY 1,Y ;// actual load, overwrites offset of addressPULX ;// restore X registerRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {PSHA ;// save A registerLDAA PAGE_ADDR ;// save page registerSTAB PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerLDAB 0,Y ;// actual load, overwrites page of addressLDY 1,Y ;// actual load, overwrites offset of addressSTAA PAGE_ADDR ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _LOAD_FAR_32 --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument.Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address in the B registerResult :- low 16 bit of value to be read in the D registers- high 16 bit of value to be read in the Y registers- all other registers remains unchanged- all page register still contain the same value--------------------------- _LOAD_FAR_32 ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _LOAD_FAR_32(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGELDAA 0,X ;// save page registerPSHA ;// put it onto the stackSTAB 0,X ;// set page registerLDD 2,Y ;// actual load, low wordLDY 0,Y ;// actual load, high wordMOVB 1,SP+,0,X ;// restore page registerPULX ;// restore X registerRTSL_NOPAGE:LDD 2,Y ;// actual load, low wordLDY 0,Y ;// actual load, high wordPULX ;// restore X registerRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {LDAA PAGE_ADDR ;// save page registerPSHA ;// put it onto the stackSTAB PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerLDD 2,Y ;// actual load, low wordLDY 0,Y ;// actual load, high wordMOVB 1,SP+,PAGE_ADDR ;// restore page registerRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _STORE_FAR_8 --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument.Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address in the B register- value to be stored in the B registerResult :- value stored at the address- all registers remains unchanged- all page register still contain the same value--------------------------- _STORE_FAR_8 ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _STORE_FAR_8(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGEPSHB ;// save B registerLDAB 0,X ;// save page registerMOVB 0,SP, 0,X ;// set page registerSTAA 0,Y ;// store the value passed in ASTAB 0,X ;// restore page registerPULB ;// restore B registerPULX ;// restore X registerRTSL_NOPAGE:STAA 0,Y ;// store the value passed in APULX ;// restore X registerRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {PSHB ;// save A registerLDAB PAGE_ADDR ;// save page registerMOVB 0,SP,PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerSTAA 0,Y ;// store the value passed in ASTAB PAGE_ADDR ;// restore page registerPULB ;// restore B registerRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _STORE_FAR_16 --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument.Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address in the B register- value to be stored in the X registerResult :- value stored at the address- all registers remains unchanged- all page register still contain the same value--------------------------- _STORE_FAR_16 ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _STORE_FAR_16(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGEPSHALDAA 0,X ;// save page registerSTAB 0,X ;// set page registerMOVW 1,SP,0,Y ;// store the value passed in XSTAA 0,X ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerPULX ;// restore X registerRTSL_NOPAGE:STX 0,Y ;// store the value passed in XPULX ;// restore X registerRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {PSHA ;// save A registerLDAA PAGE_ADDR ;// save page registerSTAB PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerSTX 0,Y ;// store the value passed in XSTAA PAGE_ADDR ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _STORE_FAR_24 --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument.Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address in the B register- value to be stored in the X:A registers (X : low 16 bit, A : high 8 bit)Result :- value stored at the address- all registers remains unchanged- all page register still contain the same value--------------------------- _STORE_FAR_24 ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _STORE_FAR_24(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGEPSHALDAA 0,X ;// save page registerSTAB 0,X ;// set page registerMOVW 1,SP, 1,Y ;// store the value passed in XMOVB 0,SP, 0,Y ;// store the value passed in ASTAA 0,X ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerPULX ;// restore X registerRTSL_NOPAGE:STX 1,Y ;// store the value passed in XSTAA 0,Y ;// store the value passed in XPULX ;// restore X registerRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {PSHA ;// save A registerLDAA PAGE_ADDR ;// save page registerSTAB PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerMOVB 0,SP, 0,Y ;// store the value passed in ASTX 1,Y ;// store the value passed in XSTAA PAGE_ADDR ;// restore page registerPULA ;// restore A registerRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _STORE_FAR_32 --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument.Arguments :- offset part of an address in the Y register- page part of an address is on the stack at 3,SP (just below the return address)- value to be stored in the X:D registers (D : low 16 bit, X : high 16 bit)Result :- value stored at the address- all registers remains unchanged- the page part is removed from the stack- all page register still contain the same value--------------------------- _STORE_FAR_32 ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _STORE_FAR_32(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {PSHX ;// save X register__PIC_JSR(_GET_PAGE_REG)BEQ L_NOPAGEPSHDLDAA 0,X ;// save page registerMOVB 6,SP, 0,X ;// set page registerMOVW 2,SP, 0,Y ;// store the value passed in X (high word)MOVW 0,SP, 2,Y ;// store the value passed in D (low word)STAA 0,X ;// restore page registerPULD ;// restore A registerBRA doneL_NOPAGE:MOVW 0,SP, 0,Y ;// store the value passed in X (high word)STD 2,Y ;// store the value passed in D (low word) done:PULX ;// restore X registerMOVW 0,SP, 1,+SP ;// move return addressRTS}#else /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */__asm {PSHD ;// save D registerLDAA PAGE_ADDR ;// save page registerLDAB 4,SP ;// load page part of addressSTAB PAGE_ADDR ;// set page registerSTX 0,Y ;// store the value passed in XMOVW 0,SP, 2,Y ;// store the value passed in D (low word)STAA PAGE_ADDR ;// restore page registerPULD ;// restore D registerMOVW 0,SP, 1,+SP ;// move return addressRTS}#endif /* USE_SEVERAL_PAGES */}/*--------------------------- _FAR_COPY_RC --------------------------------This runtime routine is used to access paged memory via a runtime function.It may also be used if the compiler option -Cp is not used with the runtime argument.Arguments :- offset part of the source int the X register- page part of the source in the A register- offset part of the dest int the Y register- page part of the dest in the B register- number of bytes to be copied is defined by the next 2 bytes after the return address.Result :- memory area copied- no registers are saved, i.e. all registers may be destroyed- all page register still contain the same value as before the call- the function returns after the constant defining the number of bytes to be copiedstack-structure at the loop-label:0,SP : destination offset2,SP : source page3,SP : destination page4,SP : source offset6,SP : points to length to be copied. This function returns after the sizeA usual call to this function looks like:struct Huge src, dest;; ...LDX #srcLDAA #PAGE(src)LDY #destLDAB #PAGE(dest)JSR _FAR_COPY_RCDC.W sizeof(struct Huge); ...--------------------------- _FAR_COPY_RC ----------------------------------*/#ifdef __cplusplusextern "C"#endif#pragma NO_ENTRY#pragma NO_EXIT#pragma NO_FRAMEvoid NEAR _FAR_COPY_RC(void) {#if USE_SEVERAL_PAGES__asm {DEX ;// source addr-=1, because loop counter ends at 1PSHX ;// save source offsetPSHD ;// save both pagesDEY ;// destination addr-=1, because loop counter ends at 1PSHY ;// save destination offsetLDY 6,SP ;// Load Return addressLDX 2,Y+ ;// Load Size to copySTY 6,SP ;// Store adjusted return addressloop:LDD 4,SP ;// load source offset。
