常用眼科英语会话-2课件资料

主诉complain [kəmˈplein]视物模糊blurred vision视力减退visual deterioration [dɪˌtɪrɪəˈreɪʃən]视力疲劳asthenopia / eye strain [ˌæsθiˈnəupiə]〔Asth [英汉医学名词] 视疲劳。

〕视物变形metamorphosis [ˌmetəˈmɔ:fəsis] (metamorphosis变态，变形变质：尤指发育上从一个阶段转向另一阶段的变化，例如从幼虫变为成虫。

meta- denoting achange of position or condition 表示“变化〞，“变位〞，“改变〞，“变换〞morphosis [mɔ:ˈfəusis] 形态形成。

)流泪lacrimation [ˌlækriˈmeiʃən] (lacrima [ˈlækrimə] n.泪lacrimat adj.泪的,流泪的,啜泣的,泪腺的lacrimalD.J.[ˈlækrəməl] K.K.[ˈlækrəməl] adj.泪腺的,泪的,满是泪水的)溢泪epiphora [iˈpifərə] (语源late 16th cent. (in sense 2): via Latin from Greek epi 'upon' +pherein 'to bear or carry'. Sense 1 dates from the mid 17th cent)眼痛ophthalmalgia怕光photophobia [ˌfəutəuˈfəubiə](phobia D.J.[ˈfəʊbi:ə];K.K.[ˈfobiə] n.恐惧, 厌恶)复视diplopia [diˈpləupiə]眼球突出exophthalmos [ˌeksɔfˈθælmɔs] (exophthalmus exo- prefix external; fromoutside表示“外部的"；“从外部ophthalmic D.J.[ɔfˈθælmik] K.K.[ɑfˈθælmɪk,ɑp-] adj.眼的,眼科的n.眼药语源：early 17th cent.: from modern Latinexophthalmus, from Greek exophthalmos 'having prominent eyes', from ex- 'out'+ ophthalmos 'eye')飞蚊症Muscae volitantes [ˌmʌsiː ˌvɒlɪˈtantiːz](Muscae (所有格)苍蝇座muscae［拉］〔单musca〕蝇; volitation D.J.[ˌvɔliˈteiʃən] n.飞翔volitantD.J.[ˈvɔlitənt] adj.能飞的,飞的,活动的)虹视halo vision (halo D.J.[ˈheɪləʊ] K.K.[ˈhelo] n.(图画中圣人头上的)光环,灵光)异物感foreign body sensation眼干dryness of eyes眼磨scratching sensation (scratching 刮痕)烧灼感burning sensation刺痛stabbing pain眼睑eyelid睑缘炎blepharitis 语源mid 19th cent.: from Greek blepharon 'eyelid' + -itis睫毛eyelash睑下垂ptosis [ˈptəusis]睑外翻ectropian [ekˈtrəupjən] (ec- 外的tropia，斜视)裂隙灯slit lamp 〔slit 切开，撕开；裂缝〕发痒itch [itʃ]睑内翻entropion 〔en- 在。

眼镜验光专业英语会话资料屈光检查专业英语会话（1）接待ReceptionA：你好，欢迎!Welcome,nice to meet you!B：你好。

Hi.A：我能给你什么帮助吗？What can I do for you?B：我需要配一副眼镜，因为我的视力模糊。

I need to wear a lens,for my sight is blur.A：好的，让我来帮助你，你是看远不清楚还是看近不清楚？Well,let me help you.Please tell me whether the near or distance is blurred. B：好象看远看近都不清楚，可能主要是看远不清楚。

Perhaps both,but may be distance.A：这种现象有多长时间？How long has it lasted?B：大约有半年了。

About half a year.A：你曾经戴过眼镜吗？Have you ever worn lenses?B：从来没有戴过。

Never.A：你的父母戴眼镜吗？What about your parents?B：是的，我的父亲戴眼镜。

Yes,my father wears glasses.A：能告诉我你父亲是近视还是老视眼吗？Would you tell me whether your father has myopia or presbyopia? B：哦，我不知道。

可能是近视眼吧。

Mm,I don't know.Maybe myopia.A：你过去患过什么病吗，比如肾炎、糖尿病或青光眼等？Have you ever been sick,such as nephritis,diabetes or glaucoma,etc.? B：没有。

No,I haven't.A：你希望戴框架眼镜还是隐形眼镜呢？Would you prefer frame eyeglasses or contact lenses?B：我要戴框架眼镜。

眼科小常识英语一、眼科基本结构相关小常识（词汇与简单描述）1. Eye Parts（眼睛的组成部分）- Cornea（角膜）- It is the clear front part of the eye. It acts like a window, allowing light to enter the eye. It is very sensitive and has no blood vessels. For example, if something scratches the cornea, it can be very painful and may affect vision.- Iris（虹膜）- The iris is the colored part of the eye. It controls the amount of light that enters the eye by changing the size of the pupil. People have different iris colors, such as blue, brown, green, etc.- Pupil（瞳孔）- The pupil is the black circular opening in the center of the iris. In bright light, the pupil gets smaller to let in less light. In dim light, it gets larger to allow more light in.- Lens（晶状体）- The lens is a clear, flexible structure behind the iris. It focuses light onto the retina. As people age, the lens may become less flexible, which can lead to problems like presbyopia (difficulty in seeing close objects clearly).- Retina（视网膜）- The retina is like the film in a camera. It contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that detect light and convert it into electrical signals. These signals are then sent to the brain through the optic nerve. Diseases of the retina, such as macular degeneration, can cause vision loss.- Optic Nerve（视神经）- The optic nerve is a bundle of nerve fibers that carries the electrical signals from the retina to the brain. Any damage to the optic nerve can result in vision problems. For example, glaucoma can damage the optic nerve over time if not treated properly.2. Eye Movements（眼睛的运动）- The eyes can move in different directions. There are six extraocular muscles that control eye movements. These muscles work together to allow the eyes to look up, down, left, right, and in diagonal directions. For example, when we read, our eyes move smoothly across the page, which is called smooth pursuit movement. When we quickly shift our gaze from one object to another, it is called saccadic movement.二、Common Eye Problems（常见的眼部问题）1. Myopia (Nearsightedness)（近视）- Cause（原因）- Myopia often occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved. As a result, light focuses in front of the retina instead of directly on it. Genetic factors play a role, and also excessive near - work, such as spending a lot of time reading or using electronic devices at a close distance, can contribute to its development.- Symptoms（症状）- People with myopia have difficulty seeing distant objects clearly. For example, they may have trouble reading road signs from a distance or seeing the blackboard clearly in a classroom.- Treatment（治疗）- Glasses or contact lenses are the most common treatments. They help to correct the refractive error so that light focuses properly on the retina. Another option is refractive surgery, such as LASIK (Laser - Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis), which can reshape the cornea to improve vision.2. Hyperopia (Farsightedness)（远视）- Cause（原因）- Hyperopia usually happens when the eyeball is too short or the refractive power of the eye is too weak. This causes light to focus behind the retina. It can also be related to genetics.- Symptoms（症状）- People with hyperopia may have trouble seeing close objects clearly. They may experience eye strain when doing close - work like reading or sewing for a long time.- Treatment（治疗）- Similar to myopia, glasses or contact lenses can be used to correct hyperopia. In some cases, surgical options may also be considered.3. Astigmatism（散光）- Cause（原因）- Astigmatism is caused by an irregularly shaped cornea or lens. Instead of having a spherical shape, the cornea or lens may be more oval - shaped. This causes light to focus at different points on the retina, resulting in blurry vision.- Symptoms（症状）- Blurred vision at all distances is a common symptom. People with astigmatism may also experience eye fatigue, headaches, and difficulty seeing fine details.- Treatment（治疗）- Glasses or contact lenses with a special prescription can correct astigmatism. Some people may also be suitable for refractive surgery.4. Cataract（白内障）- Cause（原因）- Cataract is mainly due to the aging process. The lens in the eye gradually becomes cloudy. Other factors such as long - term exposure to ultraviolet light, certain medications, diabetes, and smoking can also increase the risk of developing cataracts.- Symptoms（症状）- Blurred vision, faded colors, sensitivity to light, and double vision in one eye are some of the symptoms. As the cataract progresses, vision can become severely impaired.- Treatment（治疗）- The most effective treatment is cataract surgery. During the surgery, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with an artificial intraocular lens.三、Eye Care（眼部护理）1. Diet for Eye Health（有益于眼部健康的饮食）- Foods Rich in Vitamin A（富含维生素A的食物）- Vitamin A is essential for good vision, especially for the function of the retina. Foods like carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, and liver are rich in vitamin A. Eating these foods can help prevent night blindness and maintain the health of the eyes.- Foods with Antioxidants（含抗氧化剂的食物）- Antioxidants such as lutein and zeaxanthin are important for the eyes. They are found in green leafy vegetables like kale and broccoli, as well as in eggs. These antioxidants can help protect the eyes from damage caused by free radicals, which may be related to age - related macular degeneration.- Omega - 3 Fatty Acids（欧米伽 - 3脂肪酸）- Omega - 3 fatty acids are beneficial for eye health. They can be found in fatty fish like salmon, tuna, and mackerel. These fatty acids may help reduce the risk of dry eyes and macular degeneration.2. Eye Exercises（眼部运动）- Palming（手掌按摩法）- Rub your hands together to warm them up. Then gently place your palms over your closed eyes. Make sure no light enters. Relax and breathe deeply for a few minutes. This can help relieve eye strain.- Eye Rolling（眼球转动）- Slowly roll your eyes in a circular motion, first clockwise and then counterclockwise. Do this a few times. It can help improve the flexibility of the eye muscles.- Focus Shifting（焦点转换）- Hold your finger about 10 inches in front of your face. Focus on it for a few seconds, then shift your focus to an object in the distance. Repeat this several times. This exercise can help improve the focusing ability of the eyes.3. Protecting Your Eyes from the Sun（保护眼睛免受阳光伤害）- Wear sunglasses that block both UVA and UVB rays when you are outdoors. Sunglasses not only protect your eyes from the harmful effects of ultraviolet light, which can cause cataracts and other eye problems, but also reduce glare, making it more comfortable to be outside. A wide - brimmed hat can also provide additional protection for the eyes.。

ENGLISH GUIDE TO COMMON EXAMINATION PHRASESOCULAR DISEASEANTERIOR SEGME~NTLIDSPTHIRIASIS PALPEBRUM (PEDICULOSIS)1 You have lice infestation on your eyelids and lashes. This is controlled with the ointment that may causetemporary blurry vision. The ointment acts as a blanket to suffocate the lice. Then, I will remove them. Also, use Kwell shampoo to get rid of lice on your hair. I will write down the name for you and you can usually buy that kind of shampoo from any pharmacy or Walmart. Inform your sexual partner of this situation so they can get checked.You also need to wash all your bedding and clothes in hot water. I want to see you back in a week for your follow-up.DEMODEX“My eyelids feel so itchy. I have been loosing a lot of eyelashes.”2 Demodex are mites which all people carry in their eyelash follicles. If they increase in number, this may causeirritation. You need to do lid hygiene QID to reduce the number of mites. I will also prescribe an antibiotic ointment to suffocate the mites. Apply it to the base of your lashes BID (am/pm) for 2 weeks. I want to see you back in 1 week for your follow-up.ENTROPION“I feel as though there is something (foreign body) in my eyes. I tear a lot to o.”3 Your lower lid has turned inward and the lashes are touching your eye, therefore, you feel the irritation. This isdue to age related changes or previous trauma. What I am most concerned about is that your lashes rub against your cornea constantly. Luckily your cornea looks healthy. (If there is SPK) I will prescribe an antibiotic ointment that you need to apply TID. This is not a permanent treatment, but I will tape your eyelid so that its not tumed inward. (Symptomatic) Since you feel so uncomfortable, what I can do today is pluck out your lashes.But they will grow back so I need to see you back in a week for follow-up. We will discuss about the need for surgery if necessary, during your next visit. I the mean time, I want you to use this Ab. Opthal. gtt. QID for 10 days.ECTROPION“My eye feels irritated and watery all the time.”4 Your lower lid has turned outward. This could be due to the aging process, 7th nerve palsy, scaring contractionor muscular weakness. I will prescribe artificial tears for you to use QID. Your eyes are dry all the time so it's susceptible to infection. I need to prescribe an antibiotic ung and gtt to use QID for a week. Please come back in a week for follow-up. If necessary, I will refer you for surgery.TRICHIASIS“1 get this foreign body sensation and my eye team all the time.”5 The irritation is due to some eyelashes that‟s been grown Inward instead of curling out There's just a few, so Ican remove them for you. But I see the your lashes had been rubbing against your cornea for some time and I need to prescribe an antibiotic ung for you to use for 7 days to relieve the irritation it caused on your cornea. BLEPHAROSPASM“My friends tell me to get some help because at times, I can't control the way blink. My eyelids suddenly closes involuntarily.”6 Do you notice if it happens while you are sleeping too? If so, there is damage to your 7th nerve. I need to referyou for an MR I. Can you associate other symptoms along with this lid twitch such as pain, uttering bizarre sounds? Have you been on any medications lately? Do you drink a lot of caffeine? Have you been very stressful lately? On a scale of 1 - 10 with 10 being the most severe, how would you rate your problem: very bothersome, so so or not too bad. If it bothers you too much, I recommend injection of Botox around this part of your lid. What it will do is relax your eye muscles around that area. This treatment is good for 3 months.EXTERNAL HORDEOLUM“I feel a painful bump on my lid.”7 This is the common stye which is a bacterial infection of the glands of the lid margins called glands of zeiss andmoll. The condition resolves on its own in about a week or so. Warm soaks speeds up healing. Use a hard boiled egg or potato wrapped around a towel and leave it on the affected area with your eyes closed for 20 minutes QID while gently massaging that area. It's also important to keep your eyelids clean. But it might be too painful now for you to start. Once your stye heals, it is a good idea to do lid scrubs TID to keep the area clean.Use baby shampoo diluted with warm water so that it wonl sting your eyes. Use a clean face cloth and rub against the base of your lashes. I want to see you back in 3 days for a quick follow-up to see how things are. If it doesn't heal after 3 weeks, please come back to see me.INTERNAL HORDEOLUM“There is this painful bump on my lid. it started about 4 days ago and now it getting worse.”8 I need to flip your upper eyelids. It won~ be painful. You might have done this when you were a little kid playingwith your friends. Just look down. You will feel a pressure sensation but continue to look down. You have a bacterial Infection of the eyelid. It's important that you do lid hygiene to prevent this condition from getting worse.Symptoms may increase for a clay after doing warm soaks but this will increase the speed of healing. Come back in 3 days so I can see how you are doing or if you have any questions for me.CHALAZlON“There is a lump on my lid. But it's not painful. It's been there for weeks now but hasn't heal yet. I thought I should come by to have you take a look and see if it's anything serious.”9 You have a condition in which your meibomian glands are plugged up. Do warm soaks QlD for 20 minutesfollowed by digital massage. There is dead debris in the meibomian glands, which are not active. That is why there is a bump there. Warm soaks and digital massage will speed up the healing process. Come back in 2 weeks for a quick follow-up. Be aware of re-occurrences. So after it heals, I recommend that you do lid hygiene to that area clean.PRESEPTAL CELILUUTIS“My eyelids are red and painful. It's swollen!”10 You have a bacterial infection of the eyelids. It's important that it doesn't spread to other areas. So I want to seeyou everyday to monitor it's progression. Warm compresses QID will calm the pain. I will prescribe eye gtts, ung.and oral antibiotics to fight the infection. Are you pregnant or breast feeding? Tetracycline works very well in fighting off the infection. I need you to take this four times a day for a total of 10 days I hour before eating or two hours after eating. There are some dietary restrictions. Remember not to take in any dairy products such as milk with the medication. There is also increased sensitivity to sunlight. So remember to put on sun block whenever you are outdoors. It's important you come back for your follow-up appointments.ORBITAL CELLULITIS“I am just recovering from a dental infection and now I'm having problems with my eyes. They're very painful. I can't even open or move them.”11 There is serious infection of your eye which is very dangerous. I need you in the hospital immediately! CONJUNCTIVAPINGUECULA12 You may even notice this yourself when you look in the mirror. The white part of your eyes has a patch ofyellowish overgrowth. We call this pinguecula. It is due to over exposure to UV rays. It's normal. Just like how our skin changes color when exposed to too much UV radiation, the skin of your eyes does the same thing. So it's important that you protect your eyes and get UV protection in your glasses.SLK (SUPERIOR UMBIC KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS)13 This is an inflammatory condition affecting your superior conjunctiva and cornea due to thyroid disease. Themedication may cause some stinging on instillation. I need to refer you to an internist for a thyroid work-up.Please come back in a week for follow-up.EPISCLERITS“2 days ago, I woke up and found the white part of my eye turned red. It fee l …hot‟.”14 There is an inflammation of the outer tissue of your eye. It's sometimes caused by stress. It should be gone in1-3 weeks. Cold compresses QID for 15 minutes plus artificial team such as Refresh Tears QID should speed recovery. If you need to give presentations and want to relieve the redness, you can use eye drops call vasoconstrictors. But please use It sparingly because excessive use makes it worse.SCLERITIS15 There is an inflammation of the front part of your eye, which could become very serious. You must take yourmeds. This is usually related to systemic diseases. Should resolve in 2-3 months. But I need you to go to the internist for a systemic work-up. Please come back in 2 days for your follow-up appointment so I can monitor your condition closely.CONJUNCTIVITISHYPERACUTE BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS“I wake-up and my lids are stuck together. My eyes are so red and painful.”16 The cause of inflammation is sexually transmitted disease. There is also a severe bacterial infection present inyour eye. The systemic and ocular drugs are to kill the bacteria and hourly irrigation will wash out the bacteria from your eye. I strongly recommend that you and your sexual partner seek medical care for this venereal disease.ACUTE BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS“I woke-up this morning and can~ open my eye. My lids are stuck together. There is this green-yellowish discharge. My eye is beefy red and painful.”17 You have a bacterial infection in your eye. The toxins produced by the bacteria cling to your lids at night causingyour lids to stick together in the morning. The warm compresses QID for 20 minutes improve blood circulation in the lids and help cleanse the deposits around lids. Water irrigation washes bacteria out of your eyes. Hand washing and quarantine from school (work) are to prevent further spreading. Remember to take your eye drop medication. I want to see you back in 2 days for a follow-up.CHRONIC BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS18 There is a bacterial infection in your eye and this is due to poor lid hygiene. You must take your medication anddo lid hygiene. This lid disease can recur if not treated. So I need you to do lid scrubs TID and apply the Ab.Ophthal. gtt. QID during the day and apply this ung. QHS. Come back in 3 days so I can see how well you are responding to this treatment.GPC (GIANT PAPILLARY CONJUNCTIVITIS)19 You have a reaction due to poor contact lens hygiene and contact lens over wear. You shouldn‟t be wearingyour contacts until this resolves. Cold compresses and AT QID will help relieve your symptoms. I want to see you back in 7 days. We need to refit you with new contacts to something that's healthier for your eyes.EKC (EPIDEMIC KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS)“My eye is red and there's watery discharge.”20 It is a viral infection also known as 'pink eye' that must run its course. My recommendations will make you feelmore comfortable and speed up the progress. Use AT QID and cool compresses to relieve the irritation. Wear sunglasses when you go outside since you are more sensitive to sunglasses. Beware of its very contagious nature. Come back in a week for a follow-up.PCF (PHARYNGOCONJUNCTIVL FEVER)21 It is a viral infection that must run its course. My recommendations (AT QID, cool compresses QID, Vasoc, on-AQID) will help relieve symptoms. The condition is very contagious and re-infection is possible. Wash clothing and bedding frequently. Also, you should not go to school for the time being. If “” complains of pain, then take Tylenol. Come back in 2-3 days for your follow-up appointment.CHLAMYDIAL INCLUSION CONJUNCTVITIS22 You have STD. You must inform your sexual partner of the need for treatment. As for treatment, there are twooptions. One is expensive and the other is practical. Of course you pay your money's worth. You just have to take one pin only once. For the less expensive option, It works just as well. But it's not as convenient. You need to take the medication QID for a total of 3 weeks on top of following some dietary restrictions. Please come back in 2 weeks for your follow-up appointment.ALLERGIC CONJUNCTVITIS (TYPE Ⅰ)“ My eyes feel very itchy.”23 You have hay fever causing your eye inflammation. Alternating Cool/warm compresses QID for 20 minutesand AT& Vasocon-A QID will reduce itching and make you feel better. Come back in a week for your follow-up appointment. Next year, I want to see you back a month before your allergy starts so we can staff you off on a better medication to better treat your allergies.ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS (TYPE Ⅳ)“ My eyes bum and sting.”24 Your condition is due to environmental conditions such as smog, the wind, and air conditioning. You need toprotect your eyes from these irritants or remove the irritants if possible. 50% of the symptoms relieved is considered successful. AT QID +cold compresses + Acular QID will help relieve your symptoms.VERNAL CONJUNCTIVITIS25 You have allergic conjunctivitis. This is more common in spring and summer. Kids usually grow out of it. It canlast 4-10 years. The eye drops and cool compresses will make relieve inflammation and swelling to make your eyes feel more comfortable. Next year come in a few weeks prior to allergy season to begin a mast-cell stabilizer therapy. I want you to come back in 2 days for your foaow-up appointment.TOXIC KERATOCONJUNCTNITIS26 You are having a toxic reaction to your eye drops (Make-up). Let's find out the cause so you know to avoid usingit next time. You shouldn't stop your glaucoma medications. But I will discuss with your doctor and see if we can change you're the medication. Come back in a week for your follow-up appointment.CORNEAPTERYGIUM27 There is an overgrowth of tissue going onto the comea. Use of AT QlD will increase comfort. Protect your eyesfrom the sun, dust and wind using UV sunglasses. Surgical removal is possible but it will grow back. CORNEAL ABRASION28 Trauma to your eye scratched your cornea. I need to thoroughly exam your eyes to make sure the there is noforeign body stuck inside and see how deep the cut is. There is no need for patching but I need to prescribe eye drops to prevent infection. I will prescribe a pain medication eye drop that you can use QID incase it gets too painful. I need to follow-up your condition everyday until it heals.FOREIGN BODY29 Foreign matter has been embedded into the front part of your eye. Remember to wear safety eyewear next time.PHLYCTENULOSIS30 This is allergic hypersensitivity reaction to bacteria or their waste products. We need to treat the underlyingcondition (staphylococcal blepharitis or TB). I need to refer you to your PCP for PPD test or chest X-ray to rule out TB. In the mean time, I need you to start this Ab. Therapy for a period of 2-4 weeks and do lid scrubs TID.Come back next week for your follow-up.HSK (HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS)31 You have a viral infection, it's caused by the same virus that you get cold sores from. I don't want your,infectionto spread so it is important that you take these medications. You must put a drop q2h nine times a day. I need to see you back everyday to see how you are responding to these drops. When I see improvement then we will taper the drops.HZO (HERPES ZOSTER OPHTHALMICUS)32 Your condition is due to the reactivation of the chicken pox virus which lies dormant in your nerves. It mayspread by inhalation to persons never infected before. To prevent scar, restrain from itching vesicles. I need to prescribe oral medication call Famciclovir for you to take right away TID for a period of 10 days. I will also prescribe some eye drops to calm the inflammation inside your eye. When it feels painful, do cool compresses and just in case, I will prescribe an oral medication for you to take BID if the cool compresses does not work. MARGINAL LIMBAL INFILTRATES33 Your immune system is responding to the exotoxins produced by bacterial infections. There are two steps weneed to take in order to clear this infection. First we need to keep this infection under control. Second we need to clear all the ddstructive toxins that had already been produced. Do eyelid scrubs TID and also one drop of this AB (gentamicin or ciprofioxacin) eye gtt QID. The gtts. Kill the bacteria and helps wash the bacteria away from your lid margins. Come back tomorrow, the same time so I can see how you are responding to the eye gtts. I expect to see some signs of improvement in two days.CORNEAL ULCER“ My eyes are extremely painful. I can't even put my contacts on.”34 You have a severe bacterial infection that has caused an ulcer in your eye. You shouldn't be wearing yourcontacts until this completely resolves. It is crucial that you stay compliant with the medication or else the infection spreads and severely affects your vision permanently. Also, you need to come in same time, everyday so we can monitor the healing process. The first medication I will prescribe is a top line antibiotic, Zymar / Vigamox that should keep things under control. You must obediently follow these directions: 1 gtt q30 min for the first 24 hrs. That means even when you sleep, set your alarm or have someone help you out to put your drops in. Another eye drop I will prescribe helps to improve comfort. Put l gtt of Scopolamine TID. Doing cool compresses helps as well. Once I see your eye responding well to the medications, then we need to add another type of eye drop to this regimen to minimize any scarring.RENCURRENT CORNEAL EROSION35 The top layer of your cornea is loosely adhered to the other layers and in the morning your eyelids pull off thistop layer. SCL's will protect it from the lid. I will also prescribe an eye gtt to use QID and ung to use at night to reduce the swelling.FICH'S DSTROPHY36 You have a hereditary condition that affects the front part of your eyes. This front part consists of 5 layers:epithelium, bowman's, stroma, descemet's membrane and endothelial layer. The pump that keeps fluid out of these layers has broken down with age and causes your cornea to swell. The progression of your condition called Fuch's D is divided into 3 stages. You are now at the beginning stage. You don't feel anything but I see the signs while examining your eyes. As it progresses to the second stage, you will start to become more bothered by glare and expect your vision to drop 2-3 lines. In its last stage, we will need to see whether there isa need for corneal transplant. Right now, will prescribe an eye drop that helps to control the corneal swelling.But it may sting. I also recommend using a hair dryer to help dry out the surface.KERATOCONUS37 You have a condition where the front part of your eye, called the cornea is getting thinner and so it is bulging out.We don l know the cause but for now, glasses can still improve your vision. In the future, you need to be fitted with rigid contact lens to provide optimum correction.IRITIS/UVEITISTRAUMATIC IRITIS38 You have an inflammation at the colored part of your eye, your iris. It was due to the trauma you had. It is veryimportant that you come back for subsequent follow-up exams. I will now prescribe eye drops that will calm the inflammation. The drops work very well. But make sure you remember to shake the bottle before you put it in your eye. It is a suspension, so you really need to shake it well. It is very important that you do not stop the medication yourself. If you stop it too early, it may worsen your condition and make it very difficult to treat afterwards. Do you have any questions?SYSTEMIC DISEASEILNEITIS39 You have an inflammation of the colored part of your eye. Our goal is to calm the inflammation as well asdecrease the pain. 1 gtt of homatropine QID, and I gtt of Prd Forte q3h. Come back tomorrow. Since this is the third time you've had this, I need to refer you for some testing to make sure it's not any systemic condition causing the inflammation.OCULAR ROSACEA40 This is a non-contagious disorder of the oil glands and blood vessels near the skin surface. It can be effectivelytreated with antibiotics, which should be taken one hour before meals or 2 hours alter. Be aware of sunlight sensitivity.41 There is a break in a tissue layer in the back of your eye. We need to monitor this condition for vessel growth,which can lead to bleeding and cause damage to the tissues of your eye, ultimately causing a decrease in vision.ENGLISH GUIDE TO COMMON EXAMINATION PHRASESOCULAR DISEASEPOSTERIOR SEGMENT EXAMINATIONRETINAARTERIES/VEINSCRVO(CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION)“Everything suddenly went dark in my right eye. It wasn't painful. But I can see anything through that eye. All I can make out are your fing ers”1 You had a stroke in your eye due to blocked arteries. This is probably a result, of an underlying systemic condition.I need you to close your eyes and I will touch your eyelids in order to massage them. Now hold this paper bag, takea deep breath and hold then breath into the bag.ANTERIOR CHAMBER PARACENTESIS2 We need to drain a little bit of fluid from your eyes. This procedure may improve your present visual acuity. Are you allergic to numbing drops? Please relax your eyes. I need to numb one of your eye muscles. You will feel a pressure sensation. Just keep your eyes turned towards the side. Look at where my fingers are.3 Now I need you to take this pill. It helps reduce your eye pressure to prevent further damage.WORK-UP4 I need to find the underlying cause of your condition. Your vision will not improve. But we need to preserve what remains. Follow-up is important. I also need to refer you to an internist for a complete workup. They will need to run blood tests (FBS, CBC, PT/PTT, ANA, FTA-ABS) and so fourth (Carotid Doppler, ultrasound, ECG). I need to see you back in 3-4 weeks to make sure there are no signs of oxygen deprivation damage.I will have my staff make that appointment for you.BRVO(BRABCH RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION)5 You have a partial stroke to your eye due to blocked artery. This is probably due to an underlying systemic condition. I need to see you back in 3-6 months to monitor your condition. Follow-up is important so please don't forget.CRVO(CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION)You have a blockage in the drainage system of blood in your eye. It is causing blood to leak out of vessels, which is the cause of your visual problems. We need to find out the underlying cause. Are you on any. medications such as oral contraceptives? Do you remember the name of your blood pressure pill? I need to discuss with your doctor and see if it's advisable to change your medication. I also need to refer you to an internist for a blood work-up. I recommend we do a fluorescein angiography. It's a special test that will give me better information as to the extent of vessel blockage. I will need to inject this yellow dye into your system. We will then take photos of the back part of your eyes. When you go outside, it is important that you have sun protection and cover your skin because this dye makes your skin more sensitive to the sun. Some patients have even told me when they go to the bathroom, their urine turns yellow. But this won't be permanent. I need to see you back every 4 weeks for these first six months to closely monitor for signs of oxygen deprivation.BRVO(BRABCH RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION)7 You have a partial blockage of the drainage system of blood in your eye. It is causing blood to leak out of vessels, which is causing your visual problems. We need to find out the underlying cause. This is usually related to hypertension (HTN) or diabetes. I need to refer you to an internist for blood testing. I need you to come back every 1-2 months to monitor the blood leakage and for initial signs of oxygen deprivation so we can treat you right away. DIABETIC RETINOPATHY8 You have a condition called Diabetes (DM), which is increased blood sugar, and this is affecting your vision. We need to refer you to an intemist to control the underlying cause with medications. Regular eye exams are important to monitor for progression.9 What's your fasting blood sugar level? Do you remember your glycosylated hemoglobin #? It is important to try tokeep that number ＜6.5-7.0%.DIABETES WITHOUT RETINOPATHY10 Your eyes look great. I don't see any signs of diabetes. Keep up the good job in controlling your blood sugar level.I want to see you back every year looking this way.11 Since you are just in your first trimester and knowing that you are diabetic, I want to monitor your eyes closely. Everything today looks perfect. Please come back in 6 months so I can check up of things again.DIABETES WITH MILD NPDR12 I see early signs of diabetes affecting your eyes. If you've had diabetes for over 15 years, it's expected. I need you to come back for a dilated exam in 6 months to monitor your condition.13 You are just in your first trimester. I do see very mild, trace signs of blood leakage. It is of no major concern at this time. I need to monitor its progression closely. Many 'have shown regression soon alter birth. So I will just need to follow up again when you've reached your second and third trimester.DIABETES WITH MODERATE TO SEVERE NPDR14 I see early signs of oxygen deprivation at the back of your eyes due to your diabetes. I need to see you back in 3 months to monitor your condition. No treatment is necessary at this time.HIGH RISK NPDR(PREGNANT)15 I see signs of oxygen deprivation at the back of your eyes. There is a 50/50 chance it will progress. But I‟ve seen regression after birth. Please come back next month so I can monitor for any changes.PDR16 We need to work on how to better control your diabetes. It is affecting your eyes in a way that can result in vision loss. I need to see you back in one month.HIGH RISK PDR/CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT EDEMA(CSME)17 You need laser beatment to prevent further vision loss. We call it Panretinal Laser Photocoagulation (Focal laser treatment). I am seeing new blood vessels growth at the optic disc (around your retina/iris) which shouldn't be there. It tells me that your eyes are not getting oxygen and your system is creating new vessels in response to that. You are now at very high risk for visual loss. In order to preserve what you have, the laser will kill unnecessary retinal cells to decrease the oxygen demand. To put this another way, picture your retina as a forest. But it's suffering from a draught. There is a special tree inside the center of the forest that you must save. In order to do that, you need to kill rest of the trees around so they won't compete for water. Initially for the first week right after the treatment, you will think things looks worst (dimness of vision). But your eyes will adapt to this change.18 I need to beat you. but it does not indicate you need to terminate your pregnancy. I need to examine you every month. At around the time of labor, it's Important to monitor your condition. If I continue to see active PDR, I will need to communicate with your doctor. We should discuss about he need for cesarean section because the energy exerted during natural birth may cause hemorrhage inside your eyes which will result in complications of your vision and treatment regimen.HYPERTENSIVE RETINOPATHY19 Hypertension is usually asymptomatic, so it is important to check your blood pressure daily. We are finding changes related to HTN in your eye. Come back in 2 months for a follow-up so I can see if it resolves or not. ARTERIOSCLEROTIC RETINOPHY20 You have a condition from long-standing hypertension. You need to be referred to an internist to treat the underlying cause.TEMPORAL ARTERITIS(AION)21 You have an inflammation of the large and medium sized arteries. The cause is unknown. Medications must be taken to prevent involvement of the ether eye.MACULACELLOPHANE MACULOPATHY22 A membrane has grown in the back of your eye. This is not an urgent condition, but it needs to be monitored.Yearly follow-up examinations are a must to monitor the progression of your condition.。

医学英语眼科词汇大全医学英语眼科词汇大全醋氮酰胺acetazolamide 醋氮酰胺Diamoxd带状光检眼镜streak retinoscopy带状疱疹herpes zoster 单纯疱疹Herbert‘ pits蛋白质-能量营养不良PEM， protein-energy malnutrition 倒睫trichiasis低视力眼镜low vision spectacles 滴剂drops地理分布geographical distribution 地塞米松dexmethasone第一眼位primary position 点状角膜炎punctate keratitis碘iodine 碘苷idoxuridine电池batteries 电弧焊烧伤welder‘s arc burns垫睑板，用汤匙做成lid plates， made from spoons 调查surveys调节accommodation 丁烷气炉butane gas stoves对光反射light reflex 钝挫伤contusion injuriese儿科学paediatricsf发病率incidence 翻转上睑everting of eyes翻转上睑everting upper eyelid 防盲blindness prevention房角后退angle recession 房水aqueous fluid放射学radiology 非化脓性non-purulent非计划性的白内障囊外摘出术unplanned ECCE 非洲Africa肺炎双球菌pneumococcus spp. 分类法classifications分类法classifications 缝线sutures服务俱乐部service clubs 复视diplopia副交感神经拟似剂parasympathomimetics 腹泻diarrhoeag干眼dry eye 干眼症xerophthalmia干眼症xerophthalmia 干眼症的饮食治疗diet for xerophthalmia甘露醇mannitol 甘油glycerol杆体rods 感光perception of light感光器photoreceptors 钢，碳和不锈钢steel， carbon vs stainless 高渗药物 hyperosmotic drugs 高眼压hypertension， ocular高眼压ocular hypertension 革兰氏染色Gram‘s stain工业气体industrial gases 公共卫生public health公卫护士public health nursr 巩膜sclera巩膜炎scleritis 骨性眶bony orbit光感light perception 光投射projection of light光投照light projection 光学optics光学车间optical workshops 国家眼科项目national eye programmes过敏反应anaphylaxis 过敏性结膜炎allergic conjunctivitis过熟期白内障hypermature cataract 过熟期白内障Morgagnian cataract h河盲，盘尾丝虫病river blindness黑蝇simulium damnosum 红霉素erythromycin红眼red eye 虹膜iris虹膜睫状体炎iridocyclitis 虹膜麻痹iridoplegia虹膜膨隆iris bombe 虹膜切除术iridectomy虹膜切开术iridotomy 虹膜炎iritis后弹力膜Descemet‘s membrane 后段posterior segment后房posterior chamber 后囊下白内障posterior subcapsular cataract 后葡萄膜炎posterior uveitis 后粘连posterior synechiae护士nurse 化脓性purulent化脓性结膜炎purulent conjunctivitis 化学性烧伤chemical injuries 环苯妥（一种扩瞳剂）cyclopentolate 环状切开术peritomy患病率prevalence 黄斑变性macula degeneration磺胺醋酰钠sulphacetamide 磺胺药sulphonamides回形针paperclip 混浊opacitiesj机构，资源organizations， resource 交感性眼炎sympathetic ophthalmia交通事故accidents， automobile 肌肉muscles焦距focal length 角膜瘢痕corneal scarring激惹irritation 角膜擦伤abrasions ，corneal继发性青光眼secondary glaucoma 角膜后沉着（K.P）keratic precipitates家蝇house flies 角膜结膜炎keratoconjunctivitis甲醇methyl alcohol 角膜软化症keratomalacia钾丢失potassium loss 角膜炎keratitis假芽孢菌pseudomonas spp. 角膜缘limbus间接检眼镜indirect ophthalmoscopy 角膜真菌病keratomycosis间质混浊media opacities 接触镜（隐形眼镜）contact lenses减充血剂decongestants 街区local communities检查examination 结核trberculosis检查儿童时的约束restraint for examination of children结节切除术nodulectomy in onchocerciasis检影镜retinoscopy 结膜conjunctiva睑板tarsal plates 结膜黑色素瘤melanoma of conjunctiva睑结合膜tarsal conjunctiva 睑拉钩lid retractors结膜色素沉着pigmentation of conjunctiva 睑裂闭合不全（兔眼）lagophthalmos结膜水肿chemosis 睑裂缝合术tarsorrhaphy结膜下出血subconjunctival haemorrhage‘睑裂黄斑pingueculum结膜炎conjunctivitis 睑球粘连symblepharon睫毛cilia 睑腺glands of eyelids睫状充血ciliary flush 睑缘炎blepharitis睫状肌麻醉眼药水cycloplegic eye drops 碱水lye睫状体ciliary body 健康教育 education， health睫状体分离术cyclodialysis 降眼压药hypotensive agents， ocular 睫状体冷凝术cyclocryopexy 降眼压药ocular hypotensive agents交感神经能拟似药sympathomimeticsj机构，资源organizations， resource 交感性眼炎sympathetic ophthalmia交通事故accidents， automobile 肌肉muscles焦距focal length 角膜瘢痕corneal scarring激惹irritation 角膜擦伤abrasions ，corneal继发性青光眼secondary glaucoma 角膜后沉着（K.P）keratic precipitates家蝇house flies 角膜结膜炎keratoconjunctivitis甲醇methyl alcohol 角膜软化症keratomalacia钾丢失potassium loss 角膜炎keratitis假芽孢菌pseudomonas spp. 角膜缘limbus间接检眼镜indirect ophthalmoscopy 角膜真菌病keratomycosis间质混浊media opacities 接触镜（隐形眼镜）contact lenses减充血剂decongestants 街区local communities检查examination 结核trberculosis检查儿童时的约束restraint for examination of children结节切除术nodulectomy in onchocerciasis检影镜retinoscopy 结膜conjunctiva睑板tarsal plates 结膜黑色素瘤melanoma of conjunctiva睑结合膜tarsal conjunctiva 睑拉钩lid retractors结膜色素沉着pigmentation of conjunctiva 睑裂闭合不全（兔眼）lagophthalmos 结膜水肿chemosis 睑裂缝合术tarsorrhaphy结膜下出血subconjunctival haemorrhage‘睑裂黄斑pingueculum结膜炎conjunctivitis 睑球粘连symblepharon睫毛cilia 睑腺glands of eyelids睫状充血ciliary flush 睑缘炎blepharitis睫状肌麻醉眼药水cycloplegic eye drops 碱水lye睫状体ciliary body 健康教育 education， health睫状体分离术cyclodialysis 降眼压药hypotensive agents， ocular 睫状体冷凝术cyclocryopexy 降眼压药ocular hypotensive agents交感神经能拟似药sympathomimeticsk开睑器lid retractor开角型青光眼open angle glaucoma 抗生素antibiotics抗酸染色acid-fast stain 抗真菌剂antifungal agents科-维杆菌Koch-Weeks bacillus 克里百菌属Knives， surgical客观验光objective refraction 肯尼亚Kenya扩瞳剂miotics 扩瞳剂mydriatic eye dropsl拉钩（牵开器）retractors老视眼presbyopia 蓝多氏视力表C chart （Landoldt）泪膜tear film 泪阜caruncle泪囊炎dacrycystitis 泪器lacrimal system泪腺lacrimal gland 泪小点puncta泪小管canaliculi 泪小管炎canaliculitis类风湿关节炎rheumatoid arthritis 立体视stereopsis利多卡因lidocaine 裂隙灯检查slit lamp examination淋病gonorrhoea 淋菌性结膜炎gonococcal conjunctivitis淋球菌gonococcal 鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma流行病学epidemiology 流行病学家epidemiologists流行性出血性结膜炎epidemic haemorrhagic conjunctivitis 漏leaks颅内肿瘤intracranial mass 颅神经麻痹cranial nerve palsy滤过性手术 filtering surgery 氯霉素chloramphenicolm麻风leprosy 麻疹measles麻疹疫苗接种vaccination for measles麻醉，表面，局部anaesthesia， local， topical麦粒肿hordeolum 脉络膜choroid脉络膜视网膜炎chorioretinitis 脉络膜脱离choroid separation盲人定义blindness classification 毛果芸香碱pilocarpine梅毒lues， syphilis 梅毒syphilis媒介控制vector control 面对面视野粗试法cross-confrontation field testing n缪勒肌（平滑肌）Müller‘s muscles木醇wood alcohol 内翻entropion内斜视esotropia 内眼检查internal ocular examination奈瑟氏淋球菌Neisseria gonorrheae 囊膜capsule囊镊capsule forceps 尿素urea尿用于传统疗法urine as traditional remedy 牛眼buphthalmos，ox eye盘尾丝虫病onchocerciasis盘尾丝虫性脉络膜炎choroiditis in onchocerciasis 泡沫床垫foam mattresses 培训初保人员training of primary health care workers膨胀期白内障intumescent cataract皮肤结节skin nodules 皮质类固醇corticosteroids， steroids皮质类固醇steroids 破伤风预防tetanus prevention葡萄膜uveal tract 葡萄膜炎uveitis葡萄球菌Staphylococcus spp. 葡萄肿staphylomaq气候climates 汽车motor vehicles汽车头灯automobiles 汽炉（消毒器械用）gas stoves， for sterilizing instruments器械instruments 器械消毒sterilization of instruments前弹力膜Bowman‘s membrane 前段anterior segment前房anterior chamber 前房穿刺paracentesis of anterior chamber前房盥洗irrigation of anterior chamber 前房积脓hypopyon前房积血hyphema 前房角镜检查gonioscopy前粘连anterior synechiae 浅前房shallow青光眼glaucoma 青霉素penicillin氢氧化钙calcium hydroxide 氢氧化钾potassium hydroxide庆大霉素gentamicin 穹隆部 fornices球后神经阻滞retrobulbar nerve block 驱逐性出血expulsive haemorrhage驱逐性脉络膜出血expulsive choroidal haemorrhage 屈光refraction屈光不正ametrapia，refractice errors 屈光度（D）dioptre全科医生clinical officers 全葡萄膜炎panuveitisr热带气候tropical climates日光sunlight热烧灼thermal cautery人工晶体植入术intraocular lens implants人工泪液artificial tears人工晶体artificial intraocular lenses乳头papillae弱视amblyopia，lazy eyes噻吗心安timolol maleate （Timoptic）三级医院tertiary hospitals散光astigmatism沙眼trachoma沙眼瘢痕scars in trachoma沙眼的社区控制计划community control programmers for trachoma沙眼分期法grading system for trachoma 沙眼滤泡follicles in trachoma 沙眼衣原体Chlamydia trachomatis筛查screening上睑提肌levator palpebrae superioris muscles上斜视hypertropia烧伤burns 烧灼术cautery社区communities, local肾上腺素adrenaline，epinephrine狮子会Lions' Clubs石油进眼petrol in eyes世界卫生组织World Health Organization视杯cup, optic视觉残疾定义（WHO）visual disability, definition视觉神经通道neural pathways for vision视觉通路pathways for vision视觉障碍，分类（WHO）visual impairment, classification视力visual acuity 视乳头水肿papilledema视神经optic nerve视神经萎缩optic atrophy视网膜retina 视网膜变性degeneration of retina视网膜脱离detachment of retina 视像不等aniseikonia视野visual fields 视野检查perimetry试镜匣trial lens sets适宜技术appropriate technology嗜血菌属Haemophilus spp手法挤压manual expression手术surgery手术标志landmarks, anatomical手术放大镜operating loupes手术光源light source for surgery手术营地camps surgical手术用头架headrests, surgical输淋氏管Schlemm's canal术前护理pre-operative care树枝状角膜炎dendritic keratitis数指finger counting双眼视觉binocular vision水，滤过water, filtering司机drivers 撕裂伤lacerations四环素tetracycline 粟粒性phlyctenulet太阳灯性角膜炎sunlamp keratitis 碳酸酐酶抑制剂carbonic anhydrase inhibitors糖尿病diabetes mellitus 疼痛pain瞳孔pupils 瞳孔扩大，外伤性mydriasis, traumatic瞳孔扩大dilatation of pupils 瞳孔阻滞pupillary block偷针眼（麦粒肿）stys 透明质酸酶hyaluronidase托吡卡胺tropicamide 脱出prolapse脱离detachment 脱色素depigmentation脱位dislocation 脱位白内障luxated cataractw外伤injuries，trauma 外伤性瞳孔扩大traumatic mydriasis外斜视exotropia 外眼检查external ocular examination微孔滤过器millipore filters 微丝蚴microfilariae of ohchocerciasis维生素A vitamin A 卫生服务health services卫生计划者health planner 喂奶breast feeding文盲用视力表illiterate charts 无晶体眼aphakiax吸血海绵sponges,surgical细菌培养bacterial culture细菌性角膜溃疡bacterial corneal先天性白内障congenital cataract先天性青光眼congenital glaucoma显微镜检查microscopic examination线状刀Graefe knife霰粒肿chalazion香蕉bananas消毒方法sterile technique消瘦marasmus硝酸银silver nitrate小梁切除术trabeculectomy小梁网trabecular meshwork斜视squint，strabismus新生儿newborn新生儿结膜炎 neonatal conjunctivitis新生儿眼炎ophthalmia neonatorum新生血管性青光眼neovascularity secondary glaucoma 许氏眼压计Schiotz tonometers雪盲snow blindness血管翳pannus巡回眼科医疗队mobile eye unitsy压力锅消毒器械cooking pots for sterilizing instruments 压陷式眼压计indentation tonometers盐溶液saline solution眼保护罩protective eye shields眼部感染 eye infections眼部检查examination of eyes眼底fundus眼底镜检查ophthalmoscopy眼垫eye pads眼睑eyelids眼介质ocular media眼镜spectacles眼科包扎员dressers, ophthalmic眼科辅助人员ophthalmic auxiliaries眼科学，公共卫生ophthalmology, public health眼科医师ophthalmologists眼眶orbit 眼轮匝肌orbicularis oculi muscle眼内金属异物metallic intraocular foreign body眼内炎endophthalmitis眼内炎症intraocular inflammation眼内异物intraocular foreign bodies眼球eyeball 眼球表面伤surface injuries to eyeball眼球穿通伤 penetration injuries of eyeball眼球筋膜Tenon's capsule眼球痨phthisis bulbi眼球破裂ruptured globe眼球摘除术enucleation眼生理physiology of eye眼外肌extraocular muscles眼压测量tonometry眼压计tonometers眼罩eye shields药品的彩色编码color coding of drugs夜盲 night blindness医辅人员medical auxiliaries医疗记录medical records医院hospitals 医助medical assistants乙胺嗪枸橼酸盐（抗丝虫药）diethylcarbamazine citrate 乙膦硫胆碱（缩瞳剂）echothiophate异凡曼霉素（杀寄生虫药）ivermectin （Mectizan）异物foreign bodies翼状胬肉pterygium阴虱crab louse，phthirus pubis饮食史dietary history荧光素fluorescein营养不良malnutrition营养性盲nutritional blindness营养学家nutritionists用药medications瘀斑ecchymosis预防prevention预防新生儿淋病眼的方法（1%硝酸银）Crede prophylaxis 预防性眼保健preventive eye care远视眼far-sightedness , hyperopia云翳nebulaz粘连synechiae针拨术couching针孔试验pinhole test真菌性角膜溃疡 fungal corneal ulcer正常眼压青光眼normal-pressure glaucoma 正视眼emmetropia蜘蛛咬伤spider bites植物vegetable matter制霉菌素nystatin致盲性沙眼blinding trachoma致盲性营养不良blinding malnutrition痣nevus中间技术intermediate technology中央视力central vision周边虹膜切除术 peripheral iridectomy猪尾状探针pigtail probe主觉验光subjective refraction助产士midwives注吸器infusion-aspiration syringes锥体cones资源组织resource organizations紫外光ultraviolet light自动验光仪autorefractors自制酒distilled spirits眦canthi综合屈光检查仪 phoropters。