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西门子Teamcenter简介1.公司介绍西门子股份公司是全球领先的技术企业，创立于1847年，业务遍及全球200多个国家，专注于电气化、自动化和数字化领域。
作为世界最大的高效能源和资源节约型技术供应商之一，西门子在高效发电和输电解决方案、基础设施解决方案、工业自动化、驱动和软件解决方案，以及医疗成像设备和实验室诊断等领域占据领先地位。
西门子自1872年进入中国，2016财年（2015年10月1日至2016年9月30日），西门子在中国的总营收达到64.4亿欧元，拥有约31000名员工。
Siemens PLM Software（西门子工业软件），是全球领先的产品生命周期管理（PLM）和制造运营管理（MOM）软件、系统与服务提供商，拥有超过1500万套已发售软件，全球客户数量达14万多家。
公司总部位于美国德克萨斯州普莱诺市。
2.Teamcenter产品介绍Teamcenter是Siemens PLM Software产品生命周期管理解决方案的支柱之一，基于一个单一的、开放的、面向服务的体系构架，是业内首个将单个软件应用，转变为在SOA的基础上建立的，跨专业、跨项目阶段和计划的集成化PLM解决方案，为大小制造企业提供了平台可扩展性、应用丰富性以及可配置性。
Teamcenter全面统一的架构为企业提供了一套较为完整的端到端数字化生命周期管理解决方案，其功能主要包括：●系统工程和需求管理Teamcenter系统工程和需求管理为企业提供了一个系统的、可重复的解决方案，用于定义、捕捉、调整、管理和使用产品的需求数据，以确保根据产品需滶进行开发，使其符合战略意图、市场、客户需求以及法规要求，提高客户交付成功产品的能力。
●组合、计划和项目管理Teamcenter组合、计划和项目管理通过持续地控制正确的投资组合选择，使企业投资回报实现最大化。
使项目组合和项目计划、财务、资源、业务绩效与产品生命周期集成，与企业战略方向一致。
Femap 综述Femap + NX Nastran是Siemens PLM Software家族的业界领先的高级有限元分析软件。
该解决方案由两部分组成，即前后处理器Femap和解算器NX Nastran。
Femap以Parasolid为内核，具有近20年专注于有限元建模领域的工程经验，有助于用户将复杂的模型建模简单化，其基于Windows 的特性为用户提供了强大的功能，且易学易用！Femap 产品被广泛地应用于多种工程产品系统及过程之中，例如：卫星、航空器、重型起重机、高真空密封器等。
Femap 提供了从高级梁建模、中面提取、六面体网格划分，到功能卓越的CAD 输入和简化的工具。
NX Nastran是CAE解算器技术事实上的标准，是全球航空、航天、汽车、造船等行业绝大部分客户认可的解算器。
NX Nastran与Femap的结合为用户提供了一个强大且可承受的解决方案。
该解决方案独立于CAD系统，可以读取所有主流CAD 系统数据，其强大的功能涵盖线性分析、模态分析、失稳分析、热传递分析、非线性分析、动力学分析、优化、流体分析等，能够满足从最简单到最复杂的有限元分析需求。
它是一个许可证灵活、融合了 Siemens PLM Software公司的“公平的市场价值”的价格哲学理念的软件包，为用户提供了强有力的有限元分析工具，用户只需支付较低的整体价格就能得到最高级的Nastran 功能。
Femap + NX Nastran已经在全球各行业超过10000家企业应用。
Femap前后处理器关键特性概要Femap是一个基于 Windows、功能全面的高级前 / 后处理器，已经有超过20年的历史，在全世界得到广泛的应用，并获得了客户的一致好评。
Femap提供了一个强大的且可承受的解决方案，对于众多的大企业或小企业，通过为他们的设计组提供高级的 CAE 工具，使他们更加注重于提高产品的性能和可靠性，并且使设计进程更加简化和高效。
NX Flow uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD)to accurately and efficiently simulate fluid flow and convection.An element-based,finite volume CFD scheme is used to compute 3D fluid velocity,temperature and pressure by solving the Navier-Stokes equations.The NX Flow technology allows a user to model complex fluid flow problems.The solver and modeling features include:•Steady-state and transient analysis (adaptive correction multigrid solver)•Unstructured fluid meshes (supports tetrahedral,brick and wedge element types)•Skin mesh (boundary layer mesh)•Complete set of automatic and/or manual meshing options for the selected fluid domains•T urbulent (k-ε,mixing length),laminar and mixed flows•CFD solution intermediate results recovery and restart•Heat loads and temperature restraints on the fluid•Forced,natural and mixed convection•Fluid buoyancy•Multiple enclosures•Multiple fluids•Internal or external flows•Complete and seamless coupling to NX Thermal for simulation of conjugate heat transfer (handlesdisjoint meshes at fluid/solid boundaries)•Losses in fluid flow due to screens,filters and other fluid obstructions (including orthotropicporous blockages)•Head loss inlets and openings (fixed or proportional to calculated velocity or squared velocity)•Fluid swirl at inlet and internal fans NX FlowComputational fluid dynamics (CFD)to accurately and efficiently simulate fluid flowand convectionNX/plmfact sheetBenefitsAllows for investigation of multiple ‘what-if’scenarios involving complex assembliesAllows the selection of a bounding volume around complex geometry to specify external boundaries of the fluid domainProvides extensive set of tools for creating CFD analysis-ready geometryBy default,all 2D and 3D solids will transfer heat to the fluid they adjoin and serve as obstruction to the fluid ers can control the surface roughness and walls convective properties globally and locally Features Automatic connection between disjoint fluid meshes within an assembly Option for automatic fluid mesh created at run time NX integrated CFD solution toolset Geometry modeling and abstraction toolset All solid surfaces obstructing the fluid can automatically transfer heat to the fluid they adjoin Handling of disjoint meshes at the fluid/solid boundaries for conjugate heat transferSummaryNX ®Flow software is a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)solution that is fully integrated into the native NX Advanced Simulation environment.It provides sophisticated tools to simulate fluid flow and heat transfer for complex parts and assemblies.The integrated CFD solution allows fast and accurate fluid flow simulations and provides insight into product performance during all design development phases,limiting costly,time consuming prototype testing cycles.NX Flow simulation requirements and applications are typical to these industries:aerospace and defense,automotive,consumer products,high-tech electronics,medical,power generation and process.Siemens PLM Softwaresolid surfaces will automaticallyadjoin.Similarly,all volumes thatnot already defined as flowfrom their surfaces as well.suite of Advanced Simulation applications available within theeither NX Advanced FEM or NX Advanced Simulation as awith NX Thermal,NX Flow provides a coupled multi-physicsapplications.hardware platforms and operating systems including Unix,Windows ContactSiemens PLM SoftwareAmericas8004985351Europe44(0)1276702000Asia-Pacific852********/plm©2007Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc.All rights reserved.Siemens and the Siemens logo are registered trademarks of Siemens AG.T eamcenter,NX,Solid Edge,T ecnomatix,Parasolid,Femap,I-deas,JT,UGS Velocity Series and Geolus are trademarks or registered trademarks of Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc.or its subsidiaries in the United States and in other countries.All other logos,trademarks,registered trademarks or service marks used herein are the property of their respective holders.10/07。
CAE各软件介绍全解读CAE（计算机辅助工程）是一种利用计算机仿真技术来辅助工程师进行工程设计、分析和优化的方法。
CAE软件是实现这一目标的关键工具，用于模拟各种物理现象和工程场景，从而帮助工程师进行设计和分析。
下面是对几款常见的CAE软件进行介绍。
1.ANSYS：ANSYS是一款综合性的CAE软件，具有丰富的分析工具和模块，用于解决各种工程问题。
它可以模拟结构分析、流体力学、电磁场、声学等多个领域，并且支持多物理场耦合分析。
ANSYS具有强大的前后处理功能，可以对模型进行建模、网格划分、结果分析等，同时还提供了优化和参数化建模功能。
2. MSC Software（Nastran、Patran）：MSC Software是一系列用于结构和动力学分析的CAE软件的统称。
其中，Nastran是一款强大的有限元分析软件，用于结构分析和优化；Patran是一个前后处理软件，用于建模、网格生成和结果后处理。
这两款软件通常搭配使用，可以进行复杂的结构动力学分析和优化。
3. Siemens PLM Software（NX CAE、Femap）：Siemens PLM Software 提供了一系列用于CAE的软件工具。
NX CAE是一款功能强大的CAE软件，支持多物理场耦合分析，如传热、流体力学、结构等，并集成了优化和参数化建模功能。
Femap是一款前后处理软件，用于建模、网格划分和结果后处理。
NX CAE和Femap的结合可以实现全流程的CAE分析。
4. Altair HyperWorks：Altair HyperWorks是一个集成的CAE软件套件，包含了多个模块和工具，可用于多领域的工程分析。
它具有强大的优化和参数化建模功能，支持流体力学、结构和多物理场耦合分析。
HyperWorks还提供了高效的前后处理功能，并与多种CAD软件进行无缝集成。
5. COMSOL Multiphysics：COMSOL Multiphysics是一款用于多物理场耦合模拟的CAE软件。
Siemens PLM Software驱动“数字化工厂”通往工业4.0的必由之路是全面整合优化产品生命周期与生产生命周期。
PLM和MES 的链接，对企业架构的主要影响是更加扁平化，原来高度层次化、高度分工的组织就可能被更加扁平、更加灵活的跨专业小组所取代。
改革开放三十多年，中国制造业已经开始从劳动密集型和生产低附加值产品向自动化智能化和生产高附加值产品转型。
大量以劳动密集型代工生产为核心的制造业务面临着劳动力成本快速上涨、产品本地化、能源成本上升、对环境的影响以及制造能力升级等诸多方面的挑战。
企业生产需要从量产化向定制化转变。
制造业产业结构升级、转型将是未来新制造业发展的主旋律。
在这样的趋势下，制造业发展的方向必然是两化融合，即工业化与信息化的融合。
"这就是今天Sieme ns PLM Software为什么要把制造和信息化、工业化进行’融合’，也是我们的愿景和目标。
”2013年12月10日，Siemens PLM Software 大中华区首席执行官兼董事总经理梁乃明在位于成都高新区的西门子工业自动化产品成都生产研发基地(S EWC向媒体和用户展示了西门子数字化工厂的成果。
制造与工业化和信息化融合经济和技术的变化为全球制造业带来巨大的转型挑战，整个工业领域也正在经历一场制造业的大变革。
通过虚拟生产结合现实的生产方式，未来制造业将实现更高的工程效率、更短的上市时间，以及更高的生产灵活性。
西门子已经在国外成功推出了数字化工厂。
德国安贝格电子工厂(EWA就是典型的面向未来的数字化工厂模板。
而西门子2013年9月11日刚刚在成都高新区建成投产的SEWC作为EWA勺“备份”工厂，目前是中国最大的数字化工厂。
作为西门子工业自动化全球生产及研发体系中最新建成的一座“数字化工厂”，也是西门子在德国之外建立的首家“数字化工厂”，SEWC实现了从产品设计到制造过程的高度数字化。
参观时工厂技术人员的现场讲解让笔者更容易、更直观地看到软件与硬件的结合。
ContentsIntroduction: (3)Process steps in FMEA (4)Risk priority number (RPN) (8)IntroductionProduct development and operations managers can run a failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) to analyze potential failure risks within systems, classifying them according to severity and likelihood, based on past experience with similar products or processes. The object of FMEA is to help design identified failures out of the system with the least cost in terms of time and money.FMEA defines the term “failure mode” to identify defects or errors, potential or actual, in a product design or process, with emphasis on those affecting the customer or end user.A “failure effect” is the result of a failure mode on the product or system function as perceived by the user. Failure effects can be described in terms of what the end user may see or experience. The study of consequences of identified failures is called effects analysis.FMEA prioritizes failures according to severity, frequency and detectability. Severity describes the seriousness of failure consequences. Frequency describes how often failures can occur. Detectability refers to degree of difficulty in detecting failures.FMEA also involves documenting current knowledge about failure risks.FMEA seeks to mitigate risk at all levels with resulting prioritized actions that prevent failures or at least reduce their severity and/or probability of occurrence. It also defines and aids in selecting remedial activities that mitigate the impact and consequences of failures.FMEA can be employed from the earliest design and conceptual stages onward through development and testing processes, into process control during ongoing operations throughout the life of the product or system.Process steps in FMEA• Step 1: Identify potential failures and effects• Step 2: Determine severity• Step 3: Gauge likelihood of occurrence• Step 4: Failure detection• Risk priority number (RPN)Step 1: Identify potential failures and effectsThe first FMEA step is to analyze functional requirements and their effects to identify all failure modes. Examples: warping, electrical short circuit, oxidation, fracture. Failure modes in one component can induce them in others. List all failure modes per function in technical terms, consider-ing the ultimate effect(s) of each failure mode and noting the failure effect(s).Examples of failure effects include: overheating, noise, abnormal shutdown, user injury.Step 2: Determine severitySeverity is the seriousness of failure consequences of failure effects. Usual practice rates failure effect severity (S) on a scale of one to 10 where one is lowest severity and 10 is highest. The following table shows typical FMEA severity ratings and their meanings:Step 3: Gauge likelihood of occurrenceExamine cause(s) of each failure mode and how often failure occurs. Look at similar processes or products and their docu-mented failure modes. All potential failure causes should be identified and documented in technical terms. Failure causes are often indicative of weaknesses in the design. Examples of causes include: incorrect algorithm, insufficient or excess voltage, operating environment too hot, cold, humid, etc. Failure modes are assigned an occurrence ranking (O), again from one to 10, as shown in the following table.Step 4: Failure detectionAfter remedial actions are determined, they should be tested for efficacy and efficiency. Also, the design should be verified and inspections procedures specified.1. Engineers inspect current system controls that prevent failure mode occurrence, or detect failures before they impact the user/customer.2. Identify techniques used with similar products/systems to detect failures.These steps enable engineers to determine the likelihood of identifying or detecting failures. Then, each combination from steps one and two is assigned a detection value (D), which indicates how likely it is that failures will be detected, and ranks the ability of identified actions to remedy or remove defects or detect failures. The higher the value of D, the more likely the failure will not be detected.Risk priority number (RPN)After the foregoing basic steps, risk assessors calculate Risk Priority Numbers (RPNs). These influence the choice of action against failure modes. RPN is calculated from the values of S, O and D as follows:RPN = S * O * D (or RPN = S x O x D)RPN should be calculated for the entire design and/or process and documented in the FMEA. Results should reveal the most problematic areas, and the highest RPNs should get highest priority for corrective measures. These measures can include a variety of actions: new inspections, tests or procedures, design changes, different components, added redundancy, modified limits, etc. Goals of corrective measures include,in order of desirability:• Eliminate failure modes (some are more preventable than others)• Minimize the severity of failure modes• Reduce the occurrence of failure modes• Improve detection of failure modesWhen corrective measures are implemented, RPN is calculated again and the results documented in the FMEA.Siemens PLM SoftwareHeadquartersGranite Park One5800 Granite ParkwaySuite 600Plano, TX 75024USA+1 972 987 3000AmericasGranite Park One5800 Granite ParkwaySuite 600Plano, TX 75024USA+1 314 264 8499EuropeStephenson HouseSir William Siemens SquareFrimley, CamberleySurrey, GU16 8QD+44 (0) 1276 413200Asia-PacificSuites 4301-4302, 43/FAIA Kowloon Tower,Landmark East100 How Ming StreetKwun Tong, KowloonHong Kong+852 2230 3308/plm© 2016 Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc. Siemens, the Siemens logo and SIMATIC IT are registered trademarks of Siemens AG. Camstar, D-Cubed, Femap, Fibersim, Geolus, I-deas, JT, NX, Omneo, Parasolid, Polarion, Solid Edge, Syncrofit, Teamcenter and Tecnomatix are trademarks or registered trademarks of Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc. or its subsidiaries in the United States and in other countries. All other logos, trademarks, registered trademarks or service marks belong to their respective holders.60071-A3 10/16 F About Siemens PLM SoftwareSiemens PLM Software, a business unit of the Siemens Digital Factory Division, is a leading global provider of product lifecycle management (PLM) and manufacturing operations management (MOM) software, systems and services with over 15 million licensed seats and more than 140,000 customers worldwide. Headquartered in Plano, Texas, Siemens PLM Software works collaboratively with its customers to provide industry software solutions that help companies everywhere achieve a sustainable competitive advantage by making real the innovations that matter. For more information on Siemens PLM Software products and services, visit /plm.。
主流二维三维软件介绍主流2D/3D软件1.AutoCAD(Auto Computer Aided Design)，是美国Autodesk 公司首次于1982年生产的自动计算机辅助设计软件，用于二维绘图、详细绘制、设计文档和基本三维设计。
现已经成为国际上广为流行的绘图工具。
.dwg文件格式成为二维绘图的事实标准格式。
2.AutoCAD LT? 2D相当于AutoCAD的简化版，没有AutoCAD 的功能全，不能实现“概念设计和三维建模”即与三维相关的功能全都不支持，不支持LISP应用，不支持ObjectARX?（C++、C#和VB .NET），不能实现“变更到外部参考”等。
3.AutoCAD Civil 3D是美国Autodesk公司开发的一款面向土木工程行业的建筑信息模型（BIM）解决方案。
主要应用在交通运输、土地开发以及环境项目。
该软件采用基于模型的方法，有助于简化耗时的任务并保持设计的协调性，进而提高文档和可视化作品的质量。
该软件能够扩展Civil 3D模型数据，执行地理空间和雨水分析，生成材料算量信息，4.Revit Architecture [‘ɑ:kitekt??]，美国Autodesk公司开发的，专门面向建筑信息模型（BIM），支持设计流程，该流程支持可持续设计分析、冲突检测、施工规划和材料统计。
5.3DS Max 美国Autodesk公司开发的，是一个全功能的3D 建模、动画、渲染和视觉特效解决方案，广泛用于制作游戏以及电影和视频内容。
6.Inventor[?n’vent?] 美国Autodesk公司的产品，是一款集三维机械设计、仿真、工装模具的可视化和文档编制工具集的三维设计软件。
7.Maya美国Autodesk公司的产品，具有衣料、毛发、毛皮、流体和粒子模拟工具。
具有高动态范围合成系统、摄像机跟踪器、批处理渲染和网络渲染队列管理器。
其使用者多为艺术家、设计师和三维爱好者，常用来制作动画。
Predict and reduce gear whine noise 5 times faster Generate transmission gearbox models automatically and boost vibro-acoustic performanceUnrestricted© Siemens AG 2019Realize innovation.Transmission Engineering ChallengesGuarantee Performance and DurabilityReduce Time for SimulationMinimize Vibration and Noise LevelsReduce Weight with Lightweight DesignsAnalysisResultsModellingPrototyping can cost up to 200k$ --per single gear80% of time for manual model creationMicrogeometry modificationscan reduce vibration level with 6dB (=half!)Transmission Error can increase 10x or more!Transmission Engineering ProcessTypical process for NVH analysisMore efficient process in Simcenter 3DTransmission Error or Stiffness, parametersAcoustics, NVH •Gear whine •Gear rattleEnd-to-end integrated process for transmission simulation from CAD to Loads to NoiseTransmission Builder →Motion →Motion-to-Acoustics →Acoustic Analysis•Automatic creation of multi-body simulation models •Accurate 3D simulation of gear forces•Semi-automatic link of gear forces to vibro-acoustics •Efficient and accurate acoustic simulationsPre-processing of loads orsurface vibrationsTransmission layout (stages, dimensions)Multi-body simulation •Simulation of forcesand dynamicsPositioning, dimensions…Gear-centric tool•Analysis of gear pairsMulti-Body Simulation of TransmissionsTransmission Engineering ProcessTypical process for NVH analysisMore efficient process in Simcenter 3DTransmission Error or Stiffness, parametersAcoustics, NVH •Gear whine •Gear rattleEnd-to-end integrated process for transmission simulation from CAD to Loads to NoiseTransmission Builder →Motion →Motion-to-Acoustics →Acoustic Analysis•Automatic creation of multi-body simulation models •Accurate 3D simulation of gear forces•Semi-automatic link of gear forces to vibro-acoustics •Efficient and accurate acoustic simulationsPre-processing of loads orsurface vibrationsTransmission layout (stages, dimensions)Multi-body simulation •Simulation of forcesand dynamicsPositioning, dimensions…Gear-centric tool•Analysis of gear pairs.Transmission BuilderSummaryNew Simulation Solution for GearsMulti-Body Simulation of TransmissionsMulti-Body SimulationScopePredicting, Analyzing, Improving the positions, velocities, accelerations and loads of a mechatronic system using an accurate and robust 3D multi-body simulation approachMechatronic Systems Flexible Bodies•Integration with tools for robust design of complex non-linear multi-physics systems:control systems, sensors, electric motors, etc •Predict mechanical system more accurately wrt displacements and loads•Gain insight in frequency response of a mechanism•Enable Noise, Vibration & Harshness (NVH) as well as Durability analysesSimcenter 3D Motion for Transmission Simulation Critical featuresMulti-Body Simulation Industry Modelling Practices•Joints •Constraints •Bearings•Linear Flexible Bodies•Nonlinearity (geometric & materials) by running FEcode•Deformations•Loads•Transmission Error•Time domain •Statics, dynamic,•Mechatronics / controlPost processing•Create gear geometry ✓CAE interface ✓Import CAD•Ext. Forces •Motor•Contacts, FrictionParametric Optimization loop Automation / CustomizationKinematicsDynamicsFlexible bodiesCADSolving1D -modelsControlsTEST dataA manual creation process can consume 80%of time!.Transmission BuilderSummaryNew Simulation Solution for GearsMulti-Body Simulation of TransmissionsNew ApproachTransmission Builder Vertical ApplicationProblem: Even experienced 3D-Multi Body Simulation experts can struggle to 1.Model complex parametric transmissions2.Capture all relevant effects correctly and efficiently3.Update and validate their modelsSolution: Transmission Builder Up to 5x faster Model creation processSimcenter TransmissionBuilderGear train specification based on Industry standardsMultibody simulation modelDemonstrationModel Creation and Updating1.Loading of pre-definedTransmission2.Geometry creation3.Creation of rigid bodies forgearwheels and shafts4.Positioning and Joint-definition5.Force element creation.Transmission BuilderSummaryNew Simulation Solution for GearsMulti-Body Simulation of TransmissionsNew Solver Methodologies Simulating and ValidatingValidation cases ensure resultsas accurate as non-linear Finite Elements simulationMeasured Transmission ErrorAnalytical MethodSiemens STS Advanced MethodExploiting intrinsic geometric properties of gears + Efficient-Only for gears, not for arbitrary shapes-No deformation includedBut, included as part of the Load CalculationFE based contact detection -“Brute force” Slow+ Any geometry+ Deformation effects includedDedicating Tooth ContactModeling –FE PreprocessorLocal Deformation –Analytic SolutionSlicing –Gear Force Distribution Along Line of Action •Includes Microgeometry Modifications and Misalignments in all DOF•Automatically takes in to account coupling between slices and between teeth•Accounts for actual gear body geometry with advanced stiffness formulation•Evaluates tip contact (approximation)Gear ContactMethodology HighlightsKey Features.Transmission BuilderSummaryNew Simulation Solution for GearsMulti-Body Simulation of TransmissionsMulti-Body Simulation of Transmissions SummaryValidated methodologySuperior insight in transmission vibrationsAutomated creation of transmission modelsGear simulation as accurate as FE whileextremely fast•Create CAD + MBD model•Connect and position housing•Add flexible modes (Autoflex)•Set up load casesSimcenter 3D Motion Simulate TransmissionDynamic bearing forcesSimulateAcoustic Simulation of TransmissionsTransmission Engineering ProcessTypical process for NVH analysisMore efficient process in Simcenter 3DTransmission Error or Stiffness, parametersAcoustics, NVH •Gear whine •Gear rattleEnd-to-end integrated process for transmission simulation from CAD to Loads to NoiseTransmission Builder →Motion →Motion-to-Acoustics →Acoustic Analysis•Automatic creation of multi-body simulation models •Accurate 3D simulation of gear forces•Semi-automatic link of gear forces to vibro-acoustics •Efficient and accurate acoustic simulationsPre-processing of loads orsurface vibrationsTransmission layout (stages, dimensions)Multi-body simulation •Simulation of forcesand dynamicsPositioning, dimensions…Gear-centric tool•Analysis of gear pairs.Acoustic Simulation of TransmissionsAcoustic SimulationPost-ProcessingSummaryAcoustic Process OverviewvvcvMulti-body simulation resultsD a t a p r o c e s s i n g a n d m a p p i n gLoad Recipe Time series Frequency spectraWaterfalls OrdersNoise PredictionMeasured dataORAcoustic Process OverviewFrom Motion to AcousticsInput Loads Time Data to Waterfallof Time DataFFT Post-Processing•Multi-body simulation results•Data selection (forces, vibrations)•Automatic mapping •Multiple RPM•RPM function•Frame size definition•Time range selection•Time segmentation•Fourier transform(windowing, frequencyrange, averaging)•Waterfalls•Functions•Order-cut analysis Benefits•Quick switch between Motion and Acoustics solutions•Efficient data processing (fast pre-solver)•Automatic data mapping•Pre-processing time reductionAcoustic Process Overview Acoustic SimulationGeometry Preparation Meshing andAssemblyStructural/AcousticPre-ProcessingSolver Post-Processing•Holes closing •Blends removal •Parts assembly •Mesh mating•Bolt pre-stress•Structural meshing•Acoustic meshing•Loading frommulti-body analysis•Fluid-StructureInterface•Output requests•Simcenter NastranVibro-Acoustics(FEM AML,FEMAO, ATV)•Structural results•Acoustic results•Contributionanalysis (modes,panels, grids) What-If, Optimization, Feedback to DesignerBenefits•Efficient model set-up•Efficient, accurate solutions•Quick solution update•Deep insight into results.Acoustic Simulation of TransmissionsAcoustic SimulationPost-ProcessingSummaryAcoustic SimulationModel Preparation –MeshesFrom multi-body analysis•CAD geometry•Structural mesh of body→Used to compute structural modes included in Motion model when accounting for flexibility of body Specific to acoustic analysis•Acoustic mesh around body for exterior noise radiation →Geometry cleaning (ribs removal, holes filling)→Surface and convex meshing →3D elements filling•Microphone mesh for acoustic responseAssembly of structural and acoustic meshesBenefits•Easy, fast, efficient model set-up•Quick switch between CAD and FEM environments •Quick update with associativity of meshes to CAD •Flexible modelling through assemblyAssociativityModel Preparation –Loads and Boundary Conditions Structural constraints and loads•Fixed constraints•Multi-body forces applied at center of bearings→Automatic mapping→Data processing (time to waterfall of time data, FFT) Acoustic boundary conditions•AML (Automatically Matched Layer)→Non-reflecting boundary condition to absorb outgoing acoustic wavesFluid-structure interface•Weak or strong couplingTime dataTo Waterfall of Frequency dataBenefits•Easy, fast, efficient model set-up•Quick switch between FEM and SIM environmentsρc AMLSize ~ 190k nodes ~ 14k nodes Timex s/freq.x/20s/freq.AML (Automatically Matched Layer)•Automatic creation of PML (Perfectly Matched Layer) at solver levelFull absorption of outwards-traveling waves•First, accurate results in “physical” (red) FEM domain •Then, accurate results outside the FEM domain (green), through post-processing •PML layer very close to radiatorBenefits•No manual creation of extra absorbing layer •Optimal absorption •Lean FEM model •Fast computationSolver Technologies –FEM AMLATV (Acoustic Transfer Vector)•Single computation of acoustic transfer vector between vibrating surface and microphones{p ω}=ATV ω×{v n (ω)}•Independence of ATV from load conditions (RPM, order)•For exterior radiation, smooth ATV functions in frequencyBenefits•Large frequency steps for ATV computation, and interpolation for acoustic response •Fast multi-RPM analysisSolver Technologies –ATV=+p ωv n (ω)304050607080901001003005007009001100130015001700S o u n d P r e s s u r e L e v e l (d B )f (Hz)FEMATV Response Frequency100-1700 Hz 100-1700 HzTime22 min3 minNo ATV ATVFEMAO (FEM Adaptive Order)•High-order FEM with adaptive order refinement •Hierarchical high-order shape functions•Auto-adapting fluid element order at each frequency (dependent on f, local c0, local ℎ), to maintain accuracy Benefits•Lean single coarse acoustic mesh •Optimal model size at each frequency •Huge gains vs standard FEM •Faster at lower frequencies•More efficient at higher frequencies • 2 to 10 x fasterAcoustic SimulationSolver Technologies –FEMAOStandard FEM →1 single model for all frequenciesStandard FEM →several modelsfor different frequency rangesFEMAO →1 single model for all frequenciesLess DOF required forFEMAO Optimal DOF size over all frequenciesEdge Shape Functions Face Shape FunctionsFEM FEMAO.Acoustic Simulation of TransmissionsAcoustic SimulationPost-ProcessingSummaryRigid body vs Flexible body•No significant difference at low frequencies •Above 1400 Hz, more frequency content due to structural modes of flexible housing structurePlain gears vs Lightweight gears (flexible body)•Low harmonic at 200 Hz (6000 RPM), due to gear stiffness variation with holes in lightweight gear •Side band due to tooth stiffness variation (amplitude effect due to coupling with holes)Bearing Forces Frequency Domain Benefits•Deeper insight on input forces•Quick solution update for comparative studies involving design/modelling changesPlain gears vs Lightweight gears (flexible body)•Low RPM•Significant impact of lightweight gears •High RPM•Extra frequency content at low frequenciesRigid body vs Flexible body •Low frequencies•Reduced impact of flexibility •High frequencies•Larger impact of flexibilityRadiated Acoustic Power Functions300 RPM –Plain gears300 RPM –Lightweight gear 5900 RPM –Plain gears5900 RPM –Lightweight gears300 RPM –Rigid body 300 RPM –Flexible body 1500 RPM –Rigid body 1500 RPM –Flexible bodyBenefits•Efficient post-processing for results analysis •Quick solution update for comparative studiesinvolving design/modelling changesRigid Body vs Flexible Body Benefits•Efficient post-processing forresults analysis•Global overview oncorrespondencebetween source(dynamic forces)and receiver(acoustic power)Plain Gears vs Lightweight Gears Benefits•Efficient post-processing forresults analysis•Global overview oncorrespondencebetween source(dynamic forces)and receiver(acoustic power)Contribution AnalysisExamplesMultiple results types: structural displacements and modes, equivalent radiated power, acoustic pressure and power, panel contributions to pressure and power, grid contributions, etcBenefits•Efficient post-processing forresults analysis•Deepunderstanding ofmodel behaviorthrough multipleresults types Structural displacements Acoustic pressure Grid contributionsPanel contributions.Acoustic Simulation of TransmissionsAcoustic SimulationPost-ProcessingSummaryAcoustic Simulation of Transmissions SummaryEfficient model set-up with CAD associativity for quicksolution updateSuperior insight in vibro-acoustic responseFast and accurate solver technologiesMore efficient link of gear forces from Motion toAcoustics =+p ωv n (ω)Associativity•Transfer bearing forces into frequency domain•Set-up vibro-acoustic model•Map bearing forces onto vibro-acoustic modelSimcenter 3D Acoustics Simulate TransmissionSimulateAcoustic resultsConclusionUnrestricted © Siemens AG 20192019-05-08Page 42Siemens PLM SoftwarePredict and Reduce Gear Whine Noise 5 Times FasterGenerate transmission gearbox models automatically and boost vibro-acoustic performanceSimcenterTransmission Builder Motion Simulation Acoustic SimulationAutomation removes 80% of workload for transmission model generation New gear solver increases efficiencyand accuracy Automatic motion-to-acoustics linksimplifies pre-processing Fast acoustic solver gives superiorinsight to responseUnrestricted © Siemens AG 20192019-05-08Page 43Siemens PLM SoftwareEasy workflow from design specifications NVH gear whine analysisHyundai Motor CompanyGear Whine Analysis of Drivetrains Using Simcenter Simulation & Services•Predictive simulation for system level NVH and gear whine•Bring 3D simulation to the next level of usability, towards an holistic generative approach for drivetrain design and NVH“Simcenter Engineering and Consulting services helped us use the right analysistools to cover the entire gear transmission analysis […] The Simcenter 3D Transmission Builder software tool is well suited for our engineering purposes”Mr. Horim Yang, Senior Research Engineer•Simcenter 3D Motion and Transmission Builder for system level NVH in multibody •Simcenter Engineering and Consulting for solving complex engineering issues AutomaticCAD and multibody creationAccurateFE-based gear elementsMulti-disciplinaryCAD-FEMMultibody-Acoustichttps://youtu.be/bBM5TPP6iBg。
