2014年职称英语 完形填空(1) Captain Cook Arrow Legend

2015理工C完形填空第一篇Captain Cook Arrow LegendIt was a great legend while it lasted, but DNA testing has 1 ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook 2 died in the Sandwich Islands1 in 1179.“There is 3 Cook2in the Australian Museum,” museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone. But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its 4 , “Uncovered:Treasures of the Australian Museum,3” which5 include a feather cape presented to Cook byHawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with 6 the “Great South Land,” 7 Australia, in 1770. He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands, now Hawaii.The legend of Cook’s arrow began in 1824 8 Hawaiian King Kamehamcha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams, a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife, saying it was made o f Cook’s bone after the fatal 9 with islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued 10 it came face-to-face with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more 11 made of animal bone, said Philp.However, Cook’s fans 12 to give up hope that one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be uncovered, as they say there is evidence not all of Cook’s body was 13 at sea in 1779. “On this occasion technology has won,4” said Cliff Thornton, president of the Captain Cook Society，in a 14 fromBritain. “But I am 15 that one of these days …one of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it will happen one day.”1. A finally B firstly C lately D usually2. A whose B who C which D what3. A some B none C neither D no4. A cinema B exhibition C shop D market5. A must B did C has to D does6. A discovering B visiting C travelling D using7. A then B now C past D previously8. A how B where C when D that9. A conversation B fight C meal D dance10. A however B until C after D whenever11. A helpfully B usefully C likely D readily12. A refuse B return C regain D reply13. A collected B washed C stored D buried14. A statement B suggestion C proposal D guess15. A safe B weak C sure D lucky答案与题解：1. A 第一段说 DNA 鉴定的结论中止了流传二百年有关箭是用 Cook 船长骨头制成的传说。

Captain Cook Arrow LegendIt was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testing has __1__ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook__2__died in the Sandwich Islands’in1779.“There is__3__Cook in the Australian Museum，’’museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’S bone.But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its__4__，“Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,”which__5__include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with__6__the“Great South Land，’’__7__Australia,in1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now HawaiiThe1egend of Cook’s arrow began in1824__8__Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife，saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal__9__with islanders.In the1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued__10__it came with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealandrevealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more __11__made of animal bone。

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hot combination煤灰与雪白：火热的组合1p3 explanation,2p4 soot’s,3p6 greenhouse gases,4p7 observations,5contributed,6still surpass,7absorb more,8produces3Icy microbes冰冻微生物1p2antarctic frozen,2p4 significance of,3p4accidental discovery,4p6 2004revisit,5w as of,6may be,7is to collect,8is found4Compact disks光盘1p1&2w or k ing principle,2p3digital code,3p4are of many,4p5are durable,5w ritten,6ta k e many,7the k e y,8keep contac t5Led lighting LED 灯1p1replace traditional,2bow ers made,3p5many advantages,4p6almost everything,5more effici ent,6tradi tional lighting,7a laser,8america adopted6How we form first impression对别人的第一印象是怎样形成的1p2comparing,2p3illustration,3p4comment,4p5w ays of departure,5sights and sounds,6meaning of,7immature form,8most complex7Screen test透视检查1p2harm screening,2p3investigating,3p4effec ts predic ted,4p5small risk,5save life,6still open,7reduce ris k,8reduced minimum8The mir space station和平号空间站1p4rew ards follo w ing,2p5mir’s firsts,3problem,4undeniable,5quite psooible,6many firsts,7nothing,8great success9More rural research is needed需要进行更多的农业研究1p1increase,2p3same or improved,3p4more research,4p7research focus,5use modern,6drive yield,7strategic research,8fight against10Washoe learned American sign language washoe学会了美国手语1p1general information,2p2report about,3p3debate on,4p4reason w hy,5w h en she,6,if the gardene rs’,7w hile she,8because use sing11The tiniest electric motor in the world世界上最小的电动机1p2the w or k ing,2p4descrip tion,3p5previous inven tions,4p6possible fields,5remove disease,6resist separating,7transport,8shuffle12A strong greenhouse gas 一种强烈的温室气体1p1methane as strong,2p2w ays to reduce,3p4agriculture also,4p5w hy li ves toc k,5one of ,6ever-inc reasing,7big industries,8how to cut13face masks may not protect from super-flu对于超级流感面具不能保护1p1guidelines,2p3w hen,3p5reasons,4p6dan ger,5help,6overuse,7announce,8deal14the magic io personal digital pen神奇的个人数字笔1p2w or k ing,2p3w ays,3p5a,4p6examples,5it,6simple,7d on’t,8movement15maglev trains磁悬浮火车1p3main,2p4c omparison,3p5w ork ing,4p6high,5develop,6create,7pull,8travel补短文1Mobil phones移动电话1会议上说/he side,2增加2000/by the year2000,3denstyresidential areas/for example,4childen/he says children,5资助according to Robert bell/ research?2The world’s longest bridge世界上最长的桥1island of Sicily/if tur e,2suspension bridge/ common?,3the first/the second,4but the w eigh t/at 166500 tons,5anchors are essential/k eep b ridge anyw h ere3Reinventing the table更新发明元素周期表1bruce first/1871,2traditional table/ ordered the el ements,3unicersity of cambridge/”imagine”,4多次提到salphor/more then once,5symbols soil mater/and the size4Don’t rely on plankton to save the planet不要靠浮游生物拯救地球1touted atmosphere/opponents fear,2dioxide from air/asplank ton die,3for a month/found 100years,4disappointingresults/”ne w e r”,5massage same/ocean5The magic of sound神奇音乐1iron sheet/high sound,2few de cibels/there fore,3called ultrasonic/dolphins,4w ill vibrate/vibra tion of air,5person’s health/if inte nsity6Dung to death施肥致死1farm slurry/his fi ndings,2promote grow th/bu t rec ent ,3in dubendorf/and manure ,4then eaten/could also ,5call sulphonamides/do not easily7Time in the animal world动物界的时间1in Nature/it controls,2of the tide/tid e goes,3have matured/second spring,4speed of life/larger animal,5do few sports/an adult8Watching microcurrents flow观察微电流流程1physicists managed/pictur e progress,2object and/conve rting th e information,3obstacles/to mak ing chips,4fuselage/faults in,5schrag w or k ing/shrin k it9Heat is killer高温杀手1people ever y year/so does,2affect heal th/several of conditions,3stay out sun/doctors,4result heat str ess/most people,5danger heat stress/suchpersons10High dive从高空往下跳1在40千米into atmosphere/from there,2first/how?,3li k e abullet/”30 seconds”said,4higher climbs/handle seve ral,5soda bubbles/in short11Virtual driver虚拟驾驶员，和完形智能汽车差不多1his body/but,2built-in computer/brain of car,3how ever/itcompletes,4in any place/experts say,5regular shapes/how e ver12Musical training can improve communication skills音乐训练可以提高交流技能1she says/nina Kraus,2how to speak/both invol ve,3brainstem/brain ste m controls,4the ce llo/professor krauss,5thestrongest/show s impor tance13sleeping giant1then,2volcano,3three,4firat,5w hile14robotic highway cones1these,2and,3w or k,4w e,5he15the arctic ice is thawing1he,2how ever,3one,4if,5maybe完形填空1captain cook arrow legend库克船长弓箭的传说1F inally,2w ho,3no,4exhibition,5does,6discovering,7now,8w he n,9fight,10until,11lik ely,12refuse,13buried,14statement,15sure2Avalanche and its safety雪崩的安全问题1among,2that,3lik ely,4is,5risk,6gathe r,7flow,8between,9flat,10use,11process,12conditions,13reduce,14attention,15missing3Seeing red means danger ahead看见红色意味着危险在前方1accidents,2hey,3at,4before,5apart,6containing,7spotted,8chemical,9ever ything,10w ea k,11opening,12results,13light,14outside,15a lot of4Animal’s sixth sense动物的第六感1how e ver,2disasters,3missed,4even5sense,6w aves,7reser ve,8apparent,9specialist,10specific11assessment,12phenomenon,13certainly,14some,15as5Singing alarms could save the blind报警器救盲人1w ith,2run by,3blind,4the alarms,5sound,6heard,7that,8smok e-filled,9took,10w ithou t,11processes,12source,13based on,14or,15developed6Car thieves could be stopped remotely远程制止偷车贼1off,2are,3should,4in,5a,6if,7being,8that,9life,10by,11inform,12allow,13have helped,14put,15customer7An intelligent car智能汽车1these,2on,3traffic,4automatic,5other,6path,7instru ctions,8quick l y,9sending,10completes,11atleast,12besides,13rate,14w arn, 15limited8A biological clock生物钟1plants,2insects,3affect,4because of,5days,6flight,7preven ted from,8but,9parts,10seems,11cell,12aw ak en,13how,14it,15such9Wonder webs奇妙的网1tough,2silk,3move,4it,5reuses,6material,7length,8close,9w onde r,10supply,11w ork,12first,13mil k,14any,15as fast as10Chicken Soup for the Soul:Comfort food fightsLoneliness1but,2emotions,3personally,4look ed at,5favorite,6by,7participan ts,8group,9finally,10complete,11secure,12theri,13experience,14eating,15connections11China to help Europe develop gps rical中国帮助欧洲发展全球定位系统的竞争1w ill offer,2fund ing,3become,4by,5ago,6located,7w ith,8is due to,9consist of,10cost,11c alled,12officials,13the satellite,14location,15let12Free Statins with fast food could neutralize heartrisk1charge,2suggest,3amount,4risk,5enough,6eating,7unhealthy,8possobolity,9degree,10lik e,11provided,12customer,13measurts,14,w earing,15low ering13Solar power without solar cells太阳能电池1battery,2effec ts,3previously,4Unde r,5light,6source,7apart,8that,9material,10conduct,11effecti ve,12techni que,13converting,14modern,15both14sharks perform a service for earth’s waters1attack,2valuable,3existen ce,4earth,5because of,6w her e,7for,8times,9chemi cals,10senses,11other,12systems,13recover,14oceans,15great15”Liquefaction”Key to much of Japanese EartquakeDamage1w idespr ead,2extent,3func tion,4strength,5collapse,6shorter,7how,8recentl y,9phenomenon,10before,11events,12deposited,13near,14prevent,15standards。

2014年职称英语（综合类）A级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1．There was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject.A．pointB．tendencyC．resultD．finding正确答案：B解析：本句意思：曾经有一种倾向认为地理是一门次要的学科。

inclination 意思为“倾向，趋势”，与tendency(趋势，倾向)意思相近。

point论点，观点，要点；resulf后果，结果；finding调查发现，调查结果。

2．New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.A．amazingB．depressingC．predictableD．dull正确答案：D解析：本句意思：秘书不停地更换，令人厌烦。

monotonous意思为“单调乏味的”，与dull(枯燥无味的，令人生厌的)意思相近。

amazing令人惊奇的；depressing令人沮丧的；predictable可预见的。

3．The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A．furnishB．copyC．publishD．summarize正确答案：A解析：本句意思：委员会要提交一份有关住房情况的报告。

render意思为“递交，提交”，与furnish(提供)意思相近。

copy复制，复印；publish出版，发行；summarize总结，概括。

4．The group does not advocate the use of violence.B．regulateC．opposeD．support正确答案：D解析：本句意思：该团体不支持使用暴力。

一、Captain Cook Arrow Legend：(1) finally(2) who(3)no(4)exhibition(5)does6)discovering(7) now(8)when(9) fight(10) until(11) likely (12)refuse(13)buried(14)statement(15) sure二、Avalanche and Its Safety：(1) among(2) that(3)likely(4)is(5)risk(6)gather(7)flow(8)between(9) flat(10) use(11) process(12) conditions(13) reduce(14) attention（15）missing三Giant Structures 1wonderfu l2 admiration 3height4architect5on6features7At8reaching9relieve10most11which12countries13energy14 amount15 truly四、Animal’s “Sixth Sense”：(1)however,(2)disasters, (3)missed (4)even (5)sense (6)waves(7)reserve(8)apparent(9)specialist(10)specific(11)assessment.(12)phenome non, (13)certainly (14)some (15)as五、Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind：(1)with (2)run by (3)blind.(4)The alarms (5)sound (6)heard (7)that (8)smoke-filled (9)took(10)without(11)processes(12)source(13)basedon(14)or (15)developed六、Car Thieves could Be Stopped Remotely：1 off ,2 are3 should4 in5 a.6 If7 being8 that9 life 10 by 11 teach 12 allow 13 havehelped 14 put 15 customer七、An intelligent car：(1)these (2) on (3)traffic (4) automatic (5) other (6)path(7)instructions (8) quickly. (9) sending(10)completes (11) at least (12) Besides,(13) rate (14) warn (15) limited.八、Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures：1decline 2 problem. 3birds . 4across 5long6because 7traditionally 8led to 9increase10future. 11urgent , 12find 13deaths 14by15take九、Wonder Webs：(1)tough (2)silk (3)weave(4)it (5)reuses (6)material (7)length(8)close . (9)wonder (10)supply (11)work(12)first (13)milk . (14)any (15)as fast as十、Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort FoodFights Loneliness：1 but 2 emotions 3personally 4 lookedat 5 favorite 6 by 7participants 8 group 9 Finally 10 complete11 secure 12 their 13 experience, 14 eating15 connections十一、Climate Change Poses Major Risks forUnprepared Cities：(1)been (2)and (3)reduce(4)gases (5)protec (6)major (7)benefits(8)threats (9)heavily (10)lack (11)without(12)therefore, (13)rather than(14)automobile (15)idle十二、Free Statins With Fast Food CouldNeutralize Heart Risk：1charge 2suggest3amount 4risk 5enough 6eating 7unhealthy8possobility 9degree 10like ,11provided12customer 13measures 14wearing15lowering十三、Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat,More Light：1until 2electricity 3economics .4 cost . 5solution 6commonly 7require 8vulnerable 9drops 10reasons 11type 12point13overcame 14collector , 15 boosted十四、Sharks Perform a Service for Earth'sWaters：(1)get (2)valuable (3)existence(4)Earth. (5)because of their (6)where(7)for a (8)times (9)chemicals (10)senses(11)other (12)systems (13)recover(14)oceans (15)great.十五、“Liquefaction” Key to Much of JapaneseEarthquakeDamage1widespread 2extent 3function 4strength 5collapse .6shorter7how8recently9phenomenon10before11events12deposited13near 14prevent 15standards。

Captain Cook Arrow LegendIt was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testing has __1__ ended atwo-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook__2__ died in the Sandwich Islands’in 1779.“There is __3__ Cook in the Australian Museum，”museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’S bone.But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its__4__，“Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,”which__5__include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with__6__ the“Great South Land，”__7__ Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now HawaiiThe 1egend of Cook’s arrow began in 1 824 __8__ Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife，saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal__9 __ with islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued __10__ it came with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more __11__ made of animal bone。

2014年职称英语（卫生类）C级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1．Lack of space forbids further treatment of the topic here.A．receivesB．deservesC．preventsD．accepts正确答案：C解析：本句意思：受篇幅所限，在此不能深入阐述这个问题。

forbid意思是“妨碍，禁止”，与prevent(阻止，阻挠)意思相近。

receive接收，收到；deserve 应受，应得；accept接受。

2．His knowledge of French is fair.A．very usefulB．very limitedC．quite goodD．rather special正确答案：C解析：本句意思：他的法语知识相当好。

fair意思是“不错的，相当好的，公正的”，与quite good(相当不错的)意思相同。

very useful非常有用的；very limited 非常有限的；rather special相当特殊的。

3．The new service helped boost pre-tax profits by 10%.A．returnB．increaseC．realizeD．double正确答案：B解析：本句意思：这项新服务使税前收益提高了10％。

boost意思是“增加，促进”，与increase(增加)意思相近。

return返回；realize实现，了解；double加倍。

4．He made a number of rude remarks about the food.A．commentsB．signsC．mannersD．noises正确答案：A解析：本句意思：关于这里的食物他说了许多无礼的评论。

2020年职称英语考试理工类C级完形填空原文(1)Captain Cook Arrow LegendIt was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testinghas __1__ ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain JamesCook__2__ died in the Sandwich Islands’in 1779.“There is __3__ Cook in the Austr alianMuseum，’’museum collection manager Jude Philip said notlong ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow wasnot made of Cook’S bone.But that will not stop the museumfrom continuing to display the arrow in its__4__，“Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,” which__5__include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian KingKalani’opu’u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and iscredited with__6__ the“Great South Land，’’__7__ Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now HawaiiThe 1egend of Cook’s arrow began in 1 824 __8__ Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife，saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal__9 __ wit h islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued __10__ it came with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more__11__ made of animal bone。

第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legend(库克船长弓箭的传说)It was a great legend while it lasted, but DNA testing has finally ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook who died in the Sandwich Islands in 1779.―There is no Cook in the Australian Museum,‖ museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone. But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its exhibition, ―Uncovered: Treasures of the Australian Museum,‖ which does include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with discovering the ―Great South Land,‖now Australia, in 1770. He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands, now Hawaii.The legend of Cook’s arrow began in 1824 when Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams, a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife, saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal fight with islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued until it came face-to-face with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more likely made of animal bone, said Philp.However, Cook’s fans refuse to give up hope that one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be uncovered, as they say there is evidence not all of Cook’s body was buried at sea in 1779. ―On this occasion technology has won,‖ said Cliff Thornton, president of the Captain Cook Society, in a statement from Britain. ―But I am sure that one of these days …one of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it will happen one day.‖第二篇Avalanche and Its Safety(雪崩和安全问题)An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are among the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope that supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is likely to cause an avalanche, is a complex task involving the evaluation of a numberof factors.Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low risk of avalanche. Snow does not gather significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not flow easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow’s angle of rest is between35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb is : A slope that339is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with use; that is , the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, thd more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous process, including route selection and examination of the snowpack, weather conditions, and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also reduce the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid attention to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are missing or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.第三篇Giant Structures(巨型建筑)It is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modern world since every year more wonderful constructions appear.Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our admiration although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin TowerThe petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999.With a height of 452 metres;the tall twin owers,like two thin pencils,dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur.At the 41 flool,the towers are linked by a bridge,symbolizing a gateway to the city.The American architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete,the building provides around 1800 square metres of office space on every floor.And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base.Other features of this impressive building include double-deckder lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.The Millau BridgeThe Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tarn Valley, in southern France. At the time it was built, it wa s the world’s highest bridge, reaching over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridge in the world. It was built to relieve Millau’s congestion problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the most extreme seismic and climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years!The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana, which forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two countries. The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In3401995 it produced 78% of Paraguay’s and 25% of Brazil’s energy needs. In its construction, the amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a truly amazing wonder of engineering.第四篇Animal’s “Sixth Sense”(动物的”第六感”)A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals, however, seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami. This phenomenon adds weight to notions that they possess a ―sixth sense‖ for disasters, experts said.Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast clearly missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found.―No elephants are dead, not even a dead rabbit. I think animals can sense disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening,‖ H.D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department, said about one month after the tsunami attack. The waves washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast, Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards.―Ther e has been a lot of apparent evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,‖ said Matthew van lierop, an animal behavior specialist at Johannesburg Zoo.―There have been no specific studies because you can’t really test it in a lab or field setting,‖ he told Reuters. Other authorities concurred with this assessment.―Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain phenomenon, especially birds… there are many reports of birds detecting impendi ng disasters,‖ said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife.Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators.The notion of an animal ―sixth sense‖ –or some other mythical power –is an enduring one which the evidence on Sri Lanka’s ravaged coast is likely to add to.The Romans saw owls as omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special powers or attributes. 第五篇Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind(警报器救盲人)If you cannot see, you may not be able to find your way out of a burning building –and that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that with directional sound alarms capalbe of guiding you to the exit.Sound Alert, a company run by the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home for blind people in Sommerset and a resource centre for the blind in Cumbria. The alarms produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine where the sound is coming from.Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says341that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be heard by humans. ―It is a burst of white noise that people say sounds like static on the radio,‖ she says. ―Its life-saving po tential is great.‖She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large smoke-filled room. It took them nearly four minutes to find the door without a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one.Withington studies how the brain processes sounds at the university. She says that the source of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms based on the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles.The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up or down stairs. They were developed with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels.第六篇Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely(远程制止偷车贼)Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in a nasty surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer, and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.For now, such devices are only available for fleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars, and should be available to ordinary cars in the UK in two months.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car incorporates a miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.There are even plans for immobilizers that shut down vehicles on the move, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system.In the UK, an array of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. ―The pattern of vehicles crime has changed,‖ says Martyn Rand all of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire that is funded in part by the motor insurance industry.He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are a far tougher proposition, as their engine management computer will not allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owner’s keys in a burglary. In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken by using the owner’s keys, which doubles the previous342year’s figure.Remote-controlled immobilization system would put a major new obstacle in the criminal’s way by making such thefts pointless. A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could go on the market sooner than thecustomer expects.第七篇An Intelligent Car(智能汽车) Driving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain. Many human drivers have all these and can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself?There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has ―eyes‖, ―brains‖, ―hands‖ and ―feet‖, too. The minicameras on each side of the car are his ―eyes‖, which observe the road conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the car’s left and right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver’s ―brain‖. His ―brain‖ calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right path for the intelligent car, and gives instructions to the ―hands‖ and ―feet‖ to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car.What is the virtual driver’s best advantage? He reacts quickly. The minicameras are sending images continuously to the ―brain.‖ It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the world’s best driver at least needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second.The virtual driver is really wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate considerably on expressways. In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time and in amy place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures(印度为什么需要濒临灭亡的秃鹰)The vultures in question may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp decline in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration. and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental problem. The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the Same areas as the birds. It is also causing serious public health problems across the Indian sub-continent．While4their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians. vultures have long played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is because they feed on dead cows. In India. cows are sacred animals and are traditionally left in the open when they die in their thousands upon thousands every year.The disappearance of the vultures has led to an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead343animals. There are fears that rabies may increase as a result．And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers．Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the future．The need for action is urgent, so an emergency project has been launched to find a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds deaths and, if possible, develop a cure.Large-scale vulture deaths were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India.A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had. Declined by over 90 percent. All three species are now listed as―critically endangered‖. As most vulture lay only single eggs and take about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.第九篇Wonder Webs(奇妙的网)Spider webs are more than homes, and they are ingenious traps. And the world’s best web spinner may be the Golden Orb Weaver spider. The female Orb Weaver spins a web of fibers thin enough to be invisible to insect prey, yet tough enough to snare a flying bird without breaking.The secret of the web’s strength? A type of super-resilient silk called dragline. When the female spider is ready to weave the w eb’s spokes and frame, she uses her legs to draw the airy thread out through a hollow nozzle in her belly. Dragline is not sticky, so the spider can race back and forth along it to spin the web’s trademark spiral.Unlike some spiders that weave a new web every day, a Golden Orb Weaver reuses her handiwork until it falls apart, sometimes not for two years. The silky thread is five times stronger than steel by weight and absorbs the force of an impact three times better than Kevlar, a high-strength human-made material used in bullet-proof vests. And thanks to its high tensile strength, or the ability to resist breaking under the pulling force called tension, a single strand can stretch up to 40 percent longer than its original length and snap back as well as new. No human-made fiber even comes close.It is no wonder manufacturers are clamoring for spider silk. In the consumer pipeline: high-performance fabrics for athletes and stockings that never run. Think parachute cords and suspension bridge cables. A steady supply of spider silk would be worth billions of dollars –but how to produce it? Harvesting silk on spider farms does not work because the territorial arthropods have a tendency to devour their neighbors.Now, scientists at the biotechnology company Nexia are spinning artificial silk modeled after Golden Orb dragline. The first step: extract silk-making genes from the spiders. Next, implant the genes into goat egg cells. The nanny goats that grow from the eggs secrete dragline silk proteins in their milk. ―The young goats pass on the silk-making gene without any help from us,‖ says Nexia president Jeffrey Turner. Nexia is still perfecting the spinning process, but they hope artificial spider silk will soon344be snagging customers as fast as the real thing snags bugs.第十篇Chicken Soup for the Soul:Comfort Food Fights Lneliness（心灵鸡汤：爽心食品排解孤独感）Mashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, may be bad for your arteries，but according to a study in Psychological Science, they’re good for your heart and emotions．The s tudy focuses on ―comfort food‖ and how it makes people feel．"For me personally,food has always played a big role in my family,‖ says Jordan Troisi, a graduate student at the University of Buffalo, and lead author on the study．The study came out of the research program of his co—author Shira Gabriel．It has looked at non-human things that may affect human emotions．Some people reduce loneliness by bonding with their favorite TV show, building virtual relationships with a pop song singer or looking at pictures of loved ones．Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effect by making people think of their nearest and dearest.In one experiment, in order to make participants feel lonely, the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with someone close to them．Others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment. Then, some people in each group wrote about the experience of eating a comfort food and others wrote about eating a new food．Finally,the researchers had participants complete questions about their levels of loneliness．Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel lonely．But people who were generally secure in their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food．"We have found that comfort foods are consistently associated with those close to us．"says Troisi．"Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others．"In their essays on comfort food, many people wrote about the experience of eating food with family and friends.In another experiment, eating chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships, but only if they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food．This was a question they had been asked long before the experiment, along with many other questions, so they wouldn’t remember it.Throughout everyone’s daily lives they experience stress, often associated with our connections with others," Troisi says．"Comfort food Can be an easy remedy for loneliness．第十一篇Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities （气候变化给不备城市带来重大风险）A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao．She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and urban development．She warns that many of the world’s fast-growing urban areas，especially in developing countries．will likely suffer from the impacts of changing climate．Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to reduce emissions of carbon345dioxide and other greenhouse gases．These gases are known to affect the atmosphere．‖Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world,‖ says Romero Lankao. ‖But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."Cities are major sources of greenhouse gases．And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lankao’s findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term benefits．The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat heavily paved cities more than surrounding areas．The impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban environment．For example，a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread health problems．Poorer neighborhoods that may lack basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads，are especially vulnerable to natural disasters．Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing without access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services.Local governments, therefore,should take measures to protect their residents.‖Unfortunately，they tend to move towards rhetoric rather than meaningful responses, Romero Lankao346。

职称英语等级考试理工类完型填空阅读下面的短文。

短文中有十五个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列了四个备选答案。

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第一篇Captain Cook Arrow LegendIt was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testing has __1__ ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook__2__ died in the Sandwich Islands’in 1779.“There is __3__ Cook in the Australian Museum，’’museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’S bone.But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its__4__，“Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,”which__5__include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with__6__ the“Great South Land，’’__7__ Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now HawaiiThe 1egend of Cook’s arrow began in 1 824 __8__ Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife，saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal__9 __ with islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued __10__ it came face=to-face with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more __11__ made of animal bone。