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英语语法被动语态总结一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例 A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 过去进行时例 A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例Theproject will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
被动语态的用法归纳总结一、概念和基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种句子结构，表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是执行者。
通常由以下形式构成：be动词（am/is/are/was/were）+过去分词。
二、被动语态的用途1. 突出某个动作或事件的接收者，强调对象。
2. 强调对主语造成影响或结果的行为，而非行为本身。
3. 当无须提及或不知道执行者时使用。
4. 在科学研究和实验报告中经常使用被动语态。
三、被动语态的时态变化1. 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词例：The car is washed every week.每周都会给这辆车清洗。
2. 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词例：The house is being painted by the workers.工人正在油漆这座房子。
3. 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词例：The book was written by Mark Twain.这本书是马克·吐温写的。
4. 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词例：The crops were being harvested when the storm hit.暴风雨袭击时农作物正在收割。
5. 一般将来时：will be + 过去分词例：The package will be delivered tomorrow.这个包裹明天将被送到。
6. 现在完成时：has/have been + 过去分词例：The problem has been solved by our team.这个问题已经被我们的团队解决了。
四、主动语态和被动语态的转换1. 主动语态变被动语态把主动句的宾语移到前面作为被动句的主语，谓语动词改为相应形式的be动词，原主语成为介词by后的短语（可省略）。
例：Active: They built a new bridge last year.被动：A new bridge was built by them last year.2. 被动语态变主动语态将被动句的主语转化为主格作为主句的主语，谓语使用与原句中be表达时态、人称和数一致的动词原形。
被动语态一．被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时The boy are not allowed to touch the instrument.2) has /have been done 现在完成时All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时A new cinema is being built here4) was/were done 一般过去时I was give n ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时A meeting was being held when I was there.7) shall/will be done/ be going to be done一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1) 带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
被动语态语法知识点总结一、被动语态的基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，通过将动作的承受者置于句子的主语位置，强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
被动语态的基本结构为：be动词（am, is, are, was, were）+过去分词。
例如：Active voice（主动语态）：The dog chased the cat.（狗追赶着猫。
）Passive voice（被动语态）：The cat was chased by the dog.（猫被狗追赶。
）二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者：被动语态可以将动作的承受者放在句子的主语位置，使其成为句子的焦点。
例如：Active voice: He wrote a book.（他写了一本书。
）Passive voice: A book was written by him.（一本书被他写了。
）2. 隐藏执行者：有时候，句子的执行者并不重要或显而易见，这时可以使用被动语态来隐藏执行者。
例如：Active voice: They built this house.（他们建造了这座房子。
）Passive voice: This house was built by them.（这座房子被他们建造了。
）3. 表示客观事实：被动语态常用于描述客观事实或一般真理。
例如：Active voice: People speak English all over the world.（全世界人们讲英语。
）Passive voice: English is spoken all over the world.（英语在全世界都被讲。
）4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者：当动作的承受者比执行者更重要时，可以使用被动语态将其放在句子的主语位置。
例如：Active voice: The car hit the tree.（汽车撞到了树。
）Passive voice: The tree was hit by the car.（树被汽车撞到了。
被動語態：基本形式：be動詞＋pp(pp部分不變，只要把be動詞改成各種時式即可。
)一、被動語態的8種型態簡單式：1.現在式：am, is, ar e＋pp2.過去式：was, wer e＋pp3.未來式：will, shal l＋be＋pp進行式：4.現在進行式：am, is, ar e＋being＋pp5.過去進行式：was, were＋being＋pp完成式：6.現在完成式：have, ha s＋been＋pp7.過去完成式：ha d＋been＋pp8.未來完成式：will, shal l＋have＋been＋pp二、主動語態和被動語態互換之基本句型：主動改被動：主動：主詞＋動詞＋受詞＋…被動：主詞(主動之受詞)＋be動詞＋P.P＋by＋受詞(主動之主詞)＋…被動改主動：被動：主詞＋be動詞＋P.P＋by＋受詞＋…主動：主詞(被動中by之後的受詞)＋動詞＋受詞(被動中之主詞)(1) 現在式的被動語態和主動語態互換：(a) 主動改為被動時，要依據被動語態的主詞之人稱與數，選用am, is, are。
1. He studies English every day.→English is studied by him every day.2. He eats a lot of vegetables every meal.→A lot of vegetables are eaten by him every meal.3. We call him John. (受詞是him, John只是受詞補語而已。
)→He is called John by us.(b) 被動改為主動時，除了去掉am, is, are外，要將P.P.改為現在式動詞，並且要注意主詞如為第三人稱單數時，在動詞字尾必須加s，es，或去掉y在加ies。
1. TV is watched by him every night.→He watches TV every night.2. The floor is swept by him every morning.→He sweeps the floor every morning.Exercise: (主動和被動互換)1. We read English every day.→_____________________________________________________________ 2. He drinks eight bottles of water every day.→_____________________________________________________________ 3. We are taught by him this year.→_____________________________________________________________ 4. He is driven to school by his father every morning.→____________________________________________________________Answer:1. English is read by us every day.2. Eight bottles of water are drunk by him every day.3. He teaches us this year.4. His father drives him to school every morning.(a) 主動改為被動時，要依據被動語態的主詞之人稱與數，選用was或were。
【被动语态详解】一、巧记各种时态的被动语态被动语态基本形式： be + done一般现在时: am, is, are + done一般过去时: was, were + done一般将来时: will + be doneam, is, are going to + be done过去将来时：would + be donewas, were going to + be done现在进行时: am, is, are + being done过去进行时: was, were + being done现在完成时: have, has + been done过去完成时: had + been done不定式：to be done介词：如without being done情态动词：can,may,must,should be done【点拨】1.被动语态是在主语和谓语动词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系时才使用的一种语态。
2.各种时态的被动语态都有一个明显的特点，既要体现出本时态，又要用上被动语态的基本形式be done。
现在进行时的被动语态构成是am, is, are + being done，可以这样理解：首先，它必须是现在进行时am, is, are + doing，同时它又必须是被动语态be done，所以be动词在现在进行时和被动语态之间起了一个衔接作用，即用being，这样being就把二者有机结合起来。
所以现在进行时的被动语态形式必须是也只能是am, is, are + being done。
同理可推出，现在完成时的被动语态形式应该是：既得是现在完成时have, has + done，又得是被动语态be done，所以be动词只有用过去分词been 才能把二者有机结合起来，即：have, has + been done。
其它时态的被动语态依此类推。
3.有些时态可以运用对比记忆法。
如现在进行时与过去进行时，一般将来时与过去将来时，现在完成时与过去完成时等只是在助动词上有所不同。
被动语态被动语态的最基本构成是：be + done （动词的过去分词形式）被动语态和时态是分不开的。
很多时态都有其被动语态形式。
总结如下：1) 一般现在时一般现在时主要由动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s，其方法与名词单数变复数的方法相同。
另外，be和have有特殊的人称形式，be在I后为am；在he，she，it后为is；在we，you，they后为are；have在第三人称单数后为has，在其他人称后仍为have。
被动语态：be(am/is/are) + done (by)主动语态：Everyone likes her.被动语态：She is liked by everyone.2) 现在进行时现在进行时由“be(am/is/are) + 现在分词”构成，其否定式是在be后加not，疑问式是将be 提前。
They are building a new school in our village.She is cleaning the classroom.被动语态：be(am/is/are) being doneA new school is being built in our village.The classroom is being cleaned (by her).3) 现在完成时现在完成时由“have (has)+过去分词”构成。
否定式在have (has) 后加not，疑问式将have (has) 提前。
They have built a new school in our village.I have taught English for 20 years.被动语态：have/has been + doneA new school has been built in our village.4) 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由“have (has) +been + 现在分词”构成。
英语被动语态的结构英语被动语态的结构汇总被动语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
被动语态是英语常考常用句型结构,这一个知识点也是我们必须要掌握的,下面就是店铺向大家介绍被动语态的结构，希望对大家有用! 英语被动语态的结构被动语态的句子是以《be动词+过去分词》的形式来表达，如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时，句子后面需接by，译为“被(由)……”。
1 被动语态的句型肯定句：主语+be +过去分词+(by～).否定句：主语+be not +过去分词+(by～).一般疑问句：Be +主语+过去分词+(by～)?特殊疑问句：疑问词+be +主语+过去分词+(by～)?被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。
2 被动语态的十种时态以动词give为例，其被动语态的各种时态构成如下：1.一般现在时History is made by the people.历史是人民创造的。
2.一般过去时These new cars were made in Tianjing in 1994.这些新车是1994年在天津生产的。
3.一般将来时Li Ming will be asked to attend the lecture.李明将被邀请参加讲座。
4.现在进行时A new railway is being built.一条新铁路正在修建。
5.过去进行时The roads were being widened.路那时正在加宽。
6.现在完成时He has been sent to work in Shanghai.他已经被派往去上海工作了。
7.过去完成时A new hotel had been built when I got there.我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。
8.过去将来时He said a new hotel would be built in two months.他说两个月后新旅馆就会建好了的。
中考专项复习专题【被动语态】（附例题以及答案）本章节内容1.被动语态的基本形式2.不同时态的被动语态3.被动语态的技巧指导4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况5.被动语态在句子中运用1被动语态的基本形式一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构为be动词加动词的过去分词,即“be+done”。
在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。
二、常用被动语态的情况1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
Many trees must be planted every year.每年必须种许多树。
3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
(强调汉语的广泛使用)4.动作的发出者是物。
Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房子被洪水冲走了。
2不同时态的被动语态1.时态和语态的结合是中考的必考点,尤其是一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。
2.其他时态的被动语态3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+done”。
Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。
3被动语态的技巧指导（1）根据选项定考点单项填空对语态的考查均会结合时态，4个选项中一般包含两个主动语态，两个被动语态；而其对时态的考查一般不会涉及语态。
因此，如果选项中出现被动语态，即可判断此题考查被动语态，由此便可排除非被动语态的选项。
（2）根据时态选答案首先，考生需要根据关键词（时间状语）来判断时态。
对于没有关键词的试题，则要根据上下文已经给出的时态、语境理解并结合常识进行判断。
如：—Tell me one thing you’re proud of in your junior high school, Tony.—I ___ as the captain of the school football team.A. chooseB. choseC. am chosenD. was chosen方法点拨第1步：根据选项A、B为时态，C、D为被动语态可知本题考查被动语态，因此可排除A、B两项。
一、被动语态的基本形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors ___________(request) not to touch the exhibits.2）was/were done 一般过去时I ___________(give) ten minutes to decide which I should choose.3）has /have been done 现在完成时All the preparations ___________ (complete).4）had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gym ___________ (complete) in Beijing.5）am/is /are being done 现在进行时A new cinema ___________ (build) here．6）was/were being done 过去进行时A meeting ___________ (hold) when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs ___________ (lose) if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时The news ___________ (send) to the soldier’s mother.9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时The project ___________ (complete) before July.10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时He told me that his new clothes ___________ (make) very soon.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
The baby should ___________ (take) good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear,等后面不定式作宾语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
Someone saw a stranger wal3. 非谓语动词的被动语态: v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态。
I don’t like ___________ (laugh) at in the public.I don’t want ___________ (laugh) at in the public.4. It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋is/was＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。
有：It is said that…据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
It is said that the boy has passed the exam./ The boy is said to have passed the exam.二、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1. 英语中有很多动词如lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The door won’t lock．（指门本身有毛病）The door won’t be locked.（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, look,smell常以主动形式表示被动意义。
Your reason sounds reasonable.三、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义1．在need，want，require等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。
2．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）3. 在too…to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.Exercises:1. It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.A) designed B) has been designedC) will be designed D) will have been designed2. She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.A) is taken B) takes C) will be taken D) has taken3. Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.A) is found B) has been found C) was found D) had been found4. “Have you moved into the new flat?” “Not yet. The room____.”A) has been painted B) is painted C) paints D) is being painted5. My pictures ____until next Friday.A) won’t develop B) aren’t developedC) don’t develop D) won’t be developed6. Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.A) had been unemployed B) was unemployedC) has been unemployed D) has unemployed7. I’ll push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.A) would be fined B) will be finedC) will being fined D) will have been fined8. I found a bottle ____dropped on the floor of David’s room.A) was B) had C) had been D) is9. You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator. Now ____ sour.A) I smell B) it is smelt C) it smells D) it is smelling10. I think much attention ____your pronunciation.A) must be paid to B) ought to be paidC) must pay to D) should paid to11. I don’t remember ____the chance to try this method.A) having been given B) to have been givenC) having given D) to have given12. The construction of the lab ____by the end of next month.A) must be completing B) must have been completedC) will be completing D) will have been completed13. As we approached the work site, the workers were seen ____the new house.A) building B) build C) built D) to build14. The composition ____ any more.A) need not to be corrected B) doesn’t need to be correctedC) doesn’t need be corrected D) need not correctKeys:CACDD/CBCCA/ADAB。
