大学英语四级精品复习资料
大学英语四级汉译英专项训练
解题方法：
第一步：首先快速浏览句子，先看英语不看汉语，从而判断划线处所填句子的形式、时态所谓形式包括：
1词组固定搭配（不定式短语、分词短语、动名词、句子等）
2.虚拟
3.被动
所谓时态是指：根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语句子的时态。
第二步：看括号里面的汉语句子，以核心谓语动词为切入点，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。第三步：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重新组合。动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。
真题详解：2006.12
1.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to (适应不同文化中的生活).[ 06.12]
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由it is not easy to可以推出，划线处应该接动词原形。
第二步：划分成分“适应不同文化的生活”
核心谓语动词是“适应”，“不同文化的”作定语，“生活”作宾语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“适应”=adapt; adapt to; adapt oneself to；“生活”=life；“不同文化的”=different cultures
2.重新组合：adapt oneself to the life in different cultures
[正确答案]：adapt oneself to the life/living in different cultures
[翻译]：跨文化研究专家说，适应不同文化的生活不是一件容易的事情。
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配]adapt oneself to sth/doing sth“适应------”
2.Since my childhood I have found that (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由Since my childhood I have found that可以推出，划线处应该填写一个句子，时态需要根据后面的汉语意思作进一步的确定。
第二步：划分成分“没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力”
核心谓语动词是“比------更有吸引力”，“没有什么”作主语，“读书”作宾语，“对我”作状语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“比------更有吸引力”= be more attractive to sb，“没有什么”=nothing，“读书”=reading，“对我”=for/to me。
2.重新组合：nothing is more attractive to me than reading
[正确答案]：nothing is more attractive to me than reading
[翻译]：从儿时起我就发现，没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力。
[考察知识点]：[比较级]nothing+比较级=最高级；时态：因为从句叙述的是现在的事情，所以用一般现在是即可。
3.The victim (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定应该采取虚拟语气，是对过去的虚拟。
第二步：划分成分“本来会有机会活下来”
核心谓语动词是“本来有机会------”，“活下来”作宾语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“本来有机会------”= would have a chance to do sth，“活下来”=survive
2.重新组合：would have a chance to survive.
[正确答案]：would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival
[翻译]：如果遇难者被及时送往医院的话，他本来会有机会活下来的。
[考察知识点]：[虚拟语气]与过去相反的虚拟语气，从句用had done，主句用would have done 有机会做某事：have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth----[语法讲解]：“虚拟语气”
考生应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式：
第一种：由“ if ”引导的虚拟句子
1. 与现在的事实相反：[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]
If I were you , I would marry him.
如果我是你,就会嫁给他。
2. 与过去的事实相反：[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]
If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.
如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。
3. 与将来的事实可能相反：[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]
If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?
如果明天下雨,你怎么办?
第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中
从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。
类似用法的动词有：
insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。
第三种：用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---”结构中的that 引导的主语从句中第四种：用在It is time that --- 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动词过去式。
It is time (that) we went to bed .
咱们该睡觉了。
注意: time 前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。
4.Some psychologists claim that people (出门在外时可能会感到孤独).
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由Some psychologists claim that people .可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句时态用一般现在时。
第二步：划分成分“出门在外时可能会感到孤独”
核心谓语动词是“可能会感到”，“孤独”作宾语，“出门在外时”作状语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“可能会感到”= may feel，“孤独”=lonely，“出门在外时”be away from home.
2.重新组合：may feel lonely when they are away from home.
[正确答案]：may feel lonely when they are away from home.
[翻译]：一些心理学家认为人们出门在外时可能会感到孤独。
[考察知识点]：[词性辨析] lonely. adj.孤独的、寂寞的；alone. adj.独自的[难点]：“出门在外”的翻译。When they are not in their hometown
5.The nation’s population continues to rise (以每年1200万人的速度).
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由The nation’s population continues to rise .可以推出，划线处应该填写状语或补语。
第二步：划分成分“以每年1200万人的速度”
词组固定搭配“以------的速度”，“每年”作状语，“1200万人”作定语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“以------的速度”= at a speed of---，“每年”=per year，“1200万人”12 million.
2.重新组合：at a speed of 12 million per year.
[正确答案]：at a speed of 12 million per year
[翻译]：这个国家的人口继续以每年1200万人的速度增长
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配] at a speed of-- “以------的速度”；注意：million不加s
2006.6
1.Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (找到去历史博物馆的路).
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由he had no trouble .可以推出，划线处应该填写in doing sth
第二步：划分成分“找到去历史博物馆的路”
核心谓语动词：“找到”；“路”作宾语，“去历史博古馆”作定语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“找到”= find，“路”=road/way，“去历史博古馆”the History Museum
2.重新组合：in finding the road/way to the History Museum.
[正确答案]：finding the/his way to the History Museum
[翻译]：他在这个城市已经呆了一段时间，因此毫不费力就找到了去历史博物馆的路。
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配] have (no) trouble (in) doing sth“做某事有（无）困难”[注意]：专有名词首字母大写, ie, the History Museum
2. (为了挣钱供我上学), mother often takes on more work than is good for her.
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由 , mother often takes on more work than is good for her.
可以推出，划线处应该填写状语成分，整个句子时态是一般现在时态。
第二步：划分成分“为了挣钱供我上学”
核心谓语动词：“为了赚钱”；“供我上学”作补语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“为了赚钱”= in order to earn/make money，“供我上学”=for my education/tuition，
2.重新组合：In order to earn/make money for my education/tuition.
[正确答案]：In order to make/earn money for my tuition
[翻译]：为了挣钱供我上学，母亲经常超负荷工作。
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配] in order to do sth“为了------”[难点]：“供我上学”学生考试过程中遇到不会翻译的句子是在所难免的事情，因此需要换个说法，或是利用英语来解释英语，最终目的是为了把句子填写完整。比如“供我上学”很多同学一旦出现不会翻译的情况，这时候需要冷静。想一下这句话还可以怎么说？我们可以说“让我完成学业；帮助我完成受教育”，那么我们可以这样来表达：in order to support my education; in order to help me complete my education等等都可以。所以考生在考试过程中，一旦遇到以上类似问题，先不要慌，可以先放过去，最后利用剩余时间根据上述方法再去解决。
3.The professor required that (我们交研究报告)by Wednesday.
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由The professor required that ,可以推出，划线处应该填写句子，并且是虚拟语气。
第二步：划分成分“我们交研究报告”
核心谓语动词：“交”；“研究报告”作宾语；“我们”作主语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“交”= hand in；“研究报告”=research reports（名词注意单复数）；“我们”we
2.重新组合：we should hand in our research reports.
[正确答案]：we (should) hand in our research reports
[翻译]：教授要求我们在周三之前叫研究报告
[考察知识点]：[虚拟语气] require等词+（should）do sth
4.The more you explain, (我愈糊涂).
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由The more you explain, .可以推出，划线处应该填写固定搭配，构成the more---, the more的结构形式。
第二步：划分成分“我愈糊涂”
核心谓语动词：“糊涂”；“我”作主语。
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“糊涂”= be confused(注意比较级)；“我”=I
2.重新组合：the more confused I am.
[正确答案]：the more confused I am
[翻译]：你愈解释，我愈糊涂。
[考察知识点]：[词组固定搭配] the +比较级---, the +比较级---
5.Though a skilled worker, (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.
[解题步骤]:
第一步：由Though a skilled worker, last week because of the economic crisis.
可以推出，划线处应该补全完整主句，时态由last week确定为一般过去时态。
第二步：划分成分“他被公司解雇了”
核心谓语动词：“解雇”（动词注意被动）；“他”作主语；“公司”作施动对象
第三步：
1.切块对应翻译：“解雇”= be fired(注意被动)；“他”=he；“公司”=company
2.重新组合：he was fired by his company
[正确答案]：he was fired by his company
[翻译]：尽管他是个熟练的工人，但是上周因为经济危机问题他被公司解雇了。[考察知识点]：[被动] be+done
[注意]：指代词明确问题。英语中为了表示指待具体、明确，通常需要采用指示代词进行修饰、说明。例如：his, ours, my等。
Unit 4 Translation 1、接受这份工作就得经常在周末上班，但约翰并不在意。 To take this job would involve working on weekends frequently, but John didn’t mind 2、众所周知，肺癌至少部分地是由于吸烟过多而引起的。 It is well know that lung cancer is caused at least in part by smoking too much. 3、我祖父母说，发明电视的那个人曾住在他们那个地段。 My grandparents said that the man who invented television had once lived in their neighborhood. 4、我提议咱们会后马上去办公室找史斯密教授，邀请他参加我们的英语晚会。 I propose that we go to find Prof. Smith in his office right after the meeting and invite him to our English evening 5、她因那病开过两次刀，身体十分虚弱，几乎站不起来。 Having been operated on twice for the disease, she was so weakened that she could barely stand up 6、教育家们认为，伴随着电视机长大的一代人，在电视机前花的时间太多，以致没有足够的时间学习了。Educators think that the generation growing up with television spend so much of their time in front of the TV that they do not have enough time to study. 7、我真希望你能拿出一个比这更好的解决办法来。 I do hope that you can come up with a better solution than this. 8、乍一看，这幅画并不好，但经过仔细观察，我们才发现它的的确观察，我们才发现它的确是一幅杰作。 At first glance the picture didn’t l ook very good, but after examining it carefully we found that it was indeed a masterpiece. Unit 5 Translation 1、史密斯医生从窗口望出去，突然看到一个年轻人正向他的诊所奔来。 Looking out of the window, Dr. Smith caught sight of a young man running towards his clinic. 2、艾米过去除了咖啡什么都不喝。 Amy used to drink nothing but coffee. 3、迈拉得知丈夫在事故中受了伤便哭了起来。 Myra broke into tears when she learned that her husband had got injured in an accident. 4、我们好几天没有看见怀特小姐了。她是病倒了还还是怎么了？ W haven’t seen Miss White for quite a few days. Has she fallen ill of somethi ng? 5、研究所所长亲自查明一切都没有问题。 The director of the research institute came in person to make sure that everything was all right. 6、伦尼今天早晨上学又迟到了。他应该早一点起床的。肯定是昨晚睡得太迟了。 Lennie was late for school again this morning. He ought to /should have got up earlier. He must have stayed up too late last night 7、嗨，你不应该把那些孩子赶跑。他们是来帮忙的，不是来捣蛋的。 Say you oughtn’t to have driven away those kids. They came to lend you a hand, not to make trouble. 8、对护士来说，坚持这项规定是很重要的。 It is important for nurses to stick to this rule. Unit 6 Translation 1、据报道，那条铁路曾因洪水而停止修建。 It was reported that the building of the railway had been held up by a flood. 2、罢工结果，资方接受了工人的要求。 The strike resulted in the management accepting the workers’ demands. 3、煤矿工人们决定为争取更好的工作条件举行罢工。 The coalminers decided to go on strike for better working conditions 4、我很想买下这本英文词典，遗憾的是我身上带的钱不够。
Unit 1 1.餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。 The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small business. 2.他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力，集科学家和实业家的品质于一身。 His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist. 3.像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显。 We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions. 4.显然，任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为，需要找一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。 Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others. 5.没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval, at someone else’s mercy. 6.人们渴望一种成就感，渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。 The human being longs for a sense of accomplishment, and being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will. 7.政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。 The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its lose. 8.现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业，而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。
2013年12月： 段落翻译： 试卷一：中餐 【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养（nutrition）。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 【翻译答案】Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 试卷二：信息技术 【真题原文】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 【翻译答案】As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern. 试卷三：茶文化 【真题原文】"你要茶还是咖啡？"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清（the qing dynasties）期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料（beverage）之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 【翻译答案】"Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture. 试卷四：中国结
第一单元 1. The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed. 2. Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day. 3 .Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 4. We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it. 5. Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. 6. They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security. 第二单元 1 ．If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous，it would have attracted a larger audience．‘ 2. She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress. 3 ．I never had formal training，I just learned as I went along? 4. As their products find their way into the international
公交常用英语 一、常用词语： 1、公共汽车 Bus 巴斯 2、出租车 Taxi 太克sei 3、电车 Trolleybus 超类巴斯 4、您好 Hello / How do you do. 好度有度 5、劳驾或请问 Excuse me…… A科斯Q私密 6、抱歉或对不起 Sorry 扫瑞 7、对不起打扰了 I’m sorry to trouble you 阿姆扫瑞兔揣宝有 8、谢谢 Thank you / Thanks 9、没关系 Not at all / It doesn’t matter 闹特爱特奥/ A特大怎特迈特 10、可以 It’s OK. A次欧凯 11、月票 commutation / monthly ticket 抗缪忒什/ 忙特雷忒K特 12、票价 carfare 卡fai尔 13、起点站 The starting stop 泽思达挺思道普 14、终点站 terminal / The Last stop 特妹闹泽拉斯特思道普 15、市区路线 Urban route 饿本入特 16、郊区路线 Suburban route 瑟波本入特 17、请等一下 Wait a moment 维特饿某们特 18、再见 Goodbye / Bye 19、首班车 The first bus 泽发斯特巴斯 20、末班车 The last bus 泽拉斯特巴斯 21、驾驶员 Driver 拽玩儿 22、乘务员 Conductor 肯达科特儿 23、调度员 Dispatcher 得死派车儿 24、请上车 Get on please 盖特昂普类似 25、请下车 Get off please 盖特奥夫普雷斯 26、中国济南 Jinan , China 济南柴那 27、空调车 Air-conditioned bus 艾尔可得什恩德巴斯 28、K系列豪华车 K series bus /可sei儿瑞丝巴斯 K series comfortable express 可sei儿瑞斯抗木否特包A科丝普ruai 丝 29、欢迎您！ Welcome 维尔康目 30、先生，您好！ How do you do , sir? 好读有度色儿31、小姐，你好！ How do you do , miss?
英语四级历年真题汉译英讲解 第一题（外国直接投资）： 商务部(Ministry of Commerce)最近发布的数据表明，在中国的外国直接投资(foreign Direct Investment,FDI)保持稳定增长。中国已经成为外国直接投资首选地。中央政府采取了一系列促进外国投资的扶持措施，这样既促进了经济增长，又贏得了国内外投资者的信心。商务部正在研究措施，进一步改善外商投资管理机制，创建一个透明和公平的竞争环境。世界银行(World Bank)也高度评价中国吸引外国直接投资所取得的成就。 表达难点： 1.第1句中的定语“商务部最近发布的”较长，故将其处理后置定语，用分词短语 recently released by theMinistry of Commerce 来表达。 2.第3句中的“这样既促进了经济增长，又贏得了国内外投资者的信心”，可用 which引导的非限制性定语从句来表达，which指代前面“中央政府采用了一系列促进外国投资的扶持措施”这一做法。“既……又……”在英语中的对等结构为both...and，其中both可省略。 3.第4句中的“进一步改善外商投资管理机制，创建一个透明和公平的竞争环境” 为表并列的两个目的，可将其译作两个不定式短语作状语 “to further improve... and (to) create...”，用and连接时后一个不定式的to可以省略。“外商投资管理机制”的中心词为管理机制 management mechanism，翻译时可在其后采用“of+名词”的形式构成名词所有格，对其进行补充说明，表示“……的”。 4.最后一句中的定语“中国吸引外国直接投资所取得的”用in引导的介词短语 in attracting Foreign DirectInvestment来表示在哪个方面所取得的成就。 而“中国”则作为形容词置于“成就”前面，这样比较符合英语的表达习惯。 资所取得的成就。 参考译文 The statistics recently released by the Ministry of Commerce showe d that Foreign DirectInvestment in China maintained steady growth . China has become the top destination for FDI.The central govern ment adopted a series of supportive measures to facilitate foreigni nvestment, which strengthened economic growth and won the co nfidence of investors athome and abroad. The Ministry of Commerc e is working on measures to further improve themanagement mech anism of foreign investment and create a transparent and fair co mpetitionenvironment. The World Bank also spoke highly of Chin a's achievements in attracting ForeignDirect Investment. 第二题（孙子兵法）： 孙武是春秋末期(the late Spring and Autumn Period)杰出的军事家（strategist）。他所著的《孙子兵法》(Sun Zi's Art of War)是中国古代最著名的兵书，也是世界上现存最早的兵书。《孙子兵法》现存13篇，共6000字。在这不长的篇幅中，孙武全面论述了自己对战争的看法，提出了诸如知彼知己、集中优势兵力打败敌人等许多作战思想。《孙子兵法》已被译为多种文字，在世界上也享有很高的声誉。 表达难点：
英语四级汉译英备考：翻译重点句型 摘要：翻译题所占分值为5℅，由5个句子组成，每句话都由一部分汉语和一部分英语构成，要求考生将其中的汉语部分翻译成英语，与所给英语部分构成一个完整的句子。抓住所要翻译内容的主干，然后在此基础添加句子的其他成分，句子既成。 翻译题所占分值为5℅，由5个句子组成，每句话都由一部分汉语和一部分英语构成，要求考生将其中的汉语部分翻译成英语，与所给英语部分构成一个完整的句子。抓住所要翻译内容的主干，然后在此基础添加句子的其他成分，句子既成。下面我们一起看一下，支撑整个翻译内容的重点句型。 1. It is + 形容词+ that 【例句】________________(可想而知)that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 【答案】It is conceivable 2. It is+形容词+to do/ doing 【例句】She had said what ________________(一切有必要说的话). 【答案】it was necessary to say 3. 倍数词+ more +名词／形容词+than 【例句】Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills ________________(比死于车祸的人多七倍) each year. 【答案】seven times more people than automobile accidents 4.（not）as/ so…as 和……（不）一样 【例句】The environmental problems ________________(没有他们在报告中说得那么严重). 【答案】are not as serious as they suggested in their report 5. no more…than 与……一样不 【例句】She ________________(也同样不宜当经理) a schoolgirl would be. 【答案】is no more fit to be a manager than 6. Nothing is more…than 没有比……更……的；……是最……的 【例句】________________(没有比……更重要) to receive education.
掌握大量的词汇对于达到一门外语的流利程度是至关重要的。一个非官方的但却是经常被引用的有关剑桥初级证书英语考试（Cambridge First Certificate Examination）的数字表明，词汇量少于三千五百词的学生不大有可能在这项考试中成功。最近的研究也表明，其母语为英语的受教育至18岁或18岁以上的人至少认识一万六千个英语词。除非你已经会讲一种像西班牙语或德语这样的语言，要获得大的英语词汇是没有捷径可走的：你就得依靠勤奋和专注。当然，你可以从上下文猜出你阅读中遇到的一些生词的意思，但往往你得查词典才能搞清它们确切意思。一个切实可行的学习新词的方法或许就是大量阅读，最好是读那些你觉得有趣或刺激的故事。反复阅读同一本书常常是很有好处的：你每读一次都会学到不同的生词，而熟悉的背景又有助于将这些新词牢牢地印在你的脑海中。 Mastering a large number of words is essential to achieving fluency in a foreign language. An unofficial, but often quoted, figure for the Cambridge First Certificate examination suggests that students with a vocabulary of less than 3,500 words are unlikely to be successful in the exam. Current research also suggests that native English speakers who have been educated up to 18 years old or beyond know at least 16,000 English words. And unless you already speak a language like Spanish or German, there are no shortcuts to a large vocabulary in English: you just have to rely on diligence and dedication. Of course you can figure out from the context the meanings of some new words you come across in your reading, but more often than not you have to look them up in a dictionary in order to be clear about their accurate meanings. A practicable way to pick up new words is, perhaps, to read a lot, preferably stories that you find interesting or exciting. It often pays to read the same book over and over again: each time you read it you will learn different new words, and the familiar context helps to fix them in your mind.
汉译英三步骤： 1.理解原文 包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解，也包括对原文句子之 间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。 2.英语表达 在正确理解原文的基础上进行的，不是一对一的死译，而是在理解原文的基础上用相应 的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。 3.核对检查 认真阅读自己的译文，要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思，是否有 漏译、错译，译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。 汉译英翻译技巧： 1.选择恰当的英语词汇 有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思，还有内含意思。 e.g.“国家”：country, nation, state, land 分别内涵：疆土、人民、政府、感情 有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思，运用时要特别注意。 e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda （带贬义） 汉译英选词原则： （1）选适合上下文的词汇 e.g.“观众”：audience,viewer, spectator 分别表示：听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众 “条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达： 工作条件：working condition 有利的条件：favorable situation 录取条件：admission requirement 付款条件：terms of payment 词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。 e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重，有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些 家务繁重的女工。 “就业问题”：employment problem, unemployment problem（找不到工作就业已 成问题，即失业问题） “没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs（没有工作又 需要找工作的妇女，不需找工作的并不包括在内） （2）要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同 e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。 ②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。 ①His joke made us laugh. ②What he said make us laugh. We all smile at what he said. （3）选词时不要望文生义，不要死译，要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。 e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。
历年英语四级翻译真题 及答案 集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]
历年英语四级翻译真题及答案2012年6月翻译真题 87. Those flowers looked as if they __ ___________________________(好长时间没有浇水了). 88. Fred bought a car last week. It is __________________________(比我的车便宜一千英镑). 89. This TV program is quite boring. We might ______________________(不妨听听音乐). 90. He left his office in a hurry, with___________________________(灯亮着门开着). 91. The famous novel is said to _____________________(已经被翻译成多种语言). 2011年12月翻译真题 87. Charity groups organized various activities to ___________________________________(为地震幸存者筹款). 88. Linda __________________________________(不可能收到我的电子邮件) otherwise, she would have replied. 89. It’s my mother _____________________________(一直在鼓励我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in my studies.
翻译题型介绍 这部分的时间只有5分钟，考5道题，且每个题目的答案一般是简单的几个单词，否则考试时间是不够的。该题一般考的是汉译英，因为这部分考查部分词组或句型的翻译，而且还比较侧重词组的考查。建议大家参考以下步骤来完成：确定重点词组或句型，翻译剩余内容，最终把两者结合。 翻译题型有三大考点： 1. 固定搭配考点：这是翻译中的最为核心的考点，也是近几次命题密度最高的知识点，应该引起考生的高度重视。比如说名词与动词搭配，形容词与名词搭配，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配，更为重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定表达，这些都可能成为本次考试的命题重点。 例1：By contrast, American mothers were more likely _______________________________ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.(大纲样题)。 【考点剖析】这个题目就非常典型。有两个固定搭配考点：1)be likely to do sth ; 2) owe…to /attribute…to (把…归因于) 2. 核心语法考点：这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题考点的重现和转移，这一点要引起同学的重视，尽管词汇单选题现在不考了，但是还是不能忽视这部分题目，因为考点是一致的。核心语法考点最重要的虚拟语气，其次是倒装结构、从句知识、非谓语动词等。 例1：The professor required that ___________(我们交研究报告) by Wednesday . 【考点剖析】本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气的掌握。Require后面接从句的时候，一定会虚拟语气，语法结构为require that +sb+should+动词原形。 例2：Not only ___________________________ (他向我收费过高), but he didn’t do a good repair job either (大纲样题) 【考点剖析】本题同样为典型的语法考点。考查了考生对倒装结构这个特殊语法现象的掌握情况。句首的Not only决定了倒装连接，下文用了过去时态，因此，这里需在he之前加did。所以答案应该为did he overcharge me。 3. 核心动词以及动词短语的考查。 例1：Though a skilled worker, ____________________(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis . 【考点剖析】本题的重要考点就是考生对“解雇”这个核心动词的翻译。可以表示解雇的有dismiss, discharge, fire等。 五条冲刺备考建议：
第1单元：（此单元无汉语） 1. No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 2. Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them. 3. Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 4. If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more. 5. Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children. 6. Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company. 第2单元： 1、被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚称自己无罪。 The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence. 2、总体看来，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。 All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron. 3、正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化。 No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion. 4、考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订宾馆是明智的。 Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 5、服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医生。 If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible. 6、总结这次讨论时，他说双方都会好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题。 Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem. 第3单元 1、在思维方面，与他的行为一样，他是非常传统的。 In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional. 2、教室一旦同意接受新的教学计划，他们就得面对新计划所带给他们的压力。 Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them. 3、从长远看，大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的。 In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one’s study after graduating from universi ty instead of going to work directly. 4、由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品德第一，所以道德观和学习成绩受到同样的重视。 As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally. 5、据说，原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开。 It is said that the meeting, which is scheduled to be held this month, will be put off till next month.
历年英语四级翻译真题及答案2012年6月翻译真题87. Those flowers looked as if they __ ___________________________(好长时间没有浇水了). 88. Fred bought a car last week. It is __________________________(比我的车便宜一千英镑). 89. This TV program is quite boring. We might ______________________(不妨听听音乐). 90. He left his office in a hurry, with___________________________(灯亮着门开着). 91. The famous novel is said to _____________________(已经被翻译成多种语言). 2011年12月翻译真题 87. Charity groups organized various activities to ___________________________________(为地震幸存者筹款). 88. Linda __________________________________(不可能收到我的电子邮件) otherwise, she would have replied. 89. It’s my mother _____________________________(一直在鼓励我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in my studies. 90. The publishing house has to ___________________________(考虑这部小说的受欢迎程度). 91. It is absolutely wrong to __________________________________(仅仅以金钱来定义幸福). 2011年6月翻译真题
英语四级翻译写作，复习方法与做题技巧 这篇文章是关于写作和翻译的高效复习方法，还有一些做题技 巧，是根据我的做题经验，以及一些网络（“零元课”网站）上的视 频课总结，希望对大家的复习备考有帮助。 一、写作篇 （―）复习方法 词汇和语法的重要性大家已经知道了，相信大家在前期复习阅读的过程中，已经有所掌握，在这里我就略过，直接来谈谈写作如何进行复习。 1 ?研究真题，熟悉写作各类题型，其实研究近几年真题你会发现一定的规律，我研究过英语四级真题汇编王的6年18套真题，发现图画作文和议论文总是交替出现的，并月■每年6月份和12月份考的是同一种作文类型。把握命题规律后，可以更好的复习。 2?背诵模板范文（真题范文+预测范文），可以买一本作文书，也可以用真题背诵，现在一些真题也会赠送一些写作范文，比如之前我用的巨微一一四级真题?逐句精解，除了真题里面12篇范文，还赠送了20篇押题范文，完全够用了。记得各种题材的范文都背一背, 多多益善。 3?平时做阅读题时，多多积累一些好词好句，尤其是很长的复合句，名人名言，谚语等，这些写到作文里面，都能为文章增色不少。
4?每周练习写三篇文章，可以用真题写作来练习，写完之后对照给出的范文进行修改，并不是说语言要完全一致，而是要看自己是否将材料的内容全部写到，思路是否深入，语言有没有缺漏，多练习、修改几次，写作水平就能逐渐提高。 5?要多多积累一些写作高阶词汇和句式，最好记在笔记本上，如果用在写作中，会更能体现你的英语水平，也就更能获得阅卷老师的青睐。 （二）写作技巧 1.长短句相结合：为了不引起阅卷者的视觉疲劳，一篇好的英语作文，应将长短句相结合。在文章第一段用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式；文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 2.以横向写作为主：在写作时，我们要横向写作，即写某一问题的横段面，而不要写成流水账。避免写成流水账的方法是不要就前一句中的一个非重点词再进行描述，而要对主题句从横段面去写，写完一个横段面就不要再对这一横段面进行阐述了，应当去写另一个横段面. 3?文章结构安排：无论是哪种要求，也无论是哪种体裁，我们都可以将其处理成三段式。表达需简明扼要，句型尽可能多样化。同时要注意段落间的相互联系，利用句间关系和段落逻辑关系，采用起承转合