15 INFORMATION WARFARE
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外国语一、战场用语(五十句)1、缴枪不杀!---Lay down your arms, or we will fire!2、我们优待俘虏!---We are kind to captives!3、你们被包围了,出来投降吧!---You are surrounded! Come out and surrender!4、我们不杀俘虏!---We do not kill our captives!5、不要受战争贩子的欺骗!---Do not be deceived by the warmongers!6、不要做无谓的牺牲!---Do not die for nothing!7、赶快出来投降,保证你们生命安全!---Come out and surrender right away security of life will be guaranteed!8、谁迫使你们离开幸福的家庭、漂亮的妻子和可爱的孩子?----Who had you leave your happy home, your charming wife and your loving children?9、你们在打一场无指望的仗!----You are fighting a hopeless battle!10、我们保证你们:生命安全!You are to be guaranteed security of life!11、我们保证你们:不没收私人财物!You are to be guaranteed confiscate of person belongings!12、我们保证你们不被虐待!You are to be guaranteed freedom frommaltreatment!13、我们保证你们受伤者将予治疗!---You are to be guaranteed medical care if wounded!14、举起手来!---Hands up!15、举起手出来!---Come out with your hands up!16、一个一个地出来!---Come out one by one!17、不许动!---Don't move!18、站住,否则我们开枪了!---Stop or we'll shoot!19、别耍花招!---Don't any tricks! 20、别害怕!---Don't be afraid!21、站队!---Line up!22、走---Go!23、跟着那个人走!----Follow that man!24、我们尊重你们的人格!---We'll respect your personality!25、我们不搜你们的腰包!---We'll never search your pocket!26、我们将释放你们!---We'll set you free!27、长官,快命令你的人员投降!---Commanding officer, Order your soldiers to surrender! 28、这是给你们的最后一次机会!---This is the last chance to you!29、顽抗到底,死路一条!---If you don't listen to our advice, you will turn into dead road!30、请珍惜你们的生命!---Please treasure your life!31、别误会。
美联英语提供:美联英语:高科技类新词汇汇总小编给你一个美联英语官方试听课申请链接:/?tid=16-73374-0 3C 融合(3c fusion)3G(3rd Generation)3R技术(3R techniques)4A(Anyone Anytime Anywhere Anything)CG(Computer Graphics )DVD(Digital Versatile Disk,多功能数码光盘)EVD (Enhanced Versatile Disk,增强型多媒体盘片系统)Open AccessSOI材料(Silicon on Insulator Materials)Wi-Fi技术(Wireless Fidelity)阿尔法客车”(AlphaBus)爱普(APIEL:Advanced Placement International English Language)按需计算(On-Demand Computing)白色农业(white agriculture)办公自动化(OA:Office Automation)半导体材料(semiconductor material)比较医学(Comparative Medicine)并行工程(Concurrent Engineering)博客(Blog/Blogger)超级网站(Super Website)城市垃圾管理的三C原则(Clean Cycle Control)创新决策权(Authority innovation-decisions)磁悬浮列车(Magnetically Levitated Train)大规模杀伤性武器(Weapons of mass destruction)(陶子)中微子(Tau neutrino )大科学(Big Science)地球模拟器(Earth Simulator)地球资料卫星(earth resources satellite)地震矩规模(moment magnitude scale)电子现金(Electronic Cash)电子支票(Electronic Check)动漫(Comic and Animation)都市农业(Urban Agriculture或Agriculture in City Countryside)二恶英”(Dioxin)非典型肺炎(Atypical Pneumonias)分布式计算(Distributed Computing)分布式能源(distributed energy sources)分子遗传学(Molecular genetics)疯牛病(Mad Cow Disease)干扰素(Interferon)干细胞(Stem Cells)干燥综合征(Sjogren Syndrome,SS)高技术(High T echnology,简称Hi-tech)高技术战争(high-tech warfare)高温超导电缆(High-TC Superconducting Cable)高温超导体(High-TC Superconductor)公共密钥基础结构(Public Key Infrastructure,PKI)供应链管理(Supply Chain Management)光纤通信(Optical Fiber Communication)国防高技术(defense high technology)国防关键技术(defense critical technology)国防信息基础结构(DII Defence Information Infrastructure)国际空间站(ISS(International Space Station)互联网时间(Internet Time)机顶盒(Set-Top Box,简称STB)基础研究(Basic Research)基因歧视(Gene Discrimination)基因枪法(particle bombardment)基因疫苗(Gene Vaccine)基因诊断(Gene Diagnosis)基因指纹法(Genetic Fingerprint)基因治疗(Gene Therapy)极端制造(Extreme manufacturing)集束炸弹(Cluster bombs)技术推广与科技服务季节失调症(maladjustment in season)建筑设备自动化系统(Building Automation System,简称BAS)健康住宅(Healthy Building or Healthy House)降水概率(precipitation probability)降水量(rainfall precipitation)金属玻璃(Metallic Glasses)京都议定书(Kyoto Protocol)精确农业(Precision Agriculture)精神领袖(Spiritual leader )精准农业(Precision Agriculture)巨磁电阻材料(Giant Magnetoresistance Materials)聚合酶链反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction ,PCR)军事革命(revolution in military affairs)科学技术教育与培训(S&T education and training)科学素养(Scientific Literacy)可视图文(Visual pictures and literature)空间站(space station)空中交通管制(air traffic control―ATC)蓝色农业(blue agriculture)蓝牙技术(Bluetooth)立体农业(stereo farming)量子纠缠(Quantum Entanglement)量子密码术(Quantum cryptography)量子隐形传送(Quantum Teleportation)硫污染(Pollution by Sulfur)绿色GDP(Green GDP)绿色纤维(Lyocell fibre)绿箱政策(GreenBox Policies)密钥加密技术(Key Encryption T echnology)敏捷制造(Agile Manufacturing)(20030731)纳米材料(nano material)与纳米粒子(nano particle)纳米机器人(Nano Robot)纳米科学技术(NanoST (Nano Science and Technology))纳卫星(Nano-Satellite)农业产业化(Agriculture Industrialization)欧洲洁净空气”计划(CAFE (Clean “Air For Europe rogramme”)贫铀弹(Depleted Uranium Bomb)平均无故障工作时间(mean-time-between-failures ―MTBF)普适计算(Pervasive Computing)气象卫星(meteorological satellite)千年生态系统评估(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment)清洁生产(Cleaner Production)全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,简称GPS)全球警报与反应网络(Global Out-break Alert and Response Network)燃料电池(Fuel Cell)人工乘客(Artificial Passenger)人类脑计划(Human Brain Project)人文发展指数(HDI)认证中心(Certificate Authority,简称CA)柔性制造技术(flexible manufacturing technology―FMT)朊毒体(Prion)深空探测(Deep Space Exploration)生命体征(vital signs)生命体征(vital signs)生态预报(ecological forecasting 或ecological)生物安全(Biosafety)生物防治(biological control)生物经济(Bio-economy)生物库”计划(“Biobank”Project )生物入侵(Biological invasion)生物芯片(Biochip)生物信息学(Bioinformatics)生物质能(Biomass Energy)时间旅行(Time Travel)试验发展(Development)受众分割(Audience segmentation)数字地球(Digital Earth )数字地球(Digital Earth)数字电视(Digital TV,简称DTV)数字鸿沟(Digital Divide)数字化战场(digitizing the battlefield ―DB)数字视频广播(DVB “Digital Video Broadcast”)数字图书馆(DL “Digital Library”)数字显示器(Digital Display)数字现金(Digital Cash)数字音频磁带(DAT “Digital Audio Tape”)数字自然音影技术(DNA “Digital Natural Audio/Video”)双星计划(Double Star Programme)水资源(Water Resources)酸雨(Acid Rain)外科手术式打击(Surgical strike)网格计算(Grid Computing)网络数据库(Network Database)网络综合症(Net Synthesis)危机管理(Crisis Management)微机电系统(Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems,MEMS)微流体技术(Microfluidics Technology)温室效应(Greenhouse Effect)物理农业(Physical Agriculture严重急性呼吸道综合症(SARS:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)阳光政策(Sunshine policy)遥感(Remote Sensing)遥医学(Telemedicine)液晶(Liquid Crystal)液晶(liquid crystal)液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)一票否决权(veto power)医学遗传学(medical genetics)医院信息系统(Integrated Hospital Information System,IHIS)移动计算(Mobile Computing)移动上网(WAP)遗传筛查(Genetic Screening)应用研究(Application Research)营养免疫(Nutrition Immunology)有机(生化)纳米材料(Organic (Biochemical)Nanomaterial)预发式计算(Proactive Computing)远程呈现(telepresence)远程医学(Telemedicine)载人航天(Manned Space Flight)载人航天(manned spaceflight)摘菊使者(Daisy Cutter)知识管理(Knowledge Management,简称KM)知识经济(The Knowledge Economy)知识引擎(Kengine)知识与资源管理(KRM:Konwlege & Resource Management)脂质体(Liposome)植物全息现象(Plant Holographic Images)中国强制认证(CCC“China Compulsory Certification”)重组DNA技术(Recombinant DNA Technology)转基因动物(Genetically Modified Animal)转基因食品(Genetically Modified Food)准晶(Quasicrystal)准一维纳米材料(Quasi-one-dimensional Nanometer Material)资源安全(Resource Security)自主计算(Autonomic Computing)综合性安全(Comprehensive Security,或非传统安全)总部经济(Headquarters Economy)组织培养技术(Tissue Culture Technology)太空农业(Space Agriculture)太空行走(Walking in space)太阳风暴(Solar Storm)太阳能(Solar Energy)炭疽(Anthrax)炭疽(anthrax)唐氏综合症(Downs Syndrome)提高战略运算能力计划Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative,ASCI 体细胞遗传学(somatic genetics)通信卫星(communication satellite)西尼罗河病毒(West Nile virus)消费电子(consume electronics)信息材料(information materials)信息技术外包(IT Outsourcing)信息经纪人(Information Broker)信息战(information warfare―IW)休闲农业(Recreational Agriculture)虚拟口腔(DentAART)虚拟人(Visual Human)虚拟人(Visual human)虚拟天文台(Virtual Observatory)虚拟现实技术(Virtual Reality Technology)循环经济(Recycling Economy / Cyclic Economy)美联英语:。
信息化战争概论范文
一、信息化战争的概念
信息化战争(Information Warfare)是指政府、军队、政党和社会组织之间通过信息技术和网络进行的战斗。
它强调运用传统的战争技术和信息技术的结合,以及信息技术和网络的恶意攻击,力量和利益,利用信息技术和网络技术对敌方进行战略控制、情报和战术攻击的战争形式。
二、信息化战争的特点
1、信息化战争具有国家战略层次的特点。
在信息化战争中,敌对双方采用国家战略层级的架构和思想,把战争把控制从战场层面上转移到国家战略层面上,使全体国民意识到,敌对双方在国家战略层面上的力量逐渐取代传统军事力量,成为双方实际战斗的重要因素。
2、信息化战争有着综合运用军事和信息技术的特点。
信息化战争本质上是一种综合战争,传统的战争技术和信息技术的有机结合,以及全程应用信息手段,可以更好地利用和控制敌人的战场行动,增强攻击能力和防御能力,使双方力量更均衡,更有利于取胜。
三、信息化战争的重要性
1、信息化战争具有更强的战术能力。
新概念武器微波武器(射频武器或电磁脉冲武器微波武器又叫射频武器或电磁脉冲武器,它是利用高能量的电磁波辐射去攻击和毁伤目标的。
由于其威力大、速度高、作用距离远,而且看不见、摸不着,往往伤人于无形,因此,被军事专家誉为高技术战场上的“无形杀手”。
微波武器微波是一种能在真空或空气中直线传播,波长很短(1毫米-1米)的高频电磁波,具有传播速度快、穿透力强、抗干扰性好、能被某些物质吸收等特点。
最早尝试将电磁波作为武器是二战时期,在雷达发明并成功应用于实战不久就有人创造性的提出用电磁波去攻击对方飞机。
到战争后期,当时的纳粹德国为对抗处于绝对优势的盟军空中力量,其科学家提出用特的大型聚焦天线将电磁波汇焦后发射出去用来击毁盟军飞机。
纳粹德国曾经对此进行过相当系统的研究并取得一定成果,由于战争进程太快,因此纳粹德国将其电磁波武器的资料通过潜艇送到日本。
当时同样饱受美军战略轰炸的日本早先也曾经对此做过研究,但由于自身技术实力实在太差〔注:在二战几个主要国家中日本军事科技实力始终倒数第一)因此始终没有取得任何进展。
纳粹德国资料的到来当时给日本以巨大鼓舞,日本人天真的认为自己得到一种足以改变战争进程的“超级武器”。
按日本人的设想,他们将制造一种直径达15米的抛光铝制圆形巨型抛物面天线(和今天被称为“大锅”的天线类似)用来将电磁波聚焦后发射出去来击毁美军飞机。
但一方面由于美军全面封锁导致资源严重不足,而战争进程远远超出日本人的预想。
另一方面,日本人的技术实力实在无法全面理解纳粹德国提供的相关技术资料,结果直到战争结束日本也始终没能取得任何实质性进展。
战后,纳粹德国电磁波武器的相关资料分别被美国和苏联获得,在此基础上美、苏分别开始各自电磁波武器的研制工作,后来随着技术的进步,电磁波武器最终发展为目前的微波武器。
美国车载捍马微波武器微波是一种高频电磁波,波长范围在0.01mm-1m之间,频率0.5GHz-100GHz。
在空中以光速沿直线传播,在几十公里的距离,瞬时到达,没有时间延迟。
信息战概述引言:我们所面临的问题是信息化问题,我们所面临的战争是信息化战争。
一、信息化战争什么是信息化战争呢?归纳起来,就是作战中的各个环节都予以信息化再加上一个完善的信息指挥控制系统对各种信息化了的资源予以优化,以取得最优的效能,由此可知信息化战争包括的问题有·信息化弹药·信息化武器系统·信息化作战平台·信息化士兵·信息化指挥控制系统·信息化指挥支持系统这样一来,在信息战争中除了以信息技术武装传统作战中的各个环节之外,又开辟了一个新的作战领域,即在信息及信息系统方面的对抗。
人们把这方面的对抗称为信息战。
二、信息战的特点及分类1、信息战的特点:(1)信息战的作战空间不再局限于军事方面,还包括了民用及公共事业方面;(2)信息战的活动扩展到竞争、冲突、危机直到战争的整个过程,即模糊了平时和战时的界限。
因此,人们把信息战分为两大类:一类叫独立的信息战;另一类为集成(或一体化)的信息战。
后者是联合作战的一个重要组成部分。
他是和传统的作战集成在一起进行作战的。
2、集成信息战信息战的目标是夺取信息优势并最终希望能达到掌握信息控制权(简称制信息权)的程度,它包括三部分:(1)发挥信息优势:即如何充分利用信息及信息系统对兵力进行实时或近乎实时的控制,这也可以说是信息保障问题。
(2)信息攻击:即对敌方的信息系统进行攻击。
(3)信息防御:防御敌方对我方信息和信息系统进行攻击。
其中信息优势部分又称为基于信息的作战(IBW),简称信基战,实质上是建设好和运用好指挥、控制、通信、计算机、情报、侦察、监视系统(简称C4ISR 系统),即在联合作战的环境下如何搞好纵向集成及横向集成,做到(1)信息网络能提供互联与互操作(包括分布式环境、通用的事务处理服务、对服务的保证);(2)对作战空间的了解;(3)有效的兵力管理。
信息攻击和信息防御作战,实质上是针对信息、信息系统及信息过程的可用性、完整性和安全性的。
15INFORMATION WARFAREHartmut PohlHartmut.Pohl@University of Applied Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg and ISIS – InStitute for Information Security, Cologne, Germany.Keywords: Attack types, Critical infrastructure protection, Informationwarfare.1INTRODUCTIONThe changes in technology in the last 10 years and the future will definitely result into a convergence of communications and computing in the fields of communications (telephone mobile also, internet, satellite), electric power, gas, oil, water supply, banking, stock exchanges, insurances, (air) traffic control, emergency services and disease management, information processing facilities of governments, governmental activities etc. in all countries especially in the first world. These and others are the so called critical infrastructures [Clinton 1996]. They are highly vulnerable because of their dependability of computers (hardware and especially software). Attacking one of these fields or infrastructures may result in a total disaster of the whole state.The critical infrastructures depend on each other – for example the traffic depends on the telephone/fax and internet. The internet depends on electric power, electric power distribution depends on the internet. There is no only one independent critical infrastructure.It is possible to connect to the internet all over the world with cost about less than 50 $ US per month. Computers cost about 500 $ US. Therefore the attack costs are low – especially compared with the possible damage.256 Part Four: E-Terrorism and Intrusion Detection2DEFINITIONS2.1Information WarfareI will discuss information warfare as a warfare attacking information systems by using information systems to destroy information processing of a town, region or country with the aim to damage or destroy one or more critical infrastructures.I will not use the word information warfare as the classical psychological warfare and the distribution of information by mail, files, papers, radio or TV. And I definitely will not use the word information warfare as information operations conducted during time of crisis or conflict to achieve information superiority or promote specific objectives over a specific adversary or adversaries. [DoD]2.2Strategy to Secure CyberspaceNational strategies to secure cyberspace are part of our overall effort to protect our nations. It is an implemented component of the national strategy for homeland security and is complemented by a national strategy for the physical protection of critical infrastructures and key assets. [Bush 2003]. 2.3Other Aspects of Information WarfareInformation Warfare can be divided into:-Offensive information warfare.-Defensive information warfare with all the security measures like access control, encryption, filtering (firewalls), monitoring, detectionand prevention of intrusions, management of information security incompanies, agencies and states.In this paper especially the first aspect offensive information warfare is discussed.3CASES OF INFORMATION WARFAREThere are only few cases of information warfare seriously published – especially cases of business information warfare.Information Warfare 257 4SEVEN THESES FOR THE FUTURE OF INFORMATION WARFARE.4.1AimsThe aim of an information warfare is to destabilize a state, a region or a government by shutting down one of the critical infrastructures – especially first of all the communication infrastructure, which serves the other infrastructures.4.2Attack TypesThe attack types are very well known like viruses, worms, buffer overflows, Trojan horses, etc. Some are only a little bit hypothetical like the Warhol–worm or Flash–worm. The attacks of the future will be very quick in attacking most servers of the internet in minutes and will act for a long time covert.4.3Perpetrators and MotivesPerpetrators are of the level of computer criminals: High grade experts are specialised in the fields of operating systems, communications, database systems, and standard software like SAP, People soft etc. You can find those potential perpetrators, specialised experts all over the world. Most countries offer studies in computer science and studies in computer security and information security.4.4National Activities versus CoordinatedGlobal PlanningThe mentioned critical infrastructure do not end at the borders of national states but exceed continents like the communication infrastructure (internet), telephone system, electric power, gas, oil, water supply, banking, stock exchanges, insurances, and air traffic control. National activities are not useless but not equivalent to the global risks; one nation alone is not able to secure the links to the continental or global infrastructures.4.5Critical Infrastructure ProtectionThe way to secure critical infrastructures is to identify the most vulnerable infrastructures first and secure them. But because of the linkage between the infrastructures it is very necessary to secure them all.258 Part Four: E-Terrorism and Intrusion Detection 4.6Legal, Political and Technical SecurityMeasuresIt is necessary to adopt security legislation in all states and initiate security programs. Theses legal and political measures are also necessary on a supranational level.The mentioned measures of the defensive information warfare have to be installed in total depending on the value of the processed data.4.7Arms ControlIt is necessary to control the development of the mentioned attacks and new ones all over the world – for example by monitoring the internet.5 CONCLUSIONSInformation warfare will be the war of the future between high tech states; and as asymmetric warfare between low and high tech states. The same attack types will be used by terrorist – small groups of men (one or more) attacking high tech companies and states and also bigger groups of men against (international) companies or states.6 REFERENCESAlberts, D.S.; Garstka, J.J.; Stein, F.P.(2000), Network Centric Warfare. 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