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数词作主语时主谓一致的特殊情况主谓语的一致关系通常遵循三个原则，即语法一致的原则，概念一致和就近一致。
关于数词（包括表示数量的其他词）或带有数词的词组作主语时，如何应用上述三原则，各类语法书均有说明，这里只谈谈一些特殊情况。
一．基数词+名词当基数词加名词表示时间，距离，价值或其他度量时，通常把它作为整体。
谓语动词遵循概念一致原则用单数。
但是，有时也可看作多个个体，谓语动词根据语法一致原则用复数。
例如：1）The past four weeks have been the driest in the country’s history.2）There were three quarts of mild in the refrigerator.二．One and a half+名词复数英语“一个半”可以写成“one and a half+名词复数”或“a+名词单数+and a half”. 两种形式中名词的数虽然不同，但谓语动词通常都是用单数。
例如：1）One and a half months has escaped.2）A month and a half has elapsed since our last meeting.三．One in, one out of , one of 等引导的词组英语“若干分之一”常可写成“One in+数词”，“one out of+数词”或“one of+数词”，作主语时谓语动词一般用单数。
例如：1）The survey report says that one out of twenty machines is in need of repair.2）Only one out of five is in operation.但是，在非正式文体中，也有用复数的，因为说话人所指实际上是不止one.例如：3）It is estimated that every one in eleven men over sixty suffer from heart failure.四．数字式子用文字表达数字式子时，谓语动词通常用单数。
2020年高考英语语法必考考点（9）数词及主谓一致【考点解读】一、数词1. 基数词(1)注意几个不规则的基数词的写法。
如eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty等。
(2)注意英语中的数量以三位为一个单位，一般对应阿拉伯数字的写法每三位加一个逗号，分别是thousand, million和billion。
如：ten thousand＝10,000; one hundred million＝100,000,000。
(3)数词hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score表示确切数目时不加-s，但若表示不确切数目时，要用复数形式，与of构成短语。
如：一万：ten thousand；成千上万的：tens of thousands of；两打鸡蛋：two dozen eggs。
(4)年代表达方式有两种写法。
如：20世纪90年代：in the 1990s或in the 1990’s。
2. 序数词(1)序数词前面一般加the，多数序数词由基数词加-th构成。
如：the fifteenth; 以y结尾的基数词变化时，先把y改成i，再加-eth。
如：twentieth。
注意几个不规则的序数词的写法。
如：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth等。
(2)序数词常可缩写，其形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。
如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th。
3. 小数小数点用point表示，小数点后的数用个位基数词表示。
如：0.567－zero point five six seven。
4. 分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，如果分子大于1，分母须加-s。
如：1/5－one fifth/one-fifth; 3/4－three fourths/three-fourths。
易错点04数词和主谓一致目录01易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02举一反三【易错点提醒一】常见基数词和序数词易混易错点【易错点提醒二】分数与百分数及主谓一致易混易错点【易错点提醒三】年龄、世纪年代易混易错点【易错点提醒四】“一些；许多”的词汇与主谓一致易混易错点03易错题通关易错陷阱1：常见基数词和序数词易混易错点。
【分析】hundred,thousand,million,dozen,score等词前有具体数字时，词尾一般不加-s,不与of连用,但可与many,a few,several等连用。
(如three thousand books;hundreds of books)序数词“第一、第二、第三”单独记；4-19词尾加-th。
（易错词：fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth）整十序数词辅音字母+y结尾时，变y为i，再加-th。
（如twenty twentieth;thirty thirties）the+序数词表示“顺序”；a+序数词表示“又，再”。
【规律总结】at first最初at first hand直接地first of all首先at first sight乍一看at second hand间接地first and foremost直接递a second-hand二手的stand first名列第一second to none首屈一指a second又一，再一ten to nine十之八九twos and threes三三两两，零零星星易错陷阱2：分数与百分数及主谓一致易混易错点。
【分析】表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。
分子大于1时，在分母后加-s。
（易错点：1/2不能用a second,应用a/one half）分数、百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词而决定。
易错陷阱3：年龄、世纪年代易混易错点。
【分析】表示“某人多大年龄”用“at the age of+基数词”或“基数词+years old”或“基数词+years of age”表示“某人几十多岁时”，用in one’s+整十基数词的复数（如in his thirties）表示“......世纪年代时”，用in the+世纪年代s/世纪年代’s（in the1980s/1980’s）易错陷阱4：“一些；许多”的词汇与主谓一致易混易错点。
主谓一致在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。
近几来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在形式一致、承前一致以及就近一致三个方面。
一、使用复数谓语动词的情况1．由and, both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：Both the teacher and the students are working hard.但当and 连接的两个名词指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，且第二个名词前没有冠词等限定词时；另外，and连接的两个名词前有each，every等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：The knife and fork lies on the table.2．“the＋形容词或过去分词”指一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：The wounded were sent to the hospital at once.3．the people/cattle/police作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：After hearing the news, the people present were all crying.二、使用单数谓语动词的情况1．单数名词、不可数名词、不定代词，如something/somebody, everything/everybody, anything/anybody, nothing/nobody作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Anybody who breaks the law is to be punished.2．不定式、动名词、主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Looking after the baby is my job.3．科名词，以s结尾的单数名词，以s结尾的书名、报纸杂志名、地方、组织名称作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Physics is hard to study.4．单数名词＋with, along with，together with，as well as，rather than, as much as, but, except, besides, such as, like, including等作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
名词、数词和主谓一致一、问：本考点的命题思路是什么？答：名词、数词和主谓一致在英语语法中的地位不是特别重要，但是在高考中还是时有涉及并且试题的难度亦较大，通常以单项选择题的形式出现。
涉及的知识点包括名词的单复数、名词的所有格、名词作定语的用法、易混的名词之间的区别等多方面的用法。
例1：（2007 湖南卷）We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks _________ so small that a day is unimportant.A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been【答案】A 。
【题源探究】这是一道综合性考题，考查主语与谓语的一致和时态的用法。
【广角思维】该题设计的极为巧妙，看似复杂的一道试题，如果注意到了对结构的准确把握和分析，我们就明白其实这是比较简单的一道试题。
The time 是真正的主语，of days and weeks是定语，所以谓动用单数，该句的时态是一般现在时。
综上可知答案为A【易误警示】不能准确地找出主语是这类试题出错的主要原因，有的学生认定days and weeks是主语结果选了B。
【悟彻高考】主谓一致试题中主语通常和谓语被一些其它成分分隔开，这是命题的一种发展趋势，如：当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等引导的从属结构，或跟有由as well as, in addition to ,with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式取决主语的形式。
The ocean, as well as the gulf and the bay, provides good fishing.John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.Hugh,as well as his two sisters, is vacationing in Wyoming this summer.Some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.My husband,more than anyone else in the family, is longing to go there again.【同类预测】主谓一致的关键在于找准主语，命题人设计问题时会做一些障碍来增加试题的难度，所以在做这一类型题时要找出真正的主语。
数词表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
一、基数词1．基数词写法和读法：345three hundred and forty-five2．基数词一般是单数形式，但下列情况，常用复数：（1）与of 短语连用，表示概数，不能与具体数目连用，如scores of people 许多人。
（2）在一些表示“一排”或“一组”的词组里：如：They arrived in twos and threes.他们三三两两的到达了。
（3）表示“几十岁”，用“in ＋one’s ＋数词复数”。
（4）表示“年代”，用“in ＋the ＋数词复数”。
（5）在乘法运算的一种表示法里，如：3×5=15 Three fives is (are) fifteen.二、序数词序数词的缩写形式：first—1st second—2nd thirty-first—31st三、数词的用法1．倍数表示法（1）主语＋谓语＋倍数（或分数）＋as ＋adj. ＋asI have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。
（2）主语＋谓语＋倍数（分数）＋the size (amount, length…) of…The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。
（3）主语＋谓语＋倍数（分数）＋形容词（副词）比较级＋than…The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。
（4）还可以用by＋倍数，表示增加多少倍The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.今年粮食产量增加了4倍。
语法专题七数词和主谓一致1.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials,the rest of which saved for other purposes.A.isB.areC.wasD.were2. One-third of the country covered with trees and the majority of the citizens black people.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is3.Barbara is easy to recognize as she s the only one of the women who evening dress.A.wearB.wearsC.has wornD.have worn4.Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A.isB.areC.hasD.have5.Such poets as Shakespeare widely read,of whose works,however,some difficult to understand.A.are;areB.is;isC.are;isD.is;are6.It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was journey.A.three hourB.a three-hoursC.a three-hourD.three hours7.It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area.A.are being builtB.were being builtC.was being builtD.is being built8.The teacher together with the students discussing Reading Skills that newly published in America.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;was9.Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be10.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities rising steadily since 1997.A.isB.areC.has beenD.have been11.It is not rare in that people in fifties are going to university for further education.A.90s;theB.the 90s;/C.90s;theirD.the 90s;their12.He went to the market and bought eggs and some meat.A.three dozen ofB.three dozenC.three dozensD.three dozens of13.Janet as well as the other young people who sent abroad by the government brought up in a small town.A.was;wasB.was;wereC.were;wereD.were;was14.Nobody but the twins some interest in the project till now.A.showsB.showC.have shownD.has shown15.When the injured to the hospital,they came to .A.was rushed;lifeB.were rushed;lifeC.rushed;livesD.were rushed;lives16.— What about the books?— Books of this kind well.A.sellB.sellsC.are soldD.is sold17.— Have you heard that Tom,along with his parents, to Japan?— Really? No wonder I haven t seen him these days.A.has beenB.has goneC.have beenD.have gone18.A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.were19.A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for one s health.A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are参考答案语法专题七数词和主谓一致1.D 句意:这家工厂用了65%的原材料,剩余的被作为他用。
数词和主谓一致一、数词考点透析1．hundred，thousand，million，billion表示确切的数目时，不能加-s ，如：two hundred students。
如果表示不确切的数目，则在后加-s ，并与of连用，如：hundreds of teachers，thousands of farmers，millions of stars。
2．scores of与dozens of都表示概数，意为“数十，许多”，a score eggs(二十个鸡蛋)、a dozen eggs(十二个/一打鸡蛋)都是成立的，但可以说a score of eggs，不能说a dozen of eggs。
3．年代的表示法有两种，如：20世纪80年代可写成in the 1980s 或in the 1980's。
4．年、月、日的表示法常按月、日、年的顺序，如：2015年6月7日写成July 7，2015。
5．“基数词＋名词”构成的定语，其中的名词用单数。
如：a three-month baby，an 800word composition。
6．序数词前如有the，表顺序，如：the Second World War，the first question; 如果序数词前有不定冠词a，则表示“再，又”。
如：I've failed six times，but I decided to have a seventh try.我已经失败了六次了，但是我决定再尝试第七次。
7．常见的含数词的短语：in twos and threes 三三两两one or two days没几天；一两天first of all首先second to none 首屈一指，不亚于任何人one by one 一个一个地ten to one十之八九one in ten十分之一fifty fifty对半强化训练一根据中文完成句子。
1．我身高1米71，体重75公斤。
I'm ____________ and I weigh ____________．2．44%的学生认为应当收取费用。
____________________ think that fees should be charged.3．我很高兴收到你6月7日的来信。
I was very glad to receive your letter___________________.4．这个故事发生在2014年2月8日早上7点15分。
The story happened ____________________ on the morning of ________________．5．沿着这条800米的街道有300多家商店。
Along this ____________________ street, there are ____________________．6．这套房子有25平方米，有一间卧室、一间浴室和一个厨房。
The house occupies________________，with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen.7．如图2所示，他们只有10%的业余时间用在体育活动上。
As is shown on ________________，only ____________________ is spent on sportsactivities.8．上周，我们对2，600名学生就“谁是你的偶像”做了一个调查。
Last week, we did a survey among ______________ on “Who is your idol”．9．图书馆的开放时间是周一到周五的早上9点至晚上7点，周末不开门。
The library is open ________________ from Monday to Friday and closed on weekends.10．这个活动将持续23天，从6月1日至23日。
The activity will last ____________________，from ____________________．11．你可以搭17路或59路巴士，地铁2号线在那也有一个站。
You may take ____________ and ______________ has a stop there，too.12．前门大街是一条著名的大街，有600多年的历史。
Qianmen Street is a famous street with a history of ________________．13．昨天气温下降到零下8摄氏度。
Yesterday the temperature dropped to ________________________．14．澳大利亚人Allan Stewart出生于1915年3月7日，2006年获硕士学位，是世界上获得硕士学位年龄最大的人。
Born ____________________, Allan Stewart, an Australian, became the oldest man to obtain a master's degree all over the world________________________________________________________________________.15．都江堰灌溉工程有2 000多年的历史，今天在灌溉方面仍然发挥着重要的作用。
Dujiangyan Irrigation Project has a history of ________________ and is still playing an important part in irrigation today.16．调查显示，三分之二的女孩选择电影和电视明星作为偶像，而48%的男孩选择体育明星作为偶像。
The survey shows/indicates that ______________ choose film and TV stars as idols, while __________________ choose sports stars as idols.17．调查数据显示，“父母”(作为偶像)在女孩中排名第二，在男孩中排名第四。
As the data shows, “parents”(as idols) ranks ____________ for the girls, but ________________ for the boys.18．这个小镇面积是9.1平方公里，人口有2.3万。
The little town covers a total area of ____________ and has a population of ________________．19．一年后即2014年，在第17届亚运会上他获得一枚金牌。
今年年初在世界游泳锦标赛中成为世界冠军。
A year later ____________，he won a gold medal at ________________ and became a world champion at __________________ early this year.20．学生会将在8月15日周六晚上举办一个晚会，欢迎来自美国的朋友。
The Students' Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening, ________________，to welcome our friends from the United States.答案：1．1.71 meters tall; 75 kilograms2．Forty-four percent of the students3．dated of June 74．at 7：15 am；February 8th，20145．800meterlong；more than 300 shops6．25 square meters7．Chart 2/Table 2; 10% of their spare time8．2，600 students9．from 9 am to 7 pm10．about 23 days; June 1st to 23rd11．Buses No.17 or 59；Subway Line 212．more than 600 years13．8℃below zero/minus 8℃14．on March 7th，1915；in 200615．more than 2，000 years16．twothirds of the girls；48% of the boys17．the second; the fourth18．9.1 square kilometers；23，000/23 thousand19．in 2014；the 17th Asian Games；the World SwimmingChampionships20．August 15th二、主谓一致考点透析1．语法一致主语为单数形式，谓语用单数；主语是复数形式，谓语用复数。
名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等充当主语时，一般适用语法一致原则。
如：(1)The boy is clever enough to learn mathmatics well.这个男孩很聪明，能学好数学。
(2)All the students are listening to their teacher attentively.所有的学生都在认真听老师讲课。
(3)Collecting stamps gives me pleasure and betters my understanding of the world as well.集邮给了我乐趣，也让我对世界更加了解。
(4)What you do is different from what you say.你言行不一。
2．意义一致有时要从意义着眼处理主谓一致问题。
数学算式、集合名词、疑问代词、“the＋形容词”充当主语时，一般适用意义一致原则。
如：(1)Five pounds is quite enough for you to buy a radio or a walkman，something like that.五英镑够你买一台收音机或随身听之类的东西了。
