高考英语 第一章 单项填空 第九节 数词与主谓一致知识精讲 北师大版

Unit 9 Wheels(对应学生用书第62页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词 - -会拼写、要识记1．therefore adv. 所以 ,因此2．hopeful adj.(人)抱有希望的3．thief n. 贼 ,小偷4．platform n. 站台 ,月台5．gentle adj.和蔼的 ,温和的6．vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量7．foolish adj.愚蠢的8．sunlight n. 阳光 ,日光9．shopping n. 购物10．figure n. 数字 ,数目11．pedestrian n. 行人12．ambassador n. 大使13．fierce adj.凶狠的 ,凶恶的14．schedule n. 时间表；进度表15．kindergarten n. 幼儿园16．pavement n. 人行道17．ferry n. 渡船Ⅱ.派生单词 - -能区分1．actual adj.实际的→actually adv.实际地 ,真实地2．benefit vi.&n. 得益；好处→beneficial adj.有好处的3．convenience n. 方便 ,便利→convenient adj.方便的 ,便利的4．neighbourhood n. 街坊；邻近地区→neighbour n. 邻居5．consequence n. 后果 ,结果→consequent adj.随之而发生的；必然的；符合逻辑的6．argue vi.争辩 ,争吵→argument n. 理由；论据；争论 ,争辩7．sense n. 感觉→sensitive adj.善解人意的；敏感的8．responsibility n. 责任 ,负责 ,职责→responsible adj.负责的9．impression n. 印象 ,感觉→impress vt.给某人深刻印象 ,使铭记→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的 ,感人的10．rely vi.依靠 ,依赖→reliable adj.可靠的11．appreciate vt.感谢；欣赏→appreciation n. 感谢；评价12．construct v. 建造 ,建设→construction n. 建筑；建筑物13．physics n. 物理学→physicist n. 物理学家→physical adj.身体的；物质的14．admit vt.成认 ,供认→admission n. 成认；允许进入15．addicted adj.沉溺于……的→addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子→addiction n. 瘾；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的16．occupy vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等)→occupation n. 职业17．suit vt.适合→suitable adj.适合的18．frequent adj.时常发生的→frequently adv. 频繁地 ,时常Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．I have my doubts that anyone has actually(actual) followed the proceduresstrictly.(2021·天津 (高|考 ))2．Buses run frequently(frequent) between the city and the airport.3．Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable(suit) for eating ,so they are thrown away.4．Located where the Belt meets the Road ,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Roadconstruction(construct)．(2021·江苏 (高|考 ))5．We talked until the early hours ,and consequently(consequence) we overslept. 6．It is beneficial(benefit) to some people ,while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.(2021·江苏 (高|考 )·书面表达)7．Stop feeling embarrassed because you are a sensitive(sense) person and your emotions are close to the surface.8．He is a reliable(rely) man ,and you can rely on him to do what he has promised. 9．If you try to bring up the matter again ,you will be very foolish(fool)．10．The Japanese occupied Taiwan and the occupation lasted fifty­one years.(occupy) 11．My house is in a convenient place ,near the station；please come to me at your convenience．(convenient)12．The man has been addicted to smoking for many years ,but he is now fighting his addiction to smoking.(addict)[拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回忆 - -会默写1．fed up 不愉快的 ,厌烦的2．work out 做运动 ,锻炼身体3．rely on 依赖 ,依靠4．pull up (车辆)停止 ,停车5．pull out (火车)驶离车站 ,出站6．so far 迄今为止7．take place 发生；举行8．go up 上升9．on average 通常；平均10．get/be stuck in 困在…… ,陷入……11．be addicted to 沉溺于12．be related to 与……有关13．thanks to 由于 ,因为14．take part in 参加15．take action 采取行动Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．Working out for an hour every day is good for your health.2．It's been a good game so far but it would be nice to see a few more goals. 3．When the girl was two years old ,she had an interest in learning English ,so her mother read three words to her on average every day.4．Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the last ten years. 5．The driving instructor told me to pull up at the post office.6．The success of this project relies on everyone making an effort.7．When I hurried to the station ,the train has just pulled out．8．So far the prices of many goods have been going up so that many families livea hard life.9．Ary told me straight out that she was fed up and wanted to leave. 10．Thanks to his effort ,it is more successful than we have expected. [拓展联想]In conclusion ,on the one hand Ludford is an attractive town with good shops and many places of interest.On the other hand ,the local governments need to do something to control the traffic which passes through the town. On the one hand I admire his gifts ,but on the other hand I distrust his judgment.4 pared to...作状语But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs of the motor car. 4.跟你比起来 ,我还差得很远呢 . Compared to you ,I still have a long way to go.5.It was...who/that...强调句型Before 1908 ,when Ford's cars became available to the public ,it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car. 5.他是通过努力工作才成功的 .It was through hard work that he succeeded.(对应学生用书第64页)精讲9个考纲单词benefit vi.&n.得益；好处[教材原句] People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years.多年来阿姆斯特丹的人们一直享受着骑脚踏车的好处 .(1)benefit sb. 使某人受益benefit from/by 从……中受益(2)be of(great) benefit (to...)(对)……(大)有裨益for the benefit of 为了……的利益get benefit from... 从……中受益(3)beneficial adj.有益的；受益的be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益from ,我们逐渐地可以养成这种好的学习习惯并且从中获益 .②China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for ,中|国一直在推进公立医院的改革 .③It is said that yoga is of great benefit to human health.＝It is said that yoga is very beneficial to human health.据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大益处 .链接写作【导学号：33220029】大量的学生都会从这种新教学方法中受益 .A large number of students will benefit from the new teaching method.①A large number of students will get benefit from the new teaching method.②The new teaching method will benefit a large number of students.convenient adj.方便的 ,便利的[教材原句] It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and therefore is convenient for bikes.因为该市道路平坦 ,很适合骑自行车 ,所以骑自行车很方便 .(1)It is/was convenient for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事方便sth. be convenient to/for sb.对某人来说做某事是方便的(2)convenience n. 方便at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候for convenience 为方便起见①Would it be convenient for you to pick me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport?你四点钟接我并把我送到机场 ,方便吗 ?②Come at any time that is convenient to/for you.在你方便的时候来吧 .③Can you telephone me at your convenience to arrange a meeting?你能不能在方便时给我来个 ,安排一下见面 ?[名师点津]convenient作表语时 ,不可用人作主语 ,而要用事物作主语或用it来充当形式主语 ,后接不定式的主动形式 .argue vi.争辩 ,争吵vt.坚决主张 ,提出理由证明；说服 ,劝说[经典例句] I don't want to argue with you -just do it !(牛津词典)我不想和你争辩 - -请干吧 !over sth.就某事与某人争论argue that... 主张 ,认为……argue for/against... 为赞成/反对……而辩论 argue sb.into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 argue sb.out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事(2)argument n .争论 ,辩论；论据 ,论点 ,理由have an argument ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧about/over sth.争论某事with sb.与某人争论beyond argument 无需争论①Some argued that attention should be paid to our heavy road traffic.(2021·江苏 (高|考 )·书面表达)一些人认为应该多注意我们拥堵的道路交通 .②The children are arguing with their parents about/over where to spend their holiday.孩子们正在与父母争论去哪里度假 .③We tried many ways to argue him into accepting our advice ,but in vain.我们尝试了很多方法劝说他接受我们的建议 ,但都是徒然 . appreciate vt.欣赏；感谢；意识到[ (高|考 )佳句] Very quickly ,she learned to appreciate life rather than to judge everything so harshly.(2021·福建 (高|考 )·完形填空)很快 ,她学会了欣赏生活而不是如此刻薄地评判每一件事 .(1)appreciate ＋n ./pron ./v .­ing 重视/感谢…… I would appreciate it if... 假设…… ,我将不胜感谢 (2)appreciation n .欣赏；感谢尽 .②I would appreciate it if you would help me with it. 如果你能帮助我做这件事 ,我将不胜感谢 .③Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.如果你能帮我找到丧失的箱子 ,我会真诚地表达我的感谢之情 .[名师点津]当appreciate ,hate ,dislike ,love ,like ,depend/rely on 等词后接宾语从句时 ,一般先加it ,再接宾语从句 .I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.我讨厌别人满嘴食物说话 .链接写作【导学号：33220030】我将非常感谢如果你能尽早让我知道你的决定 .(2021·全国卷Ⅲ)①(普通表达)I will be thankful if you can let me know your decision as soon as possible.②(高级|||表达)I would appreciate it if you could let me know your decision as soon as possible.amount n．数量 ,数目；总额[ (高|考 )佳句] Although the job takes a significant amount of time ,most students agree that the experience is worth it.(2021·湖南 (高|考 )·单项填空)尽管这份工作要花大量的时间 ,但大多数学生认为这次经历是值得的 .(1)a large/small amount of 大/少量的large/small amounts of 大/少量的in large amounts 大量地(2)amount vi.合计 ,共计amount to 合计；共计；等同于①It's best to buy vegetables in large amounts because they are cheaper now.因为现在比拟廉价 ,所以最|||好大量购置蔬菜 .②An amount of milk has been bought (buy) for the children so far.到目前为止已为孩子们买了大量的牛奶 .③Consumers spending on sports­related items amounted to￡9.75 billion.消费者在体育相关产品上的花费共计97.5亿英镑 .[名师点津]an amount (of) ,amounts (of)作主语或其修饰的名词作主语时 ,谓语动词的数常根据amount的单复数而定 .figure n．[C]体形；数字；人物；画像；塑像；人影vt.&vi.考虑；估计；计算；认为[ (高|考 )佳句] Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport ,I figured it all out. (2021·全国卷Ⅱ·完形填空)在去机场的路上 ,我坐在车的后排 ,完全明白了 . figure out 计算出；理解 ,明白figure on/upon 指望；方案keep one's figure 保持体形/身材①We can't figure out why so many people were taken in by such a simple trick. 我们不明白为什么有这么多人上了这种小手段的当 .②If you want to keep your figure ,please follow me and keep taking exercise every day.如果你想保持身材 ,请跟随我每天坚持锻炼吧 .admit vt.成认 ,供认；准许……入内；准许……参加；可容纳[经典例句] Dana admitted feeling hurt by what I had said.(朗文辞典)达娜成认我说的话伤了她的感情 .admit doing/having done/that...成认……admit sb. to/into... 准许某人进入/参加/入学(入院)be admitted to/into 被接纳进入；被录取到……admit sb./sth. to be/as 成认某人/某物……①After being seen in Hollywood ,Ma Yun admitted that ,马云成认他确实有兴趣为中|国的年轻人制作电影 .②You should have the courage to admit your mistakes.＝You should have the courage to admit your making (make) mistakes.＝You should have the courage to admit that you made(make) mistakes.你应当有勇气成认错误 .③Our football team decided to admit him as one of the members.我们的足球队决定接纳他为本队队员 .occupy vt.居住；占用 ,使用；占领；使忙碌 ,使从事[教材原句] On average ,about forty people travel in one bus ,while the same number occupy ,大约40人乘坐一辆公共汽车 ,而同样数量的人要占用33辆小轿车 .occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth.使某人忙于某事sb.be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 某人忙于某事传 .②He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied himself with a very important experime ,但是他忙于一个非常重要的实验 .③Occupied(occupy) in looking after three children at home ,she no longer has timeto enjoy the various activities in the club.忙于在家照顾三个孩子 ,她再也无暇参与俱乐部的各种活动 .链接写作【导学号：33220031】他正在忙于编制一项暑期方案 .①He is engaged in making up a plan for the summer holiday.②He is busy with a plan for the summer holiday.③He is busy (in) making up a plan for the summer holiday.④He is occupied in making up a plan for the summer holiday.⑤He is occupied with a plan for the summer holiday.suit n．一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜[教材原句] Do whichever of these things that suit you.做任何适合你的事 .(1)suit...to... 使……适合于……suit yourself 随自己的意愿suit sb. fine 很适合某人(2)suitable adj.适宜的 ,适合的be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事①This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and are suitable for the long­stay student.这种宿舍提供独立的生活方式 ,更适合长期住校生 .②He can suit his conversation to whoever he's with.无论跟谁说话 ,他都能说到一块儿 .诠释3个核心短语work out锻炼身体 ,做运动；解决 ,解答；计算出；产生结果 ,开展；制订出[一词多义] 写出以下句中work out的含义①If you spend time working out every day ,you'll have a healthy body.锻炼②To work out the difficult maths problem ,I have consulted Professor Russell several times.计算出③The area can be easily worked out if you know the length and the width.解决④It wasn't too long before we had worked out a plan acceptable to all.制订出⑤We have to depend on our original plan if this one doesn't work out.起作用(1)work on 从事…… ,继续……work at 从事/致力于……(2)out of work 失业at work 在工作；在干活⑥He has been working at a new novel for over a year n ,他一直在写一部新小说 .⑦The law to be carried out next month will benefit those who are out of work．将于下个月公布的法律会使失业者受益 .[名师点津]work out作 "解决；制订出〞讲时 ,是及物动词短语 ,可以带宾语；作 "锻炼；产生结果〞时 ,为不及物动词短语 ,没有被动形式 .rely on依赖 ,依靠[经典例句] Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children.(朗文辞典)许多职业妇女都靠亲属来帮助她们照看孩子 .rely on/upon sb./sth. 依靠某人/某物rely on/upon sb. to do/doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事rely on/upon sb. for sth. 依赖某人做某事rely on/upon it that... 相信……；指望……①You can't just rely on your parents to lend/lending(lend) you the money.你不能只指望父母借钱给你 .②You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time.你可以放心 ,这项工作将提前完成 .pull up(车辆)停止 ,停车；拔出；提高 ,改良；责怪[教材原句] She pulled up suddenly at the traffic lights.她突然把车停在交通信号灯附近 .pull down 拉下(遮帘、帘子等)；拆毁 ,拆掉(建筑物) pull off (费力气)脱掉(衣服)pull out 驶出pull through 渡过难关 ,摆脱危险Plans have been put forward to pull down and rebuild the area.已提出方案 ,要把这个地区拆掉重建 .②Pull off your wet clothes and let me dry them over the fire.快点脱下你的湿衣服 ,让我在炉火上为你烘干 .③Tom is popular with his colleagues ,which helps him pull through the poverty ofhis family.汤姆在同事中很受欢送 ,这一点帮助他渡过了家里的贫困时期 .突破2个 (高|考 )句型(教材P42)How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out,tired and angry?有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校 ?句中stressed out ,tired and angry为形容词短语在句中作状语 .形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等 ,可位于句首|||、句中或句末 ,常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开 .①One woman was lying in bed ,awake ,listening to the rushing winds.一位女士躺在床上 ,没有睡着 ,听着那急促的风声 .②Surprised and happy ,Tony stood up and accepted the prize.又惊又喜 ,托尼站起来接受了奖励 .[名师点津]形容词作状语时 ,常用以说明句子主语的状态 ,即和主语常可构成系表关系 .如果用以修饰句子的谓语动词或修饰整个句子 ,那么应用副词作状语 .③He was robbed last night ,but luckily ,但幸运的是那时他身上没有多少钱 .(教材P46)Before 1908,when Ford's cars became available to the public,it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.1908年福特汽车问世以前 ,只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车 .整个句子为强调句 ,对主语the very rich进行强调 .(1)当被强调的局部指人时 ,句子的连词可用that/who ,否那么就用that .(2)当被强调的局部为主语时 ,句子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致 .(3)强调句的一般疑问句为：Is/Was it＋被强调局部＋that/who...?(4)强调句的特殊疑问句为：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who...?(5)对含有 "not...until...〞句型中的时间状语进行强调时 ,应用 "It is/was not until...that...〞结构 .我是在11月一个寒冷的晚上首|||次看到我的作品的 .②Was it ten years ago that his father died?他的父亲是10年前去世的吗 ?③When is it that you will set off?你到底什么时候出发 ?链接写作(每空一词)【导学号：33220032】He didn't meet the girl he would like to marry until he came back from Africa that year.①Notuntil he came back from Africa that year didhemeet the girl he would like to marry.(倒装句)②Itwasnotuntilhecameback from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry.(强调句型)(教材P36)The new "white bike〞 is not actually white but is an unusual design with bright colours.这种新的 "白色自行车〞实际上不是白色的 ,而是一种颜色鲜艳的特殊设计 .not...but...不是……而是…… ,表取舍关系 ,连接主语、表语和宾语 .not...but...连接的并列成分作主语时 ,谓语动词的人称和数遵循 "就近原那么〞 ,即谓语动词与but后的成分在人称和数上保持一致.用法类似的结构还有either...or... ,neither...nor... ,not only...but (also)...等 .Not the manager but the workers are(be) hoping to do that.希望做那件事的不是经理 ,而是工人 .②Not only the students but(also) their teacher is (be) going to see the movie. 学生及他们的老师都会去看这部电影 .[多角快练] - -练单词练短语练句型 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -(对应学生用书第68页)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．She has been addicting herself to drinking (drink) since she broke up with her boyfriend.2．You may rely on it that he'll pay back all your money.3．He was injured in the accident and was admitted to the hospital.4．I appreciate your ringing (ring) back to me so timely.5．She spends a large amount of money on clothes every year.6．It was not until the authority approved it that the cinema could show it. 7．People have been receiving (receive) financial aid since they lost theirhomes ,jobs and businesses in the storm last month.8．There have been (be)two world wars in the past hundred years.Ⅱ.单句改错1．At average ,people who don't smoke are healthier than people who do.At→On2．He was careless ,and as consequence he failed the test.as后加a3．Is it convenient of you to come out this evening?of→for4．It was 8：00 that he telephoned me and told me the news.that→when5．By the time he realizes he walked into a trap ,it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.walked前加has6．Cycling is highly beneficial for health and the environment.for→to(对应学生用书第69页)Ⅰ.课文语法填空请根据Lesson 1的课文 ,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 .In the 1960s ,a group of cycling fans came up 1.with an idea that it would be better for everybody if cars were not allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.It could contribute to 2.saving (save) energy and protecting environment.Then people were free 3.to use (use) the bicycles painted by the group for short journeys.4.However ,all the bicycles were stolen by thieves ,5.which annoyed the cycling fans.6.Over three decades later ,the "white bike〞 has returned ,with each one 7.fixed (fix) with a computer chip ,by which the bike's every move is recorded.In addition ,the bicycles have special parking places.Nowadays ,with locals and tourists using the white bikes ,there is already 8.less ,this city ,where people 9.have been enjoying(enjoy) the benefits of cycling for many years ,is called "City of Bicycles〞 because of the 10.convenience (convenient) for bicycles there. Ⅱ.写作改错双练请根据提示 ,运用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文 ,并改正学生习作 .1．现在很多青年沉溺于网络 .(be addicted to)2．上周我们举行了一次辩论因特网的利弊的会议 .(argue)3．大局部年轻人成认因特网的大局部内容对我们有很大好处 . (admit ,content ,of great benefit)4．但它不适宜的内容也占用了我们珍贵的时间 .(occupy)5．最|||后我们制定了一个方案控制我们的上网时间 .(work out)第|一步练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文 .第二步练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作 ,其中有5处错误 ,请你帮他纠正过来 .At present, many young people are addicted to the Internet. Therefore, at the meeting holding last week we arguing about its advantages and disadvantages. Although most contents of the Internet were of great benefit was admitted, but its unsuitable contents also occupied our priceless time. At last we worked out the plan to control the time we'll spend surfing the Internet.【答案】At present, many young people are addicted to the Internet. Therefore, at themeeting holdingheldlast week wearguingarguedabout its advantages and disadvantages.Although ∧that most contents of the Internet were of great benefit was admitted,but its unsuitable contents also occupied our priceless time. At last we worked outtheaplan to control the time we'll spend surfing the Internet.。

一二
-4-
考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四
考点三 年龄的表达法 表示某人的确切年龄,用“基数词+year(s) old”或者“at the age of+基 数词”,也可直接用基数词;表示某人几十多岁时,用“in one’s+基数词 的复数(如twenties,thirties等)”来表达。
She is still in her twenties. 她才二十几岁。
The police are searching for the murderer. 警方正在搜寻凶手。 2.“the+形容词/分词”做主语,表示某一类人时,谓语动词用复数形 式。
The old are living a happy life now. 老人们现在生活幸福。 3.由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复 数形式(不可数名词同样)。
The new is sure to replace the old. 新生事物一定会取代旧的事物。
-10-
一二
考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 考点六 考点七
考点二谓语动词用复数形式的情况 1.有些集合名词如:clothes,cattle,folk,people,police 等做主语,后面的 谓语动词用复数形式。
About one third of the books are well worth reading. 大约三分之一的书非常值得阅读。
Over 30% of the work has been finished. 百分之三十以上的工作已经完成了。
一二
-16-
考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 考点六 考点七
-9-

动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(一)动词的时态Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene declared (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36­year­old business.解析：首先确定该动词为主句的谓语动词；其次根据宾语从句的谓语动词had以及上下文的时态等为一般过去时，故该谓语动词应使用一般过去时；最后，主语和谓语动词之间构成主动关系。

2．(2019·北京卷)On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I voiced (voice) my biggest concern to my mother.解析：考查动词的时态。

本句叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填voiced。

3．(2019·北京卷)Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question suggests/suggested/has_suggested (suggest) that，for most students，it doesn't.解析：考查动词的时态。

本文的主题时态是一般现在时，主语是research，可以用suggests；又可以表示“研究已经表明了”，用现在完成时，可以填has suggested；又可以表示“研究过去表明了”，可以用一般过去时，填suggested。

4．(2019·浙江卷)One study in America found that students' grades improved (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.解析：考查时态和语态。

高考英语主谓一致知识点总结高考英语主谓一致知识1(一) 语法一致原则即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。

2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。

4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。

高考英语一轮复习语法点专题讲解主谓一致英语中主谓一致是指句中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

在做涉及主谓一致的练习时,同学们有时会觉得顾此失彼。

究其缘故,往往是没有把握住主语的真正内涵,考虑不周全。

笔者对此问题作一总结,供同学们参考。

一样来说,主谓一致要遵循以下三个原则:一、语法一致原则主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。

(1)主语后面有as well as, with, together, along with, but, like, except, including等非并列连接性短语时, 谓语动词不受该短语中名词数的阻碍, 仍和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

例如:No one except two boys was late for school.There was a bill along with the parcel.The teacher as well as the students likes this painting.(2)由and或both.…and连接的名词作复合主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:The red rose and the white rose are very beautifu1.Both bread and butter were sold out in that shop.但要注意, 假如连接的两个名词表示同一概念, 即指同一个人或物时(其特点是and后的名词没有任何冠词), 则主语表示单数意义。

例如:The secretary and principal of the schoo1 was present at the meeting.The writer and poet has decided to be on holiday in Guilin.(3)在each.…and each..., every ...and every..., no...and...后分别跟单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。

＋比较对象B。 (5)主语A＋谓语＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than＋比较对象
B＋by＋倍数。
特别提醒：表达倍数时，一倍用 once，两倍用 twice/double， 三倍或三倍以上才用“基数词＋times”表示。
二、主谓一致 (一)主谓一致三原则 1．语法一致的原则。即主语是单数，谓语为单数；主语若为复数，谓语
(4)what，which，who，some，any，more，most，all 等 词做主语时，谓语动词的数根据实际意义确定。例如：
All is silent.万籁俱寂。(all 指代整个情况、事件时是单数) All are silent.所有的人都不做声。(all 指代人或物时，是复数) (5)none 做主语时，若指代可数名词，谓语用单数和复数均
特别提醒：单数的并列主语被 every，each，no，many a 修饰时，谓语也用单数。例如：
Every desk and chair is new. Each teacher and each student has been told to attend the
meeting after school.
专题九 数词和主谓一致
一、数词 1．基数词的结构特点： (1)在表达上十位和个位之间要加连字符“－”。 (2)在百位和十位之间要用 and 连接。 (3)千位以上的数从后向前数，每三位加一个逗号。 (4)hundred，thousand，million 等前面有具体数字或 some，
several 等修饰时，后面不加“­s”；但当其后跟 of 短语时， 要用复数形式。
特别提醒：①what 从句做主语时，谓语动词的形式主要取决 于后面的表语是单数还是复数。试比较：
What they want is nothing but a rest. What he wants are two books. ②当 what 从句表示所说的话或所做的事时，谓语动词应用

2020年高考英语语法必考考点（9）数词及主谓一致【考点解读】一、数词1. 基数词(1)注意几个不规则的基数词的写法。

如eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty等。

(2)注意英语中的数量以三位为一个单位，一般对应阿拉伯数字的写法每三位加一个逗号，分别是thousand, million和billion。

如：ten thousand＝10,000; one hundred million＝100,000,000。

(3)数词hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score表示确切数目时不加-s，但若表示不确切数目时，要用复数形式，与of构成短语。

如：一万：ten thousand；成千上万的：tens of thousands of；两打鸡蛋：two dozen eggs。

(4)年代表达方式有两种写法。

如：20世纪90年代：in the 1990s或in the 1990’s。

2. 序数词(1)序数词前面一般加the，多数序数词由基数词加-th构成。

如：the fifteenth; 以y结尾的基数词变化时，先把y改成i，再加-eth。

如：twentieth。

注意几个不规则的序数词的写法。

如：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth等。

　(2)序数词常可缩写，其形式为阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母。

如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th。

3. 小数小数点用point表示，小数点后的数用个位基数词表示。

如：0.567－zero point five six seven。

4. 分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，如果分子大于1，分母须加-s。

如：1/5－one fifth/one-fifth; 3/4－three fourths/three-fourths。

高考语法填空抢分热点之主谓一致一、考点精讲1.动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

例如：Watching TV too much is （be）bad for your health。

（看电视太多对你的健康有害。

）2.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。

例如：To learn English very well is necessary./It is necessary to learn English very well.（学好英语是必要的。

）3.主语从句作主语，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。

例如：What is well-known to us is that the Summer Palace is in China.（众所周知，颐和园在中国。

）4.不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单是形式。

例如：The bad news is incredible.（坏消息令人难以置信。

）5.主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，but，except，in addition to 等短语时，谓语动词遵循就远原则，在人称和数上要与前面的主语保持一致。

例如：Mr. White，along with his friends，is playing football.（怀特先生和他的朋友们正在踢足球。

）6.由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则，常与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

例如：Neither I nor he has visited the Great Wall.（我和他都没有去过长城。

）二、高考题经典解读1.The publication of Great Expectations，which ______（be）both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens' status as a leading novelist.【答案】was【解析】考查主谓一致。

was pretending (pretend) that a 11. He _______________ tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.
在主格he后，pretend是谓语动词，又由与 之并列的giving可知，是过去进行时，主 语是第三人称单数，故填was pretending。
谓语与the headmaster一致，故be用第三人 称单数is, “be + to do”表示安排好的事。
2. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of was visiting her class, ____________(visit) a museum when the earthquake struck. 谓语与the teacher一致，又根据惯用句型 结构was /were doing...when...可知，用过 去进行时态。
12. “Your father has at last decided to was informed stop smoking.” Jane ______________ (inform). 在主语Jane后的inform应是谓语动词， Jane与inform是被动关系，要用“be +过 去分词”；由语境可知是一般过去时，主 语是第三人称单数，故was informed。
15. 当“(large) quantities of+可数或不可数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 16. 当what引导主语从句，或由 and连接两个动 词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应根 据意义一致的原则来决定。 17. 语法一致原则，非谓语动词 (动词的ing形 式、不定式)作主语时，谓语一般用单数形式。 18. 当“each + of+名词/代词”作主语时，谓语 动词用单数形式。 19. 语法一致原则，从句作主语时，谓语一般用 单数形式。

We love our motherland .
什么是主谓一致？
主谓一致是指谓语动词必须和 _主__语_ 在__人_称__和数上保持一致.
三个基本原则：
♠就近/就远原则 ♠语法一致原则 ♠意义一致原则
★Ⅰ1.就近原则
or , either…or , neither…nor, not only …but also…， there be…./here be……
newspapers that ___w__a_s__ (be) newly published last month.
6. The manager and designer ___i_s ____ (be) to give some suggestions for the design of the new building in a while.
A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 3.Either the headmaster or you ____ the prizes to these
gifted students at the meeting. A. is handed out B. are handed out C. are to hand out D. is to hand out
(1) Ten dollars _h_a_s(have) been wasted.
(2) Two thousand miles _i_s_ (be)a long distance. 2、the + adj. 表一类人，谓语动词用__复__数_.
表抽象概念的事，谓语动词用_单__数__. （1）In China，the old _a_re_ （be）taken good care of. (2) The unknown __is_ always something to be feared.

考点13 主谓一致 考点
1.主要考查的知识点： (1)主语为不可数名词、不定代词、表示单一概念的 动名词、不定式或句子等时，其谓语动词的数。 (2)every / each / no 修饰名词作主语，及and连接的 两个有every /each/no修饰的名词作主语时，或more than one ＋名词以及many a ＋单数名词作主语时， 谓语动词的数。
3. 就近原则 (1) Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter. (2) In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. (3) Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.
规则6：a number of ＋复数名词，“许多……”，复数 意义；the number of ＋复数名词，“……的数目”， 单数意义。the population of…“……的人口数量”作 主语时，谓语用单数，但如果是分数/百分数/half of/the rest of＋the population 作主语时，谓语则用复 数，具体指其中的多少人，复数意义，如：(7)。the average of …“……的平均数量”，作主语时，谓语 用单数。
规则11：当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、 同一物、同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓 语动词用单数形式。另外，当and 连接两个形容词 修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的 事物，主语则应该看作是复数，那么谓语动词也应 该用复数，如：(12)、(13)。

名词作主语时谓语动词的数
1．下列名词作主语时谓语动词用单数 可数名词单数形式、不可数名词；表示时间、距离、金 钱、度量、容量、书名等的名词；有不定代词 each/every/no/many a 所修饰的名词或由它们修饰并有 and 连接的并列名词，即： each＋单数名词 and(each)＋单数名词；以-ics 结尾表示 学科的名词；the number of 修饰的复数名词；集体名词表示 整体时(family 家庭)。如：
2．下面名词作主语时谓语动词要用复数：可数名词复数； 集体名词表示个体时(family 家人)
80% of the population in China are farmers. 80%的中国人口是农民。
典例 —Did you go to the show last night?
—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ________invited.
①More than 70% of the surface of our planet is covered by water.我们这颗行星 70%的表面被水覆盖。
②Two thirds of the population in the province are peasants.
这个省 2/3 的人口是农民。
2．单、复数问题 这类词受到具体的数或不定量的数修饰时，一般情况下 用单数。如：two hundred students 二百个学生；several thousand reasons 几千个理由；two dozen of these people 这些 人中的二十四人。当表示不确切数目时，其前往往不加修饰 词，这类词用复数，其后加 of 短语。如： thousands of thousands of visitors 成千上万的游客