2017届上海英语高考新题型--6选4(1)

2017届上海英语高考新题型----六选四专题练习（二）（1）The animal trainers at Ocean Park have learned to be creative to ensure that their three special guests remain on top form. Willa Wu reports.From the moment he steps out, you can see he's a star. Le Le, the 125-kilo male giant panda who presides over the panda house at Hong Kong's Ocean Park, has a flair for showmanship.He climbs the rockery, glides down the gentle slopes and gestures that he wants to play with his toys; ___________________________________In zoological circles,___________________________________. But that hardly seems the correct word because Matt Leung Ka-lun, a terrestrial(陆地的) life-science supervisor, doesn't conduct any training. Instead, he is content to take notes.While tourists happily snap photos of Le Le eating bamboo shoots, Leung observes just how much the panda eats, __________________________________________"Observation is a priority in my job. It plays an important role in helping to better attend to the pandas," he said.Leung previously noticed that Ying Ying, Le Le's female companion, only chewed with the left side of her jaw. After several examinations, the park's vets discovered that the teeth on the right side of her jaw were decayed, and___________________________________: "To prevent further decay and to minimize the impact on her diet, we treated the affected area with fillings. She can now chew on both sides."The Hong Kong native has been with the park since 2010, when he returned from the United States with a bachelor's degree in psychology. His first job was looking after An An and JiaJia, the park's senior pandas, which were sent as conservation ambassadors by the central government to mark the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in 1997.Rapid urbanization and a shift in lifestyles are the key factors behind a 20-year increase in heart disease among Chinese, according to a Harvard University study.The study by the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health suggests that ______1_____ changes in Chinese society may have contributed to the surge in cardiovascular(心血管的) diseases, which can lead to heart attacks and stroke.Also found were______2______ in high-cholesterol cases, obesity and Type 2 diabetes.The study, published on Monday in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, contends(主张) that an increasing body mass index, ______3______ physical activity, smoking and unhealthy diets have contributed to the rise in cardiovascular disease, the No 1 cause of death in China.Tobacco use is ______4______ in China, but 53.4 percent of the nation's men still smoke. In 2011, tobacco use was connected to 1.3 million cases of cardiovascular disease, the study found.Low-grade cigarettes can be had for 3 yuan (49 cents) a pack in China, the world's largest cigarette ______5______. China has 300 million smokers; the US has a(n)______6______ 60 million.In 2015, authorities passed anti-smoking legislation ______7______smoking in all indoor public places, workplaces and on public transportation.The study's authors also ______8______that while the Chinese diet has improved in some areas－with more fiber, fruit, nuts and omega-3 fatty acids－the consumption of red meat and sugary beverages is growing.High salt intake－which ______9______ 5.4 grams daily in 2011－was blamed for 20 percent of cardiovascular disease cases in China.The increases in hypertension and BMI were more prevalent among younger people and rural residents, the authors said."Our estimates suggest that the continued rise in high blood pressure, a(n)______10______ sedentary（久坐的）lifestyle, increasing obesity and worsening dietary trends will add millions of new cases of heart attacks and stroke over the next two decades," said Yanping Li, research scientist in the Department of Nutrition at Harvard Chan School and the study's lead author.C I FG EAJD BK。

2017年高三英语一模汇编——六选四One宝山区Section CDirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.This future may not be what you thinkB.Robots can’t successfully imitate doctor’s motions in the operating roomC.Finally, several humans observed as the robotic arm made numerous motionsD.The nursing assistant for your next trip to the hospital will still be human beingsE.They will just allow us to decrease workload and achieve better performances in several tasksF.His work indicates that humans and robots can effectively cooperate during high-task events such as surgeriesYour next nurse could be a robotDr. De Momi, of the Politecnico di Milano(Italy), led an international team that trained a robot to imitate natural human actions. (67)___________________Over time this should lead to improvements in safety during surgeries because unlike their human counterparts robots do not tire and can complete an endless series of precise movements. The goal is not to remove skill from the operating room, but to complete it with a robot’s particular skills and benefits.“As a roboticist, I am convinced De Momi’s team photographed a human being conducting numerous reaching motions, in a way similar to handing instruments to a surgeon. These camera captures were input into the neural network of robotic arm, which is crucial to controlling movements. Next a human operator guided the robotic arm in imitating the reaching motions that the human subject had initially performed. Although there was not a perfect overlap between the robotic and human actions, they were broadly similar.(69) ___________________These observers determined whether the actions of the robotic arms were “biologically inspired,” which would indicate that their neural networks had effectively learned to imitate human behavior. About 70% of the time this is exactly what the human observers concluded.These results are promising, although further research is necessary to confirm or refine De Momi’s conclusions. If robotic arms can indeed imitate human behavior, it would be necessary tobuild conditions in which humans and robots can operate effectively in high stress environmentslike operating rooms. (70)_________________________ De Momi’s work is part of the growingfield of healthcare robotics, which has potential to change the way we receive health care soonerrather than later.67-70 FECATwo崇明区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given m the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.. A special value is placed on education in Asia, where tutoring is viewed as an extension of the school day.B. Children don't seem to mind that they have a tutor.C. Diagnostic tests can help take into account the areas of study needing special review and emphasis.D. Another reason for the growth in business is parental frustration and their packed schedules.E. Children work cooperatively with their private tutors.F. Nor is it aimed only at lower-achieving students.Tutoring a New NormalIt’s not piano lessons or dance lessons. Nowadays, the biggest extra-curricular activity in theWest is going to a tutor. “I spend about 800 Canadian dollars a month on tutors. It’s costly,” saysPet, a mother in Canada. However, she adds, “after finding out half my daughter’s class had tutors,I felt like my child was going to fall behind because everyone else seemed to be ahead.s.Shelley, a mother of three, also has tutors constantly coming in and out of her home. “WhenI used to sit down with my children, it was hard to get them focused. I was always shouting.When I got a tutor once a week, they became focused for one entire hour and could get most oftheir homework done.”Tutoring isn’t simply a private school phenomenon. 67________ In Canada alone, seven percent of high school students reported using a tutor in 2010. That increased to 15 percent last year.Overall, parents hire tutors because they are worried schools are not meeting their expectations, but there is also a cultural shift. 68 ________As a large number of Asians emigrated to the West over the recent years, their attitudes towards education have had an impact.69________ “A lot of parents just don have time to help their children with homework,”says Julie Diamond, president of an American tutoring company. “Others couldn’t help their children after Grade 3.”There has been a shift in the attitudes, too. “Children used to get bullied(欺侮）for having a tutor,” Diamond says. “Now it’s becoming the norm to have one.”70 ________One parent feels surprised that so many of her child’s classmates have tutors. “For the amount we pay in tuition, they should have as much extra help as they need，” she says. Still, she’s now thinking of getting a tutor. Why? Her daughter has actually asked for one.FADBThree 杨浦区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there arc two more sentences than you need.A.In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it pm tropical Fiji 50 places belowfreezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren't as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government!E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they're not mad about shopping and spending.Where do you think the world's happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 67 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let's start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital than other country.And there's another advantage to those high taxes. Because a shop assistant's final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don't choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There's a philosophy in Denmark known as "Jante-love", which translates as "you're no better than anybody else." ___68___ But workers in otherr countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn't seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a "post consumerist" society. ___69___ What is more important is the sense of society and it's no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.___70___ They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You'll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. Youtake what you want and leave the money in a basket. Perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes---simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.67----70 EBFCFour虹口区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. He found the bacterium had a similar effect on the mice as an anti-depressive drug mightB. Soil bacteria not only benefit people but also benefit animalsC. Gardening can also be used as a way of treating addictionD. It’s no wonder some of us turn to gardening as a form of therapyE. Alcohol can make people behave peculiarly and dangerously in gardeningF. Some experts actually believe that getting outside to dig and plant things acts as a “natural excitement”The Good of GardeningDo you have a hobby that helps you relax and unwind? For some people, there is no better way to relieve pressure than spending time in the garden. This small private area of green space can be their place of calm.__67__. A survey conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society, found that 82% of people in the UK said that gardening makes them happier. It also found that 70% of them, given the choice, would prefer to spend their working day in the garden with just 9% opting for an office.For those with green fingers, the pleasure of gardening comes from getting out in the fresh air, in all weathers and communing with nature -- even if there are a few too many worms! It can also be seen as a sort of digital-detox -- time away from technology. __68__.Dr Christopher Lowry, a neuroscientist at the University of Colorado, injected a bacterium commonly found in soil into mice to see what affection this would have on them. __69__. When we dig in soil we absorb this bacterium through our lungs or cuts in our skin, so Dr Lowry concluded that since the mice seemed happier when treated with soil bacteria, it’s likely we would be, too.__70__. Th ere’s evidence that recovering alcoholics who have been given the opportunity to plant, grow, and even sell their produce, have managed to stop their addictive habits. Scot Stephenson, for example, got dismissed from school and started a vocational qualification in gardening. He says, “I got my NVQ level 2 which is my first qualification and enjoyed it ever since.”Whatever the reason, there are many therapeutic benefits to getting your hands dirty, doing some physical hard work and then watching your garden grow. Does this sound like your idea of fun?67-70: DFACFive黄浦区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Many of us just drive on as we have right of way.B. It is this social aspect that makes many people suspicious about driverless cars.C. The latest robot cars are able to make the necessary eye contact with a human driver.D. Humans are always suspicious about new technologies of which they have little experience.E. Even many people with suspicion accept that emotionless A Vs could cause fewer accidents than we humans.F. These safety-first robot cars could become victims of their own politeness and end up being bullied and ignored by aggressive, impatient humans.Would You B ully(欺负) a Driverless Car or Show It Respect?Say you’re driving down a two-way street and there’s a truck unloading a delivery in the opposite lane. The oncoming traffic needs to pull out into your lane to overtake.What do you do?___67___ Eventually one of us feels charitable and slows down to allow the oncoming car to overtake and give permission with a quick flash of headlights or a wave of the hand.But what if the car waiting patiently behind the parked truck is a driverless or autonomous vehicle (AV)? Will this robot car be able to understand what you mean when you flash your lights or wave your hands?Its sensors could decide that it’s only safe to overtake when there’s no oncoming traffic at all.On a busy road at school home time, this may be never, leading to increasingly angry drivers queuing behind. ___68___ This is one of the conclusions to be drawn from research carried out by Dr Chris Tennant of the psychological and behavioural science department at the London School of Economics.His Europe-wide survey finds that nearly two-thirds of drivers think machines won’t have enough common sense to interact with human drivers, and more than two-fifths think a robot car would remain stuck behind our assumed parked truck for a long time.Driving isn’t just about technology and engineering, it’s about human interactions and psychology. The road is a social space. ___69___ “If you view the road as a social space, you will consciously negotiate your journey with other drivers. People who like that negotiation process appear to feel less comfortable engaging with A Vs than with human drivers,” says Mr Tennant in his report.___70___ A statistic often trotted out(动不动就搬出) is that human error is responsible for more than 90% of accidents, with our tendency to road anger, tiredness and lack of concentration.67-70 AFBESix嘉定长宁区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. They can be endlessly improved as we better understand how to treat animals.B. Experts have broken fresh ground in breeding captive animalsC. Yet critics suggest that animals should not be kept in cageD. Studies have clearly shown that captive animals will live longer and be more active kept in an environment close to their native surroundingsE. This, therefore, puts sever pressure on the legs and feet of these giants and causes long-lasting injury in some captive animals.F. Evidences indicate that some animals depend greatly on surroundings.Are zoos bad for animals ?Zoos have existed since ancient times and were features of the great courts of Egypt and China. The display of unusual animals form foreign countries was, for a long time, a show of wealth and power. Today, zoos focus on the preservation of animals species and the education of the public. __67___Some animals are distinctly unsuited for life in a zoo, however noble the aims of the organization.Keeping elephant in captivity (囚禁) has long caused argument among animals rights activists.Elephant in the wild wander constantly, covering a wide territory on a daily basis. In captivity, they have no choice but to stand still for long periods of time. ___68____. Yet elephants are a threatened species in their native environments and are heavily caught for ivory(象牙)，leather and meat illegally. To protect the species form the wild due to injury or abandonment.___69___. The chances are, if a zoo has nothing but cement floors and metal enclosures, the animals will not do as well. Many famous zoos now construct enclosures allowing animals freedom of movement and native vegetation. Some zoos have even begun housing species of animals together that normally interact in the wild, such as certain types of monkeys.Zoos are not a perfect solution for preservation.____70___. They are undeniably helpful in repopulating declining animal species and encouraging a preservationist outlook, but they are unquestionably primary in their treatment of some animals. Hopefully, animal activists and zoo advocates will continue to work together, finding ways to create the best environment for captive animals in breeding and repopulation efforts.67-70 CEDASeven金山区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Men and women dream about different things.B. A pe rson’s dreams and the meaning of those dreams are between the person and God alone.C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.D. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.E. Dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.F. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that (67) ___________The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (68) ___________ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (69) ___________Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern andtraditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (70) ___________ The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.67-70 EFCDEight静安区Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Keep an eye on your storage media.anization makes it easy to find your stuff later.C.Write down where you have important files.D. Would you care if this was deleted tomorrow?E.Remember something is better than nothing.F. Preserve your digital memories now, before it's too late.How to Keep Your Digital Memorials Safe?Do you value your digital stuff? Nearly everyone is creating things with computers, and some do it without any concern for its value. Others recognize its current value, but think little about what it could mean to them in the future, and either aren't aware or don't think that all of it could be destroyed tomorrow. But hard drives die all the time, and the online services into which people sink their time close with alarming regularity, taking the work of millions of people withit._________67____________.Steps1.Prepare to make a quick backup. If nothing else, get a cheap USB stickanddrag-and-drop your documents folder onto it. Worry about the other thingslater.You should do more than this, but it's most important to take the mostvaluable,irreplaceable information from your hard drive and put it on a second medium to guardagainst hard drive failure, theft or loss.2.Decide what you value. Some questions to ask yourself are:How replaceable is thisdata?How good are you at assessing the value of items? _______68__________. For things likebusiness accounts and documents, the answer is of course you would. This kind of thingshould be your first priority.3.Start making backups.__________69__________Diminishing returns(效益递减) apply in backups as they do with everything else. The cheapest and simplest backup methods take care of an overwhelming majority of likely loss-of-stuff. Over-complicating your backup strategy is the biggest trap: the more complicated and expensive you insist on making it, the less likely you are to do it.4.____________70______________If one of your backup drives fails, replace it immediately. Remember that all storage devices eventually become obsolete (陈旧的). If you have valuable files on obsolete media, those files become increasingly difficult to access with every passing year. So in order to keep your files accessible, remember to migrate your collection to new storage media periodically.5.67-70 FDEANine闵行区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.\A. In a sense, they're not really themselves.B. Rather, a person's thoughts - or at least the thoughts they type - are what really count.C. With so many unknowns, it's easy to let one's imagination "fill in the blanks".D. The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a more free way.E. However, online relationship will be damaged by this kind of image.F. But Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with.In so many ways, cyberspace(网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love.Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. ____67____ So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star.Usually, this "faceless" communication doesn't create problems. Identity doesn't really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or ho bbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests?____68____ They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably.Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn't get in the way.But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don't have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. ____69____All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. ____70____ This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person.So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: "Life in the real world is far richer than anything you'll find on a computer screen67-70 BFACTen浦东新区Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. However, my work has its challenges.B. Then a second bit of inspiration came my way.C. Distressed as I was, I resolved to pursue my interest in research.D. Besides the spiritual reward, there are other less apparent benefits.E. So I decided to leave the academic path to find a better match.F. Here, at last, was a way to combine my interest in science with my passion for teaching.Ten years ago, after 2 years as a postdoc (博士后), I found myself wondering whether I should take a different road. Up to that point, I had stuck to a pretty traditional path investigating cancer genetics, but I was losing interest in the research. At the same time, federal funding had flattened, which added to my dissatisfaction. ___67___ Then came the hard part: identifying a new career that would nurture my passion for science and allow me to make an impact with my work.As I was considering my options, I found inspiration in my first graduate school research tutor, whose work reminded me that scientists’ efforts away from the bench can be incredibly powerful. But I still didn’t know exactly what I should do. ___68___ A colleague mentioned that a professor at a nearby 2-year college was training students to produce monoclonal antibodies forlabs on campus. I was impressed that the professor had taken on this type of ambitious project with relatively inexperienced students. Curious to find out more, I set up a meeting with John and was struck by his sincerity and the way he prioritized student training above grants, publications, and personal ambition. I could also see his passion for teaching, which reminded me of the dream to become a high school biology teacher.__69___ I found a faculty position and joined John at the same quiet junior college. Now, I effectively hold two positions: classroom instructor and research co-adviser of 15 inexperienced but eager undergraduates. Both roles give me a chance to help students transform themselves, which is enormously rewarding.___70___ It’s discouraging when others see both my students and me as less worthy because we are not at universities. We sometimes struggle to get access to federal funding, scientific conferences, and other resources and opportunities. My pay is below the standard at 4-year research institutions, even though my teaching workload is greater. But my occasional frustration is relieved by the thought of the students, who I have helped train.Looking back at these 10 years, I realize how much my work on this campus has helped me grow, both as an academic and a tutor. I’m grateful that I stepped away from a traditional career path and found a way to serve both the student and research communities in my own way, modest though it may be.67—70 EBFAEleven普陀区Section C 8%Directions：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa.B.There are many reasons for world hunger.C.It takes the effort of every country to fight against world hunger.D.In those places, obesity is a far bigger problem than hunger.E.Those places need far more food than they actually get.F.By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of not having enough to eat.In 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It'sdifficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people in the world do not have enough to eat. __67__ Hunger kills more people per year than diseases such as AIDS, malaria (症疾）and TB(肺结核）combined.The UN estimates that almost two thirds of the world's hungry people are in Asia, which is of course the world's most populous continent. __68__ Although this region has a much lower population than Asia, it has the highest percentage of hungry people. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean. In the richest regions of the world there are only a tiny number of people who don't have enough to eat.__69__ They include wars, droughts, floods, and the over-use of farming land. All these factors affect food production. Many people also blame greedy businessmen for pushing up the prices of basic foods in the global market. But the most important reason, quite simply, is poverty, which has increased recently due to the financial crisis of 2008.Although many people make the obvious point that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution. In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population. There are many areas of the world in which people generally have more than enough food. __70__ The answer to world hunger, therefore, may be a balanced food distribution around the whole world. Everyone will have enough to eat, but not overeat.67-70 FABD’Twelve徐汇区Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. When children today play Angry Birds, they won't wonder why the birds are so ill-tempered.B. Hollywood is actually such a power featuring its creativity, imagination and efficiency ingiving rise to its entertainment products.C. It led the way for a number of other equally silly, equally addictive games to invade cellphones everywhere.D. Lego, by putting forward education solutions, is now striving to help kids to stand up to aproblem and solve it.。

六选四考察要求概述选句填空"（俗称"六选四"）是2017年上海高考英语试卷中启用的题型。

根据题目要求，学生需从所给的六个选项中选取四个填入文中的空格处，使文章从内容、语言、结构上都符合逻辑。

考生在备考这一部分时,需意识到以下几点：1.虽然每一小题都要求选择正确的句子填入文中，但在文中不同的地方挖空，考査的能力要求也会有所不同。

如果空格处需填入主题句，考査的是对文本或段落的概括能力，如果空格处需填入能使上下文叙述连贯的细节，考査的则是对文章基本内容的理解能力。

因此，针对不同的空格，考生需要调整自己的思维方式，选择合适的策略；2.虽然本部分属于阅读理解这一大题，同样也考查考生的阅读理解能力，但是要注意这一题型与阅读选择题的差异。

选择题通过题干告诉考生考点在哪里，考査目标是什么，考生就可以据此选择合适的策略来答题，而"选句填空"则要求考生在理解文章内容和行文逻辑的基础上，自行判断空格处需填入句子的功能，再进一步选择合适的策略来答题。

基于以上分析，建议考生在完成"选句填空"这一部分时，可以采用以下步骤：1.通读全文，对文章内容有整体理解，包括文章的主题、写作的目的、毎一段的大意等; 2.阅读空格所在段落，尤其是空格前后句，判断空格处需填入句子的功能，并根据据后句的内容基本确定需填入句子的内容；3.阅读所给的六个句子，从中选择符合文章内容及行文逻辑的句子；4.通读填入句子后的文章，再次确认文章内容、语言、结构上是否符合逻辑。

二、六选四做题技巧指导1. 1.利用句子中心实词解题句子中心实词是指在一个句子表达中需要占据句子主干或者中心意思的一类实词。

和代词一样，当一个句子中出现了表达某一特点概念的中心实词时，该句上下文就应该围绕这样的中心来展开，也就是说正确选项中不能呈现上下文没有交代的一个中心实词，因此我们可以利用这一现象来帮助我们找到正常选项或者排除错误选项。

2017年上海市高考英语试卷第二部分：阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1. Attending college can be expensive, and applying to college can be costly as well．With today’s college application fees averaging around $80, you can expect to spend hundreds of dollars on college before you are even accepted into a school．One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools． To save money, try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2﹣3 reach schools and 2﹣3 safety schools．At some schools, being a relative of a graduate can secure you a free application． If you are applying to a school where one of your parents or grandparents is a former graduate, check to see if you’ re qualified for it．Research the preferred method of applying for each school on your list． Some schools offer free online applications, yet charge a fee for paper submissions． This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information．Several states, such as Michigan and North Carolina, take part in College Application Week, where many schools in the participating states cancel their application fee for the week． Be sure to contact the schools to I j which you are applying to see if they participate in College Application Week and when the program takes place in that state．Apply for early admission． If you have already decided on which college is your top choice, consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program． If you are accepted, you won’t have to submit application fees to other schools．For more information regarding college applications and the fees associated with them, contact your high I school advisor or the admissions department at your school（s）of interest．（1）． The passage is mainly written to________．A. introduce famous universities in the United StalesB. show some practical ways to apply an ideal collegeC. advertise for successful applications and advisorsD. offer tips to save money on college application fees．（2）． What does the author advise to do in the second paragraph？________A. Write down your favorite universities．B. Reduce the number of your university choices．C. Apply to two universities each time．D. Mind your safety when applying to college．．（3）． Some schools offer free online application to________．A. receive fees faster than beforeB. employ someone else to workC. cut down the cost of employmentD. enter the application information．（4）． It can be known from the passage that________．A. application fee might be canceled conditionallyB. many countries attend College Application WeekC. applying for early admission is the best policyD. admission departments determine your future．【答案】DBCA【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文旨在介绍一些节省申请大学的相关费用的办法，比如缩小你的学校的选择范围、搜索一些免费的学校项目等．【解答】（1） D．写作意图题．本文旨在介绍一些方法节省申请大学的相关费用，比如缩小你的学校的选择范围、搜索一些免费的学校项目等．故选D．（2） B．细节理解题．从该段的One of the easiest ways to save money on college application fees before you begin applying is to narrow down your list of schools． To save money， try to limit the schools to which you apply to about 2﹣3 reach schools and 2﹣3 safety schools．可知该段落讲述了为了节约经济，在申请大学的时候，应该精减你的学校选择范围．结合选项，故选B．（3） C．细节理解题．从第4段This is because online applications save schools the cost of employing a staff member to physically enter the application information可知一些学校在网络上提供免费的申请服务是为了减少雇佣相关工作人员时可能会产生的费用．结合选项，故选C．（4） A．推理判断题．综合文中相关信息Apply for early admission． If you have already decided on which college is your top choice， consider applying under an Early Action or Early Decision admission program． If you are accepted，you won’t have to submit application fees to other schools．可知，申报费用“在某些条件”是不用交的，故选A．2. Every year, some 6.9 million children under the age of five die from diseases like malaria, pneumonia and HIV． The untold story of child survival is that the global community now has the combined knowledge, technical know﹣how and affordable tools to end such child deaths． Evidence shows that it is possible to decrease under﹣five death rates in developing countries to levels approaching ________ in wealthier countries．That is why 4 years ago ﹣ June, 2012 ﹣ the US, Ethiopia and India joined the United Nations Children’s Fund （or UNICEF） to launch Child Survival Call to Action, a global effort to save children’s lives． The goal was to lower child death rates in the hardest﹣hit countries to 20 deaths per 1, 000 live births by the year 2035．Zambia started a plan focused on nutrition and immunization （免疫） that will save more than 26, 000 children each year． Congo is distributing pre﹣packaged supplies to prevent and treat the most common killers． They hope to save the lives of half a million children by 2017． Similar efforts are taking place in Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Yemen, and elsewhere．Child Survival partner companies are also developing life﹣saving vaccines （疫苗） and treatment for diarrhea． Private enterprisers and medical professionals are training and equipping health workers in 54 countries with life﹣saving tools． Still others are developing and delivering safe water treatment and storage products．“This high﹣level forum inspired a global movement ﹣ Committing to Child Survival: A Promise Renewed, ” wrote UNICEF Executive Director Anthony Lake．“Four years passing, it continues to build and, today, 174 countries and over 400 civil society and faith ﹣based organizations have taken up the charge in their own commitments． While we still have a long way to go, the first 4 years have seen impressive gains．”（1）． The unde rlined word “those” in Paragraph 1 refers to________．A. 6.9 million under﹣five childrenB. affordable tools to end child deathC. deaths in the developing countriesD. death rates of children under five．（2）． Child Survival Call To Action was founded to________．A. improve the living conditions for poor childrenB. decrease under﹣five death rates in some countriesC. raise some money to save children’s livesD. save children in the poorest countries．（3）． What can be inferred from the passage？________A. All diseases can be prevented or treated．B. Governments and partners joined the initial effort．C. Nutrition holds the key to lower the death rates．D. Only governments made their best to reduce the deaths．．（4）． How does Anthony Lake feel towards Child Survival Call to Action？________A. Time﹣consuming．B. Wasteful．C. Positive．D. Cold．【答案】DBBC【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文主要讲述了世界儿童低龄死亡率的事实，Child Survival Call To Action 这个组织成立的目的在于减少一些国家5岁以下儿童的死亡率，并在它的工作中已取得了初步的进展．【解答】（1） D．文章结构题．根据该段第Evidence shows that it is possible to decrease under﹣five death rates in developing countries to levels approaching those in wealthier countries．可知证明表明比起发达国家，在发展中国家更有可能减少5岁以下的孩子的死亡率．结合选项，故选D．（2） B．细节理解题．从第2段The goal was to lower child death rates in the hardest﹣hit countries…可知Child Survival Call To Action 这个组织成立的目的在于减少一些国家5岁以下儿童的死亡率．结合选项，故选B．（3） B．推理判断题．从第3段Zambia started a plan focused on nutrition and immunization （免疫） that will save more than 26，000 children each year． Congo is distributing pre﹣packaged supplies to prevent and treat the most common killers．Zambia，Congo两国应对低龄儿童的死亡率所采取的措施以及第4段中partner companies，Private enterprisers 等的相关行动可知这个活动受到了很多方面的支持，结合选项，故选B．（4） C．观点态度题．从最后一段Lake的话While we still have a long way to go， the first 4 years have seen impressive gains可知Lake认为这个组织以后还会有更长远的发展，同时这几年也已经有了很大的成效．由此推断他对该组织是持支持态度的．结合选项，故选C．3. How you feel and react to your environment on a day﹣to﹣day basis can be measured by your behavior, thoughts, and emotions． Your personality gives you away!There are four fundamental characteristics of personality． First, it is constant and people tend to behave in the same way when they meet similar situations． Second, personalitynot only influences actions, but it also actually causes people to behave in specific ways． Third, personality is influenced by both psychological and biologicalfactors． Finally, personality is expressed not only in behaviors, but throughemotions, thoughts, social behavior, and close relationships．How the world distinguishes you is a direct reflection of and reaction to how you present yourself to them． Race, age, and sex are qualities you have no control over, but certainly contribute to your personality because of how the world senses you based on them． A person who continuously experiences racial discrimination may guard himself against it by at first seeming cold and unfriendly． But once he opens up, you may discover someone completely different inside．Physical ones, which you develop over time, also contribute to your personality, and include walking pace, eye contact, and facial expressions． How you want the world to see you influences how you present yourself to others． Characteristics such asaltitude, response and general mindset create the surface of your one﹣of﹣a﹣kind personality．If you’re like many people, the aspects of your personality you choose to show might depend on the people you meet． For instance, the personality you exhibit around your boss is probably a lot different from the personality you show to your closest friends． All of these elements make up the “you” that only you truly know． And only you can decidewhen to share these parts of your personality with other colleagues．（1）． What does the passage mainly talk about？________A. Some aspects of personality．B. Ways to develop personality．C. What contributes to personality．D. Why personality is important．．（2）． It can be known from Paragraph 2 that________．A. one’s personality is merely determined by birthB. personality consists of behavior， thoughts and relationshipsC. personality has nothing to do with one’s career lifeD. the environment and the situation influence one’s personality．（3）． The intended readers for the passage are probably________．A. receptionistsB. studentsC. office clerksD. police officers．【答案】ADC【考点】阅读理解综合完形综合【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了日常生活中你对环境的感受和反应可以用你的行为、思想和情绪来衡量．【解答】（1） A 主旨大意题．通读全文可知作者通过本文主要介绍了“个性”的一些基本特征及属性，故选A．（2） D 推理判断题．根据第二段 Third， personality is influenced by both psychological and biological factors． Finally， personality is expressed not only in behaviors， but through emotions， thoughts， social behavior， and close relationships．可知人格不仅表现在行为，而是通过情感、思想、社会行为，以及亲密关系，即环境及局势影响个性，故选D．（3） C 推理判断题．根据最后一段For instance， the personality you exhibit around your boss is probably a lot different from the personality you show to your closest friends．可知本文是写给办公室职员的，故选 C．4. For many, Daylight Saving Time （DST: 夏令时） simply means remembering to change the clocks and twisting your sleep schedule．“Even though the time change is only an hour, it is something that causes much more destruction than people believe, ” said Dr． John Sharp, a psychologist and psychiatrist at Beth﹣Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston．“It’s not just an extra hour of sleep;it’s more of a fast﹣forward into winter．” With days getting darker earlier, Sharp suggests making a to﹣do list for activities after work ahead of time．“Any plans you have, say, going to the gym after work, require much more effort and determination．It’s much better to plan more carefully and not just rely on how you feel, especially when it is dark out, ” he said．“Figure it out in advance and stick with the plan．”In addition． Sharp says in the weeks after Daylight Saving, some may feel like they have a bigger appetite．“Eating more during this time is not the answer． People need to stay on an eating schedule and keep up healthy habits．”However, Sharp said there are ways to better ________ yourself to the time change． If you are having trouble sleeping, he suggests taking some melatonin （退黑激素） in the evening． In contrast, if you find yourself feeling sleepy． Sharp said there is nothing wrong with adding an extra caffeinated drink during your day．A word to the wise? One sure way to better adjust to the time change is to start going to bed 15 minutes earlier starting four days before Daylight Saving, adding an additional15minutes each night．（1）． Which is probably the best title for the passage？________A. Are you prepared for DST？B. Why DST was introduced？C. What DST has brought to life？D. How DST has been popular？．（2）． What does John Sharp suggest in Paragraph 2？________A. Getting up earlier than before．B. Sticking to the daily routine．C. Being aware of quality sleep．D. Getting well﹣prepared for DST．．（3）．The underlined word “acclimate” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by________．A. adoptB. accelerateC. adaptD. acknowledge．（4）． The passage is probably taken from________．A. a scientific reportB. an interviewC. a speechD. a statement．【答案】ADCB【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了夏令时给人们带来的影响【解答】（1） A．主旨大意题．文章For many， Daylight Saving Time （DST：夏令时） simply means remembering to change the clocks and twisting your sleep schedule主要分析夏令时给人们带来的影响，故选A．（2） D．细节理解题．从该段Figure it out in advance and stick with the plan可知约翰•夏普在第2段中建议为DST做好充分准备．（3） C．词义猜测题．根据前后文的表述However， Sharp said there are ways to better acclimate yourself to the time change可知其意为：适应．（4） B．推理判断题．文中It’s not just an extra hour of sleep；it’s more of a fast﹣forward into winter大量的引用了Sharp的话语，由此可知可能出自“访谈”．第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．Some Ways to Avoid Getting SickNobody enjoys being sick but even the best of us can fall sick． Changes in the environment，such as the quality of the air we breathe， can lead to development of certain illnesses like allergies or cancer，when the body’s own immune system works against it．（8）____________________________（8）_____________________． Eat Healthily． First of all， stick to a healthy diet． Even if you eat less， it is of great help not to skip meals． Bread with butter/jam， an egg ormilk at breakfast， or fruits or fruit juice would be good for breakfast．（6）______________ Dinner ideally should consist of soup and vegetables or non﹣vegetarian fare． Reward yourself with some cookies， even chocolates during the day or at tea﹣time．（8）______________．（5）_______ Exercising is vital．You don’t have to be a fitness freak． Performing some household chores or shopping or even climbing stairs instead of taking the lift helps to bum off calories． Exercises at the beginning of the day will help more and tone up the body． The heavy﹣eaters have to exercise more， and vigorously．（6）_______． Say no to cigarette smoking．It’s been medically proved ﹣ cigarette smoking does cause cancer， but sadly people get addicted．（7）_______ If people around you can suffer from secondary smoking， how much are you hurting yourself？Cigar﹣smoking is recommended for those who love to light up．（8）_______． Cheers for the good news! We all like the cup that cheers． Poets have written poems to alcohol， songsters are great fans and everyone raises a toast now and then．（9）_______ If you love lo drink， consult your physician and work out what and how much suits you best．A． Doing exercise is a must．B． Have a scheduled daily routine．C． The next time you want to reach out for that cigarette packet， think again．D． We can try， however， to maintain good health by picking up a few healthy habits．E． Lunch can be light， perhaps vegetable/cheese ﹣ chicken and steaks are available for the non﹣pork eaters．F． But too much of alcohol or wine is sure to bum up something inside you，which won’t be calories but a certain organ of the body．G． A peaceful walk can also help you to relax as you are bathed in the sunshine ﹣ oxygen and vitamin D ﹣ while you bum up calories in a favorite manner．【答案】D,E,A,C,F【考点】说明文七选五【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了有些避免生病的方法没有人喜欢生病，但即使是我们中最好的人也会生病【解答】（1）D．推理判断题．根据文章Changes in the environment， such as the quality of the air we breathe， can lead to development of certain illnesses like allergies or cancer， whenthe body’s own immune system works against it如我们呼吸的空气质量，会导致某些疾病的发展，如过敏或癌症，当身体自身的免疫系统对它起作用时；可知我们可以尝试通过养成一些健康的习惯来保持健康；故选D．（2）E．推理判断题．根据文章Dinner ideally should consist of soup and vegetables or non﹣vegetarian fare晚餐最好包括汤和蔬菜或非素食的食物；可知午餐可以是清淡的，也许蔬菜/奶酪﹣鸡肉和牛排可供非猪肉吃者；故选E．（3）A．推理判断题．根据文章Exercising is vital．You don’t have to be a fitness freak锻炼是至关重要的．你不需要成为一个健身狂；可知做运动是必须的；故选A．（4）C．推理判断题．根据文章It’s been medically proved ﹣ cigarette smoking does cause cancer， but sadly people get addicted吸烟确实会导致癌症，但不幸的是，人们会上瘾；可知下一次你想去拿那包烟时，再想一想；故选C．（5）G．推理判断题．根据文章If you love lo drink， consult your physician and workout what and how much suits you best如果你喜欢喝饮料，请咨询你的医生，找出什么最适合你，有多少最适合你；可知当你沐浴在阳光下﹣﹣氧气和维生素D﹣﹣的时候，平静的散步也能帮助你放松，而你却以一种最喜欢的方式消耗卡路里；故选G．第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第一节完形填空（每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．When I was four, I lost my sight by falling off a box car and landing on my head．Now I’m thirty﹣two． I can （1）_______ remember the brightness of sunshine and what color red is．It’d be wonderful to see again, but a （2）_______ can do strange things to people．It （3）_______ me the other day that I mightn’t have come to love life as I do now if I hadn’t been （4）_______． The loss of my eyes made me （5）_______ the more what I had left．It took me years to discover and strengthen this （6）_______． It had to start with the most （7）_______ things． Once a man gave me an indoor （8）_______ “I can’t use this, ” I was h urt, thinking he’s （9）_______ me．“Take it with you,” he urged me,“and roll it around．” The words （10）_______ in my head． By rolling the ball I could（11）_______ where it went． This gave me an idea（12）_______ to achieve the goal I had thought（13）_______: playing baseball． Later, at Philadelphia’s Overbrook School forthe Blind, I（14）_______ a successful variation （变体） of baseball． We called it ground ball．Life asks a continuous series of（15）_______ to reality ﹣ I believe it! The more（16）_______ y ou’re able to make them, the more peaceful your private world becomes． The adjustment is never easy． I was once （17）_______ and afraid, knowing nowhere to go． But I was（18）_______． My parents and teachers saw something in me a potentialto live．The hardest（19）_______ I had to learn was to believe in myself． Had I not donethat, I’d have（20）_______ and become a chair rocker for the rest of my life．I’d fail sometimes anyway but on average I made progress．（1）A.totallyB.vaguelyC.basicallyD.hopefully（2）A.crashedyC.disasterD.story（3）A.appealed toB.happened toC.referred toD.occurred to（4）A.blindB.affectedmeD.attacked（5）A.regardB.measureC.appreciateD.praise（6）A.theoryB.principleC.ruleD.belief（7）A.fundamentalB.wonderfulC.interestingD.creative（8）A.box carB.baseballC.ground ballD.softball（9）A.consultingB.encouragingC.scoldingD.teasing（10）A.stuckB.droppedC.fadedD.died（11）A.noticeB.feelC.hearD.smell（12）A.whenB.howC.whetherD.where（13）A.realisticB.reasonableC.impossibleD.potential（14）A.experimentedB.inventedC.promotedD.bought（15）A.trialsB.effortsC.adjustmentsments（16）A.readilyfortablyC.preciselyD.differently（17）A.delightedB.inspiredC.frightenedD.puzzled（18）A.shockedB.luckyC.unwillingD.disappointed（19）A.lectureB.messageC.textD.lesson（20）A.broken downB.taken offC.pulled throughD.stood out【答案】BCDACDABDACBCBCADBDA【考点】阅读理解综合完形综合【解析】作者从小因一次事故双目失明，但并没有对生活灰心丧气，在老师和父母的帮助下勇敢面对人生，相信自己有能力战胜生活中的挑战，取得不断的进步的故事．【解答】（1） B．副词辨析．“我今年32岁，只能模模糊糊地记得阳光的明亮和红色是什么样的．”从前面的lost my sight及后文“要是能重见光明，当然很好”可知．故选B．（2） C．名词辨析．“可是一次灾难也能给人带来奇妙的东西．”此处disaster指作者摔落失明一事．故选C．（3） D．短语辨析．"有一天我突然想到，It occurs/ occurred to sb． that﹣clause：某人突然想起……，A．呼吁，B．碰巧，C．参考，D．想起，故选D．（4）A．短语辨析．如果不是失明的话，我就不可能像现在这样热爱生活了．故选A．（5） C．动词辨析．"失明让我更加感激我所拥有的一切． A．祝愿，B．测量，C．感激，D．赞扬，故选C．（6） D．名词辨析．“我用了许多年才悟出并固化了这个信念．”belief指前面的“感激自己所拥有的一切”．故选D．（7） A．形容词辨析．“这得从最平常不过的一件事说起．”fundamental：基本的，基础的，构成基础的，故选A．（8） B．名词辨析．从后文的a successful variation of baseball可知．故选B．（9） D．动词辨析．"我很受伤，以为他在嘲笑我．A．咨询，B．鼓励，C．责备，D．嘲笑，故选D．（10） A．动词辨析．“这些话深深地印在我的脑海里．”stick in one’s head：印在脑子里，留下深刻印象，故选A．（11） C．动词辨析．“通过滚动棒球，我能听出它往哪儿去．”作者已失明，所以最有可能是“听”．故选C．（12） B．引导词辨析．“这让我想通了怎样去实现自己之前认为不可能的目标：打棒球．” ，故选B．（13） C．形容词辨析．作者是个盲人，因此打棒球对之前的他来说是不可能的，A．现实的，B．理智的，C．不可能的，D．有潜力的，故选C．（14） B．动词辨析．“后来在Overbrook盲人学校，我发明了一个棒球的变体﹣滚地球．” ，故选B．（15） C．名词辨析．“我认为，生活需要一系列的调整来实现．”根据后文的The adjustment is never easy可知．A．实验，B．努力，C调整，D．评论，故选C．（16） A．副词辨析．“越是乐意做出改变，你的世界就变得越平静．”readily：乐意地，欣然地；容易地，故选A．（17） D．动词辨析．“我曾经茫然、畏惧过，不知道该往哪里去．”从knowing nowhere to go可知为“困惑、茫然”．A．高兴的，B受启发的，C．害怕的，D，困惑的，故选D．（18） B．动词辨析．“然而，我是幸运的．父母和老师在我身上发现了：生长的潜质．” 故选B．（19） D．名词辨析．“对我来说，最难的一课是相信自己．” 故选D．（20） A．短语辨析．"当时要是没有做到这一点（相信自己），我可能就完了，后半辈子就只是个摇椅人了（意为：只能靠轮椅生活了）．A．崩溃，垮掉，B．带走，C．度过难关，D．脱颖而出，故选A．第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节）第二节（满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置．In southern Portugal， scientists from the University of Edinburgh have recently found some fossil （化石） remains of a（60）________ （previous） unknown species （物种）of a crocodile﹣like “super salamander ”．The species could grow up to six feet in （62）________ （long）． It lived in lakes and rivers． It was part of a wider group of primitive amphibians （两栖动物）（63）________ were widespread at the time but died out in the end． They are the ancestors of modem amphibians such as frogs． They are believed by scientists（64）________（live）at the same time the dinosaurs began their rule．Steve Brusatte led the study． He said the new species had （65）________（hundred）of sharp teeth．It looks somehow “strange” （66）________（compare） to anything today．Feeding mainly（67）________fish， it was at the top of the food chain．But it’s also（68）________danger for newly appeared dinosaurs and mammals that moved too near the water．The team says the finding confirms that this group of amphibians lived in a（69）________（diverse） geographic area than had been thought．The dig began in 2009 and took several years．The “super salamander” bones （70）________（discover） in a half﹣meter thick layer of rock in a hillside． The team hopes to raise funds to continue exploring the site．【答案】previously,length,that/which,to have lived,hundreds,compared,on,a,more diverse,were discovered【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】在葡萄牙南部，来自爱丁堡大学的科学家最近发现了一些以前不为人知的鳄鱼的化石，这一物种可以长到六英尺长，它生活在湖泊和河流中，这是一群原始两栖动物的一部分，在当时普遍存在，但最终灭绝了，它们是现代两栖动物的祖先，如青蛙，他们被科学家们所认为的生活在恐龙统治时期的时代．史蒂夫•布鲁萨特领导了这项研究，它主要以鱼类为食．研究小组说，这一发现证实了这群两栖动物生活在一个比想象中更多样化的地理区域．这次挖掘始于2009年，历时数年，在山坡上一块半米厚的岩石中发现了“超级火蜥蜴”（super salamander\）的骨头，该团队希望筹集资金继续探索该遗址．【解答】（61） previously，考查副词，修饰形容词用副词．（62）length，考查名词，介词后跟名词作宾语，构成短语in length，表示“在长度上”．（63） that/which，考查定语从句，先行词为primitive amphibians，在从句中作主语，用which或that引导定语从句．（64） to have lived，考查不定式的完成时态，be believed to have done被认为已经做过．（65） hundreds，考查固定搭配，hundreds of数百个．（66） compared，考查固定搭配，compared to/with与…比起来，作比较状语．（67） on，考查固定搭配，feed on“以…为主食”．（68） a，考查冠词，表示一种、一个，用不定冠词泛指．（69） more diverse，考查形容词比较级，后面有 than，所以用比较级．（70） were discovered，考查被动语态，主语bones和discover之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态．第四部分：写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改短文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共存10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．Organic foods are usually more expensive， makes people unwilling to spend the extra money． Besides， they do have certain advantages． To begin with，farmers doesn’t useharmful chemicals on organically grown foods． As matter of fact， this is one of the reasons that organic foods are more expensive． Without such chemicals， they need more care to stay health． Organically grown foods also had more nutrition than regular ones because the soil is careful done in a higher standard． According to study， organically grown foods provide with 21.1 percent more irons and 27 percent more vitamin C than regular ones on the average．【答案】Organic foods are usually more expensive，makes people unwilling to spend the extra money．Besides， they do have certain advantages． To begin with， farmers doesn’t use harmful chemicals on organically grown foods． As ∧ matter of fact， this is one of the reasons that organic foods are more expensive． Without such chemicals， they need more care to stay health． Organically grown foods also had more nutrition than regular ones because the soil is careful done in a higher standard． According to study， organically grown foods provide with 21.1 percent more irons and 27 percent more vitamin C than regular ones on the average．（1） makes改为making．考查非谓语动词．此处用现在分词作状语表示结果．（2） Besides改为However/Yet/Still．考查副词及语境．结合语境可知此处表示转折关系．（3）doesn’t改为don’t．考查主谓一致．主语是famers为复数形式，因此要用don’t．（4） As后面加a．考查冠词以及固定短语．as a matter of fact意思是事实上，实际上．（5） health改为healthy．考查形容词．此处stay为系动词，要用形容词作表语，stay healthy意思是“保持健康”．（6） that改为why．考查名词性从句引导词．通过分析可知，此处是一个同位语从句，结合语境可知，从句缺少原因状语，因此要用why，that在引导同位语从句时不充当成分且无实意．（7） had改为have．考查时态．结合全文可知这里说的是一般情况，因此用一般现在时．（8） careful改为carefully．考查副词．此处用副词形式修饰is done．（9）去掉with．考查介词．此处provide是一个及物动词，此处表示提供21.1%的铁．（10）irons改为iron．考查名词单复数．此处iron为不可数名词，因此不能用irons．【考点】记叙文短文改错【解析】文章大意：本文主要讲了有机食品通常更贵，人们不愿花额外的钱，然而，它们的确有一些优势．首先，农民不会使用有害的化学物质，这是有机食物很贵的原因之一，另外，有机食物要比一般的食物更有营养．【解答】Organic foods are usually more expensive，makes people unwilling to spend the extra money．Besides， they do have certain advantages． To begin with， farmers doesn’t use harmful chemicals on organically grown foods． As ∧ matter of fact， this is one of the reasons that organic foods are more expensive． Without such chemicals， they need more care to stay health． Organically grown foods also had more nutrition than regular ones because the soil is careful done in a higher standard． According to study， organically grown foods provide with 21.1 percent more irons and 27 percent more vitamin C than regular ones on the average．（1） makes改为making．考查非谓语动词．此处用现在分词作状语表示结果．（2） Besides改为However/Yet/Still．考查副词及语境．结合语境可知此处表示转折关系．（3）doesn’t改为don’t．考查主谓一致．主语是famers为复数形式，因此要用don’t．（4） As后面加a．考查冠词以及固定短语．as a matter of fact意思是事实上，实际上．（5） health改为healthy．考查形容词．此处stay为系动词，要用形容词作表语，stay healthy意思是“保持健康”．（6） that改为why．考查名词性从句引导词．通过分析可知，此处是一个同位语从句，结合语境可知，从句缺少原因状语，因此要用why，that在引导同位语从句时不充当成分且无实意．（7） had改为have．考查时态．结合全文可知这里说的是一般情况，因此用一般现在时．（8） careful改为carefully．考查副词．此处用副词形式修饰is done．（9）去掉with．考查介词．此处provide是一个及物动词，此处表示提供21.1%的铁．（10）irons改为iron．考查名词单复数．此处iron为不可数名词，因此不能用irons．第二节书面表达（满分25分）共享单车（bike﹣sharing）在中国发展迅猛，为出行带来了便利，有效缓解了交通压力．但近来共享单车任意弃放、随意毁坏、人为上锁‘窃为己有’ 等现象令人忧心．某英文报社现以How to deal with the problems in bike﹣sharing为题征稿．请你与一篇文章谈谈这一现象，分析其原因并提出一些解决办法．注意： 1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．________________________________________【答案】How to deal with the problems in bike﹣sharing ,Bike﹣sharingisflourishinginChina，butasithasgrownproblemshavearisenManypeoplejustleavethebikesanywhere，withoutgivingathoughttowhethertheyarecausinganobstructionSomeofthebikesarelockedbyse lfishuserssootherscannotusethem,Mostoftheproblemsarebecausethemarkethasexpandedsor apidlyConsequently，therehasnotbeentimetoaddresstheissueswhentheyemergeandbeforetheybecomeaproblem,T o solve the problems requires the cooperation of all those involved． Local governments need to establish areas where the bicycles can be left and ensure bicycle lanes are properly used． The companies concerned need to review and strengthen their user rules， whilethe users need to better learn these rules． ,Bike﹣sharingisaconvenientandgreenmeansofurbantransport，andwehopeitwillbesuccessfulwithoutnegativesideeffects【考点】提纲类【解析】这是讨论共享单车的一篇作文．根据题目要求可知用第一人称和一般现在时态．内容包括：（1）列举共享单车令人忧心的现象；（2）分析乱象背后的原因；（3）解决乱象的方法；（4）表达希望．高分句型（1）Many people just leave the bikes anywhere， without giving a thought to whetherthey are causing an obstruction．句子里 leave 表示“留下”；giving a thought 表示“思考，想一想”；causing an obstruction表示“造成障碍”．。

2017届上海英语高考新题型----六选四专题练习（五）A three-year action plan (2014-2016) clearly identified major goals and priorities in green building development. ___________________________________________. Since 2014, all new buildings in Shanghai have to meet relevant green standards.As the supply of new construction land in the city is now subject to strict controls, urban renovation will likely provide a major driving force to green development.Meanwhile, ____________________________________________________, future buildings will become more “people-centric,” and people will pay more attention to green standards, say experts.In a presentation titled “LEED for Cities —New Platform toward Green and Smart City,” Nellie Cheng explained how LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) can help develop more sustainable, healthy buildings and communities by benchmarking how they are planned, developed and measured against global standards.In his presentation, Hasan A. Syed, principal and design director of Gensler, observed that people are frequently disconnected from their natural surroundings. _______________________________________.Syed identified four trends driving future urban design: Communities as ecosystems, urban connection to nature, modernization and preservation, and technological innovation.He pointed out that _________________________________________________.In Shanghai, the traditional lilong (lane houses) have been particularly affected. Hence the need for a new development model to retain traditional spaces and foster（促进）new aspirations. He explained how some of these aspirations are expressed in projects he’s been involved with, such as the Pujiang International Center and the Shanghai Tower.In designing the Shanghai Tower, for instance, it was found that a 120 degree spiral provided the optimal rotation and minimized wind loads by 24 percent, resulting in a lighter structure that saved US$58 million in structural material costs.A:it is critical to seek new sustainable models that preserve our cultural heritageas well as economic prosperity.B：the typical urbanization pattern in China has been to wipe an area clean and start over with new buildings whose scale and character ignore the local contextC:chinese buildings featured their height, construction, design in the worldD:clear standards have also been drawn up regarding the assessment of energy-saving efficiency in buildings.E: given rising standards of living and the demand for higher quality of lifeF: the plan is intended to standardize the building constructions in China including the high restriction on height , color, usage and so onD E A BSEVERE smog continued to shroud many parts of China, disrupting life in dozens of cities.The education bureau in Zhengzhou, capital of central China’s Henan Province, ordered all primary schools to cancel classes for the next two days.Northeast China’s Liaoning Province saw its most severe smog in seven years, with poor _____1____ closing 18 expressways.Tianjin airport _____2____ services between 8:30pm on Sunday and 10am yesterday, leaving 131 flights canceled and 75 delayed. Meanwhile, all expressways in the northern city were closed. Tianjin authorities increased public transport______3_____ by 15 percent to accommodate passengers, as cars have been ordered to run on alternate days for five days until midnight tomorrow.Beijing also increased its public transport and ________4______ the same odd-even number plate rule.In the eastern province of Shandong, more than 100 toll gates on four expressways were closed and some flights at the provincial capital’s airport were ______5______ by more than two hours.The smog that began to envelop Beijing, Tianjin and the provinces of Hebei, Henan and Shandong over the weekend is forecast to clear on Thursday. Over 20 cities have issued red alerts for smog.Yesterday, PM2.5 _____6_______ in many cities in northern China exceeded 500 micrograms per cubic meter. The reading at one station in Shijiazhuang, Hebei’scapital, exceeded 1,000 mgs.Meanwhile, a(n)_______7_______ by Beijing and Shanghai to classify smog as a natural disaster has sparked a backlash from meteorologists and other scientists.China’s Meteorological Law and Meteorological Disaster Prevention Law includes typhoons, torrential rain and hailstorms on the natural disaster list, but not smog.Wang Zifa of the institute of atmospheric physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said smog ____8_____ caused by human activity, it cannot be considered a natural disaster. If it were, authorities would not have to take ________9______ responsibility for it.Lu Zhongmei, deputy director of the social and legal affairs committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, ______10______ why smog should be listed as a meteorological disaster, when acid rain is not.。

绝密★启用前2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

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第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious.C. It is old-fashioned.D. It is disappointing.2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th.3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer.4. A. In a theatre. B. In a library. C. In a booking office. D. In a furniture store.5. A. She expected to a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.C. She wasn’t interested in the show.D. She didn’t get a favourable seat.6. A. The woman often eats out for breakfast. B. The cafeteria serves good breakfast.C. The woman doesn’t have breakfast.D. The cafeteria doesn’t serve breakfast.7. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes.8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day. B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.C. A vehicle is polluting the air.D. The man is reading a report online.10. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its special effects are not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the scary part. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possibleanswers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. $1. B. $2 C. $3 D. $ 52.12. A. Pay the bills first.B. Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.C. Deposit $1000 every month.D. Put part of the money in a savings account.13. A. Methods of saving money.B. Saving money for family emergencies.C. The importance of saving money.D. Secrets of spending money wisely.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Free education.B. A sum of money.C. Donations from a local newspaper.D. Gifts from many people.15. A. Let students in before school.B. Offer ice cream and coffee.C. Introduce a bank into the campus.D. Reduce the traffic jams around.16. A. It lacks positive news.B. It should grow into a big city.C. It is a place worth living in.D. It remains peaceful and quiet.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Class Diary (June 13-19)Blank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.【答案】1.D2. B3.A4.B5.D6.C7.B8.C9.C 10.A11.C 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.C17.Deadline 18. photos 19.stadium 20. Lunch21.a(famous) judge 22.Asking for help23.Having a voice 24.Sharing (with others)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Bags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were always suddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and headout every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —why would she not want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she d idn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.【答案】25. Wondering 26. what 27. which 28. had done29. buying 30. Before 31. from 32. how【解析】试题分析：本文属于记叙文，我在无意中发现妈妈偷偷地帮助难民，赞美了妈妈善良无私的美丽品质。

2017届上海英语⾼考新题型四2017届上海英语⾼考新题型----六选四专题练习（四）JAYESH Patel stretched and smiled. He quoted Mother Teresa, “Not all of us can do great things. But we can do small things with great love.”Growing up, Jayesh Patel was nicknamed “toilet boy.” Since his father dedicated his life to improving sanitation, young Patel was assigned to cleaning public toilets everyday after school. Now Patel, 48, is an environmental advocate who has built over five hundred thousand toilets in Gujarat, India. I met him when visiting his sanitation institute.“________________________________________________. Through this, we create desire, stress, and misery,” said Patel. “But if we focus on the power of small, what we can do in this very moment, impact will naturally emerge if that’s what is needed in the world.”His philosophy is------_____________________________ The solution to big issues (like sanitation) begins with consistently completing small acts.In his own view, he does not necessarily need to change his entire urban lifestyle to live a better life —however, he consciously performs positive, daily actions and detaches himself from material desires.“I still eat at Pizza Hut and I turn on the air conditioner on a hot day. But I can also do without it,” said Patel. “One day my friend offered me to stay at a five-star hotel. The next day I slept on the streets and watched the night sky and stars.________________________”In modern life, children often grow up being told to “think big.”____________________________________________. In struggling to apply for colleges, to find profitable jobs, and ultimately a “better” life, students often forget the process — the small and consistent action steps that need to be taken.A: it was the same to me.B: we do ignore the small things that instead of understanding the reason why we do them.C: students are constantly taught to dream of future careers and how they can make a difference in theworld.D: small, everyday actions have the most impact.E: different places made me understand the large gap between the rich and the poor and I told myself tonarrow it.F: many times we get caught up with visible impact and we want to see results.FDACA recent survey puts Shanghai teens atop a global list of students doing the most homework .The survey said that according to a study by a European agency, middle school students in Shanghai spend an ___________of 13.8 hours per week on their homework, ____________ them first among the 65 countries and regions surveyed.As the father of a 12-year-old, I could not agree more, though I could only imagine the kind of joy my son would_____________ if he needs to put in a mere 13.8 hours a week on his homework.Take last Thursday as an example. My son had dedicated the whole evening after supper at 6 to his homework. He complained of fatigue several times during his engagement, and exclaimed with _____________ relief well after 10pm.Unusual for him, while tackling his homework he insisted that both I and his mother peruse(研读) his composition. His piece was penalized only four points out of a total of 40 points — one of the best ___________ in the class. Some poorer writers, we were told, were required to rewrite the article. The next morning, when I went to wake him up at 6:40, I asked solicitously（关切地）if he was short of sleep. I said he could make it up that evening. I could promise this because it was Friday. To my surprise, he replied he had never slept better, for no sooner had he ____________ his head on his pillow than he fell into a deep sleep.After supper that evening, he declared to me, “In our times, the IQ of us children are way too high, particularly for the girls.”The academic excellence of local students had been widely cited lately, often in light of national pride and power. But when local __________ talk glowingly of how Shanghai students _____________ themselves in international primary or middle school mathematics contests, they never felt compelled to ___________on the costs of gaining this distinction.Childhood years are generally associated with carefree simplicity and innocence. But many of our children are already anticipating the cares and anxiety proper to adulthood, so much so that many of them have little time totake a____________stroll about, tostare and stand, to horse around, even during the weekends.。

2017年高考真题——英语（上海卷）Word版（含答案）2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection A:Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and delete which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. The man should stop the program. B. The program is too difficult to learn.C.She can help the man learn the program.D. The man should keep learning the program.2.A. They like reading today's paper.B. They are interested in today’s paper.C. They found nothing interesting in today’s paperD. They have no idea what the paper is about.3. A. In a theater. B. In a concert. C. In a park. D. In an exhibition.4. A. Feed the dog B. Clean the dog's houseC. Give the dog a bath.D. find something to eat.5. A. Expensive B. Cheap C. unsuitable D. unnecessary6. A. Maths test B. English test. C. Biology test D. history test7. A. Because he was in Chengdu.B. because the concert was held in Chengdu.C. because he was too tired to attend the concert.D. because the concert was not good enough8. A. He couldn’t help Mary. B. He could lend Mary his bicycle.C. Mary could ask someone else for help.D. Professor hanks would help Mary.9. A. Doctors should not lecture people about life stylesB. Doctors' own life styles are different from othersC. She doesn’ t agree with the man.D. Doctors' lecture is of little use10. A. He likes watching instead of playing. B. He is a good team sports player.C. he doesn't like any kinds of sports.D. He likes taking part in team sports.Section BDirections:In section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation , after each passage or conversation , you will be asked several questions , the passage and the conversation will be read twice , but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question , read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 1l through 13 are based on the following talk.11. A. Buy some small bottles to hold shampoo.B.Collect samples of shampoo for holiday use.C.Take more clothes in case of emergency.D.Roll up clothes to save space and reduce wrinkling.12. A. put a lock on the suitcase.B.Take a plain case instead of an expensive one.C.Draw some symbols on the suitcase.D.Do not take a suitcase.13. A. How to keep yourself safe during a holiday.B. How to make the packing easier for a trip.C. How to keep yourself away from theft.D. How to make your suitcase simple and plain.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can increase the rate of learning and the likelihood of remembering.B.It can help gather related information.C.The information can be easily recalled during an actual debate.D.It makes remembering information difficult.15. A. Reading and thinking alone. B. Talking about a movie to friends.C.Writing down what they've read.D. Read the information loudly.16. A. Related information is put together logically.B.All the information is put together.rmation is related and can be recalled.D.You can recall any information anytime.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Cutting down public water supply during part of a day in some cities.B.Ways to change the public toilet.C.Suggestions for the public to change their bathrooms.D.How to save water by making changes to the bathrooms.18. A. Change the toilet. B. Use a water-saving shower head.C. Brush teeth once a day.D. Use toilets as less as possible.19. A. 6 liters. B. 10 liters. C. 20 liters. D. 16 liters.20. A. How to use water when the public supply is cut.B. How to make the best use of water.C. Criticizing people for wasting water.D. How to protect water from pollution.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In the presence of animalsA professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form health care. As far back as the 1790s, the elderly at a senior citizens’ home in England 21__________ (encourage) to spend time with farm animals. This would help patients’ mental state more than the cruel therapies 22__________ (use) on the mentally ill at the time. In recent years, scientists have finally begun to find proof 23__________ contact with animals can increase a sick person’s chance of survival and has shown 24__________ (lower) heart rate, calm upset children, and get people to start a conversation.Scientists think that animals companionship is beneficial 25__________ animals are accepting and attentive, and they don’t criticize or give orders. Animals have the unique ability to be more social. For example, visitors to nursing homes get more social responses from patients when they come with animal companions.Not only do people seem 26__________ (anxious) when animals are nearby, but they may also live longer. Studies show that a year 27__________ heart surgery, survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets. Elderly people with pets make fewer trips to doctors than those without animal companions, possibly because animals relieve loneliness. Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind, 28__________ (result) in a favourable environment for everyone.Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children. They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with 29__________ company they tend to calm down more easily. They involve 30__________ in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note thatunlock the system. It requires no buttons to be pressed, being always ready to read to read your face. Android users can expect similar 32______ as well.For the millions of people who will soon depend on facial recognition to check their email, send a text or make a call, it will be quick, easy and pretty “cool” to use. However, as we grow 33______to the technology, we cannot become numb to the problems that come with it.Facial recognition is already used everywhere. In China, police use the technology to identify people who jaywalk (乱穿马路). In the United State, more than half of all adults are in a facial recognition database that can be used for criminal investigation.Governments, however, are not the only users of facial recognition. Retailers use the technology in their stores to identify 34______ shoplifters. One social media app in Russia allows strangers to find out who you are just by taking a photo of you.However, different users of facial recognition produce different levels of accuracy. Camera distance, lighting, facial pose all affect the accuracy. Officials at the New York Police Department, for example, have 35______ at least five misidentifications by their facial recognition system. If the iPhone’s new system is s imilarly 36______, no one will consider it to be acceptable security for our personal information. 37______ it probably won’t be. But for many of the systems elsewhere, mistakes and 38______ of privacy might be unavoidable.As the smartphone of choice for many users, the iPhone’s 39______ of facial recognition may encourage consumers to accept the technology elsewhere. However, even as we choose to we explore the convenience facial recognition might offer, we should also be suspicious of the many ways it cam be used. Facial recognition may well be 40______. Its risks need not be!III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, 41___ a huge amount of dull work. Anyone who want to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice, 42___ feedback, modification, and increasingimprovement again, again and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be 43___ or boring.Why?The difference may turn on the ability to enter into a state of “follow,” the felling of being completely 44___ in what you are doing. Whether you call it being “in the zone,”or something else, a flow state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the 45___ of flow in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most commonwhen a task has well-defined goals and is at a(n) 46___ skill level, and where the individual is able to 47___ their performance to clear and immediate feedback.Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most 48___ entered into flow states ha d an “autotelic personality(自带目的性人格)”—a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills. Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges. They are also 49___ and have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their capacity for “disinterested interest”have a great advantage over others in developing their innate abilities.Fortunately for those of us who a ren’t 51___ blessed with an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be 52___ by environmental factors. 53___, the learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states.While there isn’t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practiceinto a thrilling activity for anyone, it is heartening that we seem, at least to some 54___, to be able to nudge ourselves toward flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimal 55___, and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we love doing.41.A. inquires B. requires C. acquires D. gains42.A. preventable B. maintainable C. sustainable D. critical43.A. frustrating B. encouraging C. concerning D. instructing44.A. improved B. indicated C. involved D. inspired45.A. concept B. receipt C. reception D. condition46.A. alternative B. appropriate C. approximate D. sufficient47.A. make B. adopt C. adapt D. adjust48.A. fully B. really C. readily D. accidentally49.A. generous B. persistent C. courageous D. resistant50.A. addict B. advance C. advantage D. admire51.A. necessarily B. obviously C. gradually D. occasionally52.A. forbidden B. functioned C. fastened D. facilitated53.A. In particular B. For exampleC. In conclusion D. In comparison54.A. intention B. extent C. purpose D. intent55.A. temptation B. charming C. attractions D. distractionsSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)The adaptation of books to the big screen is nothing new toour society. Books have become well-respected tools for creating a better Hollywood. However, films should be just as respected for their ability to create better writers.The main skill films help writers develop is attention to progress. Most directors and screenwriters know that the majority of people are not willing to sit through a five-hour film. Thus, every scene must have a purpose. This is a vital objective to keep in mind when writing a novel or short story. With most writing courses placing emphasis on literary techniques, it is easy to become more invested in diction than with actually moving the plot forward. Films remind the writer that while a novel ought to have some degree of literary complexity, the goal at the end of each chapter, page, or sentence is simple:keep the story moving. Films not only help writers develop a plot, but also help writers develop specific moments within their stories. Although writing a means of expression, not all things are easy to express in writing, especially facial expressions and emotions. Films allow writers to study the bodily and emotional actions that make characters read more realistically and make stories more tempting.Lastly, sometimes it takes a film to bring about a story idea in the first place. Stop using a horribly specific or extremely uninteresting prompt. A pleasing theme or aesthetic can be enough to inspire a character or setting. As writers, whether fiction or independent, our works often arise from the things we see around us or the things we wish we could see. Nonetheless, our works also arise from the visuals that have been created for us. As literature continues to enter the film industry, perhaps we should make use of film techniques in our literature.56.Reminded by films, a writer can move the plot forward by .A.keeping in mind that every word should mean something.B.providing a description of as many details as possible.C.paying attention to further enhancing literary complexity.D.choosing the perfect word to go with his/her thought.57.According to the passage, films help writers develop in many aspects except .A.getting an improved expressivenessB.focusing on keeping the story moving.plicating their thinking and life .D.bringing in inspiration foe new works.58.The word “prompt” (paragraph 4 ) probably means.A.a reason to write.B.a topic to start from.C.an excuse to put off working .D.an element to attract relationship.59.Which of the following statements best represents the author’s thoughts in this passage?A.Book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry.B.Directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers.C.Writers should spend more time on wording rather than on other things.D.Filmmaking technique could help book writers to improve themselves.(B)American AirlinesDate of Issue: 233 JAN10Ping Luo:Thank you for choosing American Airlines/American Eagle, amember of the one world TM Alliance. Below is your journey plan for the ticket(s) purchased. Please print and keep possession of this document for use throughout your trip.Record locator: HPMDLHYou may check in and obtain your boarding pass for U.S .domestic electronic tickets within 24 hours of your flight time online at AA. Come by using / checkin or at a Self-Service Check-In machine at the airport. For faster check-in at the airport, scan the barcode at any AA Self-Service machine.Effective Februry 1, American Airlines will be cashless onboard all fights. For in-flight purchases, we will accept Citi○R/ AAdvantage○R MasterCard○R and other major credit or debit cards only. Cashless cabins willnot be implemented onboard American Eagle and American Connection flights----only cash will continue to be accepted onboard those fights.eTicketThe above document serves as .A.evidence of booked tickets.B.explanations of check-in policies.C.a reminder of airline regulations.D.an airline ticket and its confirmation.61.During his journey, Ping Luo will .A.fly non-stop to his destination.B.arrive in Chicago in the late afternoon of the same day.C.have to stay at CHICAGO OHARE airport for two hours.D.reach his final destination on the next day.62.According to the document, in order to check in at the airport faster, a passenger may .A.arrive at the airport far ahead of time.B.choose the seat in advance.e a self-service machine.D.contact the record locator online.(C)There are classes for the mothers of babies, but there’s no helping with your mum and dad growing old.Old people’s wards are hell for old people. Geriatric wards are bedlam and bonkers. A toothless woman screaming when left alone, a cry that reaches the high hospital ceiling. A woman effing and blinding----the polite curtain will not protect her from the indignity of a nappy change. A woman who lives the same moment in repeat, dressed up for going home in a bright red, over the dressing grown, asking for the key to her house, saying over and over: “Am I going home today?”And though my mum, by the time she was released, knew that her life was charmed compared with the lives of the world’s refugees. It seems to me as if the plight of old people, while not a horrible as the plight of refugees, shares some of the horror. Just as we live in a so ciety that hasn’t caught up with technology, the kind of moral choices it gives people, we also live in a world that hasn’t kept up with its ageing population. We have the advances in medical science and technology that have kept people alive longer, but not the advances in how to treat ourageing population. Society is lagging behind the old, failing and falling.There are certain small but piercing similarities between the treatment of the old and the treatment of refugees. The old are often displaced from their homes, moved out against their will; decisions are often made for them that they have no say over. Often, they are treated as fools or halfwits, crowded together in one place,given clothes that don’t belong to them, treated as a fallen tribe, incapable of any individuality. Nobody imagined my mother was a secretary of the Scottish peace movement, a primary teacher, a lifelong socialist, a witty woman. Out of hospital, my 85-year-old mum said: “going into hospital at my age puts years on you. God sa ve from old people’s wards. You never think of yourself as old. You look across the ward and think, am I like that?”63.The treatment of the old is compared of that of the refugees in order to .A.prove they have a lot in common.B.show the terrible status of the old.C.display their similarities and differences.D.indicate that old people have to leave their home.64.We can be inferred from the passage?A.refugees lead a better life than old male patients.B.old people are ill-treated due to their loss of individuality.C.the author’s mom is capable of teaching and being a socialist in the meanwhile.D.the treatment of the ageing population doesn’t develop as science advances.65.The author’s mom felt that life in the hospital .A. made her much older.B. created her a mature woman.C. enable her to look back at life.D. let her full of gratitude to children.66.The passage mainly discussed .A.the life of refugees and old people.B.social responsibility to old women.C.improper treatment of old people.D.preparing for ageing parents.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What would happen if the world suddenly went vegetarian?People become vegetarians for a variety of reasons. Some do it to make animal suffering, others because they want to pursue a healthier lifestyle. Still others are fans of sustainability or wish to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 67 And the more who make the switch, the more those perks would manifest on a global scale.Jarvis and other experts at Colombia’s International Centre for Tropical Agriculture carried out researches to see what might happen if meat dropped off the planet’s menu overnight.First, they examined climate change. Food productionaccounts for one-quarter to one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions from human activities worldwide, and the worst of responsibility for those numbers falls to the livestock industry. 68 In the US, for example, an average family of four emits more greenhouse gases because of the meat they eat than from driving two cars – but it is cars, not steaks, that regularly come up in discussions about global warming.69 Of the world’s app roximately 12 billion acres of agricultural land, 68% is used for livestock. Should we all go vegetarian, ideally we would give at least 80% of that pastureland(牧场) to the restoration of grasslands and forests, which would capture carbon and further alleviate climate change.The remaining 10 to 20% of former pastureland could be used for growing more crops to fill gaps in the food supply. 70 That’s because one-third of the land currently used for crops is dedicated to producing food for livestock – not for humans.Summary Writing：Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Learning by Rote in the Digital AgeRote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning ‘by rote’ as: ‘from memory, without thought of the meaning; in a mechanical way’.The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the internet in about 6 seconds? But now there arevoices for a need to return to rote learning.In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.While the internet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.Drilling yourself-with flashcards or by repetition-is usually hard and boring work, which is why most people need their multiplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.Once you’ve acqui red the essentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.李雷宁愿受罚也不愿说谎。