(完整版)上海高考英语六选四选句填空

2020年上海高考英语六选四专题练习(名师总结解题技巧，值得下载练习)一、六选四考察要求概述选句填空"（俗称"六选四"）是2017年上海高考英语试卷中启用的题型。

根据题目要求，学生需从所给的六个选项中选取四个填入文中的空格处，使文章从内容、语言、结构上都符合逻辑。

考生在备考这一部分时,需意识到以下几点：1.虽然每一小题都要求选择正确的句子填入文中，但在文中不同的地方挖空，考査的能力要求也会有所不同。

如果空格处需填入主题句，考査的是对文本或段落的概括能力，如果空格处需填入能使上下文叙述连贯的细节，考査的则是对文章基本内容的理解能力。

因此，针对不同的空格，考生需要调整自己的思维方式，选择合适的策略；2.虽然本部分属于阅读理解这一大题，同样也考查考生的阅读理解能力，但是要注意这一题型与阅读选择题的差异。

选择题通过题干告诉考生考点在哪里，考査目标是什么，考生就可以据此选择合适的策略来答题，而"选句填空"则要求考生在理解文章内容和行文逻辑的基础上，自行判断空格处需填入句子的功能，再进一步选择合适的策略来答题。

基于以上分析，建议考生在完成"选句填空"这一部分时，可以采用以下步骤：1.通读全文，对文章内容有整体理解，包括文章的主题、写作的目的、毎一段的大意等; 2.阅读空格所在段落，尤其是空格前后句，判断空格处需填入句子的功能，并根据据后句的内容基本确定需填入句子的内容；3.阅读所给的六个句子，从中选择符合文章内容及行文逻辑的句子；4.通读填入句子后的文章，再次确认文章内容、语言、结构上是否符合逻辑。

二、六选四做题技巧指导1.利用句子中心实词解题句子中心实词是指在一个句子表达中需要占据句子主干或者中心意思的一类实词。

和代词一样，当一个句子中出现了表达某一特点概念的中心实词时，该句上下文就应该围绕这样的中心来展开，也就是说正确选项中不能呈现上下文没有交代的一个中心实词，因此我们可以利用这一现象来帮助我们找到正常选项或者排除错误选项。

⾼中英语⽜津上海版⾼中⼆年级第—学期六选四解题技巧专项讲解及练习（有答案）六选四解题技巧⼀、考点分析六选四是⾼考新题型，由原来的任务型阅读改⾰⽽来，分值8分，语法难度较任务型阅读有所降低，但理解难度提⾼。

考察⽅式：给出⼀篇缺少四个句⼦的短⽂和6个选项。

要求考⽣根据⽂章内容，选出正确的句⼦填⼊相应空⽩处。

有两个多余选项。

每个选项2分。

考纲解读：主要考察学⽣对⽂章的整体内容和结构以及上下⽂逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

选材特点：短⽂长度⼀般为300词左右，题材为记叙⽂、说明⽂和议论⽂为主。

设空类型：1.主旨句：标题类、主题句类；2.过渡性句⼦:⽂章结构；3.细节注释性句⼦：上下⽂逻辑意义。

解题步骤：1.通读全⽂，尤其是⽂章的开始部分，明确⽂章的基本话题和主要内容。

2.阅读选项，根据选项中句⼦的句意或者句⼦后⾯的标点符号来判断该句在⽂章中的可能位置。

3.仔细阅读空前空后，寻找并划出关键词。

根据关键词，联系选项，基本确定需要填⼊句⼦的内容。

⼀旦确定⼀个选项，就将其做上记号，避免造成⼲扰。

依次完成四个空。

（先易后难）4.通读填⼊句⼦后的⽂章，再次确认⽂章内容、语⾔、结构上是否符合逻辑。

⼝诀：逻辑关系前后句，词汇重合上下⽂；内容全归所在段，语意通顺且连贯。

⼆、专题详解答题技巧：（⼀）注意关键词：⼀名（名词）袋（代词）⿏（数词）很特殊，连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。

除此之外，还有形容词。

1.词汇复现：复现是指在⽂章不同位置对同⼀个概念进⾏重复描述。

包括原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派⽣词复现等。

例1：同词复现……The scientists say that the human life has change d greatly.Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. So they are called “diseases of civilization”.Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.A.Stone Age people lived a simple life.B.But today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.C. In that case,they would live much healthier.D.Ancient people have not lots of physical exercise.E. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F.People today probably don’t want to live like our ancestors.例2：反义词复现……On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world.______Thosedisadvantages include expense,time away from one’s school,family,…A.The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.例3：派⽣词复现Don’t fear people.______. The reason most people don’t take risks,or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them.If you want to live the life you truly deserve,you must give up the need to be likes by everybody.A.Focus on your own talents and strengths.B.Never let others’ opinions guide your choices.C.Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.2.同范畴词同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同⼀领域的词汇在⽂章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的⽬的。

上海高考英语题型训练：选句填空Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Self-Care Strategies for College StudentsMost college students don’t put self-care at the top of their to do lists. When you’re caught up in the whirlwind(旋风) of classes, extra-curricular, work, friendships, and final exams, it’s easy to ignore a task that doesn’t come with a deadline (even if that task is simply “taking care of yourself”). Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life, but remember that maintaining your physical, mental, and emotional health is essential to your success and well-being. (67)_________ Instead, take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self-care strategies.Get Away for some Alone Time. If you live with roommates, privacy can be hard to come by, so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own. (68)_________.Take a Mindful Walk Around Campus. When you’re strolling to class, try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress. (69)__________ Feel free to people-watch, but pay attention to sensory details too, like the smell of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes. Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice along your route. You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination.Stage a Sleep Intervention. How much sleep do you really get each night? (70)__________ By doing that, you’ll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits. Don’t buy into the myth that the less you’re sleeping, the harder you’re working. Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels--you simply can’t do your best work without it.Download a New Podcast. Take a break from the books, grab your headphones, and listen to some immersive mysteries, compelling interviews, or laugh-out-loud comedy. There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable, so you’re sure to find something that interests you.67-70 D EACNowhere to Hide: What Machines Can Tell From Your FaceThe human face is a remarkable piece of work. 67 . So is the face’s ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to hide their feelings, intentions or nature.68 .In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreenSet against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities. 69 .Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.70 .Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone’s face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional. 67-70 FDAEWe need to do more to help the teachers who are exhausted and stressed.Teaching should not be one of the most stress ful jobs in the US. But it is. “The only other profession that comes close to us for stress is nursing ----- and we still have the numbers... by a lot. ____67____”“Nobody realizes how horrific working conditions are for teachers throughoutthe country,” “Brice-Hyde says, an experienced teacher in New York who is part of the national group Badass Teachers Association (BAT).____68____ So they did a national study of teacher working conditions around issues like stress, work-life balance, respect, and more. The results are both surprising---and not. If you've been seeing the stories about teacher walkouts and pay inequality, you probably aren't all that shocked to see these things like: 61 percent of educators find work "always" or "often" stressful; 27 percent of educators said they've been threatened or bullied; 86 percent of educators feel disrespected by US Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos.Teachers are stressed out, and turnover is high. No wonder we're seeing more stories about the importance of self-care, classroom burnout, and mental health days for teachers. Yet, self-care doesn't seem to come easily for people, and this is definitely true for teachers. ____69____We think it's time to change that, though. So in honor of World Mental Health Day, we are working to change the dialogue about teacher mental health, Below are some of the top challenges people give for not seeking therapy, or even basicself-care. along with possible solutions and workarounds for each one.We hope you share this article widely, giving support and love to your fellow educators. ____70____ And it's pretty much guaranteed to help you do what you set out to in the first place-be a good teacher. 67-70 CADFWhy I stopped worrying about my credit score?If you believed everything you read about your credit score, you'd think it was the most important component of your financial health. Without a good credit score and history, the experts say, it's more difficult qualify for a mortgage(按揭)or a car loan-and more expensive if you're approved for a loan, too, because you won't get the best interest rates. In many states, bad credit can even raise your insurance payments, cost you a rental apartment, or make it harder to get hired. ___67_____ First off, there are several credit scores out there. While it's important to cultivate your credit scores by using credit responsibly, your FICO credit score may not be the same as what VantageScore reports, and lenders may use a different one entirely, so focusing on one score can be a fruitless exercise. More important as financial reporter Dave Ramsey notes on his blog, your credit score is not a measure of your overall financial health. He writes:"____68___"FICO, the most popular credit-scoring agency, users several weighted factors to determine your credit score, including payment history (35 percent), amounts owed (30 percent), length of credit history (15 percent), new credit (10 percent), and credit mix (10 percent). 69 My husband and I enjoyed steady credit scores above 820 for a while. But when we paid off one of our rental properties in 2017, we both saw our credit scores fall by 20 or more points. The sudden drop took place becausewe completed a 15-year loan and reduced the average length of our credit history tremendously. 70 That’s blac kmail. I would rather be debt-free than have a perfect credit score.Your credit score is certainly important when you’re starting out and likely to borrow money for a down payment (首付) on a home or some other big purchase. But once you’re fairly established financially, it’s much easier to see it for what it really is: a measure of how well you borrow money.67-70 FCDAThe art of academic writing is not easy to master. (67) _____________ Academic writing is the skilful exposition and explanation of an argument, which the writer has carefully researched and developed over a sustained period of time. (68)_____________ But the joy of reading and sharing with others, one’s succinctly composed piece of argument, is incomparable.Before beginning to write, the writer must ask himself a few questions – Why am I writing? What is it that I intend to share with others? What purpose will my writing serve? Have I read enough about the topic or theme about which I am going to write? (69) ___________ Because academic writing is a serious activity – it makes one part of a shared community of readers and writers who wish to disseminate and learn from well-argued pieces of writing.The structure of an argumentative essay should take the form of – Introduction (which should be around ten percent of the entire essay), Body (it should constitute eighty percent of the piece) and the Conclusion (again, ten per cent of the essay). (70) ___________ The body should include cogent and coherently linked paragraphs and the conclusion should re-state the argument and offer a substantial ending to the piece. 67-70 CFDBLife is not easy when you are looking for something worthwhile and ready to learn from the best experiences. 67 Here are some life lessons which people will learn the hard way in majority of cases.68 However, people usually get discouraged when it takes more time than they thought it would. At this time, people refer only to people who have already achieved what they want to do. Look at any successful pe rson and you’ll notice one thing common in all of them: they took time to learn and mastered their skill like no one else. There is no elevator to success and you have to take the stairs.Be brave to take the road less traveled. In our whole life, we always want to follow the same path that everyone suggests, do the same thing everyone does, take the same career path everyone takes, wear the same clothes everyone wears, and hang out with the same people we work with. Why? Because we are scared to fail. But when you get bored of life, you realize that you are not meant to do what everyone does and that your destiny is different from anyone else’s out there in the world. 69You don’t have to live your life in a way society wants you to. 70 Parents sometimes force their children to select a career they don’t want because other children have selected that career. Worst of all, people follow them without even asking. There is no harm in believing in old beliefs but when you pursue them before your interest, sooner or later you’ll realize that you should first do what you think is right. 67-70 DAFCThe quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. The more patient you are, the more accepting you will be of what life is, rather than insisting that life be exactly as you would like it to be. Without patience, life is extremely frustrating. (67) Patience adds some ease and acceptance to your life. It’s important for inner peace.(68)(69)If you are stuck in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking get out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax. It might also be a good time to breathe as well as an opportunity to remind yourself that, in the bigger scheme of things, being late is “small stuff”.Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice. (69) They are the periods of time that I set up in my mind to practice the art of patience. Life itself becomes a classroom, and the curriculum is patience. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time. What you’ll discover is truly amazing. Your intention to be patient, especially if you know it’s only for a short while, immediately strengthens your capacity for patience. Patience is one of those special qualities where success feeds on itself. Once you reach little milestone—five minutes of successful patience—you’ll begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient, even for longer periods of time. Over time, you may even become a patient person.Being patient will help you to keep your perspective. You’ll see even a difficult situation, say your present challenge, isn’t “life or death” but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with. (70) . 67-70 BDAEUnit the 1980s, scientists were trained to ignore animal pain, according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness. However, today, scientists view humans as a species of animals, and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self-awareness. People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion.If you slap(掌击) another person in the face, you can estimate their pain level by what they do or say in response. __67__ Gradually, scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non-human animals. Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs.But huge disagreement exists. For example, scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters(龙虾) feel pain. Some researchers argue lobsters are too dissimilar to vertebrates(脊椎动物) to feel pain. Nonetheless, lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response. Lobsters guard their injuries, and learn to avoid dangerous situations. __68__ In result, today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain.Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain, it is now illegal to boillobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries. Currently, boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand. Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal, many restaurants prefer more humane methods. __69__ To satisfy picky diners, more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods. Stabbing a lobster in the head isn’t a good option, as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious.Currently, the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun. This device electrocutes(电击) a lobster. __70__ The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain. In contrast, it takes about 2 minutes for a lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts. 67-70 EADB。

专题8 六选四（原卷版）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

[考点分析]分值：8分，语法难度较任务型阅读有所降低，但理解难度提高。

考查方式：给出一篇缺少四个句子的短文和6个选项。

要求考生根据文章内容，选出正确的句子填入相应空白处。

有两个多余选项。

每个选项2分。

考纲解读：主要考查学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

选材特点：短文长度一般为300词左右，题材为记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。

设空类型：1.主旨句：标题类、主题句类；2.过渡性句子:文章结构；3.细节注释性句子：上下文逻辑意义。

解题步骤：1. 通读全文，尤其是文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题和主要内容。

2. 阅读选项，根据选项中句子的句意或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的可能位置。

3. 仔细阅读空前空后，寻找并划出关键词。

先至教育辅导时间：3/ 5 年级：高二时长：2 H学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型阅读六选四技巧训练教学目标联系上下文理解文章大意，理论逻辑关系，采用排除法，阅读并不难，授课时段上海市高考英语阅读新题型：六选四2017 上海市英语高考改革新要求：（趋势：听力部分要求下降，增加了读写部分）：（听说测试：人机对话）口试20分，折合10分计入总分笔试：140分1，听力25分（原来30分）——短对话10分，短文2篇+长对话1篇 1.5*10=15分2，语法和词汇20分——语法一篇10分，词汇11选10,10分3，阅读45分——完形填空1篇15分，阅读3篇11*2=22分，六选四4*2=8分4，概括写作10分5，翻译15分——共4句，3+3+4+56，写作25分特别强调！！！ 3阅读中的六选四和4概括写作是全新题型新题型说明文章篇幅比第一部分要长,所给出的被选项要多于题目个数, 该部分的正文一般都有很清楚的思路或者论据,考察的是一种逻辑关系.阅读本身考察的就是对文章的理解掌控能力，所以不论题目以什么形式出现，都是考察多文章的理解和大意的把握，六选四的出现说明题目从传统的单项选择上转移到一个更深的层次上，即对句子和语篇的理解，在做这种题目时，应该注意以下四点:1 把握文章主题句和结尾句(一)Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences._1-Trust is a risk.But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately，we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stole n from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.—2--It’s understandable，but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there..Learn to really trust yourself. Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. -3--If you’ve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives，we’ll have our trust tested or violated.?You didn’t lose “everything”.Once trust is lost，what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.-4-- Instead，it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.It is putting confidence in someone.B.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.C.Remember that you can expect the best in return.D.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.E.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.F.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.(二). This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for bein g unaware of what’s happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.- 1- They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas andachievements in human history.-2 --Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First，understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.—3- And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings.It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need toconcentrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.—4-Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. Therefore，it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C.Without wandering minds，we wouldn’t have relativity，Coke or Post-it notes.D.At one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E.It involves slow，steady第一章施工组织设计总说明 (5)1.2编制依据 (5)1.3工程概况 (5)1.4标书编制原则 (5)1.5编制指导思想 (5)1.6工期、质量及管理目标 (6)第二章施工准备及施工总体规划 (7)2.1施工准备 (7)2.1.1施工调查 (7)2.1.2技术方面 (7)2.1.3原材料供应方面 (7)2.1.4设备供应方面 (7)2.1.5人员进场筹备 (8)2.1.6向监理工程师提出开工报告单 (8)2.2施工总体规划 (8)2.2.1机构设置 (8)2.2.2项目主要管理人员职责 (9)第三章施工总平面布置 (11)3.1施工总平面布置说明 (12)3.2施工道路 (12)3.2.1对外交通条件 (12)3.2.2场内交通 (12)3.3施工供电 (12)3.4施工供水 (12)3.4.1生活区供水 (12)3.4.2施工现场供水 (12)3.5施工照明 (13)3.6施工通信 (13)3.7消防 (13)3.8砼拌和系统 (13)3.8.1拌和系统及场地布置 (13)3.8.2砼防雨水系统 (13)3.9加工厂布置 (13)3.9.1钢筋加工厂 (13)3.9.2模板加工厂 (14)3.10施工区、材料加工区、备料区布置 (14)3.11施工总布置 (14)3.11.1总布置 (15)3.11.2总平面布置图 (15)第四章施工进度计划及工期保证措施 (15)4.1总体进度计划 (16)4.1.1编制进度计划考虑的因素 (16)4.1.2编制的施工进度计划 (16)4.2施工进度计划网络图 (16)。

（完整版）2019上海⾼考英语⼀模六选四汇编含答案word⽂档,推荐⽂档上海⾼考英语题型训练: 六选四2019年⾼三英语第⼀学期期末质量抽查Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Unit 2, 长宁区A. In other words, because we paid off and closed a line of credit, our scores took a hit.B. It is always more important to know how much you are able to earn than to borrow.C. All it tells you is whether you are good at borrowing money and paying it back.D. Believe it or not, these standards allow you to be punished for becoming debt-free!E. These are the reasons why I have stopped worrying about my credit score.F. While all of that is true, it doesn't tell the whole story.Why I stopped worrying about my credit score?If you believed everything you read about your credit score, you'd think it was the most important component of your financial health. Without a good credit score and history, the experts say, it's more difficult qualify for a mortgage(按揭)or a car loan-and more expensive if you're approved for a loan, too, because you won't get the best interest rates. In many states, bad credit can even raise your insurancepayments, cost you a rental apartment, or make it harder to get hired._______67________First off, there are several credit scores out there. While it's important to cultivate your credit scores by using credit responsibly, your FICO credit score may not be the same as what VantageScore reports, and lenders may use a different one entirely, so focusing on one score can be a fruitless exercise. More important asfinancial reporter Dave Ramsey notes on his blog, your credit score is not a measure of your overall financial health. He writes:"________68________"FICO, the most popular credit-scoring agency, users several weighted factors to determine your credit score, including payment history (35 percent), amounts owed(30 percent), length of credit history (15 percent), new credit (10 percent), and creditmix (10 percent).________69________ My husband and I enjoyed steady creditscores above 820 for a while. But when we paid off one of our rental properties in 2017, we both saw our credit scores fall by 20 or more points. The sudden drop took place because we completed a 15-year loan and reduced the average length of our credit history tremendously.________70________That’s blackmail. I would rather be debt-free than have a perfect credit score.Your credit score is certainly important when you’re starting out and likely to borrow money for a down payment (⾸付) on a home or some other big purchase.But once you’re fairly established financially, it’s much easier to see it for what it really is: a measure of how well you borrow money. 67-70 FCDAB.C.E.Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years, and has noted some improvement. But Gearhart says there is still work to be done.“There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles,” he said. “Since these chemicals are not regulated, consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face.”________68________ Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches, dizziness, etc., depending on the sensitivity of an individual.According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, continued exposure to some of these can lead to reproductiveimpacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system—or even cancer.________69________The danger is the greatest when the car is new, and that new car smell is most noticeable.________70________It is the release of chemical vapors, which leads to the smell. Heat from a vehicle left in the sun can make matters worse, and speed up the chemical reaction.The danger is reduced over time, and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months.Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated (通风的), especially during the first six months of ownership. Park in the shade with the windows open when it’s safe to do so, or at least try to air it out before getting inside—especially on hot days. 67-70 EDAC Unit 4, 奉贤区A.An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actualpractice periods.B.You are more easily annoyed and bothered.C.It is generally believed that the quality of being patient is very difficult to develop.D.Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present moment, even ifyou don’t like it.E.Without patience, the same scenario can become a major emergency complete withyelling, frustration, hurt feelings.If you lack patience, you are destined to fail in what you are pursuing.The quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. The more patient you are, the more accepting you will be of what life is, rather than insisting that life be exactly as you would like it to be.Without patience, life is extremely frustrating.________67________Patience adds some ease and acceptance to your life. It’s important for inner peace.________68________ If you are stuck in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking get out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax. It might also be a good time to breathe as well as an opportunity to remind yourself that, in thebigger scheme of things, being late is “small stuff”.Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice.________69________They are the periods of time that I set up in my mind to practice the art of patience. Life itself becomes a classroom, and the curriculum is patience. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for。

2021届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题分类汇编--六选四（带答案精2021届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题汇编：六选四One【2021届上海市上海中学高三上学期第二阶段检测】 Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. In large settings, people reported feeling more powerful and were likelier to steal money, cheat on a test, and commit traffic violations. B. How honest a person is depends mainly on his or her personality. C. This held true even when people were role-playing----that is, they weren’t rich real life. D. When Dutch psychologist Gerben van Kleef asked study participants that question, most chose the second accountant. E. Researchers find it very common among “successful” people but can’t explain why. F. The more wins, the higher the hormones, the greater the confidence boost, the bigger the risks, and so on. Picture two accountants alerted to suspicious entries in the books. The first takes the violation seriously. The second thinks it’s not a big deal. Who has more power?____67______ Powerful people break the rules-----therefore, breaking rules makes one seem more powerful.“In its modest form, rule breaking is actually healthy,” says Zhen Zhang of Arizona State University. He found that relatively minor violations during adolescence----damaging property, playing hooky----predicated an admired occupation entrepreneur.When young men, in particular, take risks that succeed, testosteronelevels surge. The hormone may underline the “winner effect,” say researchers John Coates and Joe Herbert of University of Cambridge, who tracked the hormonal activity of stock option traders (again, all male) over their good and bad days in the market _____68______.But at a certain point, risk taking can become illogical. This can cause “ethical numbing(道德麻木).” Consider Ste ve Jobs: As Apple grew, so did lawsuits against it, like those over patents.Being wealthy has a moral effect on both genders. Studies have found that the $150,000-plus-per-year set was four times as likely to cheat as thosemaking less than $15,000 a year when playing a game to win $50. The rich didn’t stop for pedestrians at a crosswalk nearly as oftenasless-wealthydrivers.______69_____That’sbecauseenvironment―notpersonality―encourage rule breaking, argues Andy Yap, a behavioral scientist. Yap and his12021届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题汇编：六选四colleagues asked volunteers to sit in an SUV-size driver’s seat versus a crowded one or an executive-size office space versus a cubicle(小隔间) and then tested their responses to various moral evens. _____70______.Keys: 67-70 D F C ATwo【]2021届上海市华师大二附中高三上学期阶段测试题】 Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Priority should definitely be given to your day job. B. The same goes for your notes and other paperwork. C. It’s up to yo to find a system and stick with it. D. Sometimes it is no easy task to make decisions between Job A and Job B. E. Keep firm dividers between your different jobs. F. Unfortunately, most supervisors do not come with a label which variety they are.No matter what the reason, though, juggling more than one job isguarant eed to be a crash course in time management. If you’re not careful,the word “crash” could become more than figurative.We all know that we’ll have to figure out a time management system whenwe take on a second job. Equally obvious is the fact that what works for one person (and their jobs) probably won’t work for anyone else._____67______. There are a few tricks, though, that can help._______68_______. Even if you are the boss on your second job――you’re working for yourself――you have an obligatio n to keep that work separate from you day job. Focus on what’s in front of you. There’s actually a benefit to punching a clock when you work for more than one supervisor. When you’re onthe clock for Company A, you know exactly which projects you should be working on. If Company A is paying for this time, you should be theirs, heart and soul, at least until you clock out.Good records can also help. I’m not just talking about the calendars and task lists most of us rely on, either. Making sure that you have any contact information available no matter whether22021届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题汇编：六选四you’re at Job A, Job B or home can take some extra effort, but it’s worth it._____69_______.I know plenty of people who bring their work to their primary job. It seems to be a favorite tactic of folks starting up a freelancing career orsmall business. I don’t think that’s the best way to manage a packed schedule. If you don’t have your primary employer’s permission, the best advice is to just keep things quiet. Give preference to the employer who is paying you for this specific chunk of time.Some companies don’t want you to work anywhere else. They want you to put in your eight hours, go home, sleep well and come back rested. Others consider employees who go looking for other projects as its benefits ―― suchemployees have a jump start on networking and have a wider variety of experiences.70 . Because it can be very hard to figure out your boss’s attitude, the general ruleseems to be that you keep quiet on your extracurricular activities. I wouldn’t talk about Job A at Job B, although, if my boss was to bring up the matter, I’d be entirely truthful.Keys: 67-70 C E B FThree【2021届上海市华师大二附中高三上学期期中试题】 Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. The writer’s festival is more than an event celebrating authors; it also celebrates the power of literature and the power of you, the reader. B. Stories have been around since time began. C. But he argued sexual pleasure is too fleeting and betrayal too common, and while friendship was better it always ended with death. D. A 2021 study found reading literary fiction can help you become more empathetic. E.It is no coincidence that Apollo was the god of medicine as well as poetry. F. They remind us of the university and timelessness of emotions, helping us better understand our own.32021届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题汇编：六选四The understanding that literature can comfort, console and heal has been around since the second millennium BC,_____67______.As a bibliotherapist, I’m interested in the therapeutic value stories have to offer us, particularly during times of stress. Here the intent around reading is different; the value of the story lies solely in our emotional response to it.One of the greatest arguments for using literature as therapy was posited by the Renaissance essayist Michel de Montaigne, who believed there were threepossible cures for loneliness: have a lover, have friends and read books.______68______.Therefore, the only therapy that could endure through life wasthe companionship of literature.Why were the ancient Greeks and Romans right to suppose literature healsthe soul? Why did Montaigne trust we could endure loneliness through alifelong relationship with books? Why, despite all the distractions of modern life, do books still get published and writers’ festival events get sold out? The answer lies in the power of stories______69______. they tell us what it is to be human, give us a context for the past and an insight towards the future. A narrator’s voice replaces our stressed, internal monologue and takes us out of our life and into the worldof a story. Paradoxically, we think we are escaping ourselves but the best stories take us back deeper into our interior worlds. Freud, who believed the “reading cure” came before the “talking cure”, once wrote that wherever he went he discovered a poet had been there before. It is difficult to access emotional language and this is why we have writers. ________70_______.What stories have shaped you? It’s a question worth reflecting on, asthis shaping is often subconscious. The act of making it conscious will allow your future reading to perhaps have a different intent; you will be “reading” your life from now on, allowing you to live it more fully and betterunderstand it.Keys: 67-70 E C B FFour【2021届上海市复旦附中高三上学期第一次综合测试题】 Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note thatthere are two more sentences than you need.42021届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题汇编：六选四A. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area.B. The disappearance of gray wolves brought about damage to the local ecology.C. As early as 1966,biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park.D. They hoped to keep the conflictbetween farmers and gray wolves to a minimum. E. Fourteen wolves were caughtin Canada and transported to the park. F. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red fores have made a comeback.After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park._______67_______. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than170 wolves.Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.________68________. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations ― major food sources (来源) for the wolf �C grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation , which reduced plant diversityin the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’ s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’ s beavers.________69________. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they fearedthat wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolvers. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and managesthe wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone._______70_______. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.Keys: 67-70 E A C F5感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

一、选句填空例题
之后的讲解或多或少都会结合同样由P.F. Productions统筹制作的2017届上海英语十月高考 新题型定位卷笔试部分中的例题。该内容同样改编自美国高考之一的SAT考试的0G例题。由 于原题就是来自文法部分，因此部分试题保留原试题形式，部分内容作了改编。详见下：
选句填空例题一
A.Although their roles have declined significantly, librarians will continue to be employed.
F.The share of new-format library materials, such as e-books, audio and video materials, is increasing steadily.
Librarians Help Navigate in the Digital Age
D.For example, librarian can help with online job searches as well as resume and job materi-
E.A large number of public libraries report that they also provide help with government resources related to income taxes, law troubles, and retirement programs.
In sum, the Internet does not replace the need for librarians, and librarians are hardly outdated.(70)

六选四解题技巧一、考点分析六选四是高考新题型，由原来的任务型阅读改革而来，分值8分，语法难度较任务型阅读有所降低，但理解难度提高。

考察方式：给出一篇缺少四个句子的短文和6个选项。

要求考生根据文章内容，选出正确的句子填入相应空白处。

有两个多余选项。

每个选项2分。

考纲解读：主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

选材特点：短文长度一般为300词左右，题材为记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。

设空类型：1.主旨句：标题类、主题句类；2.过渡性句子:文章结构；3.细节注释性句子：上下文逻辑意义。

解题步骤：1.通读全文，尤其是文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题和主要内容。

2.阅读选项，根据选项中句子的句意或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的可能位置。

3.仔细阅读空前空后，寻找并划出关键词。

根据关键词，联系选项，基本确定需要填入句子的内容。

一旦确定一个选项，就将其做上记号，避免造成干扰。

依次完成四个空。

（先易后难）4.通读填入句子后的文章，再次确认文章内容、语言、结构上是否符合逻辑。

口诀：逻辑关系前后句，词汇重合上下文；内容全归所在段，语意通顺且连贯。

二、专题详解答题技巧：（一）注意关键词：一名（名词）袋（代词）鼠（数词）很特殊，连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。

除此之外，还有形容词。

1.词汇复现：复现是指在文章不同位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。

包括原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生词复现等。

例1：同词复现……The scientists say that the human life has change d greatly.Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. So they are called “diseases of civilization”.Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.A.Stone Age people lived a simple life.B.But today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.C. In that case,they would live much healthier.D.Ancient people have not lots of physical exercise.E. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F.People today probably don’t want to live like our ancestors.例2：反义词复现……On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world.______Those disadvantages include expense,time away from one’s school,family,…A.The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.例3：派生词复现Don’t fear people.______. The reason most people don’t take risks,or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them.If you want to live the life you truly deserve,you must give up the need to be likes by everybody.A.Focus on your own talents and strengths.B.Never let others’ opinions guide your choices.C.Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.2.同范畴词同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。

六选四考察要求概述选句填空"（俗称"六选四"）是2017年上海高考英语试卷中启用的题型。

根据题目要求，学生需从所给的六个选项中选取四个填入文中的空格处，使文章从内容、语言、结构上都符合逻辑。

考生在备考这一部分时,需意识到以下几点：1.虽然每一小题都要求选择正确的句子填入文中，但在文中不同的地方挖空，考査的能力要求也会有所不同。

如果空格处需填入主题句，考査的是对文本或段落的概括能力，如果空格处需填入能使上下文叙述连贯的细节，考査的则是对文章基本内容的理解能力。

因此，针对不同的空格，考生需要调整自己的思维方式，选择合适的策略；2.虽然本部分属于阅读理解这一大题，同样也考查考生的阅读理解能力，但是要注意这一题型与阅读选择题的差异。

选择题通过题干告诉考生考点在哪里，考査目标是什么，考生就可以据此选择合适的策略来答题，而"选句填空"则要求考生在理解文章内容和行文逻辑的基础上，自行判断空格处需填入句子的功能，再进一步选择合适的策略来答题。

基于以上分析，建议考生在完成"选句填空"这一部分时，可以采用以下步骤：1.通读全文，对文章内容有整体理解，包括文章的主题、写作的目的、毎一段的大意等; 2.阅读空格所在段落，尤其是空格前后句，判断空格处需填入句子的功能，并根据据后句的内容基本确定需填入句子的内容；3.阅读所给的六个句子，从中选择符合文章内容及行文逻辑的句子；4.通读填入句子后的文章，再次确认文章内容、语言、结构上是否符合逻辑。

二、六选四做题技巧指导1. 1.利用句子中心实词解题句子中心实词是指在一个句子表达中需要占据句子主干或者中心意思的一类实词。

和代词一样，当一个句子中出现了表达某一特点概念的中心实词时，该句上下文就应该围绕这样的中心来展开，也就是说正确选项中不能呈现上下文没有交代的一个中心实词，因此我们可以利用这一现象来帮助我们找到正常选项或者排除错误选项。

阅读六选四解题技巧分析（2）知识导图要点精析六选四做题技巧指导1.利用词汇复现或同义词解题重复词汇是指关键词以同一形式或不同的词性在文章中反复出现，达到紧扣主题的目的。

找到含有与关键词相同或最接近的单词的选项，然后再来验证句意内容是否通顺。

从而达到快而准的效果。

一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。

例1：People think so much of them that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general. ____67____A.Even being good at getting others to fight most efficiently is not being civilized.B.Most people believe those who have conquered the most nations are the greatest.C.However, every year conflicts between countries and nations still claim thousands of lives.D.And not only has it won, but also because it has won, it has been in the right.E.So there has been little time to learn in, but there will be oceans of time in which to learn better.F.People don’t fight and kill each other in the streets, but nations still behave like savages.例2：You can show your child how to make choice between different brands of a product so that you can save money. ____5____ If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved.A.Wise decisions.B.The value of money.C.Permit the child to choose between them.D.Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things.E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to YOUF.Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy storeG. The best time to teach a childanything about money is when he shows.例3：Nonetheless, doctors and nurses are finding that paying attention to what might be seen as superficial concerns — hair and makeup — has a positive effect on patients, with beauty regimes being bright spots in whatcan be a dreary journey through radiation and other therapies. ___2___A.Feeling good about oneself played a very big role in a patient’s recovery.B.Hospitals are forming partnerships with local salons to serve their patients.C.Three more centers are scheduled to open in the United States by the end of this year.D.Because of these perceived benefits, programs focused on cosmetic solutions are spreading.E.The nationwide program has volunteer hairstylists, cosmetologists, wigmakers, etc., who make periodicappearances.In this small, out-of-the-way room, cosmetologists specialize in assisting cancer patients who lose their hair, experience changes to their skin or have breasts surgically removed.2.利用逻辑词解题逻辑词的运用在说明文和议论文中是十分常见，无论是在完形填空还是六选四中都可以加以利用。

Section CDirections:Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box.Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.A.And if you're losing weight,protein shakes can help make sure that you don't lose muscle.B.Protein shakes can also help people to manage their figures,especially their weight.C.Moreover,these foods contain other nutrients in addition to protein.D.Therefore,it is unnecessary to take protein shakes unless it is a must.E.Protein shakes can be ready-made drinks.F.And high-protein diets have also been linked to the loss of fat.Many people drink protein shakes（高蛋白饮品）regularly to lose weight,build muscle or both.Others,however, question the belief that protein shakes are better than normal,high-protein foods.So what is the truth?What is in a protein shake?Protein shakes are dietary supplements(膳食补充品)designed to help people consume more protein than they otherwise would.67Or people can mix their own shakes using protein powder and other ingredients. Protein powder can be made from plants or animals.Plant-based protein shakes can include soy,pea or rice protein. Animal-based protein powders are usually made from cow's milk.Those who want to stay away from milk can also get protein powder made from egg whites.Advantages of protein shakesStudies indicate that consuming protein shakes is helpful if you want to build your muscle.They can also help to improve your performance while exercising and help you to recover from exercise.68 Consuming protein shakes can also help you lose weight.Eating a high-protein diet helps you feel full,so it's easier to resist eating too much.High-protein diets can also increase how quickly your body burns energy.When you use more energy than you take in through food,you lose weight.69Disadvantages of protein shakesHowever,you don't have to drink protein shakes to have a high-protein diet.Many wholefoods are rich in protein. As a matter of fact,the people in many high-protein diet studies didn't drink protein shakes.The studies proved the benefits of eating protein-rich foods.70In contrast,many protein shakes contain sugar or artificial sweeteners,which are not healthy.To sum upSo yes,protein shakes are convenient,and they work.However,they are not your only choice for eating a high-protein diet.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.The company has already achieved several milestones since it was founded.B.Its goal is to create sustainable meat products to replace meats such as beef,chicken and even fish.C.The layers of meat and fat can be regrouped in different proportions to create different flavor experiences.D.Additionally,producing meat without having to raise and kill cattle may work out better for ensuring animalwelfare and overall health.E.The meat product is the first of its kind and was created using a specific3D-bioprinting technology that wasrecently patented by the company.F.In the final steps,the muscle cells and fat cells are turned into meat,ready to be processed into the final product,whether it’s a burger,steak,or even a meatloaf.Israeli Company Develops3D Printed BeefIf there were an award for the funniest company name of2022,then the3D printed meat company“Steakholder”would win that award.Israeli company Steakholder Foods Ltd.has introduced its new product,Omakase Beef Morsels,which are bioprinted with cultured meat.The bites are inspired by the world-famous Wagyu beef,famous for its fat marbling patterns(大理石花纹)in the meat,which is also very expensive.The company was formed in2019and has an office in Israel and Belgium,and is now expanding its operations to the US.67Stakeholder uses stem cells from cattle for the production of its printed beef,and the muscle tissue and fat are printed from two separate bio-inks.68A bite can be made juicier,chewier,and the taste can also be altered.The process works by first selecting the animals to extract(提取)the stem cells from.The cells are selected from animals that will provide the best meat and yield.The next step is proliferation,in which the cells are placed into a nutrient rich reactor to multiply.When the cells reach appropriate numbers,the stem cells change into muscle cells and fat cells.69“This product marks a major step forward for us and for the cultured meat industry in general,”said Arik Kaufman, CEO of Steakholder Foods.“It is the result of a lot of hard work and our desire to achieve the highest level of meat possible through bioprinting and cell culture processes.”70Its patent for3D-bioprinting technology is the result of intensive cooperation between its3D printing engineers and cell biologists.“We see Omakase Beef Morsels as the combination of food,technology and fine art,”Kaufman said.“We want to inspire chefs around the world to create delicious masterpieces and unforgettable dining experiences.”So there you have it,guilt-free meat eating may be just around the corner.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Special occasions are another way in which languages differ.B.It is natural to be critical of languages that lack expressions you think necessary.C.What you really want to wish them is courage not fortune.D.Having no English equivalent is annoying for those who are used to it.E.You can say that phrase if you like,but your neighbour would look at you strangely.F.But not having a word for something doesn’t mean you can’t coin one—or borrow it.At a Loss for WordsImagine a friend is heading out to face a difficult task.As a last word before they disappear,you want to encourage them.What might you say?If you are speaking English,the likeliest choice is“good luck”.If you stop to think about it,that is a little odd.Though you might indeed hope luck smiles on your friend,neither they nor you can do much about the probability.____67____That is why the French,in this situation,say“bon courage”, not“good luck”.English does not allow you to pair any old adjective with any old noun in a fixed expression.You may wish someone“good morning”,“good afternoon”or“good night”,but not“good weekend”.____68____However,in other languages it is perfectly usual.____69____English-speakers wish each other a happy birthday,but speakers of many other languages say “congratulations”as if the birthday girl had done something impressive merely by surviving another year.The Dutch also say“gefeliciteerd”to members of the family,including the one who really deserves congratulating:the mother.This is close to obligatory（义务的），while it would come as a strange surprise in English.It is tempting to draw deep cultural conclusions from the presence of this or the absence of that in a language. ____70____For example,the English do say the typical French words bon vovage and bon appétit,and there’s no reason to stop there.Congratulate your mother-in-law on your wife’s birthday,and you can prepare for a delighted smile back.It may seem awkward or tricky at first but you can make it stick if you try.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.In fact,this is where users should actually adopt a more cautious attitude.B.The recent attack against Twitter should underscore the need for data-centric security.C.For developers,this vulnerability also shows there’s still a need for proper input validation and ensure that anyrequest is authorized.D.Hackers love that defenders are distracted and don’t focus appropriate resources on the number one threat.anizations should make a joint effort to protect the sensitive data from exploitation.F.This is just one more example of the success of social engineering used by hackers.Social EngineeringWhen using social media,many users may not be thinking of the social engineering implications that can arise with too much over-sharing of personal information.However,what people share in posts can paint a very vivid picture of a person–which can then be misused by hackers.“67Social engineering is the number one cause of most spiteful data breaches(泄露),”said Roger Grimes,data-driven defense specialist at cyber security firm KnowBe4.“Nothing else is even close,percentage-wise,”Grimes warned,“Nearly every organization could best improve their cyber security defense plans if they focused far more on reducing the likelihood of social engineering.No other single defense could do more to protect an organization against hacking and malware(恶意软件).”“Every organization should look to see what they can improve in their defense-in-depth plan(e.g.,policies, technical defenses,and education)to defeat social engineering.It is because almost no organization appropriately focuses the necessary resources and training against social engineering that allows hackers and malware to be so long-term successful.68”The security experts warn that even in the context of“social media,”users shouldn’t let their guard down.69“As individuals,we are aware of the personal threats posed by cyber attacks directed against us,”suggested Erfan,cyber security expert at data security Comforte AG.“To avoid being victimized,it’s best to operate under the mindset that digital footprints exist everywhere and can never be completely wiped out.”“As members of businesses and organizations,we know that enterprise data is always a tempting target for hackers,”Erfan continued.“70Preventing attacks and breaches is not100percent fool-proof,so we can only hope that big techs have instituted the measures of data-centric security applied directly to data in case that sensitive information falls into the wrong hands.”Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.How to show others you careThe idea that kindness can boost happiness is hardly new.Studies have shown that prosocial behavior—basically, voluntarily helping others—can help lower people’s daily stress levels,and that simple acts of connection,like texting a friend,mean more than many of us realize.__67__“I have found that kindness can be a really hard sell,”said Tara Cousineau,a clinical psychologist,“People desire kindness yet often feel troubled by the thought of being kind.”__68__They may question whether their gesture or gift will be misinterpreted,or whether it will make the recipient feel pressured to pay it back.__69__Jennifer Oldham,who lost her9-year-old daughter Hallie in July,recently created a Facebook group—Keeping Kindness for Hallie—that encourages participants to engage in random acts of kindness.People have bought groceries and donated school supplies in Hallie’s honor.“It will help your own heart,maybe even more than the recipients,”said Ms.Oldham.If you are not already in the habit of performing random kind acts,or if it does not come naturally to you,start by thinking about what you like to do.It’s not about you being like,‘Oh man,now I have to learn how to bake cookies in order to be nice’.It’s about:__70__And how can you turn that into an offering for other people?Section C(8分)Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.So the rocket has been following a somewhat chaotic orbit since.B.Nevertheless,space enthusiasts believe the impact could provide valuable data.C.It was part of SpaceX’s space exploration programme.D.But after completing a long burn of its engines,the rocket’s second phase became a problem.E.The exact spot that the rocket will hit remains unclear.F.The lunar phase reveals the passage of time in the night sky.Out-of-control SpaceX RocketA SpaceX rocket is now headed directly for the moon after spending almost seven years flying through space, experts say.The rocket was originally launched to send a space weather satellite to the Lagrange point—a gravity-neutral position four times farther than the moon and in direct line with the sun.___________67___________ At this phase,it did not have enough fuel to return to Earth’s atmosphere.But meanwhile it lacked the energy to escape the gravity of the Earth-Moon system.___________68___________Space observers believe that it is on course to intersect(相交)with the moon.Bill Gray,who writes software to track near-Earth objects,has said the rocket will very likely hit the far side of the moon,near the equator.“This is the first unintentional case of space junk hitting the moon of which I’m aware,”Gray added.___________69___________Because of the unpredictable effect of sunlight“pushing”on the rocket and “difficulty in measuring rotation(旋转)periods”,its orbit may be slightly altered.“But these unpredictable effects are very small,”Gray wrote.He added that further observations were needed to decide the precise time and location of the impact.In a recent blog post,he wrote that the rocket has made a close lunar flyby,and will definitely make an impact.As for whether the collision(相撞)could be viewed from Earth,Gray says it will probably go unobserved.“Even if it hit on the near side of the moon,the impact occurs a couple of days after New Moon,which was hardly observable,”he added,“to me,the impact was not a big deal.”___________70___________They believe that the event will allow for observation of valuable lunar materials ejected(弹射)by the rocket’s strike.A.This is becoming a bigger issue as captchas have grown increasingly confusing.B.Therefore,when faced with something really confusing,many people simply give up.C.Most attempts to create accounts or to buy products come from common users,but some attempts can also com Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.e from attackers.D.Called “automatic confirmation,”the technology will allow sites to confirm you are not a robot without you having to do anything at all.E.These tests may ask you to spot all the traffic lights in a picture or to type out some special letters and numbers.F.Although the service is tied to Apple’s iCloud network,the requesting site will not receive any personal information about the user or their device.I Am Not a RobotAn annoyance,an important security feature,an uncomfortable request:however you feel about being asked to prove you are not a robot,it has become a daily occurrence for most of us,but perhaps not one we would miss if it were to suddenly go away.A new feature in the latest versions of iOS and macOS,Apple’s operating systems for smartphones and computers,promises to give the boot to “captchas”once and for all.(67)____________“Sometimes a captcha is just a button to press,”said Apple engineer Tommy Pauly.“But other times it can be a challenge to fill out.”The term captcha is in fact an acronym (首字母缩略词)for “completely automated public Turing test (图灵测试)to tell computers and humans apart.”To help stop fraud (欺诈),these little tests often pop up when you’re signing up for or onto a website.(68)____________If you get it wrong,it may ask you to start again,leading you to wonder if you really know what a traffic light looks like —or if you might really be a robot after all.But captchas are now fast becoming unusable,making the Internet a wasteland of difficult ers must struggle to do the most basic things.“We’ve literally all found ourselves at one time or another complaining:‘Those were all the pictures with traffic lights,’”said Effie Le Moignan,a researcher in social computing at Newcastle University.Internet users struggle to tell the difference between a wear of paint on a sidewalk and a formalized crosswalk that’s often requested in a traditional captcha,and worry that one wrong answer may lock them out of an account.(69)____________“You likely don’t enjoy being interrupted by these,”said Apple’s Tommy Pauly.“I certainly don’t.The reason these experiences exist is to prevent dishonest activity.If you run a server,you don’t want it to be defeated by fraud.(70)____________”The company worked with Fastly and Cloudflare to build the new feature.It works by allowing your device to send a statement confirming it is being used by a human to the requesting website.Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Even the technical meaning of“good tests”is open to question.B.It’s when I became a test doubter.C.Different groups of people fit different test patterns.D.On all achievement tests,we’re promised beforehand a population that fits a normal curve(曲线).E.This includes judging which expertise to“trust”and defending such choices.F.Time spent on standardized tests is,in many cases,equal to that on study.Recently,there’s been a lot of talk in U.S.about the“data problem.”It ought to give the“data-driven”school reformers pause to reconsider.Maybe we are just creating a bubble that too will burst if we continue to base our actions on the belief that only scores on standardized instruments are evidence of success.___________67__________Margo,a famous commenter,states that at least tests are more“reliable”than professional judgment.How can she tell?We want a nation of citizens who are less ready to think that the“truth”can only be captured in one of four answers—a,b,c,or d.___________68__________But how can the general trend guarantee the reliability of the score of one particular test-taker?Some educator dares to replace these tests with professional human judgments,which must still rest on a numerical rank order based on a,b,c and d.The big problem is that there is often no technical assurance for the reliability of such exams.No wonder many big-name psychologists avoid them.All“reliability”tells us is that the student would get a similar score on a similar test if given at another time or place. But all scores on old or new tests have measurement errors.Like Wall Street’s numbers,we have no independent basis for relying on these scores.Likewise,validity is in the eye of a certain standard of judgments.How ridiculous it is to say for sure that these judgments are justified!When some parents told me that their children seemed to read well,but scored poorly,they often believed the indirect evidence,test score,and not the direct evidence,listening to their children read.Some parents had been trained to distrust judgment and rely on“real evidence”.My own8-year-old son also used to“fail”a3rd grade reading test even though I“knew”he could read fluently.___________69__________We need schools that“train”our judgment,which help us become adults who are in the habit of bringing judgment to bear on complex phenomenon.___________70__________It also involves acknowledging that even experts must live with a substantial degree of uncertainty.Only in this way,can we,to some extent,rely on the results of the school education in the U.S.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.There are certain aspects of economic growth which affect the environment.B.Clean energy has always been on the priority list for a better environment.C.For these reasons,bringing about economic growth without any resulting environmental damage is impossible.D.However,nowadays the range of required goods has expanded significantly.E.So humankind began to make exploration to satisfy themselves economically and mentally.F.They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them also requires time.Humankind has tried to improve its standard of living since the very beginning of civilization.Back then,and today, providing food was the basic task for a person.67People feel the need for not only some primary things,such as bread and shelters,but also for various facilities and luxuries.Providing humanity with these things is connected to the use of natural resources,which requires energy.In turn,the common sources of energy we use today cause pollution,so economic growth is almost inevitably associated with environmental damage.68The first of these is the fact that in order to produce more goods and products,at a faster rate,the construction of large industrial plants is required.These plants produce a lot of waste,which may cause negative long-term health effects to nearby populations of animals,or people.The traditional energy sources,which are commonly used nowadays,are considered to be the greatest polluters to the environment.There also exist so-called eco-friendly sources of energy.69Of course,during this time people have to make some sacrifices to support these undertakings.In order to produce practical energy,a transformation of the natural site is often inevitable.This is expensive and, has harmful effects on the environment.Application of wind energy would block airflow’s natural speed.Consequently, the pressure balance that is brought about by this current will be affected,and it is important to remember that the environment and weather conditions are directly affected by atmospheric pressure.70This is the embarrassment mankind has to deal with.A good balance between economic development and sustainability is forever what humankind has to keep in mind.10.浦东新区Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Thus far Monbiot and I agree.B.Monbiot’s enthusiasm for creating food in labs worries me.C.That is because I believe in the potential of food to be a force for good.D.Regenerative farming has produced untested food through small-scale farms.E.The health impact of processed foods gets very little attention from the government.F.However,regarding the solutions needed to change our farming and food systems,we have different views.Eating meat is not a crime against the planet—if it’s done rightI have huge admiration for George Monbiot,a well-known columnist.His work has highlighted the urgent need to reduce our CO2emissions and switch to greener energy.He has also shown intensive farming’s role in the dramatic levels of species decline and biodiversity loss.Much of what he writes is in line with my stand.________67_________ It is undeniable that the farming revolution of the1950s has started a war on nature.These intensive ways of producing food are not only polluting our land and waterways,but are heating up our planet and contributing to a crisis in human health.We need to change the way we eat and produce food,and fast.________68________But in a recent article,he wrote that organic,pasture-fed beef and lamb are the“world’s most damaging farm products.”He criticises“chefs and foodies”like me for focusing on regenerative grazing—farming that aims to repair,rebuild,revitalize and restore ecosystem function.His alternative vision includes a revolution in creating food in labs from microbes and water.Although not opposed to the idea of lab-grown food,I am much more for small-scale community-driven farming. ________69________Methods that regenerative farmers propose have shown how non-intensive livestock,when managed well,can increase topsoil more than previously thought,which can then build up biomass(carbon)and keep precious rainwater.According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN,small-scale farmers currently produce about a third of our food.________70________These inventions in new food technology are heavily patented,pushing the future of our food supply further into the hands of an increasingly small and powerful collection of multinational food players.In our race to look for better systems of food production.We cannot afford to ignore the risks.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. A.The study shows parents of older children were more likely to talk about their own weight with the child.B.They found parents with better family communication were more likely to participate in family meals.C.There was no significant difference between male and female children in this study.D.This was the first study specifically to examine the home eating habits of adult patients.E.Previous study has shown parental obesity(肥胖)is the strongest risk for children’s obesity.F.Someone has no power to influence the family,but they are influencing each other.Engaging in Family MealsEngaging in family meals may be a matter of improving communication and support at home.A new study in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior,published by Elsevier,connects less family discouragement and better family communication with a higher likelihood to eat evening family meals and family breakfasts together,and not in front of a television.The researchers surveyed259patients who participated in weight management and weight loss programs at the Ohio State University or Wake Forest University._____67_____“It’s important to note all family members in the home have influence,”lead study author Keeley J.Pratt,PhD,the Ohio State University,Columbus,OH,USA,said of the findings that any family member can influence the adoption and maintenance of healthy patterns and behaviors in the home._____68_____The study also found parents who perceived their child to be overweight were more than four times as likely to talk to them about the kid’s weight,also called “weight talk.”“While open communication with children about health is beneficial,it’s important to ensure communication directly about children’s weight is not harmful in their development of a healthy body image and behaviors.That includes older children and adolescents who are at greater risk of developing eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors,”Professor Pratt said._____69_____As kids grow up,the relationship between kids and their parents becomes better._____70_____“Understanding these associations will provide essential evidence needed to design future family-based interventions for these patients to help in their behavior change and weight loss,prevent the beginning of obesity in children,and enhance positive family meal practices and healthy communication about weight,”Professor Pratt said.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Gratitude can also make us feel good physically.B.Therefore,it’s easy to tell that gratitude is advantageous to us.C.It is the feeling of being grateful and wanting to express our thanks.D.It can help promote stronger relationships with family,friends or even colleagues.E.One reason for this,is that gratitude stops us from reflecting on negative emotions.F.It is a deeper appreciation for someone or something that makes us feel a positive emotion.Why gratitude is good for youGratitude is more than just saying“thank you”to someone who has helped us or given us a gift.____67____And this positive emotion can be good for our health—our emotional and physical health,as well as the health of our relationships.Let’s start by looking at the emotional or mental health benefits of expressing gratitude.There have been many studies,as described in a2018paper from the Greater Good Science Center titled“The Science of Gratitude”,showing that writing a gratitude letter to another person or writing in a gratitude journal,if done regularly,improves mental health. ____68____But even if we don’t share our writing with anyone,like in a journal,the act of completing the exercise alone makes us happier and more satisfied with life.And this gets better with time.As we are essentially training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive,after several weeks or months,this becomes more intuitive.And so, the more we express gratitude,the more positive we feel.____69____There are studies linking a gratitude practice to better sleep quality,better eating habits,and reduced infection in people who have had heart problems.So gratitude is clearly good for us,but is it also good for the people in our lives?The simple answer is“yes”.When shared—spoken or written—gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too.____70____And that’s on top of all the other ways gratitude is clearly good for us.Maybe we should all stop counting sheep or counting calories and start counting our blessings instead?。

（一）A.You don't have to be on stage to get stage fright.B.Stage fright is part of the body's reaction to stress・C・ You try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to come out.D.With practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports.E The good news about stage fright is that here are ways to deal with it.F. However, there is a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping on stage.Stage frightImagine that you are an actor performing in a play for the first time. You have learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering and taking their seats.Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. _______________ 1____ The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.If you have experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. It is one of the most common types of fear and tends to strike people when they find themselves at the centre of attention. ______________________ 2 _____ People experience this fear when playing sports, giving a presentation, or even speaking in class. A person who suffers from stage fright may get sweaty hands, a dry mouth, a tight throat, or shaky knees・ Stage fright is actually a form of panic, and these feelings are very real.____ 3 _____ T he experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs in each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies5"fight or flight” reaction. As a result, we feel great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race, and our knees shake・____ 4 _____ Practising your performance and following some simple tips can help calm nerves and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. First, dress comfortably and appropriately. Second, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body・ Thirdly, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine・ These might make your heart race even faste匚Instcad， try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body・ Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people instead of the whole group・ These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.A.Pick up the dish with the remain ing food.B.Proper food is a basic necessity for your puppies・C.Remember to give your puppy the food he would like to have・D.It can also cause an upset stomach due to an unbalanced diet.E.One example is that extra helpings of nutrients do harm to digestive organs.F.It's good to provide the extra nutrients a puppy needs until he grows larger.Puppy foodA puppy （young dog） is a precious addition to any family. The excitement of bringing home a little furry friend will always live in our memories. Like all of us, though, your puppy must have adequate nutrition right from the start to make certain that it'll have a long and healthy lifb._____ 1____ You might ask yourself what is the best for your new pet with all of the different varieties on the market in all of their attractive packaging・ Some dry food produced specially for puppies is the best for the development of their teeth. A further benefit is that it is less expensive than the canned food・Contrary to the belief of many first-time puppy owners, it is not always the best idea to purchase food that is too high in calcium （钙），protein, and vitamin levels. ______________________ 2 _____ In addition, a high intake of calcium is associated with bone disease in large-breed dogs・If you have a “sma 11・brcccT puppy, you can buy that kind of food・It is not a good idea to feed the food you eat to your puppy frequently, as your puppy may become selective about food・ ____________ 3____ Some people think that dog biscuits and other treatsare fine, but they should not be a main part of a puppy's diet.Young puppies should be fed three times a day. Each puppy is unique, so feeding them twice a day is acceptable・ After ten to twelve weeks of age, feed your puppy twice per day. Allow your puppy to eat as much as he would like in fifteen minutes. ____________________ 4 ____ If you let your puppy eat too much or too often by keeping food accessible at all times, he may become overweight and have .health problems as an adult・ Like humans, your puppy will not enjoy the food any longer if it is there at all times.（三）Family valuesTo understand a nation, you should first get to know its minimum unit—family・」In the US, upon reaching an appropriate age （usually between 18 and 21 years）, children are encouraged, but not forced, to "leave the nest" and begin an independent life. After children leave home, they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married. Young adults meet their future spouses（配偶）through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions. Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of theirchoices・Parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves in many families. A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to chooseanother job. ______ 2____ A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father's business because of a fear that he will lose his independence in his father^ workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each othe匚Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family・_____ 3 ____ It is not like we Chinese・ Parents are rulers and masters・ We Chinese love our parents with fear and total respect. In America children always have their own opinions and even can talk about some sensitive problems with their parents, like family financial situation, the relationship between mother and father, and even sex._____ Therefore, it is contrary that on one hand, Americans admire independence and equality that they don^t want to make sacrifice to make up a family, but on the other hand, Americans think highly of family in their value system.（四）The importance of accessibility awarenessAt a recent Teen Leadership of Jewish Family Services meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives・1 was amazed to hear about the challenges faced by people with physical disabilities. However, what amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap accommodations （残疾人便利设施）•One school teacher who is blind, and a woman who has used a wheelchair all her life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to raising awareness about disabilities. 丄These include handicap parking spots, handrails, and wheelchair ramps. One big concern is the people who take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces. _2_ And the meeting focused on educating the public.Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the "No Parking/5 signs. "As long as Pm not in the spot, I can take the no-parking area next to it, “ some people say. However, the woman who uses a wheelchair disagrees to this. The space exists to allow someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their ca匚3Some walkways have handrails next t.o them to help those who require extra assistance. Whether it is a blind person seeking guidance or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked, by a parked bicycle for instanee, and consequently made useless. 4 People who are infbnned of the raiPs use would be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack・Meeting some of the people who are affected by the lack of education about accommodations mademe see that there is work to be done. If more people were educated about the proper uses of accommodations, there would be fewer challenges for people with physical disabilities・（五）Teen peer pressureTeen peer pressure is the influence a teenager^ social group has on him or her. As adolescents enter the teen years, they usually begin to focus more on their peers or friends.1 Peers influence most aspects of a teenager life, including how teenagers dress, what music they listen to, and what kind of activities they are involved in.2 Good friends can encourage teenagers to do well in school, get involved in positive activities, eat healthy foods, and avoid drugs, alcohol, and other risky activities. Friends also help teenagers learn good social skills and better ways to communicate and work out problems. They always give teenagers good advice.Negative peer pressure is when teenagers feel pressured to do something they know is wrong, such as smoking, drin king, stealing, or cutting class. 3 This is because they wan t to be liked or fit in, they are afraid of being made fun of, or they want to try something other teenagers are doing.It is important for teenagers to leam how to deal with peer pressure. There are a lot of things a teenager can do to handle it. 4 Good friends use positive peer pressure to help you be your best self. Also you need to think about the consequences of your decisions and actions, such as if an activity might harm your health or get you into trouble. Or you can talk to your parents or a trusted adult about the kinds of peer pressure you face and listen to their advice. Remember that if just one teenager stands up against negative peer pressure, usually others will join him or her, and learning to handle peer pressure gives teenagers more confidence.（六）Evaluating Sources of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact fromopinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources ・ The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science・ Think about the type of study. ________________ 1 _____Watch for misleading language・Some studies will find that a behavior "contributes to” or is "associated with" an outcome； this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 2 ____ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements・_____________ 3 Evaluate "scientific^ statements carefully, and be aware of quackery （江湖骗术）._____ 4_____ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life・（七）My theory is that the female brain is mainly built for empathy 一the ability to understand other people ——and that the male brain is mainly built for building systems. ______________ 1____ For example, women are more likely to read magazines on fashion and parenting, while men will choose magazines that feature computers and sport.You may think that these preferences are influenced by the way people are taught to behave when they are growing up. However, this is not the case.A new study carried out at Cambridge University shows that newborn girls look longer at a face, and newborn boys look longer at a mobile・ That suggests certain differences between male and female brains are biological. It has also been observed （that girls are better at noticing signs of changes in other people's feelings. Boys, however, seem to enjoy building toy towers and playing with toys which have clear functions. _________________________ 2 ____ People whose jobs are in the construction industries are almost male. Math and engineering, which require high levels of systems-thinking, are also male-chosen disciplines・Why do men and women have the difference? Actually women have four times as many brain neurons （神经）that connect the right and left part of their brains. Because of it, women have a better abilityto multitask than men.3 Men tend to focus on a limited number of problems at a time・ They will separate themselves from problems and view tasks as independent from one anothe匚Some people may worry that I am suggesting one gender is better than the other, but this is not the case. My theory says that males and females differ in the kinds of things that they find easy, but that both genders have their strengths and weaknesses. _____________________ 4 _____ It is not true. The study simply looks at males and females as two groups, and asks what differences exist, and why they are there・（八）Anxiety is your mental watchman. Ils fixed pattern is to search for what may be about to go wrong. It continually, and without your conscious permission, scans your life, even when you are asleep, in dreams and nightmares. _____________________ 1 ____ When it finds one, it worries it.Along with depression and anger, anxiety is one of the bad faces of worries・ 2 Controlled by anxiety, you will feel a lack of security and confidence. When anxiety is severe and pained, it can be a sign of a disorder, such as panic or terror.Although anxiety seems to have a biological basis, it is habit-forming for many of us. Some of our anxious feelings are in fact wasted energy. Anxiety has gotten out of hand when it is pointless and repeated・ When you are faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or making an important decision, you will feel anxious・ When you are controlled by anxiety, you are unable to control your emotions to the point of it changing your daily routine and habits・ __________________________ 3 Or you find you are usually anxious at work or around your family・At times, you should listen to the message of your negative emotions, as uncomfortable as they may be, and change your outward life rather than your emotional life. _________________ 4____ If you are worried about the dangers of your brother^ new hobby, sky diving, perhaps you ought to tell him so. Taking action may relieve your anxiety. If that doesrft work, then it's time to deal with any automatic thoughts in yourself.By learning to stop always seeking guarantee, not only can you start to undo the automatic cycle of anxiety, but also you learn that you can manage just fine without the need for constant guarantee・ This in turn creates a sense of self-confidence and self-respect, which is vital to overcome anxiety.1CABE 2BEDA 3BEAD 4CFEB 5FABE 6DFBA 7ACDF 8BDFE。

(一)Stage frightImagine that you are an actor performing in a play for the first time. You have learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering and taking their seats.Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. 1 The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.If you have experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. It is one of the most common types of fear and tends to strike people when they find themselves at the centre of attention. 2 People experience this fear when playing sports, giving a presentation, or even speaking in class. A person who suffers fromstage fright may get sweaty hands, a dry mouth, a tight throat, or shaky knees. Stage fright is actually a form of panic, and these feelings are very real.3 The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs in each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies’ “fight or flight” reaction. As a result, we feel great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race, and our knees shake.4 Practising your performance and following some simple tips can help calm nerves and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. First, dress comfortably and appropriately. Second, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Thirdly, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine. These might make your heart race even faster. Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people instead of the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.(二)A. Pick up the dish with the remain ing food.B. Proper food is a basic necessity for your puppies.C. Remember to give your puppy the food he would like to have.Puppy foodA puppy (young dog) is a precious addition to any family. The excitement of bringing home a little furry friend will always live in our memories. Like all of us, though, your puppy must have adequate nutrition right from the start to make certain that it’ll h ave a long and healthy life.1 You might ask yourself what is the best for your new pet with all of the different varieties on the market in all of their attractive packaging. Some dry food produced specially for puppies is the best for the development of their teeth. A further benefit is that it is less expensive than the canned food.Contrary to the belief of many first-time puppy owners, it is not always the best idea to purchase food that is too high in calcium (钙), protein, and vitamin levels. 2 In addition, a high intake of calcium is associated with bone disease in large-breed dogs. If you have a “small-breed” puppy, you can buy that kind of food.It is not a good idea to feed the food you eat to your puppy frequently, as your puppy may become selective about food. 3 Some people think that dog biscuits and other treats are fine, but they should not be a mainpart of a puppy’s diet.Young puppies should be fed three times a day. Each puppy is unique, so feeding them twice a day is acceptable. After ten to twelve weeks of age, feed your puppy twice per day. Allow your puppy to eat as much as he would like in fifteen minutes. 4 If you let your puppy eat too much or too often by keeping food accessible at all times, he may become overweight and have health problems as an adult. Like humans, your puppy will not enjoy the food any longer if it is there at all times.(三)Family valuesTo understand a nation, you should first get to know its minimum unit—family. __1 __In the US, upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years),children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest” and beginan independent life. After children leave home, they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permissionof their parents to get married. Young adults meet their future spouses(配偶) through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions. Although children choose their own spouses, they still hopetheir parents will approve of their choices.Parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves in many families. A parent may try to influence a child to followa particular profession but the child is free to choose another job. 2 A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father’s business becauseof a fear that he will lose his independence in hi s father’s workplace.This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and childrendo not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universaland this is no exception in the American family.3 It is not like we Chinese. Parents are rulers and masters.We Chinese love our parents with fear and total respect. In America children always have their own opinions and even can talk about some sensitive problems with their parents, like family financial situation, the relationship between mother and father, and even sex._ 4 Therefore, it is contrary that on one hand, Americans admire independence and equality that they don’t want to make sacrifice to makeup a family, but on the other hand, Americans think highly of family in their value system.(四)The importance of accessibility awarenessAt a recent Teen Leadership of Jewish Family Services meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives. I was amazed to hear about the challenges faced by people with physical disabilities. However, what amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap accommodations (残疾人便利设施).One school teacher who is blind, and a woman who has used a wheelchair all her life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to raising awareness about disabilities. __1__ Theseinclude handicap parking spots, handrails, and wheelchair ramps. One big concern is the people who take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces. __2__ And the meeting focused on educating the public.Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking.” signs. “As long as I’m not in the spot, I can take the no-parking area next to it, “ some people say. However, the woman who uses a wheelchair disagrees to this. The space exists to allow someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car. __3__Some walkways have handrails next t o them to help those who require extra assistance. Whether it is a blind person seeking guidance or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked, by a parked bicycle for instance, and consequently made useless. __4__ People who are informed of the rail’s use would be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack.Meeting some of the people who are affected by the lack of education about accommodations made me see that there is work to be done. If more people were educated about the proper uses of accommodations, there would be fewer challenges for people with physical disabilities.(五)Teen peer pressureTeen peer pressure is the influence a teenager’s social group has on him or her. As adolescents enter the teen years, they usually begin to focus more on their peers or friends. __1__Peers influence most aspects of a teenager life, including how teenagers dress, what music they listen to, and what kind of activities they are involved in.__2__Good friends can encourage teenagers to do well in school, get involved in positive activities, eat healthy foods, and avoid drugs, alcohol, and other risky activities. Friends also help teenagers learn good social skills and better ways to communicate and work out problems. They always give teenagers good advice.Negative peer pressure is when teenagers feel pressured to do something they know is wrong, such as smoking, drinking, stealing, or cutting is because they want to be liked or fit in, they are afraid of being made fun of, or they want to try something other teenagers are doing.It is important for teenagers to learn how to deal with peer pressure. There are a lot of things a teenager can do to handle friends use positivepeer pressure to help you be your best self. Also you need to think about the consequences of your decisions and actions, such as if an activity might harm your health or get you into trouble. Or you can talk to your parents or a trusted adult about the kinds of peer pressure you face and listen to their advice. Remember that if just one teenager stands up against negative peer pressure, usually others will join him or her, and learning to handle peer pressure gives teenagers more confidence.(六)Evaluating Sources of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 1Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead toa certain result.2 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 3 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖骗术).4 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.They Just Can’t Help ItMy theory is that the female brain is mainly built for empathy —the ability to understand other people —and that the male brain is mainly built for building systems. 1 For example, women are more likely to read magazines on fashion and parenting, while men will choose magazines that feature computers and sport.You may think that these preferences are influenced by the way people are taught to behave when they are growing up. However, this is not the case.A new study carried out at Cambridge University shows that newborn girls look longer at a face, and newborn boys look longer at a mobile. That suggests certain differences between male and female brains are biological. It has also been observed (that girls are better at noticing signs of changes in other people’s feelings. Boys, however, seem to enjoy building toy towers and playing with toys which have clear functions. 2 _ People whose jobs are in the construction industries are almost male. Math and engineering, which require high levels of systems-thinking, are also male-chosen disciplines.Why do men and women have the difference? Actually women have four times as many brain neurons (神经) that connect the right and left part of their brains. Because of it, women havea better ability to multitask than men.3 Men tend to focus on a limited number of problems at a time. They will separate themselves from problems and view tasks as independent from one another.Some people may worry that I am suggesting one gender is better than the other, but this is not the case. My theory says that males and females differ in the kinds of things that they find easy, but that both genders have their strengths and weaknesses. 4 It is not true. The study simply looks at males and females as two groups, and asks what differences exist, and why they are there.（八）Anxiety is your mental watchman. Its fixed pattern is to search for what may be about to go wrong. It continually, and without your conscious permission, scans your life, even when you are asleep, in dreams and nightmares. 1 When it finds one, it worries it.Along with depression and anger, anxiety is one of the bad faces of worries. 2 Controlled by anxiety, you will feel a lack of security and confidence. When anxiety is severe and pained, it can be a sign of a disorder, such as panic or terror.Although anxiety seems to have a biological basis, it is habit-forming for many of us. Some of our anxious feelings are in fact wasted energy. Anxiety has gotten out of hand when it is pointless and repeated. When you are faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or making an important decision, you will feel anxious. When you are controlled by anxiety, you are unable to control your emotions to the point of it changing your daily routine and habits. 3 Or you find you are usually anxious at work or around your family.At times, you should listen to the message of your negative emotions, as uncomfortable as they may be, and change your outward life rather than your emotional life. 4 If you are worried about the dangers of your brother’s new hobby, sky diving, perhaps you ought to tell him so. Taking action may relieve your anxiety. If that doesn’t work, then it’s time to deal with any automatic thoughts in yourself.By learning to stop always seeking guarantee, not only can you start to undo the automatic cycle of anxiety, but also you learn that you can manage just fine without the need for constant guarantee. This in turn creates a sense of self-confidence and self-respect, which is vital to overcome anxiety.1CABE2BEDA3BEAD4CFEB5FABE6DFBA7ACDF8BDFE。

(一)Stage frightImagine that you are an actor performing in a play for the first time. You have learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering and taking their seats.Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. 1 The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.If you have experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. It is one of the most common types of fear and tends to strike people when they find themselves at the centre of attention. 2 People experience this fear when playing sports, giving a presentation, or even speaking in class. A person who suffers fromstage fright may get sweaty hands, a dry mouth, a tight throat, or shaky knees. Stage fright is actually a form of panic, and these feelings are very real.3 The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs in each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies’ “fight or flight” reaction. As a result, we feel great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race, and our knees shake.4 Practising your performance and following some simple tips can help calm nerves and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. First, dress comfortably and appropriately. Second, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Thirdly, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine. These might make your heart race even faster. Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people instead of the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.(二)A. Pick up the dish with the remain ing food.B. Proper food is a basic necessity for your puppies.C. Remember to give your puppy the food he would like to have.Puppy foodA puppy (young dog) is a precious addition to any family. The excitement of bringing home a little furry friend will always live in our memories. Like all of us, though, your puppy must have adequate nutrition right from the start to make certain tha t it’ll have a long and healthy life.1 You might ask yourself what is the best for your new pet with all of the different varieties on the market in all of their attractive packaging. Some dry food produced specially for puppies is the best for the development of their teeth. A further benefit is that it is less expensive than the canned food.Contrary to the belief of many first-time puppy owners, it is not always the best idea to purchase food that is too high in calcium (钙), protein, and vitamin levels. 2 In addition, a high intake of calcium is associated with bone disease in large-breed dogs. If you have a “small-breed” puppy, you can buy that kind of food.It is not a good idea to feed the food you eat to your puppy frequently, as your puppy may become selective about food. 3 Some people think that dog biscuits and other treats are fine, but they should not be a mainpart of a puppy’s diet.Young puppies should be fed three times a day. Each puppy is unique, so feeding them twice a day is acceptable. After ten to twelve weeks of age, feed your puppy twice per day. Allow your puppy to eat as much as he would like in fifteen minutes. 4 If you let your puppy eat too much or too often by keeping food accessible at all times, he may become overweight and have health problems as an adult. Like humans, your puppy will not enjoy the food any longer if it is there at all times.(三)Family valuesTo understand a nation, you should first get to know its minimum unit—family. __1 __In the US, upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years),children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest” and beginan independent life. After children leave home, they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permissionof their parents to get married. Young adults meet their future spouses(配偶) through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions. Although children choose their own spouses, they still hopetheir parents will approve of their choices.Parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves in many families. A parent may try to influence a child to followa particular profession but the child is free to choose another job. 2 A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father’s business becauseof a fear that he will lose his independence in his father’s workplace.This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and childrendo not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universaland this is no exception in the American family.3 It is not like we Chinese. Parents are rulers and masters.We Chinese love our parents with fear and total respect. In America children always have their own opinions and even can talk about some sensitive problems with their parents, like family financial situation, the relationship between mother and father, and even sex._ 4 Therefore, it is contrary that on one hand, Americans admire independence and equality that they don’t want to make sacrifice to makeup a family, but on the other hand, Americans think highly of family in their value system.(四)The importance of accessibility awarenessAt a recent Teen Leadership of Jewish Family Services meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives. I was amazed to hear about the challenges faced by people with physical disabilities. However, what amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap accommodations (残疾人便利设施).One school teacher who is blind, and a woman who has used a wheelchair all her life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to raising awareness about disabilities. __1__ Theseinclude handicap parking spots, handrails, and wheelchair ramps. One big concern is the people who take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces. __2__ And the meeting focused on educating the public.Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking.” signs. “As long as I’m not in the spot, I can take the no-parking area next to it, “ some people say. However, the woman who uses a whe elchair disagrees to this. The space exists to allow someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car. __3__Some walkways have handrails next t o them to help those who require extra assistance. Whether it is a blind person seeking guidance or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked, by a parked bicycle for instance, and consequently made useless. __4__ People who are informed of the rail’s use would be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack.Meeting some of the people who are affected by the lack of education about accommodations made me see that there is work to be done. If more people were educated about the proper uses of accommodations, there would be fewer challenges for people with physical disabilities.(五)Teen peer pressureTeen peer pressure is the influence a teenager’s social group has on him or her. As adolescents enter the teen years, they usually begin to focus more on their peers or friends. __1__Peers influence most aspects of a teenager life, including how teenagers dress, what music they listen to, and what kind of activities they are involved in.__2__Good friends can encourage teenagers to do well in school, get involved in positive activities, eat healthy foods, and avoid drugs, alcohol, and other risky activities. Friends also help teenagers learn good social skills and better ways to communicate and work out problems. They always give teenagers good advice.Negative peer pressure is when teenagers feel pressured to do something they know is wrong, such as smoking, drinking, stealing, or cutting is because they want to be liked or fit in, they are afraid of being made fun of, or they want to try something other teenagers are doing.It is important for teenagers to learn how to deal with peer pressure. There are a lot of things a teenager can do to handle friends use positivepeer pressure to help you be your best self. Also you need to think about the consequences of your decisions and actions, such as if an activity might harm your health or get you into trouble. Or you can talk to your parents or a trusted adult about the kinds of peer pressure you face and listen to their advice. Remember that if just one teenager stands up against negative peer pressure, usually others will join him or her, and learning to handle peer pressure gives teenagers more confidence.(六)Evaluating Sources of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 1Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead toa certain result.2 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 3 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖骗术).4 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.They Just Can’t Help ItMy theory is that the female brain is mainly built for empathy —the ability to understand other people —and that the male brain is mainly built for building systems. 1 For example, women are more likely to read magazines on fashion and parenting, while men will choose magazines that feature computers and sport.You may think that these preferences are influenced by the way people are taught to behave when they are growing up. However, this is not the case.A new study carried out at Cambridge University shows that newborn girls look longer at a face, and newborn boys look longer at a mobile. That suggests certain differences between male and female brains are biological. It has also been observed (that girls are better at noticing signs of changes in other people’s feelings. Boys, however, seem to enjoy building toy towers and playing with toys which have clear functions. 2 _ People whose jobs are in the construction industries are almost male. Math and engineering, which require high levels of systems-thinking, are also male-chosen disciplines.Why do men and women have the difference? Actually women have four times as many brain neurons (神经) that connect the right and left part of their brains. Because of it, women havea better ability to multitask than men.3 Men tend to focus on a limited number of problems at a time. They will separate themselves from problems and view tasks as independent from one another.Some people may worry that I am suggesting one gender is better than the other, but this is not the case. My theory says that males and females differ in the kinds of things that they find easy, but that both genders have their strengths and weaknesses. 4 It is not true. The study simply looks at males and females as two groups, and asks what differences exist, and why they are there.（八）Anxiety is your mental watchman. Its fixed pattern is to search for what may be about to go wrong. It continually, and without your conscious permission, scans your life, even when you are asleep, in dreams and nightmares. 1 When it finds one, it worries it.Along with depression and anger, anxiety is one of the bad faces of worries. 2 Controlled by anxiety, you will feel a lack of security and confidence. When anxiety is severe and pained, it can be a sign of a disorder, such as panic or terror.Although anxiety seems to have a biological basis, it is habit-forming for many of us. Some of our anxious feelings are in fact wasted energy. Anxiety has gotten out of hand when it is pointless and repeated. When you are faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or making an important decision, you will feel anxious. When you are controlled by anxiety, you are unable to control your emotions to the point of it changing your daily routine and habits. 3 Or you find you are usually anxious at work or around your family.At times, you should listen to the message of your negative emotions, as uncomfortable as they may be, and change your outward life rather than your emotional life. 4 If you are worried about the dangers of your brother’s new hobby, sky diving, perhaps you ought to tell him so. Taking action may relieve your anxiety. If that doesn’t work, then it’s time to deal with any automatic thoughts in yourself.By learning to stop always seeking guarantee, not only can you start to undo the automatic cycle of anxiety, but also you learn that you can manage just fine without the need for constant guarantee. This in turn creates a sense of self-confidence and self-respect, which is vital to overcome anxiety.1CABE2BEDA3BEAD4CFEB5FABE6DFBA7ACDF8BDFE。

2020年上海高考英语六选四专题练习(名师总结解题技巧，值得下载练习)一、六选四考察要求概述选句填空"（俗称"六选四"）是2017年上海高考英语试卷中启用的题型。

根据题目要求，学生需从所给的六个选项中选取四个填入文中的空格处，使文章从内容、语言、结构上都符合逻辑。

考生在备考这一部分时,需意识到以下几点：1.虽然每一小题都要求选择正确的句子填入文中，但在文中不同的地方挖空，考査的能力要求也会有所不同。

如果空格处需填入主题句，考査的是对文本或段落的概括能力，如果空格处需填入能使上下文叙述连贯的细节，考査的则是对文章基本内容的理解能力。

因此，针对不同的空格，考生需要调整自己的思维方式，选择合适的策略；2.虽然本部分属于阅读理解这一大题，同样也考查考生的阅读理解能力，但是要注意这一题型与阅读选择题的差异。

选择题通过题干告诉考生考点在哪里，考査目标是什么，考生就可以据此选择合适的策略来答题，而"选句填空"则要求考生在理解文章内容和行文逻辑的基础上，自行判断空格处需填入句子的功能，再进一步选择合适的策略来答题。

基于以上分析，建议考生在完成"选句填空"这一部分时，可以采用以下步骤：1.通读全文，对文章内容有整体理解，包括文章的主题、写作的目的、毎一段的大意等; 2.阅读空格所在段落，尤其是空格前后句，判断空格处需填入句子的功能，并根据据后句的内容基本确定需填入句子的内容；3.阅读所给的六个句子，从中选择符合文章内容及行文逻辑的句子；4.通读填入句子后的文章，再次确认文章内容、语言、结构上是否符合逻辑。

二、六选四做题技巧指导1.利用句子中心实词解题句子中心实词是指在一个句子表达中需要占据句子主干或者中心意思的一类实词。

和代词一样，当一个句子中出现了表达某一特点概念的中心实词时，该句上下文就应该围绕这样的中心来展开，也就是说正确选项中不能呈现上下文没有交代的一个中心实词，因此我们可以利用这一现象来帮助我们找到正常选项或者排除错误选项。