上海高考英语新题型阅读六选四高二3-5日教案 老师用培训资料

上海高考英语2021届六选四解题技巧年级：高三辅导科目：英语教师：姓名：课题六选四解题策略教学目的1. 理解并熟悉六选四填空题解题步骤2. 灵活运用六选四解题技巧3. 二模真题演练教学内容“六选四” 解题步骤1. 读文“三步走”1.1 阅读首尾把握主题句该题型的文章基本上都是“开门见山”并“结尾总结”，因此阅读首尾可以快速把握文章的主题，另外，不少文章都有标题，通过标题我们也基本能够确定文章的主题。

1.2 浏览选项明确目标确定主题后，不要马上通读原文，而是建议先浏览6个选项，圈出选项中的关键词，并将这些关键词作为目标事先记在脑子中，再“以目标为导向”回头读原文，这样就会事半功倍。

1.3 细读文章抓住关键了解文章大意并浏览完选项后，再回头细读文章，重点阅读挖空附近的句子，这些句子与挖空处的句子逻辑关系紧密，往往能提供重要的解题线索，再结合选项圈定原文中的线索词，然后匹配选项中的关键词。

知识梳理e. 表示解释关系表示解释关系的词有：in other words, in fact, as a mater of fact, for example, for instance, actually, that is to say等；【2020年松江区一模卷】68. ________For instance, the printing and handling of money is expensive. Cash payments can be anonymous (匿名的) and it is hard to track criminal activities conducted in secret. Many governments favor reducing cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens. The Swedish government has been discussing the removing of cash since 2010.A. There's no waiting for it and no counting of cash.D. Clearing up cash payments has several advantages as well.分析：本题可利用解释关系解题。

专题15 阅读理解之六选四养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

上海高考六选四是高考新题型，由原来的任务型阅读改革而来，分值8分，语法难度较任务型阅读有所降低，要求根据短文内容，从所给六个句子中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

但理解难度提高。

一般来说，给出一篇缺少四个句子的短文和六个选项，进行六选四。

每句出版篇章的某一段落，要求学生找出与每句相匹配的段落。

这一种阅读新题型固然有着不同于传统阅读解题方法的种种方面，但同时也具备一些可以为学生所利用的新特点。

考生需要从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。

此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。

分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉，是解答这一题型的关键。

短文长度一般为300词左右，题材为记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。

设空类型：1.主旨句：标题类、主题句类；2.过渡性句子:文章结构；3.细节注释性句子：上下文逻辑意义。

值得注意的是文中不同的地方挖空，考査的能力要求也会有所不同。

题型归纳题型01 主旨句题【题型诠释】在某段第一句设空的内容通常是该段落主旨句，学生需要通过认真研读该段的内容，然后从选项中查找下文的同义词或其他相关词或句的方法，从而确定答案；有时则需反复读设空处后面一两句或更多内容，确定关键信息词，然后在各个选项中查找关联词和信息句。

学生做这类题时，注意一般正确答案选项与所设空后的第一句在意义上是紧密衔接的，因此正确选项和原文的内容是连贯且符合逻辑的。

六选四解题技巧一、考点分析六选四是高考新题型，由原来的任务型阅读改革而来，分值8分，语法难度较任务型阅读有所降低，但理解难度提高。

考察方式：给出一篇缺少四个句子的短文和6个选项。

要求考生根据文章内容，选出正确的句子填入相应空白处。

有两个多余选项。

每个选项2分。

考纲解读：主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

选材特点：短文长度一般为300词左右，题材为记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。

设空类型：1.主旨句：标题类、主题句类；2.过渡性句子:文章结构；3.细节注释性句子：上下文逻辑意义。

解题步骤：1.通读全文，尤其是文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题和主要内容。

2.阅读选项，根据选项中句子的句意或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的可能位置。

3.仔细阅读空前空后，寻找并划出关键词。

根据关键词，联系选项，基本确定需要填入句子的内容。

一旦确定一个选项，就将其做上记号，避免造成干扰。

依次完成四个空。

（先易后难）4.通读填入句子后的文章，再次确认文章内容、语言、结构上是否符合逻辑。

口诀：逻辑关系前后句，词汇重合上下文；内容全归所在段，语意通顺且连贯。

二、专题详解答题技巧：（一）注意关键词：一名（名词）袋（代词）鼠（数词）很特殊，连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。

除此之外，还有形容词。

1.词汇复现：复现是指在文章不同位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。

包括原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生词复现等。

例1：同词复现……The scientists say that the human life has change d greatly.Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. So they are called “diseases of civilization”.Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.A.Stone Age people lived a simple life.B.But today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.C. In that case,they would live much healthier.D.Ancient people have not lots of physical exercise.E. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F.People today probably don’t want to live like our ancestors.例2：反义词复现……On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world.______Those disadvantages include expense,time away from one’s school,family,…A.The following are its advantages.B.However, there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.例3：派生词复现Don’t fear people.______. The reason most people don’t take risks,or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them.If you want to live the life you truly deserve,you must give up the need to be likes by everybody.A.Focus on your own talents and strengths.B.Never let others’ opinions guide your choices.C.Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.2.同范畴词同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。

2017上海高考英语阅读新题型六选四(一) Most drinks stating that they are fruit-flavored （水果味道的） contain no fruit at all, while most of the rest contain only a small quantity of fruit, according to a study carried by the British Food Commission． "Shoppers need to check the labels（标签）before buying drinks, though sometimes the actual content can be non-existent," said Food Commission spokesperson Lan Tokelove．"Food production is highly competitive．___1 __ It will increase profits, and consumers won't always realize they are being tricked." Flavorings are focused on the flavors of natural food products such as fruits, meats and vegetables, or creating flavor for food products that do not have the desired flavors．Researchers analyzed the contents of 28 strawberry-flavored products sold in stores． __2_ Of the 11 products that did contain strawberries, five of them contained less than one percent real fruit．In addition, each juice box contained nearly eight teaspoons of sugar． _3 _ Let's take jam as an example. Some strawberry-flavored jam was labeled as containing no artificial colors, flavors, or sweeteners, but it contained absolutely no strawberries at all.　The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging.Consumers have the rights to know clearly about what they have bought．Under current UK law. Food packages do no not have to distinguish between natural and artificial flavoring. "Describing a product as strawberry flavor and covering the surface of the packed with pictures of stawberries is misleading. _4_ Unfortunatcly, it is also legal and widespread," Tokelove said. A．The products which contain real fruit are popular with people． B．Even products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit． C．They found that about 60 percent of them didn't contain any fruit at all． D．If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring, they are likely to do so． E．It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products． F．Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberry oreven no fruit at all．(二)On a typical hot August day in Xianyou County, Fujian Province, Zeng Demei, a retired worker in his seventies, hurries down a busy street．In his hand is a black leather bag．Zeng opens his bag, taking out two forms．1_____.Each of the forms contains detailed information of a student．On his arrival two hours later a woman greets him and leads him to her office where another man is waiting．They are the two village officials．They inspect the forms handed to them by Zeng and immediately recognize the girls． 2 _____ ? "It’s a pity but it doesn't matter．" says Zeng, who wastes no time in deciding to look for the remaining child, Su Qiuju．After half an hour, they stop outside a small house made of mud brick．A middle-aged man and a girl in a faded pink dress greet them．Su Qiuju is eight years old．She was forced to drop out of school after both her parents died．She is now living with her uncle who cannot afford his own children's education．However, the year of education Su Qiuju did complete was a successful one． 3 _____ ．When they are about to leave, Zeng says, "I must find a supporter for this girl to sponsor her education．" Zeng has made it his retirement task to help children complete their schooling．Back in 1999, Zeng took part in a campaign started by the local women's organization to help students from poor families．He was so overcome by the tough situation of many poor children ?that he donated all his money to help out a girlHis task had begun and since then he has spent his time persuading his friends and neighbors and others to donate money．"To me, children's education is the most important． 4 I have to find sufficient funding before the school opens in September．"When asked how long he will keep up his vital work as the community's guardian angel, he has a simple reply．" Not until my eyes can't see, and my feet can't move．"A．They were having problems with their schoolworkB．These are for the two girls he's going to visit this morningC．They live in a small village not very far, though only one of the girls is still living at homeD．She displayed a talent for handwriting, writing her three-character name neatly and beautifullyE．The thought of students dropping out of school bothers me so much that I can't get to sleep at nightF．Of course, some people question why I would want to give up my retirement to go to so much trouble(三)Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a batter student in several ways. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.1 Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.2 The following methods may work best for you.●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.● Write your notes in your own words.● 3● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.4A. Use words, not complete sentences.B. There are three practical note-taking methods.C. You must write your notes on separate paper.D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.(四)　Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences._1- Trust is a risk.But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately，we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.—2--It’s understandable，but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there..Learn to really trust yourself. Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. -3--If you’ve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives，we’ll have our trust tested or violated. ?You didn’t lose “everything”.Once trust is lost，what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.-4-- Instead，it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A.It is putting confidence in someone. B.Stop regarding yourself as the victim. C.Remember that you can expect the best in return. D.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again. E.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. F.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.(五). This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.- 1- They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.-2 --Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First，understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.—3- And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.—4- Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. Therefore，it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A.Having interesting things to think about also helps. B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C.Without wandering minds，we wouldn’t have relativity，Coke or Post-it notes. D.At one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E.It involves slow，steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.答案:(一) D C B F (二).BCDE (三). EFAD (四) A. D B F(5). BCAE。

高考英语阅读新题型六选四解题技巧讲解新题型中，阅读题较以往减少一个选择题，去掉了“回答问题“”的题型。

增加一个语篇，挖出四个句子，六选四，每题2分。

其中阅读的六选四题型主要特点是，所给出的被选项要多于题目个数，正文一般都有很清楚的思路或者论据,考察的是一种逻辑关系。

，六选四的出现说明题目从传统的单项选择上转移到一个更深的层次上，即对句子和语篇的理解。

六选四例题：在做这种题目时，孩子要应该注意以下四点：1.把握文章主题句和结尾句2.特别注意句句之间、段段之间的连接词3.答案模糊时，联系上下文，排除干扰项4.检查时，代入选项看是否通顺有逻辑性的解题步骤六选四的新题型主要考察的是你做题的逻辑性，下面的是我推荐给大家的四步解题步骤：1. 先读题目要求的第一句,初步了解主题2. 利用语法知识确定句子缺失成分3. 重点阅读空格前后的句子利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格4. 认真阅读选项,并找出关键词与空格进行搭配了解常见的六种指代方法人们讲话或写文章时，常常要把前后讲的或写的内容加以联系。

联系的方式有几类，它们为语言的应用提供粘合(cohesion)。

取得粘合最常用的方式是返指(referring back)已经提及的事项。

取得粘合的另一方式就是预指(referring forward)将要说及的事项。

接下来我给大家介绍文章中常见的几种指代方法：返指方法一：使用名词词组返指前文中的具体名词，避免重复，并从意思上进行具体解释。

返指方法二：在名词（或名词词组）前使用the这一特指限定词，返指前文中提到的名词或词组。

返指方法三：使用副词来指代前文中提到或讨论到的时间。

返指方法四：用this；that和他们的复数形式these和those清楚地返指前文中提到的事物和事实；用such作为限定词或形容词返指刚刚提及的事物。

返指方法五：所谈的行为或情况在前面已经提及时，可用so来替代。

返指方法六：使用人称代词和物主代词。

专题15 阅读理解之六选四养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

上海高考六选四是高考新题型，由原来的任务型阅读改革而来，分值8分，语法难度较任务型阅读有所降低，要求根据短文内容，从所给六个句子中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

但理解难度提高。

一般来说，给出一篇缺少四个句子的短文和六个选项，进行六选四。

每句出版篇章的某一段落，要求学生找出与每句相匹配的段落。

这一种阅读新题型固然有着不同于传统阅读解题方法的种种方面，但同时也具备一些可以为学生所利用的新特点。

考生需要从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。

此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。

分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉，是解答这一题型的关键。

短文长度一般为300词左右，题材为记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。

设空类型：1.主旨句：标题类、主题句类；2.过渡性句子:文章结构；3.细节注释性句子：上下文逻辑意义。

值得注意的是文中不同的地方挖空，考査的能力要求也会有所不同。

题型归纳题型01 主旨句题【题型诠释】在某段第一句设空的内容通常是该段落主旨句，学生需要通过认真研读该段的内容，然后从选项中查找下文的同义词或其他相关词或句的方法，从而确定答案；有时则需反复读设空处后面一两句或更多内容，确定关键信息词，然后在各个选项中查找关联词和信息句。

学生做这类题时，注意一般正确答案选项与所设空后的第一句在意义上是紧密衔接的，因此正确选项和原文的内容是连贯且符合逻辑的。