2016高考英语阅读理解猜测词义

高考英语阅读理解真题（2016-17全国卷3B篇）详解2016On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.“Hey, aren’t you from Mississippi?”the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “I’m from Mississippi too.”Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,”Welty said. “I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.”Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi.“My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’”Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.“I don’t make them up,”she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I don’t have to.”Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears onlya fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.5.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?A. Two strangers joined her.B. Her childhood friends came in.C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.D. Some people held a party there.6.The underlined word “them”in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s.A. readersB. partiesC. friendsD. stories7.What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?A. They live in big cities.B. They are mostly women.C. They come from real life.D. They are pleasure seekers.答案语篇分析：文章介绍了一位女作家请纽约的朋友吃饭时发生的故事。

2016高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练（39）阅读理解—词义猜测题、观点态度题。

(2015年吉林省实验中学月考)In summer, some people avoid outdoor activities because the y don't want to get hot and sticky or sun burnt. Luckily, there a re some outdoor activities which don't involve breaking sweat. River raftingHot summer weather and cool water-what a perfect match! River rafting can be both scenic and ex citing. When the raft follows a gentle stream, the views of the countryside or valley is like a traditional Chinese painting. And when you enter white water where the riverbed creates a nat ural roller coaster, you feel a rush of adrenaline(肾上腺素). Paddle your raft to the riverbank to have a picnic or barbe cue which will taste best when you are starving.Where to find: River rafting trips are usually on offer in mount ainous or valley regions such as the Three Gorges.Tips: Wear a helmet and life jacket at all times; bring enough sunscreen; and bring lots of water.CavingPeople say that the only naturally air-conditioned place in summer is a big cave. It is true. Cave tou rs featuring light shows are old hat. Now it's time to wear a la mp no your helmet like a mineworker to explore caves in dark ness. Exploring unknown caverns and navigating undergroun d rivers is what makes caving so thrilling. Plus, caving can be a very healthy sport, for the oxygen level is usually higher so basically you are having an oxygen spa as the bonus.Where to find: Caving can be very risky, so consult local trave l agents and go in groups with professional cavers.Tips: Follow your guides; drink enough water to avoid dehydr ation(脱水)；and wear strong and not easily damaged hiking boots. Coastal walking/cycling and beach activitiesFor those who live far away from mountains, coastal regions a nd beaches are good places to spend time in the summer. Wit h sea breezes in your hair, it is nice to take a hike or cycle rid e while enjoying the coastline. If you want to be sportier, try b each games, such as soccer and volleyball. It's a totally differ ent experience from playing on hard courts or grass.Where to find: Just go to the beach or find an urban artificial b each such as the one in Chatoyant Park in Beijing or the man-made lake beach inTips: Loads of sunscreen needed; water and snacks are nece ssary; be aware of jellyfish and garbage floating in the water. What does the underlined words “old hat” in Paragraph 5 mea n?A．Out of fashion. B. Out of the way. C. A particular f ashion. D. A unique style2. If you love river rafting trips, you can .A. go to the beachB. explore cavesC. do some outdoor activitiesD. drift the boat downstre am3. What is specially needed to explore caves?A. An oxygen spa.B. A professional caver.C. A lamp.D. A helmet4. Helen lives in a big city, where is the best place for her to s pend weekends?A. A riverbankB. Underground riversC. An urban artificial beach.D. Mountainous areas.语篇解读夏天时，一些人总是对户外运动唯恐避之不及，因为不想变得又热又黏。

新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意（词义）解题策略高考考情分析解读：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的一种常见的题型。

词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断，既可以是生词生义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。

通过对近年新课标全国卷分析统计来看，词义猜测题一般有1－2题。

考查相对比较稳定，但难度略有增加，需要在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。

在词义猜测题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。

2016年全国卷设问形式例子：(1)What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)What does the underline phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)What does the word “contributions” in the la st paragraph refer to？(2015年课标全国卷Ⅰ)常见的命题形式有：The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “________” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”．What does the phrase “________”in Paragraph 1 mean?本学案结构：代词指代猜测题目句子猜测句意题目附：典故谚语知识储备单词或短语意思猜测题该题型着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国新课标卷2）英语答案解析第I卷第一部分第一节1.【答案】B【解析】此题为简单的事实细节题。

根据材料中女士的话“but I have an appointment with my dentist at 11:30.”可知女士明天上午11：30要去看牙医，故选B。

2.【答案】C【解析】此题为简单的事实细节题。

根据材料中女士的问话。

“Is it still raining？”及男士的回答“No, but there's still lots of clouds。

”可知现在虽然雨停了，但是有很多乌云。

3.【答案】A【解析】此题为意图推断题。

根据材料中男士的话“I'm sorry I was late for class today, Dr. Simpson。

”及“I won't let it happen again。

”可知男士迟到了在跟他的老师道歉，故选A。

4.【答案】C【解析】此题为简单的事实细节题。

根据材料中女士的话“I'm coming back this afternoon and I'll take a bus from the railway station.”可知答案为C。

5.【答案】B【解析】此题为简单的事实细节题。

根据材料中Jenny的话“but I've decided to travel a bit before finding another job.”可知在找工作之前她决定先去旅游。

第二节6.【答案】A【解析】此题为事实细节题。

根据材料中女士的话“Well, it's a quarter to two.”可知现在是1：45，故选A。

7.【答案】C【解析】此题为事实细节题。

根据材料中男士的话“Actually I'm going to meet with Professor Smith at ten past two。

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标Ⅱ卷）英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWhat’s On?Electric Underground7.30pm－1.00am Free at the Cyclops TheatreDo you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.Gee Whizz8.30pm-10.30pm Comedy at KaleidoscopeCome and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).Simon’s Workshop5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria StageThis is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.Charlotte Stone8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza WorldFine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?A. Jules Skye.B. Gee Whizz.C. Charlotte Stone.D. James Pickering.2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?A. The Cyclops TheatreB. KaleidoscopeC. Victoria StageD. Pizza World3. What do we know about Simon’s Workshop?A. It requires membership status.B. It lasts three hours each time.C. It is run by a comedy club.D. It is held every Wednesday.4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?A. 5.00pm-7.30pm.B. 7.30pm－1.00am.C. 8.00pm-11.00pm.D. 8.30pm-10.30pm.【答案】1.A 2. B 3. D 4. C【解析】2.B 细节理解题。

高考英语阅读理解猜测词义类的解题技巧高考英语阅读理解中的猜测词义类题可以分为两种类型，一种是推测某个生词的具体含义，是生词含义题；另一种是推测某个代词或词组在文中的指代意义，是代词指称题。

这两种情况在解题方法上还是有一定的相似性和规律性的。

下面是我们遇到猜测词义题时一般的解题步骤。

对于考察某个单词或短语或句子实际含义的题，首先要着眼单词或短语本身，分析单词或短语的构成，分析其构词法，词根词缀，派生关系等信息，推测它的大概含义。

对于猜测句子的含义，有时可以直接分析句子结构推测它的意义。

有些单词我们虽然不认识它的具体含义，但是他们往往含有一些表示具体意义的词缀，特别是前缀能够帮助我们猜测这个词的一部分含义，而后缀通常能够帮助我们理解词的派生关系。

高考英语中常见的前缀总结如下：根据构词法阅读中常会遇到一些由所熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词，可利用构词法知识来推测其意思。

《教学大纲》已经明确地将构词法列在语法附表中，因此利用所学构词法生成的词不应被认定为生词。

1. Exhibition officials said that a person bitten by one of these snakes would need at least 80ml of an anti-poison medicine to be saved.分析：anti-poison是由poison加前缀anti-构成的，anti-意思是“反对、排斥、抵抗”，由此可猜出anti-poison是“解毒、抗毒”的意思。

2. Although simplified Chinese characters were accepted for use many years ago, it seems thatmore and more people like Chinese characters in the complex form.分析：simplified跟simple是同根词，带有-ed显然是过去分词形式的形容词。