高考英语一轮复习必修①Unit4单元主题语篇训练(含解析)新人教版

□earthquake n. □smelly adj.□canal n.□track n.□miner n.□bar n.□cyclist n．□quake n.□pipe n.□steam n.□useless adj.□shelter n.□judge n．&v t.□well n.□million n.□brick n.□electricity n.□title n.□outline n.□crackn．&v t.&v i.□event n.□dam n.□mine n.□reporter n.□headline n.1．a．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime. 保护；庇护b．(重庆卷)He had a real gift for handling chores, sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs. 使免于；庇护2．(2019·北京卷)It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. 棒，条状物3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. 刻苦钻研；研究[单词拼写·运用]核心单词语境运用1．burst v i.爆裂；爆发用所给词的适当形式填空。

10．be buried in埋头于exam.He got good grades in all examsand his parents were proud ⑧ofhim.However，he thought nothing ⑨ofwhat he had achieved.教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1．too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. (2018·北京卷)正如谚语所说，活到老学到老。

Unit 4 Earthquakes(60分钟79分)Part A一、阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2分,满分14分)AScientists at UC Berkeley released a video showing an earthquake early-warning system that sent an alert before the magnitude-6.0 Napa earthquake on Sunday morning.Officials said the system provided an alert 10 seconds before the quake was felt.California is working to complete a statewide system,which could be completed in the next few years.Once fully developed,the system could give downtown Los Angeles 40 to 50 seconds of warning that th e “Big One” was headed from the San Andreas fault,giving time for elevators to stop at the next floor and open up,firefighters to open up garage doors,high-speed trains to slow down to avoid derailment and surgeons to take the scalpel(手术刀) out of a patient.A lack of funds,however,has slowed the system’s progress.The system works because while earthquakes travel at the speed of sound,sensors that initially detect the shaking near the epicenter of a quake can send a message faster—at the speed of light—to warn residents farther away that the quake is coming.Rep.Adam Schiff (D-Burbank) said the successful test showed the need for the system.“While this was not the ‘big one’,we need to be prepared to save lives and protect vital infrastructure(基础设施)—even a few seconds of warning will allow people to seek cover,automatically slow or stop trains,pause surgeries and more,” he said in a statement.1.It will take a few years to finish the statewide earthquake early-warning system because .A.it’s a hard workB.there’s no enough moneyC.it’s a large systemD.there’s no enough workers2.Which can be inferred from the passage?A.The system can send an alert before an earthquake starts.B.The system works based on the difference of the speed between sound and light.C.Even warning a few seconds ahead can give time to save many lives and vital infrastructure.D.After the system is completed,people will not be afraid of earthquakes in California.3.The word “while” in the last paragraph means .A.thoughB.howeverC.andD.because【文章大意】本文为说明文,主要介绍了美国加州的地震预警系统。

Unit 4Earthquakes随着社会的发展，网络也进入到了普通的家庭当中，当今网络购物、网上物品交换、网上交友、聊天都越来越受年轻人的青睐，此类话题也成了高考的热点话题之一，如2012年重庆卷和2010年安徽卷都涉及到了这一话题。

本书从此单元开始至后面两个单元将围绕这一话题设计晨背内容。

由词连句——背词汇、学连句，让作文丰满起来一、话题常用词汇必背1．常用单词(1)virus n．病毒(2)credit n. 信用卡(3)complaint n. 抱怨(4)recreation n. 消遣(5)advantage n. 优点(6)e­mail n. 电子邮件(7)information n. 信息(8)convenience n. 方便(9)communication n. 交流(10)cyberspace n. 网络空间,(11)chat v．聊天(12)explore v. 探索(13)exchange v. 交换(14)download v. 下载(15)fictional adj. 虚幻的(16)artificial adj. 人造的(17)universal adj. 普遍的(18)intelligent adj. 智能的(19)technological adj. 科技的(20)widely adv. 广泛地(21)actually adv. 实际上2．常用短语(1)instead of 而不是(2)shop online 网上购物(3)click on sth. 用鼠标点击(4)make good use of 充分利用(5)surf the Internet 上网浏览信息(6)broaden one's horizons 开阔视野(7)a technological revolution 技术革命(8)provide ... with ... 为……提供……(9)download information from the Internet从网络上下载信息二、连词成句并背诵(按括号中的要求，添加适当的词连词成句)1．we, live in, information, age, web, widely, used (用非限制性定语从句) 答案：We_are_now_living_in_an_information_age,_in_which_the_web_is_widely_used.2．whenever, necessary, they, download, all kinds of, information, Internet (用状语从句的省略)答案：Whenever_necessary_they_can_download_all_kinds_of_information_from the_Internet.3．e­mail, instead of, letter, make communication, easy (用强调句式)答案：It_is_e­mail_instead_of_letter_that_makes_communication_easier.4．people, be worried about, the safety of paying for goods, use, credit，when, shop (用现在分词短语作伴随状语和状语从句的省略)答案：People_are_worried_about_the_safety_of_paying_for_goods_using_credit_ when_shopping.Ⅰ.高频单词必记1．burst vi. 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发2．ruin n. 废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产3．shock vt. & vi. (使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊4．rescue n. & vt. 援救；营救5．trap vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境6．disaster n. 灾难；灾祸7．bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏8．damage n. & vt. 损失；损害9．event n. 事件；大事；比赛项目10．judge n．裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决→judgement n. 意见；判断力；审判11．injure vt. 损害；伤害→injury n．伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的12．electricity n．电；电流；电学→electric adj.用电的；带电的→electrical adj.与电有关的；电学的13．frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的14．congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词→congratulate vt.祝贺1．语境串记(用所给词的适当形式填空)(1)In the crash he was seriously injured. He suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.(injure)(2)On seeing the frightening scene, the little girl was so frightened that she burst out crying.(frighten)(3)The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate) 2．主题串记请写出除disaster以外其他表示“自然灾害”的名词(1)flood n．洪水(2)typhoon n．台风(3)tsunami n. 海啸 (4)tornado n. 龙卷风(5)sandstorm n. 沙尘暴Ⅱ.重点短语必背*1.right_away 立刻；马上*2.think_little/nothing_of 以为……没什么了不起*3.at_an_end 结束；终结4．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪*5.dig_out 掘出；发现*6.a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的7．be_proud_of 以……而自豪*8.judging_from 从……判断*9.be_trapped_in 陷入10．be_buried_in 埋头于选用以上标有*的短语填空(其中有一项是多余的)1．Mo Yan has received a_great_number_of congratulations since he got the Nobel Prize in 2012.2．It seemed that the world was at_an_end when he learned that all his savings were gone.3．Just wait a few minutes. We'll be back right_away.4．More than a dozen people were_dug_out of the ruins alive after the earthquake.5．Don't think_little_of some changes in nature before the earthquake.6．Judging_from what he said just now, he must be an honest man.Ⅲ.经典句型必会1．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里的鸡，甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。

Unit 4 EarthquakesⅠ.阅读理解AAn earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters.It may cause great damage.So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.Fragile items,like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface,near the ground instead of placing them on cupboards higher up.Never place them near your bed,sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down.When there is strong movement,these pieces will fall to the floor directly and not on you.There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire breakouts during an earthquake.Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.During an earthquake,lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged.Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you.Never use the elevator to go down.Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go e the staircases at all times.If you are outdoors,do not take shelter under a tree,streetlights,electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving,stop your car and stay in a safe place.Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆),cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can find e a whistle (哨子) if one is available.Never shout for help.Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust.Do not light a match because you may burn yourself.Do not move about or kick up dust.1.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “Fragile”in Paragraph 2?A.Easily found.B.Easily broken.C.Expensive.D.Heavy.2.Where should the items made of glass be put to reduce the injury from the earthquake?A.On cupboards.B.On a lower surface.C.In the bedroom.D.Where children can’t reach them.3.What are people advised to do during the earthquake?A.Go out the building at once.B.Drive to a safe place quickly.C.Take shelter under a tree.D.Turn off electricity and gas immediately.语篇解读:地震是最常见的自然灾难之一,常造成巨大的损失。

选择性必修第一册UNIT4语言运用题组——求精准(25mins)Ⅰ.完形填空Three years ago,I participated in Model United Nations(MUN)held by the Education Department,which was a mock(模拟的)UN activity.During the two days,students are separated in different groups which1different countries to debate and try to solve problems.MUN has2 awards:best delegates(代表),honorary mentions,and verbal mentions.Each time I participate in MUN,I made good3and undoubtedly got a few awards.But I often felt as if I’d4because I had never won the best delegate award.I5those who didn’t deserve to win the award but won it various times,and I was just filled with6at their success.But later I realized that it was also7not to get the award because I could actually8something,and that I shouldn’t 9the best delegate award until I was the best delegate I could be.Failures are completely subjective—we can look at a result as a failure or a10.Any failure can be regarded as a(n)11because you can always learn something from it and do12next time.This is supported by John Locke’s theory that we are born with blank views:knowledge and ability are learned from our13.That’s true.If I make a mistake in the life practice,then I probably won’t14that next time.I believe this is15the best way to become better.1.A.strengthen B.condemnC.inspireD.represent2.A.identical B.temporaryC.variousD.false3.A.preparations B.predictionsC.appointmentsD.explanations4.A.accelerated B.failedC.exitedD.succeeded5.A.approached B.trainedC.expectedD.witnessed6.A.relief B.envyC.satisfactionD.delight7.A.annoyed B.ashamedC.goodD.terrible8.A.desert B.learnC.deleteD.display9.A.win B.missC.deliverD.value10.A.bond B.betC.victoryD.loss11.A.aim B.benefitC.burdenD.limit12.A.funnier B.worseC.betterD.slower13.A.decisions B.attitudesC.positionsD.experiences14.A.repeat B.admitC.acceptD.notice15.A.wrongly B.scarcelyC.trulyD.narrowlyⅡ.语法填空For Kari Cobb,hiking in the Grand Canyon is a journey through history.At1bottom flows the Colorado River.Cobb gazes up at the cliff face.She thinks of the native people who lived in and around the canyon long before the2(arrive)of non-native explorers.The Grand Canyon3(stretch)across277miles of Northern Arizona.“It is massive,”says Cobb.She is a park ranger.“You cannot see all of it.That’s4makes this place so intriguing.”This year,Grand Canyon National Park celebrates its anniversary.Special events will5(hold)at the park.Vanessa Ceja-Cervantes is the anniversary outreach coordinator.“We hope visitors will connect with the park and learn to be stewards of the land,”she says.But the Grand Canyon’s6(popular)makes it hard7(protect)its original beauty.In 2017,the park had more than6million visitors.8(balance)tourism and conservation is a challenge.Tourism brings much-needed money to American Indians in the area.For example,the Hualapai tribe runs helicopter tours in the park.9the tribe’s main attraction is the Grand Canyon Skywalk.It is a glass-floored walkway that juts out over a cliff’s edge.It draws more than1million10(tourist)each year.参考答案选择性必修第一册UNIT4语言运用题组——求精准Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是议论文。

选择性必修第一册Unit 4Body LanguageⅠ.阅读理解AThis year，it felt as if every good movie was also an argument for why movies reward your attention，engage your feelings and respect your intelligence.Petite Maman(Céline Sciamma)The death of a grandmother，the sorrow of a parent，the acquisition of a new friend—these ordinary experiences，occurring in the life of an 8-year-old girl，provide the basic structure of this spare，perfect it’s best described as a modern-dress fairy tale，or a low-tech time travel fantasy is up to ’s certain is that the performance of the cast causes maximum emotional impact.(Coming to theaters.)Summer of Soul(Questlove)This documentary about a series of open-air concerts in Harlem in 1969 connecting impressive performances with interviews with musicians and audience members，is a shot of pure the film is more than a time capsule: It’s a history lesson and an argument for why art matters，and what it can do，especially in time of anxiety.(Streaming on Hulu.)Bring Your O w n Brigade(Lucy Walker)This documentary about California wildfires of September 2021 is also，almost by accident，an exploration of the country’s response to the COVID-19 picture Walker paints is complicated，partly because that’s the way people are: panicked，generous，stupid and movie is hardly optimistic，but its open-mindedness provides a buffer against despair.(In theaters.) The V el v et Underground(Todd Haynes)Like “Summer of Soul”，this documentary revisits the music of the 1960s in a spirit that is more historical than just recalling the than gathering present-day musicians to celebrate their ancestors，Haynes concentrates on the Velvet，a band，and on the artistic scene that inspired particular，he focuses on their connections to the experimental cinema that boomed in New York.(Streaming on Apple TV＋.)语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。

2023版新教材高考英语一轮总复习：UNIT 4 单元主题训练Ⅰ.阅读理解2022·广州质检When my 8-month-old cries, I ask him if he's hungry, or wet or just needs a hug.“Babububuu，” he says.What I need is a baby cry translator. That's just what a team of researchers say they've developed.“Experienced nurses or pediatricians (儿科医师) can identify why baby is crying because they have experience，”says Lichuan Liu, a professor of electrical engineering at Northern Illinois University, who conducted the research. “We talked to them, and they mentioned that based on the cry's sound there're some clues (线索)．”So Liu set out to identify the features of cries that can help mark them as expressions of pain or discomfort. These features include differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. The team then developed an algorithm (算法) based on automatic speech recognition to detect and identify these features. This “cry language recognition algorithm” was trained on recordings of baby cries taken from a hospital. It uses compressed sensing, a process that reconstructs a signal based on incomplete data. It can identify a baby's cry against a background of, say, adult speech or loud television sounds. By classifying different cry features, like pitch, the algorithm can suggest whether the cry is due to sickness or pain, and identify the degree of urgency.The team had experienced pediatric care providers assess forty-eight baby cry recordings for probable cause of crying — hunger, tiredness, etc. They then compared these to the algorithm's assessments. The algorithm agreed with the humans 70% of the time. Generally, so-called “uncommon cry signals”— signs of pain or sickness — are high-pitched and very loud compared to ordinary crying.Liu and her team continue to train the technology for greater accuracy. They also plan to add more features, like the ability to identify and classify movement and facial expressions. This could help give a more detailed reading of baby's emotional (情感的) and physical state. They also hope to begin human trials in the near future.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

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必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes李仕才一、阅读理解A“BANG！” the door caused a reverberation （回声）. It was just standing there, with father standing on one side, and me on the other side.We were both in great anger。

“Never set foot in this house again！” stormed father. With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street。

The street lights were shining, causing rather sad feelings。

I wandered aimlessly。

A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me。

I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space： happy and carefree.But now … I don’t know whether it is because I have grown up or because dad is getting old. We differ in our ways of thinking. We are just like two people coming from two different worlds。

高考英语一轮总复习必修第一册提能训练：Unit 4 Natural DisastersⅠ.阅读理解A(2024·浙江1月高考题) On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letti ng the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weath er Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr. Doswell says. “Doe s cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。

UNIT 4 单元主题训练Ⅰ.阅读理解2024·潍坊联考COLOMBO, Sri Lanka (AP) — During his leisure time, Mahinda Dasanayaka packs his motorbike with books and rides his mobile library — across mostly muddy roads running through tea-growing mountain areas — to underprivileged children in backward rural parts of Sri Lanka.Having witnessed the hardships faced by children whose villages have no library facilities, Dasanayaka, a child protection officer for the government, was looking for ways to help them.Then three years ago, he launched his program, called “Book and Me”．He purchased a second-hand Honda motorbike for 30,000 Sri Lankan rupees.On his days off — mostly during weekends — he rides his motorbike, to which a steel box is fixed to hold books, to rural villages and distributes the reading material to children free of charge.He began the program in 2017 with 150 books — some of his own and others donated by friends, colleagues and well-wishers.His collection includes about 3,000 books on a variety of subjects.So far, he said, his program has benefited more than 1,500 children, as well as about 150 adults.“I want to do something for children who are burdened with an exam-centreed education ...and to change the way kids look at society, to change their perspectives and broaden their imagination，” he said.Apart from giving away books, Dasanayaka also speaks to the children for a few minutes, usually under a roadside tree, highlighting the value of reading, books and authors.He then conducts a discussion on books the children have read, with the aim of eventually forming reading clubs.While Dasanayaka spends his own money on his program, he is not wealthy, with a take-home income of 20,000 rupees a month from his job.He said he spends about a quarter of that on gasoline for his mobile library.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。